Deuteronômio 1

Deuteronômio 1

Moses on Mt Nebo (Deuteronomy 34:1+) Listen to Mt Nebo as you Ponder How Moses' May Have Felt Deuteronomy by Irving Jensen- used by permission Source: Ryrie Study Bible Deuteronomy Dt 1:1-4:43 Dt 4:44-26:19 Dt 27:1-34:12 Moses' First Discourse Moses' Second Discourse Moses' Third Discourse Historical Review Legal Exposition Prophetical Promises Looking Back 40 Years Looking Up What God Expected of Israel Looking Ahead What God Will Do for Israel Recapitulation of Wanderings Rehearsal of Israel's Law Ratification of Israel's Covenant Historical Appendices Remembrance of the past Commandments for the Present Dt 27:1-30:20 Blessing and Cursing Dt 31:1-34:12 Death of Moses Take Heed Don't forget Ten Commands Related Commands Two Choices Affecting the Future Moses' Parting Words Dt 1:1-4:43 Looking Back Dt 4:44-11:32 Exposition of Decalogue Dt 12:1-16:17 Ceremonial Laws Dt 16:18-20:20 Civil Laws Dt 21:1-26:19 Social Laws Dt 27:1-28:68 Ratification of Covenant Dt 29:1-30:20 Terms of Covenant Dt 31:1-34:12 Moses' Song, Blessing, Death Plains of Moab ca. 2 Months Moses: Author (Except Dt 34) Key Words (NAS95): Heart (49x/45v), Love (24x/23v), Listen (31x/31v), Obey/obedient (15x), Observe (26x), Keep (32x/30v), Purge (remove) the evil (10x/10v), Remember (15x), Forget/forgotten (13x), Command (-ed, -ment, -ments) (127x, 98v), Covenant (27x/26v), Bless/blessed/blessing (50x/45v), Life (19x/15v), Curse(s)/cursed/cursing (34x/32v), Death (23x/19v), Fear (25x/25v), Carefully (8x), Shall not (128x/116v), LORD spoke (9x), LORD will (34x/34v), LORD your God (279x/239v), Lord our God (22x/21v), Nation(s) (46x/41v), Circumcise (Dt 10:16, Dt 30:6). Jesus quoted from Deuteronomy three times in His temptation in the wilderness [Mat 4:1-11; Dt 8:3; Dt 6:16; Dt 6:13,14; also Dt 10:20]. Key Verses: Dt 6:5+ - "You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might." Dt 7:9+ - "Know therefore that the LORD your God, He is God, the faithful God, who keeps His covenant and His lovingkindness to a thousandth generation with those who love Him and keep His commandments." Henrietta Mears writes that "You will come to appreciate the full force & magnetic beauty of Deuteronomy only as you read its pages....Nothing in literature matches the majesty of its eloquence. Nothing in the OT has any more powerful appeal for the spiritual life. No book in all the Word of God pictures better the life that is lived according to God's will & the blessings showered upon the soul who comes into the richness & fullness of spiritual living along the rugged pathway of simple obedience...If you want a taste of heaven on earth, become familiar with Deuteronomy." (What the Bible is All About) J Sidlow Baxter - The Hebrew name for this fifth writing of Moses was Haddebharim, that is, "the Words" - this name being taken from the opening verse of the book: "these be the words which Moses spake unto all Israel on this side Jordan in the wilderness ..." This name sufficiently marks off its special character from the more definitely historical and legislative books which have preceded it. The history and legislation of the earlier books are reviewed in Deuteronomy, but only as the basis for the words of admonition which are now recorded. In the truest, deepest, and profoundest sense, Deuteronomy is a book of words; for never were wiser or weightier words uttered. Our own title, "Deuteronomy," is taken from the Greek, deuteros (second) and nomos (law) - the title which the Septuagint (Lxx) translators gave to the book when they translated the Old Testament into Greek, somewhere about the third century B.C. In Deuteronomy we have a second giving of the Law, or, rather, a new expounding of it to the new generation of Israel who had grown up in the wilderness and were needing to have the Law repeated and expounded to them before their entering into Canaan. Deuteronomy is not the giving of a new Law, but an explication of that which was already given. A Book of Transition - Deuteronomy is a book of transition. It marks a transition in a fourfold way. First, it marks the transition to a new generation; for with the exception of Caleb and Joshua, and Moses himself, the old generation which came up from Egypt and was numbered at Sinai, had passed away, and a new generation had grown up. Second, it marks the transition to a new possession. The wilderness pilgrimage was to give place to the national occupancy of Canaan. Third, it marks the transition to a new experience, to a new life - houses instead of tents, settled habitation instead of wandering, and, instead of the wilderness diet, the milk and honey and corn and wine of Canaan. Fourth, it marks the transition to a new revelation of God - the revelation of His love. From Genesis to Numbers the love of God is never spoken of but here, in Deuteronomy, we have the wonderful words: "Because He loved thy fathers, therefore He chose their seed" (Dt 4:37); "the Lord did not set His love upon you, nor choose you because ye were more in number than any people, for ye were the fewest of all people; but because the Lord loved you" (Dt 7:7-8); "the Lord had a delight in thy fathers to love them" (Dt 10:15); "the Lord thy God turned the curse into a blessing unto thee, because the Lord thy God loved thee" (Dt 23:5). While speaking of the transitionary nature of Deuteronomy, it is interesting to mention that just as the Old Testament begins with five historical books - Genesis to Deuteronomy, so the New Testament begins with five historical books - Matthew to Acts; and there is a striking parallel between The Acts of the Apostles, the fifth book of the New Testament, and Deuteronomy, the fifth book of the Old. The Acts, like Deuteronomy, marks a great transition. It marks the transition from the distinctive message of the "Gospels" to that of the epistles. Like Deuteronomy, it marks the transition to a new generation - a re-generation in Christ. Like Deuteronomy, it marks the transition to a new possession - a spiritual Canaan with "all blessings in the heavenlies, in Christ." Like Deuteronomy, it marks the transition to a new experience - a new birth, a new life, a new dynamic, in the Holy Spirit. Like Deuteronomy, it marks the transition to a new revelation of God - the revelation given in the Church epistles of "the mystery which from the beginning of the world hath been hid in God," namely, the Church; so that now "there might be known, by the Church, the manifold wisdom of God" (Eph 3:10). But what is equally striking is that both Deuteronomy, the fifth book of the one group, and Acts, the fifth book of the other group, are books in which God gives His people a second chance. What is Deuteronomy? It is deuteros nomos, the second giving of the Law. Before the new generation is committed to Joshua's charge, Moses, at God's command, rehearses the Law to them. What is the book of the Acts? It is the second offer of the Kingdom of Heaven to the Jews, first at the capital, to the Jews of the homeland, and then through the empire, to the Jews of the dispersion. Of this we shall say more later; but it is well to have it in find even now. (Explore the Book- J. Sidlow Baxter - recommended) Paul Van Gorder - If we were to write one word across this book to state its theme, it would be ''obedience.'' The significant promise and ominous warning are seen in Deuteronomy 11:26-28, which sums it all up. The book of Deuteronomy may be comfortably divided according to the addresses of Moses. Deuteronomy shows with unmistakable clarity the inflexibility of the law and the necessity of complete subjection to the Word of God. As Romans 3:19 declares, ''Now we know that whatever things the law saith, it saith to them who are under the law, that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God.'' Christ is the fulfillment of the law. He is the only Israelite to obey God totally in the promised land. He alone kept the letter of the code that was set forth in Deuteronomy. The Lord Jesus quoted from Deuteronomy three times in His temptation in the wilderness [cp. Mat 4:1-11; Deu 8:3; 6:16; 6:13,14; also 10:20]. Surely, a book so valuable to the Savior in such a time must also be valuable to us! But where do you find Christ pictured in the book of Deuteronomy? Ada Habershon in The Study of Types lists 67 types and 13 contrasts between Moses and Christ. The Lord Jesus is seen in a twofold way in the book of Deuteronomy: by prophecy and by type. These words of Moses are recorded in Deuteronomy 18:15, ''The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto Him ye shall hearken.'' After the Lord Jesus fed the 5,000 in Galilee, the people said, ''This is of a truth that prophet that should come into the world'' (John 6:14). Shortly before the stones were hurled that crushed out the life of Stephen, that godly believer [quoted Moses] about Jesus. ''This is that Moses who said unto the children of Israel, A Prophet shall the Lord, your God, raise up unto you of your brethren, like me; Him shall ye hear'' (Acts 7:37). Stephen indicated that Jesus Christ is the One of whom Moses spoke. Christ Pictured in the Life of Moses-- The Scripture says that our Lord was a prophet ''like unto Moses.'' Please consider the following points as you study Deuteronomy. -- Both Moses and Christ... (1) were goodly children [Ex 2:2; Heb 11:23; Luke 2:52]. (2) refused a kingdom (Heb 11:26a) [Mat 4:8-10]. (3) were the object of a king's wrath [Heb 11:27; Acts 4:27]. (4) acted for the joy of the reward [Heb 11:26b] (Heb 12:2). (5) were called out of Egypt [Mat 2:13-15]. (6) were rejected at first by their brethren [Ex 2:14; John 1:11] (7) made the sea obey them [Ex 14:15,16,21; Mark 4:39-41]. (8) had people who wanted to stone them [Num 14:8-10; John 10:31-33]. (9)delivered a parting blessing to Israel [Dt 33:26-29; Mat 23:37-39] (10)had their resurrection contested (Jude 1:9; Mat 17:3; 28:12-18). (11) [are] associated in the song of eternity (Rev 15:3). Van Gorder goes on to write - "we see striking similarities to the death and resurrection of our Lord. (1) Moses went up to die (Dt 34:1). Christ ascended to Calvary [John 19:17,18]. (2) Moses was alone, except for God (Dt 34:6). Christ's followers forsook Him [Mat 26:56]. (3) The Lord talked to him (T 34:4) [Heb 1:8-12]. (4) Moses' faculties were unimpaired (Dt 34:7). Christ remained in control until His death [John 10:17,18] (5) What a funeral! Moses died ''according to the word of the Lord'' (34:5); literally, ''at the mouth of the Lord.'' Christ dismissed His own spirit when the work was completed [Mat 27:50; Jn 19:28-30]. (6) This is not the last we see of Moses. He stood with Christ and Elijah on the mount of transfiguration, 1500 years later [Mat 17:1-3]. Evidently, the devil tried to hold the body of Moses so that he could not appear with the Lord Jesus (Jude 1:9). Death could not hold our Savior [Acts 2:24]. (OT Reflections of Christ - Deuteronomy) THE PENTATEUCH SUMMARIZED BOOK KEY IDEA THE NATION THE PEOPLE GOD'S CHARACTER GOD'S ROLE GOD'S COMMAND Genesis Beginnings Ruin Chosen Prepared Powerful Sovereign Creator "Let there be!" Exodus Redemption Delivered Redeemed Merciful Deliverer "Let My people go!" Leviticus Worship Set Apart Taught Holy Sanctifier "Be Holy!" Numbers Wandering Directed Tested Just Sustainer "Go in!" Deuteronomy Renewed Covenant Made Ready Retaught Loving Lord Rewarder "Obey!" Source:Talk Thru the Bible Remembrances of the Past (Deuteronomy 1:1-4:43) Jensen's Survey of Deuteronomy scroll to p311 Deuteronomy 1:1 These are the words which Moses spoke to all Israel across the Jordan in the wilderness, in the Arabah opposite Suph, between Paran and Tophel and Laban and Hazeroth and Dizahab. across the Jordan: Nu 32:5,19,32 34:15 35:14 Jos 9:1,10 22:4,7 De 33:2 Ge 21:21 Nu 10:12 12:16 13:3,26 1Sa 25:1 Hab 3:3 Hazeroth: Nu 11:35 33:17,18 Click to see Multiple Bible Versions on this verse - to go to next verse click arrow (>>) at top of page Background - John MacArthur Introduction to Deuteronomy - Author, Date, Background Background - Chuck Swindoll's Introduction to Deuteronomy - Listen to his overview of Deuteronomy Deuteronomy 1 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries MOSES’ FIRST DISCOURSE—APPROACHING THE LAND (Chaps. 1–4) Deuteronomy 1:1-5 Introduction Deuteronomy 1:6–46 describes the journey from Horeb to Kadesh. Deuteronomy 2 continues from Kadesh to Heshbon. Deuteronomy 3 describes the conquering of Transjordan. Deuteronomy 4 is Moses' exhortation to obedience. MOSES’ SECOND DISCOURSE—PURITY IN THE LAND (Chaps. 5–28) MOSES’ THIRD DISCOURSE—COVENANT FOR THE LAND (Chaps. 29, 30) MOSES’ LAST DAYS—DEATH OUTSIDE THE LAND (Chaps. 31–34) Moses 3 Sermons in Deuteronomy Here is a simple outline of Deuteronomy Deuteronomy 1-4 Looking Back – Review of 40 yr. • Spies sent – Deut 1:19-41 • Wanderings & Defeat of Sihon the Amorite, king – Deut 2 • Defeat of Og, Land division, Moses forbidden to enter – Deut 3 • Obedience Commanded, Love the Lord – Deut 4 The intent and purpose of the law (Deuteronomy 4:1-8) A review of the giving of the law (Deuteronomy 4:9-14) An exhortation to proper conduct (Deuteronomy 4:15-24) The prediction of dispersion (Deuteronomy 4:25-31) The privilege of the chosen people (Deuteronomy 4:32-40) The selection of the cities of refuge (Deuteronomy 4:41-43) (J. Hannah) Deuteronomy 4:44 through Deuteronomy 26 Looking Up – What God Expects (Review of the Law) • Commandments, feasts Deuteronomy 27-34 Looking Ahead – What God Will Do • Blessings & Curses Here is another division of Deuteronomy based on the introduction to each section: Deut 1:1. “These are the words”— The Past (Deut 1–4) Deut 4:44. “This is the law”— The Ten Commandments (Deut 5) Deut 6:1. “This is the commandment, the statues and the judgments”— Laws for the Present (Deut 6–28) Deut 29:1. “These are the words of the covenant”— The Future Covenant Renewal (Deut 29–32) Deut 33:1. “This is the blessing”— Blessing for the Future (Deut 33–34) Route of Israel from Gulf of Aqabah to East of Jordan (Source: NIVSB) THOUGHT - As you read and study Deuteronomy keep the NT passages below in mind and you can be assured your time in this wonderful Old Testament book will be fruitful and practical... Romans 15:4-6+ For whatever was written in earlier times (aka the OLD TESTAMENT) was written for our instruction (didaskalia), so that (hina - see purpose clauses) through perseverance (hupomone - pray for it - God gives it as an answer to prayer see Ro 15:5 and Col 1:9-11+ especially Col 1:11) and the encouragement (paraklesis - HOLY SPIRIT IS OUR parakletos > PARACLETE) of [drawn from] the Scriptures we might have (present tense - as our lifestyle, continually have) hope (elpis - not "hope so" but "hope sure" = absolute assurance God will do good to us in the future!). 5 Now may the God who gives perseverance ((hupomone) and encouragement (paraklesis) grant you to be of the same mind with one another according to Christ Jesus, 6 so that (hina - see purpose clauses) with one accord you may with one voice glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. 1 Corinthians 10:6+ Now these things (OLD TESTAMENT) happened as examples for us, so that we would not crave evil things as they also craved (ARE YOU CRAVING ANYTHING OTHER THAN GOD AND HIS RIGHTEOUSNESS, HOLINESS, GODLINESS?) 1 Corinthians 10:11+ Now these things (OLD TESTAMENT) happened to them as an example, and they were written for our instruction, upon whom the ends of the ages have come. James Gray in his introduction to Deuteronomy notes that "A secondary name for Deuteronomy might be “The book of review.” The word comes from two other Greek words, deuter, which means “the second,” and nomos, “law,” the second law, or the repetition of the law. And yet your reading of the book has made it clear that it is more than a repetition of the law. In the first place, it repeats, or reviews, the history of the previous journeyings, and when it comes to renewing the law it adds certain things not mentioned previously (Deuteronomy 29:1). Compared with the other books also, it is characterized by a rather warm and oratorical style, and is more spiritual and ethical in its tone. The one great lesson it contains is that of obedience grounded on a known and recognized relationship to God through redemption." (Synthetic Bible Studies) J