Deuteronômio 2

Deuteronômio 2

Moses on Mt Nebo (Deuteronomy 34:1+) Listen to Mt Nebo as you Ponder How Moses' May Have Felt Deuteronomy by Irving Jensen- used by permission Source: Ryrie Study Bible Deuteronomy Dt 1:1-4:43 Dt 4:44-26:19 Dt 27:1-34:12 Moses' First Discourse Moses' Second Discourse Moses' Third Discourse Historical Review Legal Exposition Prophetical Promises Looking Back 40 Years Looking Up What God Expected of Israel Looking Ahead What God Will Do for Israel Recapitulation of Wanderings Rehearsal of Israel's Law Ratification of Israel's Covenant Historical Appendices Remembrance of the past Commandments for the Present Dt 27:1-30:20 Blessing and Cursing Dt 31:1-34:12 Death of Moses Take Heed Don't forget Ten Commands Related Commands Two Choices Affecting the Future Moses' Parting Words Dt 1:1-4:43 Looking Back Dt 4:44-11:32 Exposition of Decalogue Dt 12:1-16:17 Ceremonial Laws Dt 16:18-20:20 Civil Laws Dt 21:1-26:19 Social Laws Dt 27:1-28:68 Ratification of Covenant Dt 29:1-30:20 Terms of Covenant Dt 31:1-34:12 Moses' Song, Blessing, Death Plains of Moab ca. 2 Months Moses: Author (Except Dt 34) Deuteronomy 2:1 "Then we turned and set out for the wilderness by the way to the Red Sea, as the LORD spoke to me, and circled Mount Seir for many days. we turned: De 1:40 Nu 14:25 and circled Mount Seir: De 1:2 Nu 21:4 Judges 11:18 Click to see Multiple Bible Versions on this verse - to go to next verse click arrow (>>) at top of page Deuteronomy 2 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passage: Numbers 14:25 “Now the Amalekites and the Canaanites live in the valleys; turn (panah) tomorrow and set out to the wilderness by the way of the Red Sea.” Deuteronomy 1:40 ‘But as for you, turn around and set out for the wilderness by the way to the Red Sea.’ Circling Mount Seir NOW FOR THE REST OF THE STORY Remember that Moses is preaching to the second generation seeking to encourage them regarding their future entrance into the promised land. POSB - The second generation was soon to launch a campaign against the enemies of the promised land. They were to lay claim to the inheritance promised by God. Courage—strong courage—was needed. The people needed a strong determination and conviction that God would be present with them, guiding them all the way. Moses knew this; for that reason, he stressed the faithfulness of God. He preached and reminded the people of God's faithfulness. (Preacher's Outline & Sermon Bible – Deuteronomy) Then - This marks an advance in a sequence of events. Chapter 1 ends with an ignominious defeat and ineffective mourning and a command to head south to the wilderness. This is where Moses picks up the story. This departure from Kadesh (Qadesh Barnea) was not their second departure as recorded in Nu 20:22+ ("Now when they set out from Kadesh, the sons of Israel, the whole congregation, came to Mount Hor."), but is the first departure after rebelling against God in unbelief and refusing to enter the Promised Land. THEN occurs 117 times in Deuteronomy - Dt 1:16; Dt 1:19; Dt 1:22; Dt 1:25; Dt 1:29; Dt 1:34; Dt 1:41; Dt 1:45; Dt 2:1; Dt 2:9; Dt 2:32; Dt 3:1; Dt 3:18; Dt 3:20; Dt 4:12; Dt 4:41; Dt 5:1; Dt 5:25; Dt 5:27; Dt 6:10; Dt 6:12; Dt 6:21; Dt 7:2; Dt 7:4; Dt 7:12; Dt 8:14; Dt 9:6; Dt 9:9; Dt 9:12; Dt 9:23; Dt 10:5; Dt 10:11; Dt 11:23; Dt 12:11; Dt 12:20; Dt 12:21; Dt 13:11; Dt 13:14; Dt 13:16; Dt 14:25; Dt 15:9; Dt 15:12; Dt 15:17; Dt 16:10; Dt 17:4; Dt 17:5; Dt 17:8; Dt 17:13; Dt 18:7; Dt 19:9; Dt 19:12; Dt 19:17; Dt 19:19; Dt 20:8; Dt 20:11; Dt 20:12; Dt 21:2; Dt 21:5; Dt 21:12; Dt 21:14; Dt 21:16; Dt 21:19; Dt 21:21; Dt 22:2; Dt 22:13; Dt 22:15; Dt 22:21; Dt 22:22; Dt 22:24; Dt 22:25; Dt 22:29; Dt 23:10; Dt 23:24; Dt 23:25; Dt 24:4; Dt 24:7; Dt 25:2; Dt 25:7; Dt 25:8; Dt 25:9; Dt 25:12; Dt 26:1; Dt 26:4; Dt 26:7; Dt 26:12; Dt 27:1; Dt 27:9; Dt 27:14; Dt 28:53; Dt 28:59; Dt 28:62; Dt 29:21; Dt 29:25; Dt 30:3; Dt 30:9; Dt 31:7; Dt 31:10; Dt 31:14; Dt 31:17; Dt 31:20; Dt 31:21; Dt 31:23; Dt 31:27; Dt 31:30; Dt 32:15; Dt 32:20; Dt 32:44; Dt 32:50; Dt 33:21; Dt 34:4; Dt 34:8 We turned - The verb turned (Hebrew - panah; Lxx = epistrepho) means to turn and head in a particular direction and is repeated in Dt 2:3. In this context it is a divinely commanded change of direction from the blessed life in the Promised Land to their promised wilderness graves (Nu 14:33). It is fascinating that the verb turned is often used of turning in a spiritual sense. It is almost never used of turning to God, but most often of turning from God as in Dt 29:18 (also turning to idols Lev 19:4, Dt 31:18, 20, Hos 3:1; to one's own fleshly way Isa 53:6, to mediums or spiritists Lev 19:31). It is apropos here for Israel in effect "turned their back" on God's promised land and blessed lives and instead were to journey in a wilderness land in which they would lose their lives! Don't despise God's promises beloved! THOUGHT - So while Israel was physically turned by God to the wilderness, spiritually speaking this punishment was because their hearts had been turned away from God and His good and acceptable and perfect will for them to enter into the Promised Land. Is this not a picture of all of us beloved? We are either going with God and His will for our lives or we are turning toward the (spiritual) wilderness (for every place without God is in a sense a "wilderness"!). The message? Trust and obey for there's no other way to be happy in Jesus then to trust and obey. Turned (turned back, to face, to look) (06437) panah means basically to turn, usually physically turning (first use - Ge 18:22, Ex 7:23, 10:6, 32:15), but it has a number of meanings depending on the context. Vine has "to turn towards, turn back, turn around (Dt 1:40, 2:1, Dt 9:15) Panah is the Hebrew word the Spirit of God used to save Charles Haddon Spurgeon (see his testimony) when on a cold, winter day his heart was warmed by the command. “Turn (epistrepho) to Me and be saved, (sozo) all the ends of the earth; For I am God, and there is no other. (Isa 45:22) Panah in Deuteronomy - Deut. 1:7; Deut. 1:24; Deut. 1:40; Deut. 2:1; Deut. 2:3; Deut. 2:8; Deut. 3:1; Deut. 9:15; Deut. 9:27; Deut. 10:5; Deut. 16:7; Deut. 23:11; Deut. 29:18; Deut. 30:17; Deut. 31:18; Deut. 31:20 John Maxwell - Then we turned and journeyed into the wilderness” (Dt 2:1). This is one of the saddest statements in the Bible. Dreams are dashed as the people turn their backs on the Land of Promise. A vision vanishes as their leader Moses turns with them. Notice in Deuteronomy 1:43–46 the continual use of the second person “you.” Chapter 2 opens with the first person “we.” Moses did not take part in Israel’s rebellion against God, but now, as their leader, he must walk with them into the wilderness. This section of Scripture fills the reader with two emotions. First, there is a sense of waste. A goal—the Promised Land—and a generation of warriors is lost. The saddest words ever penned are these: “What might have been.” Now the children of Israel turn away from a dream to die. In one of his songs, singer-songwriter Mac Davis said, “There is nothing to do but bury a man when his dreams are gone.” That could have been said of the Israelites. Men who were skilled warriors were walking in land they could not even possess (Dt 2:5, 9). Instead of living in a land that flowed with milk and honey they were wandering in a desert where they had to buy food and water from the residents of the land (v. 6). The hand of the Lord which was to have destroyed the enemy in Canaan was instead destroying the people of promise (Dt 2:14–15). What a terrible waste! Elton Trueblood summarized this story in one sentence: “To make your life small when it could be great is sin and heresy.” These people wandering in the wilderness are like the unfinished statues sculpted by Michelangelo. Of the forty-four he attempted, only fourteen were completed. Those statues that were completed, such as Moses, The Pietà, and David have become famous. But the thirty he did not finish are interesting too. You can see some of them in a museum in Florence, Italy—huge chunks of marble from which he sculpted only an elbow or the beginning of a wrist. One shows the leg, the thigh, the knee, the calf, the foot, even the toes. But the rest of the body is locked in stone; it will never come out. Another reveals a head and shoulders, but the arms and hands are still frozen inside. Is this not also what happened to Moses and his people? They lived and died without ever coming out of themselves. They never realized the potential hidden within. There is a charming little story about a Japanese artist who painted a picture on a fairly large canvas. Down in one corner of the canvas was a tree and on its limbs were some birds. But the rest of the canvas was bare. When the artist was asked if he was going to paint something more to fill the rest of the canvas, he replied, “Oh no, I have to leave room for the birds to fly.” The canvas of the wilderness leaves no room for the descendants of Abraham to “fly.” They can only wait. They will circle but not soar; they will sit but not sing. They are in a holding pattern. Though God equipped them to be eagles, they will not use their wings. There is no room in the wilderness. And set out for the wilderness by the way to the Red Sea, as the LORD spoke to me - After Israel had "remained in Kadesh many days," they finally obey the command in Dt 1:40+ (cf Nu 14:25+) to "turn around and set out for the wilderness." They disobeyed going into the Promised Land, but now obey leaving. This Red Sea is not the same sea Israel crossed in their deliverance from Egypt but is most likely the region of the Gulf of Aqaba, depicted in the map above as the tongue of water extending north from the "Red Sea". (See Utley's topic - The Red Sea) Don't miss this point that even though the people have rebelled, God still speaks to them and is concerned for their welfare. THOUGHT - One might ask why would they disobey the command to go into the Land of Milk and Honey and then later obey the command to go into the great and terrible wilderness (Dt 1:19+)? I would propose it because they were soundly thrashed by the Amorites who chased them like a swarm of bees! God allowed them to go into the Promised Land after disobedience that they might learn the consequences of disobeying the Lord (they had already been told one consequence was that they would not be allowed to enter the Promised Land, but they would only experience this over the next 38 years). On the other hand, they would immediately experience the consequence of disobeying God and trying to take the Promised Land in their own strength. SOME OF US ARE SLOW LEARNERS. If God is disciplining you for some sin in which you continually obey, rest assured you will continually experience divinely allowed or sent consequences (which may vary in intensity). Israel seems to have learned the hard way and when commanded to "GO SOUTH" they obeyed as described in this passage. John Grant - The comment of Moses, when speaking to the tribes who did not wish to cross the Jordan, should be noted: "And the Lord's anger was kindled against Israel, and he made them wander in the wilderness forty years" (Nu 32:13+). Even although the Shekinah glory cloud would still be guiding them, they would be "wandering", not in the sense that they had lost their way but rather that they were not travelling to their goal. Note, however, that even in their disobedience the Lord had not abandoned them, but continued to guide (ED: ALSO TO PROVIDE & PROTECT - MANNA, SANDALS DID NOT WEAR OUT, NO COMPLAINTS THAT THERE WAS NO WATER). The path on which they had embarked would not be pleasant but, under the direction of the Lord, it would lead to blessing for the nation, even though the generation that refused Canaan would not enter into it. Once again it is noticeable the Moses did not dwell on their failure. (What the Bible Teaches) And circled Mount Seir for many days - NET has "detouring around Mt Seir for a long time." The Mount Seir mentioned here is different from Seir itself (Dt 2:4), which is called Edom for during their 38 years of wandering (see Dt 2:14+), the Israelites did not enter Edom. Some propose that Israel used Kadesh as a base (it was well supplied with oases and pastureland). The phrase for many days describes Israel's 38 years in the wilderness having begun their "punishment" from Kadesh-Barnea and ending up in Kadesh-Barnea (Nu 20:1+). One writer calls this the period of the "anti-Exodus." Moses gives only a few details of the wasted wilderness wandering. See the notes below on this time described primarily in Numbers 15 to 20). Note that it is clear that God’s was leading the Israelites along a circuitous route around Mount Seir which is a reminder of His covenant faithfulness as He provided and protected His people on their way to the Promised Land in spite of their disobedience. He would assure that the second generation made it safely to the edge of the Promised Land. A B Simpson - The wandering in the wilderness is even sadder. This is, if possible, still more sad. A single verse completes the history of 3 million people for 38 years. “Then we turned back and set out toward the desert along the route to the Red Sea, as the LORD had directed me. For a long time we made our way around the hill country of Seir” (Dt 2:1). What a mournful picture; still more desolate as the speaker draws it out into days rather than years. Oh! how long and dreary they must have seemed to him in retrospect. Nearly 14,000 days of useless ineffectual wandering, and that when he himself was nearly 80 years old, and was wasting the last 38 years of his already almost finished life in this dreary land. In the 90th Psalm he has given us some conception of those scenes: “All our days pass away under your wrath;/ we finish our years with a moan” (Ps 90:9). Day by day and year by year he saw them fading before his eyes. Fathers and mothers wandered in the burning sands with their thirsty little ones, and saw one and another of their neighbors faint and sink amid the sands, gasp out their lives, and leave their bones to whiten in the desert, and they knew that soon their turn would come; for them there was no prospect but death. Oh! how vivid a picture it is of the emptiness and failure of the Christian life which hesitates wholly to follow the Lord and to enter into the fullness of our inheritance. There will be very little history for many lives. One single verse in the book of Numbers (Nu 33:37) tells the story of most of the 40 years as we have already seen in that book. This very verse is the sole memorial, in the address of Moses, of that melancholy time from which his thoughts would gladly turn away. It is a chapter from the annals of eternity, and such awful blanks will meet many of us, it is to be feared, when we come face to face with the issues of life and the books of the judgment. Simpson's comment makes me think of a song by Robin Mark which poignantly speaks to how we have lived our lives -- have we lived them wandering in the wilderness or have we lived them for Him -- it will make all the difference in eternity! Play the song, but use the time to ponder your life (and what's left to redeem!)... When It's All Been Said and Done When it's all been said and done There is just one thing that matters Did I do my best to live for truth? Did I live my life for you? When it's all been said and done All my treasures will mean nothing Only what I have done For love's rewards Will stand the test of time Lord, your mercy is so great That you look beyond our weakness That you found purest gold in miry clay Turning sinners into saints I will always sing your praise Here on earth and in heaven after For you've joined me at my true home When it's all been said and done You're my life when life is gone. Corresponds to Events Described in Nu 21 (Click to Enlarge) (Source: NIV Study Bible-Fully Revised - Recommended Resource) SUMMARY OF THE "WASTED" WILDERNESS YEARS Here is another map of the possible routes of the Exodus...I favor the "dotted route" just to the east of the King's Highway (but clearly one must avoid being dogmatic).... (Source: Bible Knowledge Commentary) Most commentaries note that it is very difficult to be absolutely certain about Israel's itinerary during the 38 years of wilderness wandering. The following notes are an attempt fill in some of the details by correlating with the related passages in Numbers. If we compare Deut 2:1 with passages in Numbers, we see that after Israel's rebellion at Kadesh-Barnea described in Numbers 13-14, God judged the first generation and commanded them to "turn around (INSTEAD OF GOING NORTH INTO PROMISED LAND, GO SOUTH) and set out for the wilderness by the way to the Red Sea (THE REGION OF THE GULF OF AQABA - See map above) (Dt 1:40+) Deuteronomy 1 ends with Moses' statement that the nation "remained in Kadesh many days." (Dt 1:46+). And "THEN" (SEE THEN) in Dt 2:1 they (Israel) obeyed God's command and "turned and set out for the wilderness by the way to the Red Sea (THE REGION OF THE GULF OF AQABA - See map above). These 38 years are succinctly summarized by Moses with the description that Israel "circled Mount Seir for many days." Now if we compare this statement with the book of Numbers it is clear that after the rebellion in Numbers 13-14 Moses gave very few details regarding the 38 years of "circling" Mount Seir. Here is what we know about those "lost years" in the wilderness -- In Numbers 15:1-41+ Moses reviews the covenant laws (which the second generation would need to know and obey when they entered the Promised Land). In Numbers 16:1-50+ Moses described the rebellion and destruction of Korah (Nu 16:28-33), the death of 240 men offering incense (Nu 16:35), and the death of 14,700 in plague who rebelled the day after Korah was killed (Nu 16:41-48, 49) (the exact place and timing during the 38 year wilderness time is not given). In Numbers 17:1-13+ Moses described the vindication of Aaron as the legitimate high priest (only Aaron's rod budded). In Numbers 18:1-32+ Moses recorded rules, roles and privileges of the priests and Levites (which would also be important when the second generation entered the Promised Land). In Numbers 19:1-22+ Moses recorded the purification (see Red Heifer) which was especially relevant during the 38 years when people were dying every day and touching a corpse made one unclean! In Numbers 20:1-29+ the 38 years of wilderness wandering is coming to an end, Mariam died and the nation ended up back at Kadesh (Nu 20:1+) which is where they had originally rebelled (Nu 13:26+). The first generation had almost completely died. But (like father, like son) now the second generation has a "no water rebellion" described in Nu 20:2-13+ (first generation's "no water rebellions was ~40 years prior as described in Ex 17:1-7+ - apparently God subsequently provided water for 38 years in their wilderness wandering) but at this second no water test Moses also disobeyed God's instructions resulting in God's punishing him by not allowing him to enter the Promised Land. It was also at this time that Moses asked the king of Edom if Israel would go through their land on the way to an eastern entrance (east of Jordan River) to the Promised Land, but Edom refused (Nu 20:18, 20+). Finally in Nu 20:22-29+ we see Aaron's death at Mount Hor. Brueggemann The unstated year must be the fortieth (ED: 40th since leaving Egypt, 38 years of wilderness wandering), since the summary of Israel's itinerary places Kadesh right before the stop where Aaron died in the fifth month of the fortieth year (Nu 33:38). (Numbers Commentary) Numbers 21:1-35+ describes Israel near Mt Hor (where Aaron died -see Nu 20:22-23+) which is in the vicinity of Kadesh-Barnea (See this map). From the region of Hor (Mount Hor was by the border of the land of Edom - locate this on the map) Israel won a victory over Arad (see map - just west of Dead Sea) and Hormah (see just west of Arad) (see Nu 21:1-3+, a total reversal of their previous defeat 38 years earlier - Nu 14:45+). Then Israel goes back to Kadesh near Hor which is just east of Kadesh and from there "they set out from Mount Hor by the way of the Red Sea, to go around the land of Edom; and the people became impatient because of the journey." (Nu 21:4+). It would appear that at this time God spoke to Moses (Dt 2:1) "Then they set out southward from Mount Hor (see map) by the way of the Red Sea (see map most probably to Ezion Geber just north of the Gulf of Aqaba). At some point not which is not exactly clear from the text God tells Moses You have circled this mountain long enough. Now turn north,. (Dt 2:3+) From there Israel goes around the land of Edom (See this route depicted in map with the orange line on the eastern side of Edom and east of the King's Highway) (see Dt 2:4-7+) At some point (exact time and location uncertain) "the people (became impatient because of the journey." (Nu 21:4+) This led to God's judgment and the episode of the bronze serpent (Nu 21:5-9+) As Israel came closer to Moab (Nu 21:20+) they engaged and defeated Sihon king of the Amorites and Og king of Bashan (Nu 21:22-35+). Numbers 22:1+ "Then (AFTER DEFEAT OF Sihon AND Og) the sons of Israel journeyed, and camped in the plains of Moab (see map beyond the Jordan opposite Jericho." This is where Moses gave his discourses to the second generation of Israel to prepare them to enter the Promised Land. The first generation had completely perished (Dt 2:14-16+). Bob