João 13
Warren Wiersbe · Citado em PreceptAustin
João 13
Wiersbe points out that the words of Jesus to Peter emphasize that "There is a difference between union and communion. Peter was in union with Christ as one of “His own” through faith, but sin can break our communion with the Lord. There is a difference between sonship and fellowship. Only as we allow Christ to cleanse us can we remain in fellowship with Him and enjoy His presence and power." (BORROW Wiersbe's Expository Outlines on the New Testament) NO WASH NO PART! Jesus answered him, "If I do not wash (nipto) you, you have no part (meros - share, portion) with Me - Jesus counters Peter's double negative with two negatives 'If I may not wash thee, thou hast no part with me.' (Jn 13:8YLT) No part (meros - share, portion) with Me clearly means the one He does not "wash" does not belong to Him, for His sins have not been washed away by the blood of the Lamb. As discussed below "If" introduces a third class conditional clause. TECHNICAL NOTE: If (1437) (ean) is a preposition which serves to identify what is referred to in Greek as a third class conditional clause. It means "(If)… and it may be true or may not be true." There is a supposition (something that is supposed) where the reality of the issue is uncertain. A conditional clause in Greek is formed by combining a preposition with a certain verb mood. In this case ean is combined with the subjunctive mood of wash which is the mood of probability which implies uncertainty.
João 13
Wiersbe - Contrast Jn 1:11-12 and Jn 12:36 with Jn 13:1 and you will see that we have moved into a new section of John's Gospel. He came "unto His own [world] and His own [people] received Him not." Now He departs from His public ministry to the nation and gathers privately with "His own"—the disciples.....Chapter 13 contains three important lessons for all Christians. I. A Lesson on Humility (Jn 13:1-5) II. A Lesson on Holiness (Jn 13:6-17) III. A Lesson on Hypocrisy (Jn 13:18-38) (BORROW Wiersbe's Expository Outlines on the New Testament PAGE 244 - insights are very helpful in sermon preparation). Believer's Study Bible - In this discourse a number of important themes are developed, such as: Love -- a word occurring 31 times in chs. 13-17 but only 6 times in chs. 1-12; (Love* = Jn. 3:16; Jn. 3:19; Jn. 3:35; Jn. 5:20; Jn. 5:42; Jn. 8:42; Jn. 10:17; Jn. 11:3; Jn. 11:5; Jn. 11:36; Jn. 12:25; Jn. 12:43; Jn. 13:1; Jn. 13:23; Jn. 13:34; Jn. 13:35; Jn. 14:15; Jn. 14:21; Jn. 14:23; Jn. 14:24; Jn. 14:28; Jn. 14:31; Jn. 15:9; Jn. 15:10; Jn. 15:12; Jn. 15:13; Jn. 15:17; Jn. 15:19; Jn. 16:27; Jn. 17:23; Jn. 17:24; Jn. 17:26; Jn. 19:26; Jn. 20:2; Jn. 21:7; Jn. 21:15; Jn. 21:16; Jn. 21:17; Jn. 21:20) (ED: Brian Bell adds "Ch’s.1-12 Jesus is the Light; Ch’s.13-21 Jesus is Love.") the Son's unique relation to the Father; the coming and ministry of the Holy Spirit; and Jesus' High Priestly Prayer, in which He prays for Himself, His disciples, and future believers. Jesus knew certainly that the hour of His Passover sacrifice was at hand. Since "His hour had come" and Jesus loved His own, He carried out that love to its perfect conclusion by (1) His humble service, (2) His teaching, and (3) His death on the cross; He loved them "to the end" or perfectly (telos, Gk.). The word "depart" describes Jesus' death in terms of a journey, and in a Passover context may indicate that His death was a second and ultimate Exodus, with deliverance from spiritual bondage. His death is not the termination of a life, but an act providing freedom from sin's captivity. The washing of the disciples' feet could well emphasize cleansing in relation to redemption. Rod Mattoon entitles John 13:1-7 "Looking to the Cross when Double-Crossed." Skip Heitzig comments that on "every Passover, the (Jewish) children would ask a question...."What makes this night different from all other nights?" (See Haggadah) I want you to think about that question, in terms of if one of the disciples, perhaps, asked that question to Jesus. And perhaps one of them did. That was part of the protocol. Maybe one of the disciples, like a child would do at a Passover, following the protocol the typical Haggadah of the Jews said, master, what makes this night different from all other nights?.....Meals were considered sacred....To eat with somebody was an intimate form of fellowship. If you want to be close to someone, you break bread together. And essentially, that meal, that bread, that I put in my mouth, becomes a part of my body. The bread you put in your mouth from the same loaf becomes, eventually, a part of your body. So we are, in essence, becoming a part of each other. ESV Study Bible has an excellent summary of John 13-16 - The community is first cleansed both literally and symbolically through the footwashing (Jn 13:1-17), and then figuratively through the removal of the betrayer (Jn 13:18-30). The Farewell Discourse proper extends from Jn 13:31 to Jn 16:33 and contains Jesus’ final instructions to his followers before his arrest and crucifixion. (BORROW ESV Study Bible page 2050) John
João 13
Wiersbe - Peter must have recalled this lesson on humility years later when he wrote 1 Peter 5:5-6+. Read these verses carefully. Too many Christians today are fighting for recognition and position and need to recall this lesson in humility. God resists the proud but gives grace to the humble. (BORROW Wiersbe's Expository Outlines on the New Testament PAGE 246). "You younger men, likewise, be subject (aorist imperative see our need to depend on the Holy Spirit to obey - after Acts 2:1,4, 14+ Peter came to understand his need the supernatural power of the Holy Spirit to carry out God's supernatural work - Eph 2:10+!) to your elders; and all of you, clothe (egkomboomai in aorist imperative - another command = same need!) yourselves with humility toward one another (cf same word in Php 2:3+), for GOD IS OPPOSED TO THE PROUD, BUT GIVES GRACE TO THE HUMBLE. 6 Therefore humble (aorist imperative - another command = same need!) yourselves under the mighty hand of God, that He may exalt you at the proper time" (1 Peter 5:5–6+) Reclined (377)(anapipto from ana - intensifies meaning + pipto - to fall) means literally to fall down (Only use in the Lxx - Ge 49:9 "lies down as a lion") and then to lie down to as to eat which is the meaning in all 11 uses in the NT, most often meaning to recline on the ground (Mt. 15:35; Mk 6:40; 8:6; Lk 14:10; 17:7, 22:14, Jn 6:10, 13:12), sometimes on sofas (Luke 11:37; 22:14; John 21:20) and of John when he reclined on Jesus' breast (Jn 13:23, 25). In classical Greek anapiptō is used to express a physical falling or leaning back, as in the motion of rowing. It came to be used of the reclining posture at meals. Anapipto - leaned back(1), leaning back(1), recline(1), reclined(3), sat down(2), sit down(4). Matt. 15:35; Mk. 6:40; Mk. 8:6; Lk. 11:37; Lk. 14:10; Lk. 17:7; Lk. 22:14; Jn. 6:10; Jn. 13:12; Jn. 13:25; Jn. 21:20 C H
João 13
Wiersbe - Jesus with the towel is the perfect example of humility; Judas with the bread is a perfect example of hypocrisy and treachery. (BORROW With the Word) J