2 Samuel 2
Matthew Henry · Citado em PreceptAustin
2 Samuel 2
Henry - Verses 1-7. After the death of Saul, many went to David at Ziklag, 1 Chronicles 12:22, but he trusted in God who promised him the kingdom, to give it in his own time and manner. Yet assurance of hope in God's promise, will quicken pious endeavours. If I be chosen to the crown of life, it does not follow, Then I will do nothing; but, Then I will do all that God directs me. This good use David made of his election, and so will all whom God has chosen. In all our journeys and removes, it is comfortable to see God going before us; and we may do so, if by faith and prayer we set Him before us. God, according to the promise, directed David's path. David rose gradually: thus the kingdom of the Messiah, the Son of David, is set up by degrees; he is Lord of all, but we see not yet all things put under him. 2 Samuel 2:1-11 Waiting for God's Time - Theodore Epp Second Samuel 2 opens with these words: "And it came to pass after this, that David inquired of the LORD, saying, Shall I go up into any of the cities of Judah? And the LORD said unto him, Go up. And David said, Whither shall I go up? And he said, Unto Hebron" (v. 1). David found, as we will too, that we never lose anything by believing God and then patiently waiting on Him. But we will surely suffer if we take things into our own hands and rush blindly ahead. The word "Hebron" means "alliance" or "communion" in contrast to Ziklag, which refers to self-will. Being allied with God and being in communion with Him, David was in a place to be led in the will of God. David's reign began by reigning first over Judah. It was not necessary for David to take the throne; God saw that he received it. God moved him back to Hebron, and his own tribe anointed him king. Seven and a half years went by, however, before the whole kingdom was put under his hand. David still had to wait, but it was God's time he was waiting for, not people's. "There is a time there for every purpose and for every work" (Eccles. 3:17). Henry Blackaby - God's Directions David inquired of the LORD, saying, “Shall I pursue this band? Shall I overtake them?” And He said to him, “Pursue, for you will surely overtake them, and you will surely rescue all.” 1 Samuel 30:8 (NASB) Then it came about afterwards that David inquired of the LORD, saying, “Shall I go up to one of the cities of Judah?” And the LORD said to him, “Go up.” So David said, “Where shall I go up?” And He said, “To Hebron.”2 Samuel 2:1 (NASB) David lived in dangerous times. One small mistake could cost him his life. So, whenever he needed to know what to do, he asked God. He didn’t just ask in generalities; his questions were always specific. God’s answers were equally direct. There is a theory that God does not have a specific plan for our lives. This teaching suggests that God does not guide his people daily. Rather, he gives us a brain and leaves us to make our own choices. The problem with this approach is that it totally ignores what the Bible teaches. From Genesis to Revelation, the Bible shows that God has always given clear instructions to his people. When David needed a specific battle plan, God did not say, “David, you’re a soldier. What do you think?” When David wasn’t sure where to go next, God didn’t say, “David, you know this area like the back of your hand. Just do what makes sense to you.” No, God told him exactly what to do. David obeyed, and he experienced success. Don’t assume that God isn’t interested in the everyday decisions of your life. Yes, he gave you a brain. He also gave you the Holy Spirit, the church, and his written Word. All of these are ways he communicates with you. He is vitally interested in the details of your life. Never hesitate to seek his direction in any decision. (Borrow The experience : a devotional and journal : day by day with God) SCRIPTURES ON HEBRON Genesis 13:18 Then Abram moved his tent and came and dwelt by the oaks of Mamre, which are in Hebron, and there he built an altar to the LORD. Genesis 23:2; 17-20 ( Sarah died in Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan; and Abraham went in to mourn for Sarah and to weep for her. (23:17-20) So Ephron’s field, which was in Machpelah, which faced Mamre, the field and cave which was in it, and all the trees which were in the field, that were within all the confines of its border, were deeded over 18 to Abraham for a possession in the presence of the sons of Heth, before all who went in at the gate of his city. 19 After this, Abraham buried Sarah his wife in the cave of the field at Machpelah facing Mamre (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan. 20So the field and the cave that is in it, were deeded over to Abraham for a burial site by the sons of Heth. Genesis 35:27 Jacob came to his father Isaac at Mamre of Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron), where Abraham and Isaac had sojourned. Joshua 14:13 So Joshua blessed him and gave Hebron to Caleb the son of Jephunneh for an inheritance. Joshua 21:8-13 Now the sons of Israel gave by lot to the Levites these cities with their pasture lands, as the LORD had commanded through Moses. 9 They gave these cities which are here mentioned by name from the tribe of the sons of Judah and from the tribe of the sons of Simeon; 10 and they were for the sons of Aaron, one of the families of the Kohathites, of the sons of Levi, for the lot was theirs first. 11 Thus they gave them Kiriath-arba, Arba being the father of Anak (that is, Hebron), in the hill country of Judah, with its surrounding pasture lands. 12 But the fields of the city and its villages they gave to Caleb the son of Jephunneh as his possession. 13 So to the sons of Aaron the priest they gave Hebron, the city of refuge for the manslayer, with its pasture lands, and Libnah with its pasture lands, 2 Samuel 2:2 So David went up there, and his two wives also, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess and Abigail the widow of Nabal the Carmelite. 1Sa 25:42,43 30:5 Lu 22:28,29 DAVID OBEYS AND MOVES ON TO HEBRON So - This means therefore or for this reason and in context speaks of David's unhesitating obedience to the Word of the LORD. THOUGHT - This is a great pattern for all God's children to imitate! Hebrews 6:11-12+ says "we desire that each one of you show the same diligence so as to realize the full assurance of hope (CLEARLY THIS IS NOT "HOPE SO" BUT "HOPE SURE" = THUS GIVING "FULL ASSURANCE") until the end (WHAT TIME? OF YOUR LIFE OR THE END OF THIS PRESENT AGE.), so that (PURPOSE OF FULL ASSURANCE OF HOPE) you will not be sluggish, but (WHAT IS THE CONTRAST WITH SLUGGISH SAINTS?) imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises." In sum, may God's Spirit grant each of us the desire and power (cf Php 2:13NLT+) to imitate men like David, so that we might fully, experientially inherit the precious and magnificent promises (2Pe 1:4+) and every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places in Christ (Eph 1:3+). Amen and amen. David went up there, and his two wives also, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess and Abigail the widow of Nabal the Carmelite - David has packed his bags and is moving out to his new home in Hebron. Ahinoam the Jezreelitess was the mother of David’s first son, Amnon (2 Sa 3:2). 2 Samuel 2:3 And David brought up his men who were with him, each with his household; and they lived in the cities of Hebron. his men: 1Sa 22:2 27:2,3 30:1,9,10 1Ch 12:1-7 the cities: Jos 21:11,12 DAVID'S MEN FOLLOW FOLLOW IM TO HEBRON And David brought up his men who were with him, each with his household; and they lived in the cities of Hebron - David's men don't question his lead, but willingly follow him to their new home. David is clearly showing that he is becoming a leader of men, a good quality for any king to possess!
2 Samuel 2
Henry - Verses 8-17. The nation in general refused David. By this the Lord trained up his servant for future honour and usefulness; and the tendency of true godliness was shown in his behaviour while passing through various difficulties. David was herein a type of Christ, whom Israel would not submit to, though anointed of the Father to be a Prince and a Saviour to them. Abner meant, Let the young men fight before us, when he said, Let them play before us: fools thus make a mock at sin. But he is unworthy the name of a man, that can thus trifle with human blood. 2 Samuel 2:9 He made him king over Gilead, over the Ashurites, over Jezreel, over Ephraim, and over Benjamin, even over all Israel. Gilead: Nu 32:1-42 Jos 13:8-11 Ps 108:8 Ashurites: Ge 30:13 Nu 1:40 Jezreel: Jos 19:18 ABNER MAKES ISHBOSHETH KING He made him king over Gilead - Abner is openly defying God's will, as he was undoubtedly aware of that David was to be the next king. Gilead was on the eastern bank of Jordan, northeast of the Dead Sea. The Philistines controlled most of the area west of the Jordan. David's appeal to the men of Jabesh-Gilead was undercut by Abner's promotion of Ishbosheth as their king. Wiersbe makes an interesting observation and application - Abner had personal interest in the household of Saul since he was Saul’s cousin (1 Sam. 14:50). It was to his advantage to see Ishbosheth reign, but he was deliberately rebelling against God’s Word when he crowned him. God had made it very clear that David alone was to rule Israel. Perhaps Christians today are like the Jews of that day: we permit our King to reign over only a part of our lives, and the result is conflict and sorrow. (ED: WOE!) (Borrow Wiersbe's Expository Outlines on the Old Testament) Whenever we fail to submit to God’s will, we cause division and bring destruction (James 3:13–4:1+). --Warren Wiersbe Over the Ashurites, over Jezreel, over Ephraim, and over Benjamin, even over all Israel - So Abner was able to get all of Israel to submit to Ishbosheth as king, making David king over only Judah. NET Note - The Masoretic Text here reads “the Ashurite,” but this is problematic if it is taken to mean “the Assyrian.” Ish-bosheth’s kingdom obviously was not of such proportions as to extend to Assyria. The Syriac Peshitta renders the word as “the Geshurite,” while the Targum has “of the house of Ashur.” We should probably emend the Hebrew text to read “the Geshurite.” The Geshurites lived in the northeastern part of the land of Palestine. Walton - Abner had been Saul’s commander in chief and was his cousin. Rather than take the throne for himself, he procured it for one of Saul’s surviving sons, Ish-Bosheth. He appears to have retained the support of a number of the northern tribes. Though Ish-Bosheth was king, the text gives the impression that Abner was in control. It was not that unusual for a military strongman to sponsor a weak heir to the throne. I(see page 324 IVP Background Commentary-OT) 2 Samuel 2:10 Ish-bosheth, Saul's son, was forty years old when he became king over Israel, and he was king for two years. The house of Judah, however, followed David. two years: Sa 2:10 ISHBOSHETH REIGNS FOR TWO YEARS Ish-bosheth, Saul's son, was forty years old when he became king over Israel, and he was king for two years - The time of 2 years is difficult to correlate with David's 7.5 years. What happened to for 5.5 years to Ish-bosheth? Most writers feel that it took him 5.5 years to actually establish his reign which then lasted only 2 years. Ryrie for example says "The difference in lengths of reigns (Ish-bosheth, two years; David, 7 1/2 years) may be because Ish-bosheth did not take the throne immediately, but required five years to recover the northern territory from the Philistines. The house of Judah, however, followed David - David was from the tribe of Judah and they remained loyal to him.
2 Samuel 2
Henry - Verses 25-32. Abner appeals to Joab concerning the miserable consequences of a civil war. Those who make light of such unnatural contests, will find that they are bitterness to all concerned. How easy it is for men to use reason, when it makes for them, who would not use it, if it made against them! See how the issue of things alter men's minds! The same thing which looked pleasant in the morning, at night looked dismal. Those who are most forward to enter into contention, will repent before they have done with it, and had better leave it off before it be meddled with, as Solomon advises. This is true of every sin, oh that men would consider it in time, that it will be bitterness in the latter end! Asahel's funeral is here mentioned. Distinctions are made between the dust of some and that of others; but in the resurrection no difference will be made, but between the godly and ungodly, which will remain for ever. 2 Samuel 2:26 Then Abner called to Joab and said, "Shall the sword devour forever? Do you not know that it will be bitter in the end? How long will you refrain from telling the people to turn back from following their brothers?" BGT 2 Samuel 2:26 καὶ ἐκάλεσεν Αβεννηρ Ιωαβ καὶ εἶπεν μὴ εἰς νῖκος καταφάγεται ἡ ῥομφαία ἦ οὐκ οἶδας ὅτι πικρὰ ἔσται εἰς τὰ ἔσχατα καὶ ἕως πότε οὐ μὴ εἴπῃς τῷ λαῷ ἀναστρέφειν ἀπὸ ὄπισθεν τῶν ἀδελφῶν ἡμῶν LXE 2 Samuel 2:26 And Abenner called Joab, and said, Shall the sword devour perpetually? knowest thou not that it will be bitter at last? How long then wilt thou refuse to tell the people to turn from following our brethren? KJV 2 Samuel 2:26 Then Abner called to Joab, and said, Shall the sword devour for ever? knowest thou not that it will be bitterness in the latter end? how long shall it be then, ere thou bid the people return from following their brethren? NET 2 Samuel 2:26 Then Abner called out to Joab, "Must the sword devour forever? Don't you realize that this will turn bitter in the end? When will you tell the people to turn aside from pursuing their brothers?" CSB 2 Samuel 2:26 Then Abner called out to Joab: "Must the sword devour forever? Don't you realize this will only end in bitterness? How long before you tell the troops to stop pursuing their brothers?" ESV 2 Samuel 2:26 Then Abner called to Joab, "Shall the sword devour forever? Do you not know that the end will be bitter? How long will it be before you tell your people to turn from the pursuit of their brothers?" NIV 2 Samuel 2:26 Abner called out to Joab, "Must the sword devour forever? Don't you realize that this will end in bitterness? How long before you order your men to stop pursuing their brothers?" NLT 2 Samuel 2:26 Abner shouted down to Joab, "Must we always be killing each other? Don't you realize that bitterness is the only result? When will you call off your men from chasing their Israelite brothers?" Shall: 2Sa 2:14 Ac 7:26 sword: 2Sa 11:25 Isa 1:20 Jer 2:30 12:12 46:10,14 Ho 11:6 it will be: 2Sa 2:16 Pr 17:14 how long: Job 18:2 19:2 Ps 4:2 Jer 4:21 ABNER PROPOSES TRUCE Then Abner called to Joab and said, "Shall the sword devour forever? Do you not know that it will be bitter in the end? How long will you refrain from telling the people to turn back from following their brothers - NLT = "When will you call off your men from chasing their Israelite brothers?" Abner warns Joab of the pending destruction of the Israeli tribes. A truce was needed to avoid the awful consequences of a bitter civil war! Abner has three questions: 1. “Must the sword devour forever?” 2. “Don’t you realize that this will end in bitterness?” 3. “How long before you order your men to stop pursuing their brothers?”