Mateus 13
William MacDonald · Citado em PreceptAustin
Mateus 13
William MacDonald - Matthew Henry compares the parables to the pillar of cloud and fire which enlightened Israel while confusing the Egyptians. The parables would be revealed to those who were sincerely interested but would prove “only an irritation to those who were hostile to Jesus.” So it was not a matter of whim on the Lord’s part, but simply the outworking of a principle which is built into all of life—willful blindness is followed by judicial blindness. That is why He spoke to the Jews in parables. H. C. Woodring put it so: “Because they did not have the love of the truth, they would not get the light of the truth.” They professed to see, that is, to be familiar with divine truth, but Truth incarnate stood before them and they resolutely refused to see Him. They professed to hear God’s Word, but the living Word of God was in their midst and they would not obey Him. They were unwilling to understand the wonderful fact of the Incarnation; therefore, the capacity to understand was taken from them.(Borrow Believer's Bible Commentary) John
Mateus 13
William MacDonald - This parable does not justify, as some mistakenly suppose, the toleration of ungodly people in a local Christian church. Remember that the field is the world, not the church. Local churches are explicitly commanded to put out of their fellowship all who are guilty of certain forms of wickedness (1 Cor. 5:9–13). The parable simply teaches that in its mystery form, the kingdom of heaven will include the real and the imitation, the genuine and the counterfeit, and that this condition will continue until the end of the age. Then God’s messengers will separate the false, who will be taken away in judgment, from the true, who will enjoy the glorious reign of Christ on earth. (Borrow Believer's Bible Commentary) George Brooks - Jesus was conveying the message that the devil also has a work going on that looks a lot like that which Jesus has going on. It is not everyone who knows the difference between the two. The religion of the scribes and the Pharisees might have looked like the kingdom of heaven, but it was not. This parable should remind us that there are a lot of religions in the world that look like the kingdom of heaven but there is only one kingdom of heaven. Those who are in the kingdom of heaven are there by grace plus nothing. Jesus is the only source of entrance into the kingdom of heaven. This is why Jesus is pictured as the sower of the good seed. This parable was a message to the disciples to remember that the movement into which they had been called was sown in the world to produce fruit. However, the devil would be putting forth special effort to trick people into thinking that the false is real. The idea behind the activity of the devil seems to be that of counterfeiting the kingdom of heaven Comment - All mankind is in one of two families, the family of God (John 1:12) or the family of Satan, children of light or children of darkness. Louis Barbieri observes that "This condition of the kingdom was never revealed in the Old Testament, which spoke of a kingdom of righteousness in which evil would be overcome." (See The Bible Knowledge Commentary) Hindson - Unlike the Jewish form of the kingdom in the Old Testament where citizens could be easily recognized, during the Church Age, converts will be made from all over the world and received upon their profession of faith. Thus it will be easier to slip in some counterfeits who profess what they do not possess. The kingdom of heaven must refer to the church, the mystery form of the kingdom, which is the subject of these parables. The wheat sprang up and bore grain, emphasizing that true converts produce fruitful lives. By contrast, false (professing) converts produce no lasting fruit. It should be noted that a "fruit" is something that God must produce in us by His power (cf. Gal. 5:22ff), whereas, a "work" is something we can do by our own efforts. False converts may produce outstanding works but no real fruit. (Matthew-Twenty-First Century) Even such an excellent expositor as Adrian Rogers seems to miss Jesus' clear teaching on the meaning of the field -- Now, what is the meaning of this parable? Well, wheat, you know, is that which makes bread and sustenance, and God's children are represented as wheat. And then the tares or weeds that look like wheat, and they're placed there by the enemy. The one who sows the wheat, the children of God, is the Son of Man, Jesus, verse 37. The good seed, according to verse 38, are believers in the Lord Jesus Christ. The enemy who sows the weeds among the wheat is the devil, verse 39. The harvest is the end of the age when God separates the wheat from the tares. Now, what is the lesson here? Expect there to be hypocrites in the church. The devil is at work, and every church has them, and it's not our job to go through in Christendom and try to separate the wheat from the tares. COMMENT - I HIGHLY ESTEEM DR ROGERS AND HIS PREACHING AND HERE HE IGNORES THE MEANING OF THE FIELD. NOW IN A SENSE THE CHURCH IS IN THE FIELD, IN THE WORLD, AND IN THAT SENSE HAS WHEAT AND TARES AND CLEARLY THAT IS AN APPLICATION. THIS IS NOT A PARABLE GIVING INSTRUCTION AS TO HOW THE CHURCH SHOULD FUNCTION. IN OTHER WORDS IF YOU SIT IN BIBLE CLASS AND YOU HEAR FALSE TEACHING AGAIN AND AGAIN, CLEARLY THIS MUST BE ADDRESSED BY THE ELDERS AND THE FALSE TEACHER MUST BE "PLUCKED UP" AND CAST OUT OF THE BODY OF CHRIST INTO THE FIELD OF THE WORLD. Matthew 13:39 and the enemy who sowed them is the devil, and the harvest is the end of the age; and the reapers are angels. NET Matthew 13:39 and the enemy who sows them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels. GNT Matthew 13:39 ὁ δὲ ἐχθρὸς ὁ σπείρας αὐτά ἐστιν ὁ διάβολος, ὁ δὲ θερισμὸς συντέλεια αἰῶνός ἐστιν, οἱ δὲ θερισταὶ ἄγγελοί εἰσιν. NLT Matthew 13:39 The enemy who planted the weeds among the wheat is the devil. The harvest is the end of the world, and the harvesters are the angels. KJV Matthew 13:39 The enemy that sowed them is the devil; the harvest is the end of the world; and the reapers are the angels. ESV Matthew 13:39 and the enemy who sowed them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels. NIV Matthew 13:39 and the enemy who sows them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the harvesters are angels. ASV Matthew 13:39 and the enemy that sowed them is the devil: and the harvest is the end of the world; and the reapers are angels. CSB Matthew 13:39 and the enemy who sowed them is the Devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the harvesters are angels. NKJ Matthew 13:39 "The enemy who sowed them is the devil, the harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are the angels. NRS Matthew 13:39 and the enemy who sowed them is the devil; the harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels. YLT Matthew 13:39 and the enemy who sowed them is the devil, and the harvest is a full end of the age, and the reapers are messengers. NAB Matthew 13:39 and the enemy who sows them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the harvesters are angels. NJB Matthew 13:39 the enemy who sowed it, the devil; the harvest is the end of the world; the reapers are the angels. GWN Matthew 13:39 The enemy who planted them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the world. The workers are angels. BBE Matthew 13:39 And he who put them in the earth is Satan; and the getting in of the grain is the end of the world; and those who get it in are the angels. and the enemy who sowed them is the devil - Mt 13:25,28 2Co 2:17 11:3,13-15 Eph 2:2 6:11,12 2Th 2:8-11 1Pe 5:8 Rev 12:9 13:14 19:20 20:2,3,7-10 the harvest is the end of the age - Mt 13:49 Mt 24:3 Joel 3:13 Rev 14:15-19 the reapers are angels - Mt 25:31 Da 7:10 2Th 1:7-10 Jude 1:14 Matthew 13 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries SATAN SOWS HIS SONS And the enemy (echthros) who sowed them is the devil - The enemy indicates the one adamantly opposed to everything God is doing and for example will do anything to keep the Gospel of Jesus to be proclaimed with power! And keep in mind that the devil is very adept at sowing deception for that is how he tripped up Eve (Ge 3:1-5+). MacArthur makes an interesting point on the enemy who sowed them - As is evident from the wording of the parable itself (see v. 25), sowed here carries the idea of thoroughness. Throughout history the tares have outnumbered the wheat by enormous percentages; and some parts of the world seem to be totally sown with the seed of the enemy." (See Matthew Commentary) Satan works by imitating or counterfeiting the truth. Luther says he is "God's ape," meaning that he mimics the Word of God. Like our slang saying "Monkey see, monkey do." So here the devil is the "false farmer," imitating the "real farmer," the Son of Man. What does this teach us about the devil? He is not against "religion," but uses "religion" to deceive. And the worst kind of deception is religious deception. The Pharisees were "religious" but acted as the Satan's henchmen to see that the Son of Man was murdered. Devil (1228)(diabolos from diá = through, between + ballo = to cast, throw) means a false accuser, slanderer (one who utters false charges or misrepresentations which defame and damage another’s reputation), backbiting (malicious comment about one not present), one given to malicious gossip or a calumniator (one who utters maliciously false statements, charges, or imputations about, this term imputes malice to the speaker and falsity to the assertions). Notice how the root words (diá = through + bállō = throw) picture what the devil does. He constantly throws between seeking to divide whether it be between a husband and wife, a child and parent, a church, etc. Resist his divisive, condemnatory accusations firm in your faith. Gotquestions - The enemy in the parable is Satan. In opposition to Jesus Christ, the devil tries to destroy Christ’s work by placing false believers and teachers in the world who lead many astray. One has only to look at the latest televangelist scandal to know the world is filled with professing “Christians” whose ungodly actions bring reproach on the name of Christ. But we are not to pursue such people in an effort to destroy them. For one thing, we don’t know if immature and innocent believers might be injured by our efforts. Further, one has only to look at the Spanish Inquisition, the Crusades, and the reign of “Bloody Mary” in England to see the results of men taking upon themselves the responsibility of separating true believers from false, a task reserved for God alone. Instead of requiring these false believers to be rooted out of the world, and possibly hurting immature believers in the process, Christ allows them to remain until His return. At that time, angels will separate the true from false believers. In addition, we are not to take it upon ourselves to uproot unbelievers because the difference between true and false believers isn’t always obvious. Tares, especially in the early stages of growth, resemble wheat. Likewise, a false believer may resemble a true believer. In Matthew 7:22+, Jesus warned that many profess faith but do not know Him. Thus, each person should examine his own relationship with Christ (2 Corinthians 13:5+). First John is an excellent test of salvation. (Parable of the Wheat and Tares) Michael Andrus - Even the great Protestant Reformer John Calvin engaged in the execution of heretics in his hometown of Geneva, Switzerland. And in our own country we have the Salem witch trials to our shame, as well as the settlers’ horrendous treatment of native American populations–often using religious justification (they were pagans!).i In our own lifetimes we have seen Protestants murdering Catholics (and vice versa) in Ireland and militant Christians killing abortion doctors here. I believe these are all examples of weed pulling that Christ would disapprove. God has not assigned us the job of Kingdom cops but rather ambassadors and witnesses. Now to be very frank, at this particular time in history and at this point in our culture, the more common problem we face, at least in the Church in America, is probably not the attempt to eradicate evil or evil people, but rather the temptation to compromise our morality and tolerate unimaginable evil. We are more likely to cohabit with the enemy than to exterminate him. I think we need a new call to hate sin but love the sinner. That may sound trite, but it’s not. It may sound impossible, but it’s not. There’s one pe rson we do this with constantly; we hate our own sin but love ourselves. God never calls us to think of evil as anything but heinous and inexcusable, but at the same time He calls us to exercise grace and mercy to sinful people, just as He has always done.