Deuteronômio 22
Warren Wiersbe · Citado em PreceptAustin
Deuteronômio 22
Wiersbe - The Bible makes it clear that “God is not the author of confusion” (1 Cor. 14:33), but confusion results when we ignore the distinctions God has made between men and women, animals, and even seeds and fabrics. (Be Equipped) Deere notes that there "some evidence exists that transvestism may have been connected with the worship of pagan deities." (The Bible Knowledge Commentary) Thompson has an interesting historical note - “Later writers, such as Lucian of Samosata and Eusebius, speak of the practice of masquerading in the worship of Astarte. Apparently women appeared in men’s garments and men in women’s garments.” (TOTC-Dt) POSB - the distinctiveness between male and female is to be maintained. There is a clear, distinct difference between man and woman, and this clear, distinct difference is to be respected and honored. The clothing worn by people during the days of Moses was similar, very similar. Both men and women wore robes that differed primarily only in their decoration or ornamentation. Even when there was little difference in dress, God demanded that the distinctiveness between man and woman be respected and maintained. The created order of life was not to be violated. Wearing the clothes and adopting the behavior of the opposite sex is unnatural. It is deviant, offensive, distasteful behavior. But even more serious, transvestism is an abomination to God. It is detested by God. The idea is that the judgment of God will fall upon the person who seeks fleshly pleasure through transvestism. (Preacher's Outline & Sermon Bible – Deuteronomy) Grant - The sin highlighted here is when a man disguises his sex and dresses as a woman and a woman disguises her sex and dresses as a man. The view today is that this behaviour is harmless. The view of Scripture differs completely from that. This sin has been practised in most societies and is part of a lewd, corrupt, and immoral way of life. In the past it was also a feature of idol worship and unnatural sexual activity, which is condemned in the Word of God (Rom 1:26-27). (What the Bible teaches – Leviticus and Deuteronomy) NET NOTE - Cross-dressing in this covenant context may suggest homosexuality, fertility cult ritual, or some other forbidden practice. (Deuteronomy 22) Abomination (detestable, loathsome) (08441) toebah refers to an abominable custom or thing. Abomination. Loathsome. Detestable thing. . iT speaks of anything that runs counter to ritual or moral order, especially in the OT to divine standards. Toebah also describes God's view of homosexuality (Lev. 18:22; Lev 20:13) All uses Gen. 43:32; Gen. 46:34; Exod. 8:26; Lev. 18:22; Lev. 18:26; Lev. 18:27; Lev. 18:29; Lev. 18:30; Lev. 20:13; Deut. 7:25; Deut. 7:26; Deut. 12:31; Deut. 13:14; Deut. 14:3; Deut. 17:1; Deut. 17:4; Deut. 18:9; Deut. 18:12; Deut. 20:18; Deut. 22:5; Deut. 23:18; Deut. 24:4; Deut. 25:16; Deut. 27:15; Deut. 32:16; 1 Ki. 14:24; 2 Ki. 16:3; 2 Ki. 21:2; 2 Ki. 21:11; 2 Ki. 23:13; 2 Chr. 28:3; 2 Chr. 33:2; 2 Chr. 34:33; 2 Chr. 36:8; 2 Chr. 36:14; Ezr. 9:1; Ezr. 9:11; Ezr. 9:14; Ps. 88:8; Prov. 3:32; Prov. 6:16; Prov. 8:7; Prov. 11:1; Prov. 11:20; Prov. 12:22; Prov. 13:19; Prov. 15:8; Prov. 15:9; Prov. 15:26; Prov. 16:5; Prov. 16:12; Prov. 17:15; Prov. 20:10; Prov. 20:23; Prov. 21:27; Prov. 24:9; Prov. 26:25; Prov. 28:9; Prov. 29:27; Isa. 1:13; Isa. 41:24; Isa. 44:19; Jer. 2:7; Jer. 6:15; Jer. 7:10; Jer. 8:12; Jer. 16:18; Jer. 32:35; Jer. 44:4; Jer. 44:22; Ezek. 5:9; Ezek. 5:11; Ezek. 6:9; Ezek. 6:11; Ezek. 7:3; Ezek. 7:4; Ezek. 7:8; Ezek. 7:9; Ezek. 7:20; Ezek. 8:6; Ezek. 8:9; Ezek. 8:13; Ezek. 8:15; Ezek. 8:17; Ezek. 9:4; Ezek. 11:18; Ezek. 11:21; Ezek. 12:16; Ezek. 14:6; Ezek. 16:2; Ezek. 16:22; Ezek. 16:36; Ezek. 16:43; Ezek. 16:47; Ezek. 16:50; Ezek. 16:51; Ezek. 16:58; Ezek. 18:12; Ezek. 18:13; Ezek. 18:24; Ezek. 20:4; Ezek. 22:2; Ezek. 22:11; Ezek. 23:36; Ezek. 33:26; Ezek. 33:29; Ezek. 36:31; Ezek. 43:8; Ezek. 44:6; Ezek. 44:7; Ezek. 44:13; Mal. 2:11
Deuteronômio 22
Wiersbe - Whether they were weaving garments, plowing with their farm animals, or sowing their seed, the Jewish people were to remember that they were God's people and therefore a separated people. This was the Old Covenant version of 1 Corinthians 10:31+, Therefore, whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do all to the glory of God" (nkjv). (Be Equipped) Deuteronomy 22:12 "You shall make yourself tassels on the four corners of your garment with which you cover yourself. tassels: Nu 15:38,39 Mt 23:5 Deuteronomy 22 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: Note the purpose of the tassels in Nu 15:39 Numbers 15:37-41+ The LORD also spoke to Moses, saying, 38 “Speak to the sons of Israel, and tell them that they shall make for themselves tassels on the corners of their garments throughout their generations, and that they shall put on the tassel of each corner a cord of blue. 39 “It shall be a tassel for you to look at and remember all the commandments of the LORD, so as to do them and not follow after your own heart and your own eyes, after which you played the harlot, 40 so that you may remember to do all My commandments and be holy to your God. 41 “I am the LORD your God who brought you out from the land of Egypt to be your God; I am the LORD your God.” THOUGHT - Do you have any "blue tassels" to help you remember to obey and remind you that you are not your own but have been bought with a price and are to be holy because He is holy? (cf 1 Cor 6:19-20, 1 Peter 1:15-16). Perhaps you might want to buy some literal blue tassels, not as ritual, but as reminder! Blue Tassel on Each Corner TASSELS ON THE CORNERS REMINDERS OF CALL TO OBEY You shall make yourself tassels on the four corners of your garment with which you cover yourself - Why on all four corners? Presence on 4 corners would make it very easy to see the blue tassel (Nu 15:38). Tassels on the four corners Like "tying a string around the finger," the tassels and cord of blue on the edges of their garments were to remind Israel to obey God's commands. Reminders of God's moral limits help the child of God remember God's expectations and personal promises (of the enabling power of the Holy Spirit) to obey. Such physical reminders may take various forms. Making and using such reminders should not become laws people impose on others or use to judge others (Mt 23:5 ....lengthen the tassels of their garments. A hem or fringe on a garment was placed there in accordance with Num. 15:38, but the Pharisees made theirs unnecessarily wide.) The people were to add tassels to their garments as a reminder to obey the commandments of God and to live holy lives before Him, and as a reminder of God's deliverance from the bondage of Egypt. According to Jewish tradition, there were eight threads and five knots in each tassel, suggesting the number thirteen. The numerical value of the Hebrew word for tassels, sisit, is 600. In this way they were reminded of the 613 laws of the Hebrew legal code. The passage in Num 15:38 is the origin of the Jewish tallit (Heb.) or prayer shawl ( Deu 2:12). Deere - The tassels were to serve as a reminder of the Lord's commands and Israel's obligation to obey them. (Ibid) Brown makes an interesting comment that "For most Hebrew people, the cloak with the four tassels served a dual purpose; it was an outer garment by day and a heavy blanket at night. In other words, at all times the tassels were there at each of the four corners to confront them, day and night, with the priority of obedience." (Bible Speaks Today – The Message of Deuteronomy) Meredith Kline - Like the other stipulations in this section, the final regulation, which required the appendage of tassels to the outer garment, was designed to provide a special reminder of God's suzerainty over Israel (Wycliffe Bible Commentary on Deuteronomy) NET NOTE - Heb “twisted threads” (גְּדִלִים, gédilim) appears to be synonymous with צִיצִת (tsitsit) which, in Num 15:38, occurs in a passage instructing Israel to remember the covenant. Perhaps that is the purpose of the tassels here as well. Cf. KJV, ASV “fringes”; NAB “twisted cords.” (Deuteronomy 22) Grant - The fourth issue is the requirement to make tassels on the four corners of their "vesture"—a square piece of cloth that was wound round the body. There was an earlier instruction to have fringes on their garments in which there was to be a ribbon of blue (Num 15:38). Bringing both of these together it can be seen that the dress of an Israelite would be distinctive. They would differ from all other nations, the blue being a constant reminder of their relationship with the Lord. There is no reason given in this passage for such distinctive clothing, but in the passage in Numbers the reason given is that they "may look upon it, and remember all the commandments of the Lord, and do them" (Nu 15:39). This dress also emphasises that, not only were idolatry and its practices to be shunned completely, but also that the requirements of holiness were to cover every aspect of life. Every waking moment of each day they were reminded of their responsibility to submit to the command, "I am the Lord your God: ye shall therefore sanctify yourselves, and ye shall be holy; for I am holy" (Lev 11:44). Others looking on would expect an individual so clothed to behave in a manner that was worthy of the Lord. (What the Bible teaches – Leviticus and Deuteronomy)
Deuteronômio 22
Wiersbe - The sexual purity of women was important in Israel in order to maintain the integrity of the family line and therefore the integrity of the tribes. The legitimacy of a man's sons guaranteed the protection and perpetuation of the family name and the family property. To us, this seems like a double standard, for there was no law by which the woman could test her husband's fidelity. But the issue here isn't just personal morality so much as family legitimacy, the preventing of an illegitimate son from entering the family. (Be Equipped) If any man takes a wife and goes in to her and then turns against her - In context they have been properly married and the marriage consummated. Goes in to her is an idiom for sexual relations, so the marriage is consummated. Turns against her (Hebrew sane) conveys stronger meanings such as hate, abhor, loathe or have a feeling of open hostility and intense dislike. This is the reaction Joseph's brothers had against Joseph in Ge 37:4 (and as a result initially sought to kill her!) TEV renders it “decides he doesn’t want” her. The Septuagint translates turns against with the verb miseo which means to hate, detest, abhor and overall expresses a strong aversion of this husband for his wife. As the next verse shows, he has a possible reason for doing so.
Deuteronômio 22
Wiersbe - Fornication is intercourse between single people while adultery involves at least one married person. (Be Equipped) If a man is found lying with a married woman (literally = "wife of another man), then both of them shall die, the man who lay with the woman, and the woman; thus you shall purge the evil from Israel - Purge the evil - see note on Dt 22:21. Notice that here the phrase from among you has been changed to from Israel to emphasize the importance of purity for the nation of Israel. In Leviticus 20:10 we find the parallel passage - ‘If there is a man who commits adultery with another man’s wife, one who commits adultery with his friend’s wife, the adulterer and the adulteress shall surely be put to death." The mode of death is not specified in this case. It is notable that this sin is a three for one situation for it breaks 3 commandments, those forbidding coveting, theft and adultery! Married in KJV is "married (baal) to an husband (baal)" - see Hebrew word studies below.