Êxodo 16

Êxodo 16

Irving Jensen (Online) - Used by Permission View Chuck Swindoll's chart of Exodus, Summary Chart of The Book of Exodus DELIVERANCE FROM OPPRESSION PREPARATION FOR WORSHIP Redemption from Egypt Ex 1:1-18:27 Revelation from God Ex 19:1-40:38 Getting Israel Out of Egypt Getting Egypt Out of Israel! Narration Legislation Birth of Moses Ex 1-2 Call of Moses Ex 3-6 Conflict with Pharaoh Ex 7-10 Exodus from Egypt Ex 11-12 Red Sea Crossed Ex 13-15 Journey To Sinai Ex 16-18 Law Given Ex 19-24 Tent Plan Ex 25-31 Idol Worship Ex 32-34 Tent Built Ex 35-40 Subjection Redemption Instruction Suffering and Liberation of People of God Guidance of God Worship of God Moses and Burdens of Israel Pharaoh and Plagues Upon Egypt Red Sea Deliverance Wilderness Provision Sinai Instructions Bondage and Oppression Deliverance and Provision Law Pattern and Construction Israel in Egypt Ex 1:1-13:16 Israel to Sinai Ex 13:17-18:27 Israel at Sinai Ex 19:1-40:38 God's People Enduring Bondage God's Grace Revealed in Redemption God's Glory Manifested in Worship Egypt 430 Years (15% of Exodus) Wilderness 2 Months (30% of Exodus) Mt Sinai 10 Months (55% of Exodus) From Groaning To Glory! Jensen's Survey of the Old Testament - online Click for Excellent Map of Route of the Exodus Click another Exodus from Egypt Click for Events during the Sojourn at Kadesh-Barnea GENESIS EXODUS human effort and failure divine power and triumph word of promise work of fulfillment a people chosen a people called God’s electing mercy God’s electing manner revelation of nationality realization of nationality SUMMARY OF THE PENTATEUCH (from Believer's Study Bible) Exodus 16:1 Then they set out from Elim, and all the congregation of the sons of Israel came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after their departure from the land of Egypt. Then they set out - Ex 15:27 Nu 33:10-12 Ex 17:1 Nu 33:12 Eze 30:15,16 Exodus 16 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Wilderness of Sin (See Red Marker) Then they set out from Elim - Then marks progression in their journey. From the plentiful supply of 12 springs and 70 date palms they travel to the wilderness of Sin Currid points out that "According to Numbers 33:10, after the Hebrews left Elim they then returned to camp by the yăm sûph (Red Sea). In other words, the people had passed through the Red Sea, had encamped at Marah and Elim, and now they set up camp at a more southerly place next to the Red Sea. (EPSC-Ex) and all the congregation of the sons of Israel came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai - Wilderness of Sin” has nothing to do with sin. See possible location on map above. Most observers feel Sin was located to the South and South-East of Elim (as shown on the map).. We read in Ex 17:1 "Then all the congregation of the sons of Israel journeyed by stages from the wilderness of Sin, according to the command of the LORD, and camped at Rephidim (SHOWN ON MAP FURTHER SOUTH), and there was no water for the people to drink." THOUGHT - While the name Wilderness of Sin has no specific moral meaning, as it turned out, the location had a lot to do with the sin of grumbling! On the fifteenth day of the second month after their departure from the land of Egypt - This is right at one month after leaving Egypt, since they left on the fifteenth of the previous month (see Exodus 12:6, 18, 31). Kaiser adds that "Since Numbers 33:5–11 mentions only seven places of encampment and only one journey of three days’ duration (Exod 15:22), it is evident that either Israel stayed at several of these places for a number of days or that they camped in a number of other unmentioned places or areas without distinctive names." (EBC) John Currid - In the final verse of that chapter (Ex 15:27) we viewed a people who must have been quite content at the site of Elim, where there were twelve springs and seventy date palms. All was well with Israel—or was it? Unfortunately, the writer brings us back to the refrain of the wanderings—the faithlessness of Israel. The Israelites move from a period of ecstatic joy (at the Red Sea) to a phase of unbelief, grumbling and murmuring (at Marah). What was it that brought the Hebrews to so great a depression in so little time? They were living by sight, and not by faith. At Marah they ran into a material problem, and they responded unfaithfully. But, again, let us not judge them too harshly, because—oh, how like the Israelites we are! Phillip Ryken - Whining was Israel’s besetting sin. It started when Moses first went to Pharaoh and the Israelites complained that he was making their job harder instead of easier. They grumbled at the Red Sea, where they accused Moses of bringing them out to die in the desert. They were even more bitter at Marah, but the complaining didn’t stop there. The Israelites wandered for forty years, and they grumbled their way through most of it. By the time they reached the Desert of Sin, they were an entire nation of malcontents. (PW-Ex) ILLUSTRATION - Start with a basic two-door sedan loaded with luggage for a vacation trip. Add a father, mother, and three children under the age of ten. Aim the car at an objective that is 500 miles down the road. After 350 miles have passed, examine the scene. What is the condition of what has become a traveling circus? Pretty discouraging? Now, magnify that situation thousands of times over, move it back some 3,500 years, eliminate the automobile, and you will begin to understand Moses’ predicament in Exodus 16. The thrill of freedom and the excitement of the exodus were soon erased by the discomforts of travel. Gratitude usually gives way to grumbling. COME OUT OF THE WILDERNESS Exodus 16:1–2 We need to come out of the wilderness because: 1. There Is Always a Place Called Sin in the Wilderness 2. Religious Leadership Is Often Defied in the Wilderness 3. The Wilderness Can Cause Us to Lose Sight of Our Goal 4. The Promised Land Is Beyond the Wilderness THE WILDERNESS EXPERIENCE Exodus 16:1–16 1. The Wilderness Experience Is a Dangerous Experience 2. The Wilderness Experience Is a Necessary Experience 3. The Wilderness Experience Shapes Us for the Promised Land Robert Hawker - Poor Man's Evening Portion - The wilderness of Zin.—Exodus 16:1. My soul! thou art still in a wilderness state, not yet arrived home to thy Father’s house; and thou art frequently exercised with wilderness dispensations. Perhaps, under the Spirit’s teaching, an evening’s meditation on the wilderness of Zin, where Israel sojourned, will be profitable to thee. Let faith lead thee thither, and see what subjects are there opened before thee. Was there ever an instance like Israel, brought out with a high hand, and stretched out arm, from the tyranny of Egypt? Did the sea open for them to march through; and that memorable spot, which to them became the way of salvation, become to their enemies that pursued them, the pit of destruction? Did the Lord go before them in a pillar of cloud by day, and cover them from danger by the pillar of fire by night? After such miracles, yea, in the moment of receiving the same continuance of divine favour, while on their way to Canaan, what was there in the people’s passing through the wilderness of Zin, that should have discomposed their minds, or made them call in question God’s faithfulness, and his love?—Thou knowest, my soul, what the scripture hath recorded of the events of the wilderness to Israel. Though their history furnisheth a continued series of the Lord’s mercies over them, yet, on their part, little else can be found but rebellion, unthankfulness, and sin.—Pause, and let the apostle’s question have its full weight upon thee. “What then?” saith he, “are we better than they? No, in no wise; for we have before proved, both Jews and Gentiles, that they are all under sin.”—Was there ever an instance of grace like this, my soul, so great, so distinguishing, so abounding, when the Lord found thee in the Egypt of thy fallen nature, and when he brought thee out with a sovereign hand? Did Jesus open to thee a new and living way through his blood? And dost thou not know, that his cross, which is thy glory, and thy salvation, will be the condemnation of all the enemies who despise it? Is thy Lord leading thee, going before thee, and following thee, in grace, and goodness, and mercy, all the days of thy life, like the pillar of cloud, and the pillar of fire to Israel, and bringing thee by a right way to a “city of habitation?” Are these among the daily manifestations of thy Lord? And shall thy passage (for thou knowest that it is but a passage) through the wilderness of Zin, make thee for a moment lose sight of Jesus? True, thou art exercised; and thine exercises appear to thee so peculiarly distressing, as if no one of God’s people before had ever been so circumstanced. But in them thou shouldst mark the wisdom, as well as the love, of him that appoints them. Didst thou trace Jesus in all, thou wouldst find a sanctified blessing in all; and the issue of the heaviest trials would then bring in an exact proportion of the sweetest comforts. It is because they are peculiar, that they are suited to thee. There are numberless things which occur in the exercises of thy brethren, which, to thee, would be no exercises at all. They feel them, and know their pressure, and the love of Jesus in sending them, and the tenderness of Jesus in helping them under them, and bringing them out of them: all these things thou seest and knowest in others, and findest cause both to admire and to adore the divine faithfulness in the dispensations. But in the study and improvement of the exercises in thine own heart, which, of all others, is the most important, here thou failest. And yet thou art convinced, in a cool hour, when grace is alive, that if a synod of angels were to arrange the circumstances of thy state, they could not order them with the wisdom and love that they are now ordered with. Go then, my soul, go by faith, frequently to the wilderness of Zin. Look at Israel’s history, and look up for wisdom to gather suitable instruction. Behold Jesus in every dispensation. Whatever tends to lead thee to him, must be blessed. It is impossible that any trial, be it what it may, can be otherwise than blessed, which opens to the view Jesus therein, and endears and makes Jesus precious thereby. And, my soul, while I wish thee frequently to go by solemn meditation to the wilderness of Zin, let each renewed visit remind thee, that thou art getting through it. Like children at school, every day brings on the festival which will take us home to our Father’s house. A few steps more, a few exercises more, and Jesus will send his chariot for us; yea, he will come himself to fetch us; and we shall take an everlasting farewell both of the wilderness of Zin and this world of sorrow together. “Haste, haste, my beloved, and be thou like to a roe, or to a young hart, upon the mountain of spices!” D A Carson - THE CLOSING VERSES OF Exodus 15 are a harbinger of things to come. Despite the miraculous interventions by God that characterized their escape from Egypt, the people do not really trust him; the first bit of hardship turns to whining and complaining. Exodus 16 carries the story further, and shows that this muttering is linked, at several levels, to overt defiance of the living God. We need not imagine that the Israelites were not hungry; of course they were. The question is what they did about it. They might have turned to God in prayer and asked him to supply all their needs. As he had effected their rescue so dramatically, would he not also provide for them? But instead they sarcastically romanticize their experience of slavery (!) in Egypt (Ex 16:3), and grumble against Moses and Aaron (Ex 16:2). Moses might have felt miffed at the sheer ingratitude of the people. Wisely, he recognizes its real focus and evil. Although they grumble against Moses and Aaron, their real complaint is against God himself (Ex 16:7–8): “You are not grumbling against us, but against the LORD.” In all this, the Lord is still forbearing. As he turned the bitter waters of Marah into sweetness (Ex 15:22–26), so he now provides them with meat in the form of quail, and with manna. This frankly miraculous provision not only meets their need, but is granted so that they “will see the glory of the LORD” (Ex 16:7). “Then you will know that I am the LORD your God” (Ex 16:12). Further, the Lord says, “I will test them and see whether they will follow my instructions” (Ex 16:4). Unfortunately, not a few in the community fail the test miserably. They try to hoard manna when they are told not to; they try to gather manna when, on the Sabbath, none is provided. Moses is frankly angry with them (16:20); the Lord himself challenges this chronic disobedience (Ex 16:28). Why should people who have witnessed so spectacular a display of the grace and power of God slip so easily into muttering and complaining and slide so gracelessly into listless disobedience? The answer lies in the fact that many of them see God as existing to serve them. He served them in the Exodus; he served them when he provided clean water. Now he must serve not only their needs but their appetites. Otherwise they are entirely prepared to abandon him. While Moses has been insisting to Pharaoh that the people needed to retreat into the desert in order to serve and worship God, the people themselves think God exists to serve them. The fundamental question is, “Who is the real God?” New covenant believers face the same choice (1 Cor. 10:10).(For the Love of God) Exodus 16:1-5 A Hill Too High Do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about its own things. —Matthew 6:34 My wife and I like to rollerblade. Near the end of one of our favorite routes is a long hill. When we first started taking this route, I tried to encourage Sue by saying, “Are you ready for the hill?” just before pushing our way to the top. But one day she said, “Could you please not say that? You make it sound like a huge mountain, and that discourages me.” It was better for Sue to face the hill thinking only about one “step,” or one rollerblade push, at a time instead of an entire steep hill to conquer. Life can be like that. If we peer too far ahead of today, the challenges may feel like a Mt. Everest climb. They can appear impossible to handle if we think we have to be “ready for the hill.” The Bible reminds us that today is all we need to tackle. We don’t need to worry about tomorrow’s tasks (Matt. 6:34). Imagine Moses thinking, “I’ve got to feed all these people for who knows how long. How can I get that much food?” God took care of that mountain with manna—but only enough for one day at a time (Ex. 16:4). He whose heart is kind beyond all measure Gives unto each day what He deems best— Lovingly, its part of pain and pleasure, Mingling toil with peace and rest. —Berg God is there to give us strength for every hill we have to climb. Exodus 16:2 The whole congregation of the sons of Israel grumbled against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness. Grumbled - Ex 14:12 15:24 Ex 16:2, 7-9,12 Ex 17:3 Nu 11:1 Dt 14:2, 27,29, 36 Dt 16:11, 41 Dt 17:5 Dt 1:27 Dt 9:8,22 Josh 9:18 Ps 59:15 Ps 106:25 Lk 5:30 Lk 15:2 Lk 19:7 Jn 6:41-43,61 1Co 10:10 Php 2:14 Jude 1:16 Exodus 16 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries BLAMING MOSES The whole congregation of the sons of Israel - Whole is probably a hyperbole but the point is that the majority grumbled, whereas in Ex 15:24 it was stated "the people" so the grumbling seems less widespread there. But beloved, grumbling is like leaven, for once it starts in a congregation it tends to spread (a lot like gossip), so now we have the whole congregation! And now they are attacking not just Moses but also Aaron!