Jeremias 30
Warren Wiersbe · Citado em PreceptAustin
Jeremias 30
Wiersbe - 428 ratings Chapter summaries. Good but resource above is more detailed. Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary - Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel Isaiah 40-66 and Jeremiah by Cundall, Arthur Ernest Jeremiah and Lamentations; an introduction and commentary by Harrison, R. K. Rosscup - This famous Old Testament scholar, a conservative, concludes that we have here the basic teachings of Jeremiah under several kings. Lamentations is done by an eye-witness of Jerusalem’s fall. In both books, Harrison offers a brief but well informed commentary that is usually quite helpful in getting at what the text means and not substituting redactional theory from another era. Jeremiah : Prophet of judgment commentary by Jensen, Irving (132 pages) (Also has a self-study guide - Isaiah, Jeremiah : a self-study guide) Rosscup - Jensen has written a concise evangelical commentary for those who wish for a simple survey. The work is premillennial in its orientation, and is done by a man well-known for his helpful expositional works. Jeremiah (Bible Study Commentary) by Huey, F. B. 1981. 157 pp. James Rosscup - Conservative and concise, using a good outline and giving pastors, Sunday School teachers and lay people in general a quick look in a fairly able way. Dyer, Jensen, Kidner and Harrison do it better among the briefer works in overall helpfulness, though this is not to downgrade Huey. HCSB Study Bible : Holman Christian Standard Bible - Conservative. Literal. Brief but good notes. Holman's excellent maps. Believer's Bible Commentary - OT and NT - MacDonald, William (1995) 2480 pages. Conservative. Literal. Often has very insightful comments. John MacArthur, says "Concise yet comprehensive - the most complete single-volume commentary I have seen." Warren Wiersbe adds "For the student who is serious about seeing Christ in the Word." One hour limit. Rosscup - This work, originally issued in 1983, is conservative and premillennial, written to help teachers, preachers and people in every walk of life with different views, explanation and application. The 2-column format runs verse by verse for the most part, usually in a helpfully knowledgeable manner, and there are several special sections such as “Prayer” in Acts and “Legalism” in Galatians. The premillennial view is evident on Acts 1:6, 3:20, Romans 11:26, Galatians 6:16, Revelation 20, etc. The King James Study Bible Second Edition (2013) (Thomas Nelson) contributing editors (only first is listed) include Wayne A. Brindle. There is no restriction on length of time one can use, but there is no copy and paste function Life Application Study Bible: Old Testament and New Testament: New Living Translation. Has some very helpful notes especially with application of texts. 4,445 ratings NKJV Study Bible: New King James Version Study Bible (formerly "The Nelson Study Bible - NKJV") by Radmacher, Earl D; Allen, Ronald Barclay; House, H. Wayne (1997, 2007); 917 ratings Helpful notes. Conservative. KJV Bible Commentary Judges - Hindson, Edward E; Kroll, Woodrow Michael. This is not a study Bible per se, but a one volume commentary with over 3000 pages of comments covering the entire OT/NT. There is no restriction on length of time one can use, but there is no copy and paste function. These are excellent conservative comments that interpret Scripture from a literal perspective. User reviews - it generally gets 4/5 stars from users. ESV Study Bible - Good notes but not always literal in eschatology and the nation of Israel 6,004 ratings Zondervan NIV Study Bible - (2011) 2570 pages The David Jeremiah Study Bible - (2013) 2208 pages. Logos.com "Drawing on more than 40 years of study, Dr. David Jeremiah has compiled a legacy resource that will make an eternal impact on generations to come. 8,000 study notes. Hundreds of enriching word studies"50+ Essentials of the Christian Faith" articles." 2,272 ratings The Defender's Study Bible : King James Version by Morris, Henry M. Excellent notes by well known creationist. 45 ratings Ryrie Study Bible - Charles Ryrie (1978) 2142 pages. Conservative. Notes are brief. 216 ratings Wycliffe Bible Commentary - Charles Pfeiffer - 1560 pages (1962). 214 ratings Conservative. Notes are generally verse by verse but brief. Rosscup - Conservative and premillennial scholars here have been experts in their fields. The work contains brief introductions and attempts to give a verse-by-verse exposition, though it does skip over some verses. The treatments vary with the authors, but as a whole it is a fine one-volume commentary for pastors and students to use or give to a layman. Outstanding sections include, for example: Whitcomb on Ezra-Nehemiah-Esther; Culver on Daniel; Ladd on Acts; Harrison on Galatians; Johnson on I Corinthians; and Ryrie on the Johannine Epistles. NIV Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible. Bringing to Life the Ancient World of Scripture Keener, Craig and Walton, John. Editors (2017) Jeremiah by Davidson, R Cyril
Jeremias 30
Wiersbe - Jeremiah 30-33 describes the glory of the dawning of a new day for the people of Israel, not only for the exiles in Babylon but also for the Jewish people in the latter days before the Lord returns. As you study, you’ll discover that Jeremiah had two “horizons” in view: the nearer horizon of the return of the exiles to Judah and the farther horizon of the regathering of Israel in the end times from the nations of the earth. (Be Decisive)
Jeremias 30
Wiersbe - In Isaiah’s day, Judah was a “sick” nation (Isa. 1:5–6), and thanks to the superficial ministry of the false prophets (Jer. 6:14; 8:11), the sickness became worse in Jeremiah’s day (Jer 10:19; 14:17; 15:18). Wound (KJV = bruise) (07667)(sheber/shever/seber from shabar = to burst, break in pieces) is a masculine noun which means a breaking, a breach, a fracture, a shattering, a crash, a ruin. Isaiah 30:26 speaks of the LORD binding "up the fracture (sheber) of His people." HCSB - Sheber/shever, from the verb shavar (break), has many of its connotations. Jeremiah especially likes both words. Shever describes a broken foot (Lev 21:19), spirit (Pr 15:4, Isa 65:14), or people (Jer 6:14). It denotes fracture (Lv 24:20) or injury (Jer 30:12). It is a personal downfall (Pr 18:12) and a people's brokenness (Jer 6:14), ruin (Am 6:6), or wretchedness (Isa 59:7). It suggests land fissures (Ps 60:2), collapse of a wall (Isa 30:13), or shattering of a jar (Isa 30:14). Shever mostly implies disaster (Jer 4:20) or destruction (Isa 15:5); it occurs with terms for "devastation" (shod, Jer 48:3; she'th, Lam 3:47). Shever indicates dream interpretation (Jdg 7:15). It connotes a crashing (Zeph 1:10) or thrashing (Job 41:25). It can be translated by verbs like destroy (Isa 1:28). Related shibbaron indicates destruction (Jer 17:18) and bitter groaning (Ezek 21:6). (HCSB Study Bible: God's Word for Life) Sheber/shever - 41 verses - (1), breaches(1), breakdown(1), broken(2), brokenness(3), collapse(1), crash(1), crashing(1), crushed(1), crushes(1), destruction(17), disaster(2), fracture(3), injury(2), interpretation(1), ruin(3), smashing(1). Leviticus 21:19 or a man who has a broken foot or broken hand, Leviticus 24:20 fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth; just as he has injured a man, so it shall be inflicted on him. Judges 7:15 When Gideon heard the account of the dream and its interpretation (Lxx = sugkrisis = comparison, interpretation - cf Ge 40:12), he bowed in worship. He returned to the camp of Israel and said, "Arise, for the LORD has given the camp of Midian into your hands." Job 41:25 "When he raises himself up, the mighty fear; Because of the crashing they are bewildered. Psalm 60:2 You have made the land quake, You have split it open; Heal its breaches (Lxx = suntrimma = that which is broken or shattered, destruction, affliction, ruin), for it totters. Proverbs 15:4 A soothing tongue is a tree of life, But perversion in it crushes the spirit. Proverbs 16:18 Pride goes before destruction (Lxx = suntribe = literally "rubbing away" - crushing, ruin), And a haughty spirit before stumbling. Proverbs 17:19 He who loves transgression loves strife; He who raises his door seeks destruction. Proverbs 18:12 Before destruction the heart of man is haughty, But humility goes before honor. Isaiah 1:28 But transgressors and sinners will be crushed together, And those who forsake the LORD will come to an end. Isaiah 15:5 My heart cries out for Moab; His fugitives are as far as Zoar and Eglath-shelishiyah, For they go up the ascent of Luhith weeping; Surely on the road to Horonaim they raise a cry of distress over their ruin. Isaiah 30:13 Therefore this iniquity will be to you Like a breach about to fall, A bulge in a high wall, Whose collapse comes suddenly in an instant, 14 Whose collapse is like the smashing of a potter's jar, So ruthlessly shattered That a sherd will not be found among its pieces To take fire from a hearth Or to scoop water from a cistern." 26 The light of the moon will be as the light of the sun, and the light of the sun will be seven times brighter, like the light of seven days, on the day the LORD binds up the fracture of His people and heals the bruise He has inflicted. Isaiah 51:19 These two things have befallen you; Who will mourn for you? The devastation and destruction, famine and sword; How shall I comfort you? Isaiah 59:7 Their feet run to evil, And they hasten to shed innocent blood; Their thoughts are thoughts of iniquity, Devastation and destruction are in their highways. Isaiah 60:18 "Violence will not be heard again in your land, Nor devastation or destruction within your borders; But you will call your walls salvation, and your gates praise. Isaiah 65:14 "Behold, My servants will shout joyfully with a glad heart, But you will cry out with a heavy heart, And you will wail with a broken spirit. Jeremiah 4:6 "Lift up a standard toward Zion! Seek refuge, do not stand still, For I am bringing evil from the north (Babylonians would invade from North), And great destruction (Lxx = suntribe). 20 Disaster (Lxx = talaiporia = wretchedness, trouble, misery) on disaster is proclaimed, For the whole land is devastated; Suddenly my tents are devastated, My curtains in an instant. Jeremiah 6:1 ¶ "Flee for safety, O sons of Benjamin, From the midst of Jerusalem! Now blow a trumpet in Tekoa And raise a signal over Beth-haccerem; For evil looks down from the north, And a great destruction. (Lxx = suntribe) 14 "They have healed the brokenness (Lxx = suntrimma) of My people superficially, Saying, 'Peace, peace,' But there is no peace. Jeremiah 8:11 "They heal the brokenness of the daughter of My people superficially, Saying, 'Peace, peace,' But there is no peace. 21 For the brokenness (Lxx = suntrimma) of the daughter of my people I am broken (Root verb = shabar); I mourn, dismay has taken hold of me. Jeremiah 10:19 Woe is me, because of my injury (Lxx = suntrimma)! My wound is incurable. But I said, "Truly this is a sickness, And I must bear it." Jeremiah 14:17 "You will say this word to them, 'Let my eyes flow down with tears night and day, And let them not cease; For the virgin daughter of my people has been crushed with a mighty blow (KJV - has "breach" and uses sheber, NAS has blow and uses makkah = blow, wound), With a sorely infected wound. Jeremiah 30:12 "For thus says the LORD, 'Your wound (KJV - has "bruise" and uses sheber, NAS has blow and uses makkah = blow, wound) is incurable And your injury is serious. 15 'Why do you cry out over your injury? Your pain is incurable. Because your iniquity is great And your sins are numerous, I have done these things to you. Jeremiah 48:3 "The sound of an outcry from Horonaim, 'Devastation and great destruction (Lxx = suntrimma)!' 5 "For by the ascent of Luhith They will ascend with continual weeping; For at the descent of Horonaim They have heard the anguished cry of destruction (Lxx = suntrimma). Jeremiah 50:22 "The noise of battle is in the land, And great destruction (Lxx = suntribe - crushing). Jeremiah 51:54 The sound of an outcry from Babylon, And of great destruction (Lxx = suntribe - crushing) from the land of the Chaldeans! Lamentations 2:11 My eyes fail because of tears, My spirit is greatly troubled; My heart is poured out on the earth Because of the destruction (Lxx = suntrimma) of the daughter of my people, When little ones and infants faint In the streets of the city. 13 How shall I admonish you? To what shall I compare you, O daughter of Jerusalem? To what shall I liken you as I comfort you, O virgin daughter of Zion? For your ruin is as vast as the sea; Who can heal you? Lamentations 3:47 Panic and pitfall have befallen us, Devastation and destruction; 48 My eyes run down with streams of water Because of the destruction of the daughter of my people. Lamentations 4:10 The hands of compassionate women Boiled their own children; They became food for them Because of the destruction of the daughter of my people. Ezekiel 32:9 "I will also trouble the hearts of many peoples when I bring your destruction among the nations, into lands which you have not known. Amos 6:6 Who drink wine from sacrificial bowls While they anoint themselves with the finest of oils, Yet they have not grieved over the ruin of Joseph. Nahum 3:19 There is no relief for your breakdown (Lxx = suntribe - crushing), Your wound is incurable. All who hear about you Will clap their hands over you, For on whom has not your evil passed continually? Zephaniah 1:10 "On that day," declares the LORD, "There will be the sound of a cry from the Fish Gate, A wail from the Second Quarter, And a loud crash (Lxx = suntrimmos = noun = ruin, crusihing) from the hills. Incurable (0605)(anash) means desperately sick, incurable, sick, woeful and is used 9 times in the OT, with 6 uses in Jeremiah. In Jer 17:16 the idea of anash is despairing, i.e., pertaining to that which causes worries, anxiety or lack of peace. Incurable speaks generally of that which is not likely to be changed or corrected. In context of Israel this makes one think of their unfaithful, rebellious hearts! Anash - 9 verses - 2Sa 12:15; Job 34:6; Isa 17:11; Jer 15:18; 17:9, 16; 30:12, 15; Mic 1:9. One of the more familiar uses is in Jer 17:9 "“The heart is more deceitful than all else And is desperately sick; Who can understand it?" Jeremiah 30:13 'There is no one to plead your cause; No healing for your sore, No recovery for you. No one to plead...no healing...no recovery - Why? Because they would be chastised. The time for prayer, recovery and repentance had passed. Now they must be punished. This punishment will reach its climax in the time of Jacob's distress. NET Note - This verse exhibits a mixed metaphor of an advocate (lawyer) pleading someone’s case (cf., Jer 5:28; 22:18) and of a physician applying medicine to wounds and sores resulting from them (see, e.g., Jer 8:18 for the latter metaphor). Zion’s sins are beyond defense and the wounds inflicted upon her beyond healing. However, God, himself, in his own time will forgive her sins (Jer 31:34; 33:8) and heal her wounds (Jer 30:17). Jeremiah 30:14 'All your lovers have forgotten you, They do not seek you; For I have wounded you with the wound of an enemy, with the punishment of a cruel one, because your iniquity is great and your sins are numerous. THE REASON FOR ISRAEL'S PUNISHMENT NET All your allies have abandoned you. They no longer have any concern for you. For I have attacked you like an enemy would. I have chastened you cruelly. For your wickedness is so great and your sin is so much. All your lovers - The foreign godless nations and their horrid so-called gods with whom Israel had "consorted" incessantly committing spiritual harlotry. (See Jer 3:1-2; 4:30; 22:20-23; Lam. 1:2, 19). Those nations that had previously been allies had left Israel in a lurch so to speak. Harrison feels that "The lovers were the surrounding nations on whom Judah had relied for help against Babylon." I have wounded you with the wound of an enemy - (NET = I have attacked you like an enemy would). Notice that God takes full responsibility for their punishment. ESV Study Bible - God turned from fighting for Israel (Ex. 15:1–18) to fighting against Israel (Jer. 11:14–17; 15:1–9; 27:8). Note the declaration by God "I have wounded you" indicates that Jacob's suffering was not random or accidental but was righteous and appropriate! Wiersbe - "The Lord reminded the Jews that it was He who used other nations to wound them because of their disobedience to Him (Jer 30:14). He used Assyria to chasten Israel and Babylon to punish Judah, and in the latter days, He will use the Gentile nations to correct Israel and prepare the Jews for the return of their Messiah. However, God will punish the Gentile nations for the way they treat Israel in the last days (Jer 30:16; see Joel 3) just as He punished Assyria and Babylon." Because - Here is the strategic term of explanation! Israel's iniquity was great and her sins... numerous. Jehovah's chastisement would be just and justly deserved! Iniquity (guilt) (05771)( 'avon) is from the verb 'avah which has an interesting basic meaning of to bend, twist or distort. In simple terms 'avon is a twisting of God's standard or deviation from it. Sins (02403)(chattat/chattath) conveys the idea of falling short of a divine standard or missing the mark of God's righteous standard. This sense of chatta is depicted in Jdg 20:16 which records "every one could sling a stone at a hair and not miss (chatta)." Jeremiah 30:15 'Why do you cry out over your injury? Your pain is incurable. Because your iniquity is great and your sins are numerous, I have done these things to you. NO JUSTIFICATION FOR COMPLAINING! Why do you cry - Their punishment was just. Their cry was not the cry of repentance but the cry of remorse. They were "sorry" like the child who got caught was sorry, but not truly sorry for their great and numerous sins against God Pain is incurable (anash) - cp wound is incurable (Jer 30:12). Your iniquity is great and your sins are numerous - Repeated from Jer 30:14 for emphasis! I have done these things to you - God takes responsibility for their punishment. Jeremiah 30:16 'Therefore all who devour you will be devoured; And all your adversaries, every one of them, will go into captivity; And those who plunder you will be for plunder, And all who prey upon you I will give for prey. FUTURE PROMISES TO ISRAEL Wiersbe entitles Jeremiah 30:16-24 "The Calm After the Storm" writing that "Jeremiah then picked up the image of the storm (Jer 30:23) that he had used earlier (Jer 23:19–20) to describe the Babylonian assault, but now he related it to the trials of “the latter days” (Jer 30:24). HCSB Note on Jer 30:15-16 - Some argue that there is a radical change in God's attitude between these two verses. But God remains the same. His judgment must fall to bring Israel to the point where He can restore them. Israel's best hope was that God remains constant in spite of human fickleness. Israel's enemies will experience the same things Israel went through: (1) The nations who devoured you will be devoured, (2) those who sent Israel into captivity will go off into exile, (3) the plunderers will be plundered, and (4) those who raided Israel will be raided. (HCSB Study Bible: God's Word for Life) All who devour you will be devoured - The Babylonians would devour Judah but they in turn would be devoured by the Medes and Persians (cf Da 5:30-31). "So it has been throughout redemption history: those who have treated God’s people ill have to reckon with God as avenger (cf. Gen 12:1–3)." (Feinberg) Note especially the promises - "I will bless those who bless you, and the one who curses you I will curse." (Ge 12:3). This teaching is a version of God's law of reaping and sowing. God would mete out divine retribution to all the nations who have hated and hurt Israel over the centuries, even in situations where He had allowed the nation to discipline His rebellious people. For example, earlier Jehovah had prophesied that even though Nebuchadnezzar (and Babylon) were the instruments He used to discipline Judah "it will be when seventy years are completed I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation....for their iniquity, and the land of the Chaldeans; and I will make it an everlasting desolation." (Jer 25:12) Jeremiah 30:17 'For I will restore you to health and I will heal you of your wounds,' declares the LORD, 'Because they have called you an outcast, saying: "It is Zion; no one cares for her."' THE GREAT PHYSICIAN WILL RESTORE ISRAEL'S HEALTH! I will restore...I will heal - In spite of the magnitude of their iniquity which is incurable humanly speaking (Jer 30:12), nothing is too difficult for the Almighty! (Jer 32:17) The Hebrew word for "restore" is not the same as mentioned in Jer 30:3 (shub), but is the word 'alah (05927) which basically suggests movement from lower to higher place )1st = Ge2:6 Eden watered by mist that “went up” over ground). Heal (07495)(rapha) means to heal (both figurative and literal healing), to make whole, to restore to normal (restore health), to cure, to repair. Indeed, Israel's poor health and their wounds were not so much physical as they are moral! While their moral ills were incurable for man, they were curable by the Messiah. As Isaiah explains "He (Messiah) was pierced through for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; The chastening for our well-being fell upon Him, and by His scourging we are healed." (Isaiah 53:5). As an aside, it is worth noting that the Greek word used in the NT for save (sozo) also means to make well, to heal or to make whole. So in this future day when the remnant place their faith in their Messiah, they will be restored and healed! Feinberg on they have called you an outcast - "In their contempt, the enemies of God’s nation called her an outcast, for whom no one cared. The figure is that of a woman put away by her husband (cf. Isa 62:4). Why did the Lord consider this treatment of his nation so great an offense? Because the words and actions of the enemies revealed their disregard of God and His expressed purpose for His people. Ultimately, calling them an outcast impugned God’s faithfulness to his elect people." Here is an excerpt of a sermon preached by Charles Simeon (1759-1836), on Jeremiah 30:17 - Considering how much is spoken in the Holy Scriptures concerning the present and future state of the Jewish nation, it is surprising how little they occupy the attention of the Christian world....they are scarcely ever noticed, so that, to bring the subject before a Christian audience seems almost to require an apology....But this indifference towards them is highly criminal. We are not to imagine, that, because they are under God’s displeasure, we are discharged from all those duties which we owe them as men....Was man justified in despising them, because they were under the chastisement of their offended God? Assuredly not!" (Jeremiah 30:17.The Conversion of the Jews—our Duty to promote it) (Bolding added) Jeremiah 30:18 "Thus says the LORD, 'Behold, I will restore the fortunes of the tents of Jacob And have compassion on his dwelling places; And the city will be rebuilt on its ruin, And the palace will stand on its rightful place. RESTORATION OF JACOB Restore the fortunes - (shub shebuth) See notes on this great phrase which is used in Jeremiah 30:3 and many other OT passages. Jacob - Here stands for the entire nation of Israel. Tents...dwelling places...city...palace - Not just a remodeling but a full restoration and rebuilding. Have compassion (mercy) (07355)(racham)[/FONT> means to show love for, to love deeply, to feel, show or have compassion on, to be compassionate, show pity or mercy (Hab 3:2-note). Racham speaks of tender, heart-felt concern. To tenderly regard someone (or in Jer 30:18 some "thing" - the "dwelling places" of the restored Jews!) as parents love their infant child. It is amazing that Jehovah's love and compassion is directed even to the dwelling places in the city! This is surely a reflection of His deep compassion for His restored people! How deep the Father's love for saved sinners! (Play and ponder How deep the Father's love for us [and FOR YOU!] by Fernando Ortega). The city will be rebuilt on its ruin - Jerusalem will be devastated in the horrible time of Jacob's distress, but would be rebuilt and would be glorious. In the next chapter Jeremiah records "Behold, days are coming," declares the LORD, "when the city shall be rebuilt for Jehovah from the Tower of Hananel to the Corner Gate." (Jer 31:38, cp Isa 44:26). On its ruin - Literally "on its tel" - NET Note explains that "A tel is a site where successive layers of occupation are built upon one another after the destruction or decay of the former city. The original site was not abandoned because it had been chosen for strategic purposes, such as proximity to water or ease of defense. Many modern archaeological sites have the designation “Tel” as a component of their name because of this practice." The palace (armon) will stand on its rightful place - It is interesting that the Jewish writer Rashi understands armon to mean the temple. Feinberg adds that "There are those who understand “palace” to refer to the “temple,” but the meaning is that the city will be settled by a king, with all that pertains to such a residence." The ESV Study Bible says "The rebuilding of cities prefigures the heavenly Jerusalem," but neglects to say anything about the glorious Millennial reign during which these cities will literally be rebuilt. Behold (02009)(hinneh) directs the reader's mind to the text, imploring him to give it special attention. The Spirit is trying to arrest our attention that even though Israel's sins iniquity was great and her sins were numerous (Jer 30:14-15), Jehovah would restore them and have compassion on them. Why? Because He is faithful to keep His covenant promises, promises made originally to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob (Ge 12:1-3, et al). He loves Israel with an everlasting love and thus drew them with lovingkindness (Jer 31:3). I will restore - Repetition of Jer 30:17. Moody Bible Commentary (BORROW PAGE 1180) (recommended) - Dr. Charles Dyer explains why this restoration is not past but yet future. The time of fulfillment for Jeremiah's prophecies of the judgments of Babylon and the restoration of Israel is a matter of controversy. Some have suggested that all the future events in the book of Jeremiah, spoken of as "days are coming" (see comments on Ge 16:14 and Ge 31:27-40), were fulfilled when the Jewish people returned from Babylon in 539 BC. However, for a number of reasons, it seems better to understand these as eschatological, end-time, events. (1) The return is to be from "all the countries where He had banished them" not just from Babylon. This return will be so spectacular it will overshadow in importance the return from Egyptian captivity (Ge 16:14-15; 23:7-8; 29:14; 32:37; Isa 43:5-7; Ezk 34:13-14; 37:21). (2) When the Jewish people return, they will be transformed spiritually, cleansed of all iniquity and idolatry (Jeremiah 3:15-18; 31:14; 33:6-11; 50:4-5). Sadly, this was not the spiritual condition of the Jewish people when they returned from Babylon. Throughout their post-Babylonian history, Jewish people have wandered from the Lord. The spiritual transformation of Israel will only occur in the future, when the nation will turn and recognize Jesus as Messiah (Zech 12:10). (3) In the future Israel will "dwell securely" because the land of Israel will be in complete peace, "never to be overthrown again" (Jeremiah 23:6; 31:40; 33:16; 46:27-28). However, when the Jewish people returned from Babylon, they were met with immediate and violent opposition by the Samaritans living in the land (Neh 4:1-8; 6:1-9). That opposition was just the beginning of conflict. Since the return from Babylon, Israel has never enjoyed a time of genuine security. After the captivity they lived under the domination of the Greeks and Romans, then were expelled from the land (AD 70) and suffered persecution (from the Crusades to the Inquisition to the Holocaust) up to the present time. Although the modern state of Israel provides a homeland for the Jewish people, since its founding in 1948 Israel has not had a single year of peace and has been under constant threat of war and annihilation. Only when the Messiah Jesus rules from Jerusalem will the nation be guaranteed to live in safety and "not be plucked up or overthrown anymore forever." (4) In the future Israel will be ruled by King Messiah, the Son of David, the Righteous Branch (Jeremiah 23:5-6; 30:8-11; 33:14-17). He will establish righteousness in the people and security in the land. This certainly did not occur at the return from Babylon, but awaits fulfillment after the time of Jacob's distress, when all Israel will be saved (Romans 11:26-27; Isa 59:20). (5) The destruction of Babylon described (Ed: Dyer is referring to Jeremiah 50) does not fit the historical events of the period. The prophet foretold that Babylon would be destroyed in a cataclysmic way (Jeremiah 50:29-51:64). But when Babylon fell to the Medes, it was not by violent attack but rather peaceful takeover. The events described here certainly are yet future. Jeremiah 30:19 'From them will proceed thanksgiving And the voice of those who celebrate; And I will multiply them and they will not be diminished; I will also honor them and they will not be insignificant. MOURNING TURNED TO DANCING From them - From the redeemed Jewish remnant who enter into the Millennial Kingdom. What a contrast this passage presents with the earlier pictures in Jeremiah 7:34; 16:9; 25:10, where the sounds of bride and bridegroom were no longer to be heard! Thanksgiving (Heb = todah - used in Jer 17:26, 33:11)...celebrate - In the Messianic Kingdom Israel's sorrow will turn to singing! He reiterates this joyous theme in the following chapters of the "Book of Consolation" (e.g., Jer 31:4, Jer 31:12-14, Jer 33:11) Thanksgiving...voice of those who celebrate is a striking contrast to earlier prophecies in Jeremiah... Jer 7:34 (context = a description of Judah's sins for which she would be judged) - "Then I will make to cease from the cities of Judah and from the streets of Jerusalem the voice of joy and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride; for the land will become a ruin." Jer 25:10 (context = decree of judgment on Judah by Babylon) - "Moreover, I will take from them the voice of joy and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones and the light of the lamp." I will multiply them - This promise was also given in the prophecy in Dt 30:5 where Moses wrote "the LORD your God will bring you into the land which your fathers possessed, and you shall possess it; and He will prosper you and multiply you more than your fathers." Adam Clarke on I will also honor them - I will put honour upon them every where, so that they shall be no longer contemptible. This will be a very great change, for they are now despised all over the earth. Honor (KJV = glorify) (03513)(kabad) conveys the basic meaning of be heavy or weighty, but most uses are figurative so that the picture of a "weighty" person in society is one who is honorable, impressive, worthy of respect. Jeremiah 30:20 'Their children also will be as formerly, And their congregation shall be established before Me; And I will punish all their oppressors. He continues to enumerate the gracious blessings of the Millennial age for the faithful remnant who survive the time of Jacob's distress. Jeremiah 30:21 'Their leader shall be one of them, and their ruler shall come forth from their midst; And I will bring him near and he shall approach Me; For who would dare to risk his life to approach Me?' declares the LORD. Their leader shall be one of them - Most commentaries interpret this as referring to Messiah. One of them - He will be a Jew. Wiersbe - Not only will the Messiah be their King, but He will also be their Priest! “Then I will cause Him to draw near, and He shall approach Me” (Jer 30:21NKJV). This is language that applies especially to the Jewish high priest, who alone entered the holy of holies on the annual Day of Atonement (Lev 16). Only Jesus Christ, who is both King and Priest (Heb. 7–8), can qualify to fulfill this prophecy. Charles Dyer - Walter Kaiser identifies this passage as a picture of the Messiah. The Hebrew word translated leader (‘addir) can be translated “glorious one” and indicates divine origin; it is used four times of either the Lord or God. Nevertheless, this coming glorious ruler will come forth from their midst, be from the Jewish people, as predicted of the Messiah (Gn 49:10; Dt 18:15). The phrase I will bring him near and he shall approach Me indicates a priestly office of this ruler. To come near or to approach (Ex 24:2; Nm 16:5) means “to engage in the work of a priest.” The privilege of drawing near to God in this technical sense belongs only to those persons whom God had set apart for the task. The closing challenge, who would dare to risk his life to approach Me? implies that only the Messiah would be qualified for the task of Glorious Ruler-Priest. (BORROW Moody Bible Commentary PAGE 1150) Jeremiah 30:22 'You shall be My people, And I will be your God.'" COVENANT LANGUAGE I will be their God - This promise was first given in the Abrahamic Covenant in Ge 17:8 = "And I will give to you and to your descendants after you, the land of your sojournings, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession; and I will be their God." Whenever you see this phrase, recognize that it is clearly speaking about God's covenant with His people. This promise is given repeatedly to Israel by Jehovah by several OT prophets (Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Zechariah)... "And I will give them a heart to know Me, for I am the LORD; and they will be My people, and I will be their God, for they will return to Me with their whole heart." (Jeremiah 24:7) "But this is the covenant which I will make with the house of Israel after those days," declares the LORD, "I will put My law within them, and on their heart I will write it; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people. (Jeremiah 31:33) "And they shall be My people, and I will be their God, and I will give them one heart and one way, that they may fear Me always, for their own good, and for the good of their children after them." (Jeremiah 32:38-39) "And I shall give them one heart, and shall put a new spirit within them (Ed: The blessings of the New Covenant). And I shall take the heart of stone out of their flesh and give them a heart of flesh, that they may walk in My statutes and keep My ordinances, and do them. Then they will be My people, and I shall be their God." (Ezekiel 11:19-20-note) "In order that the house of Israel may no longer stray from Me and no longer defile themselves with all their transgressions. Thus they will be My people, and I shall be their God,"' declares the Lord GOD." (Ezekiel 14:11-note) "And you will live in the land that I gave to your forefathers; so you will be My people, and I will be your God. (Ezekiel 36:28-note) "And they will be My people, and I will be their God....."My dwelling place also will be with them; and I will be their God, and they will be My people." (Ezekiel 37:23, 27-note) "And I will bring them back, and they will live in the midst of Jerusalem, and they will be My people and I will be their God in truth and righteousness." (Zechariah 8:8 ) "And I will bring the third part through the fire, Refine them as silver is refined, And test them as gold is tested. They will call on My name, And I will answer them; I will say, 'They are My people,' And they will say, 'The LORD is my God.'" (Zechariah 13:9) NET Note adds that "It is a formula referring to a covenant relationship in which God pledges to protect, provide, and be present with His people....." Jeremiah 30:23 Behold, the tempest of the LORD! Wrath has gone forth, A sweeping tempest; It will burst on the head of the wicked. A STORM FROM JEHOVAH Behold (02009)(hinneh) calls for the reader to pay close attention to what follows. Stop for a moment and ponder the picture presented by Jeremiah! The omnipotent God finally unleashing His full fury on the wicked! The picture should stop us in our tracks. It should arrest our attention. And it should serve to motivate us to a holy fear the next time we are sorely tempted to commit that sin which so easily entangles us! Pay day, some day! The full wrath fell on the Lamb, so it does not have to fall on those who take shelter in His "ark." Have you received His righteousness by grace through faithful. The doors of the Ark are still "open," but they will not remain open forever! Jeremiah 30:23 is almost a verbatim repetition of Jer 23:19–20 - "Behold, the storm of Jehovah has gone forth in wrath, Even a whirling tempest; It will swirl down on the head of the wicked. The anger of the LORD will not turn back Until He has performed and carried out the purposes of His heart; In the last days you will clearly understand it (cp Jer 30:24)." Comment: Notice the phrase "clearly understand"! There will be no more arguments about whether the millennium is pre-, a- or post-! From the following context (Jer 30:24 = "the latter days") this tempest of the LORD (cp Jer 23:19) will come about in the latter days in the time of the Tribulation. Revelation 6-19 describes details of this "tempest." The Septuagint uses the noun orge to translate tempest and this same noun orge is used to describe the wrath of God in Revelation 6:16-17-note, Rev 14:10-note, Rev 16:19-note and Rev 19:15-note. Orge conveys the picture of a swelling which eventually bursts, and thus describes an anger that proceeds from one’s settled nature. Orge describes God's resentment toward sin that seethes and smolders and will finally fully burst forth in Revelation 6-19! Jeremiah 30:24 The fierce anger of the LORD will not turn back until He has performed and until He has accomplished the intent of His heart. In the latter days you will understand this. Prophetic Passage - Jeremiah 30:7 is a prophecy which will be fulfilled at the Second Coming of Christ at the end of the last half of Daniel's Seventieth Week, at the end of the 3.5 year period (the Great Tribulation) at which time the Messiah establishes His literal, earthly Millennial Kingdom. Fierce anger - The anger of God would have been sufficiently frightening but to call it fierce anger should help us grasp the gravity of sin. Until - Until means up to the point in time or the event mentioned. Thank God for this expression of time for it depicts Jehovah's fierce anger going forth but finally being finished! He has accomplished the intent of His heart - God's wrath is not like man's but has a holy purpose which He will surely bring to pass. In the context of Jeremiah 30, surely one major aspect of that purpose is that "all Israel will be saved." (Ro 11:26). HCSB on Jer 30:23-24 - To forestall any false security from the promises just delivered in Jer 30:17-22, judgment must be poured out on the guilty. God's judgment will be like a sudden windstorm. His wrath will continue until the purposes of His heart are completely fulfilled. His purposes cannot be enacted until the sins of Israel and her adversaries have been addressed. (HCSB Study Bible: God's Word for Life) In the latter days you will understand this - Remember Jeremiah is addressing Jews (in captivity) and he is giving them a promise that they might not fully understand at this time. Nor would Jews reading it in the centuries that followed. However God promises that in the future (the latter days) the Jews (the believing remnant) will understand why all of these things happened to them. Jeremiah's fellow exilic prophet Daniel was given a similar promise - But as for you, Daniel, conceal these words and seal up the book until the end of time; many will go back and forth, and knowledge will increase. (Da 12:4-note).