1 Reis 13
Warren Wiersbe · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Reis 13
Wiersbe points out that "Frequently in Old Testament history we find a prophet confronting a king with “Thus says the Lord.” Whenever a king, a priest, or even another prophet stepped out of line, a prophet would step forward and rebuke him; and if the prophet’s message was ignored, God’s hand of judgment would fall. (See 1 Kings 13:21–22; 14:6–11; 16:1–4; 20:28ff; 2 Kings 1:16; 22:14–15.) Israel was to be a people of God’s Word, and God’s Word must be held higher than even the word of the king." (Bible Exposition Commentary) Man of God is a beautiful moniker, one we should all seek to attain to, one used to designate prophets (Shemaiah is called a prophet in 1Ch 12:5) and other men of God some 78x in 73 verses... Deut. 33:1 (Moses the man of God); Jos. 14:6 (Moses the man of God); Jdg. 13:6, 8 (Refers to a prophet); 1 Sam. 2:27; 1 Sam. 9:6; 1 Sam. 9:7; 1 Sam. 9:8; 1 Sam. 9:10; 1 Ki. 12:22; 1 Ki. 13:1; 1 Ki. 13:4; 1 Ki. 13:5; 1 Ki. 13:6; 1 Ki. 13:7; 1 Ki. 13:8; 1 Ki. 13:11; 1 Ki. 13:12; 1 Ki. 13:14; 1 Ki. 13:21; 1 Ki. 13:26; 1 Ki. 13:29; 1 Ki. 13:31; 1 Ki. 17:18; 1 Ki. 17:24; 1 Ki. 20:28; 2 Ki. 1:9; 2 Ki. 1:10; 2 Ki. 1:11; 2 Ki. 1:12; 2 Ki. 1:13; 2 Ki. 4:7; 2 Ki. 4:9; 2 Ki. 4:16; 2 Ki. 4:21; 2 Ki. 4:22; 2 Ki. 4:25; 2 Ki. 4:27; 2 Ki. 4:40; 2 Ki. 4:42; 2 Ki. 5:8; 2 Ki. 5:14; 2 Ki. 5:15; 2 Ki. 5:20; 2 Ki. 6:6; 2 Ki. 6:9; 2 Ki. 6:10; 2 Ki. 6:15; 2 Ki. 7:2; 2 Ki. 7:17; 2 Ki. 7:18; 2 Ki. 7:19; 2 Ki. 8:2; 2 Ki. 8:4; 2 Ki. 8:7; 2 Ki. 8:8; 2 Ki. 8:11; 2 Ki. 13:19; 2 Ki. 23:16; 2 Ki. 23:17; 1 Chr. 23:14; 2 Chr. 8:14 (David man of God); 2 Chr. 11:2; 2 Chr. 25:7; 2 Chr. 25:9; 2 Chr. 30:16; Ezr. 3:2 (Moses, the man of God); Neh. 12:24; Neh. 12:36; Ps. 90:1; Jer. 35:4; 1 Tim. 6:11; 2 Tim. 3:17 2Ti 3:16-17+ explains how one becomes and remains a man of God - All Scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for training in righteousness; so that the man of God may be adequate, equipped for every good work. QUESTION - What can we learn from the man of God and the lying prophet? ANSWER - In 1 Kings 13 we read of a person called only a “man of God” who was sent by the Lord from Judah to prophesy against King Jeroboam of Israel. He declared, “O altar, altar, thus says the LORD: ‘Behold, a son shall be born to the house of David, Josiah by name, and he shall sacrifice on you the priests of the high places who make offerings on you, and human bones shall be burned on you’” (verse 2). The unnamed prophet also gave a sign: “Behold, the altar shall be torn down, and the ashes that are on it shall be poured out” (verse 3). Jeroboam sought to seize the man, “but the hand he stretched out toward the man shriveled up, so that he could not pull it back” (1 Kings 13:4). At the same moment, “the altar was split apart and its ashes poured out according to the sign given by the man of God by the word of the Lord” (verse 5). The king asked for the man of God to pray for him and his hand. When the man of God healed the king’s hand, the king attempted to reward him, but the man of God replied, “So was it commanded me by the word of the LORD, saying, ‘You shall neither eat bread nor drink water nor return by the way that you came’” (verse 9). This man of God was careful to keep God’s three-fold command. He ate nothing and drank nothing, and he began to walk a different way home. However, on his way home, another, older prophet came to him, saying, “I also am a prophet as you are, and an angel spoke to me by the word of the LORD, saying, ‘Bring him back with you into your house that he may eat bread and drink water’” (verse 18). But this second prophet was lying. No angel had visited him, and God had not spoken to him regarding the matter. But the man of God believed the old prophet and went home with him. At supper the old prophet suddenly received a true word from God: “This is what the Lord says: ‘You have defied the word of the Lord and have not kept the command the Lord your God gave you. You came back and ate bread and drank water in the place where he told you not to eat or drink. Therefore your body will not be buried in the tomb of your ancestors” (1 Kings 13:21–22). When the man of God left, “a lion met him on the road and killed him. And his body was thrown in the road, and the donkey stood beside it; the lion also stood beside the body” (verse 24). The prophet who had lied buried the man of God in his own grave and instructed his own sons to, upon his death, bury him beside the man of God. In doing these things, the old prophet showed his sincere belief that the prophet who died had been a true man of God—his prophecies against the idolaters of Israel would come true (1 Kings 13:31–32). This account concludes with a note on the king’s stubborn refusal to obey: “After this thing Jeroboam did not turn from his evil way, but made priests for the high places again from among all the people. Any who would, he ordained to be priests of the high places. And this thing became sin to the house of Jeroboam, so as to cut it off and to destroy it from the face of the earth” (1 Kings 13:33–34). So we have a prophet who lied and a prophet who died. In this account we see that both the godly and the ungodly face consequences for disobedience to the Lord. The evil king faced judgment because of his idolatry. And the man of God likewise faced judgment for his disobedience. No one is above the rules. We also see that sometimes temptations come from surprising quarters. The king tempted the man of God to break God’s command, but the man of God refused. His guard was up, and there was no way he would disobey God for the sake of dining with an evil king. However, when a fellow prophet tempted the man of God to sin, he gave in. His guard was let down, and he did disobey God for the sake of dining with a (seemingly) genuine prophet. When God speaks, the matter is settled. There is never an excuse for disobeying God’s Word. Even a fellow believer—even an angel descending from heaven—cannot nullify God’s Word (cf. Galatians 1:8–9). John Kitto - Illustrations - 1 Kings 13 The Two Prophets James Smith - “ALAS, MY BROTHER!” OR, THE DECEIVED PROPHET SLAIN 1 Kings 13 “Mortal! thou standest on a point of time, With an eternity on either hand; Thou hast one duty, above all sublime— Where thou art placed serenely stand.” —HOUGHTON. This is a melancholy story. It is always infinitely sad to see those who were once mightily used of God tripped up in the end through temptation, and falling a prey to him who goeth about like a roaring lion seeking whom he may devour. But although the lion slew this prophet of God he was not permitted to devour him (v. 25). There are seven things about this unfortunate man that we would like to point out. I. He was a True Believer. He is called “A man of God” (1Ki 13:1). He was not a mere “man of the world” whose portion is in this life, but one who has personal dealings with God, and who in heart and life belonged to Him. Not a mere professor or time-server, but a true servant of the Most High. II. He was a Man with a Message. “He came by the Word of the Lord unto Beth-el” (v. 1). He was not a commentator, but he was an ambassador. He had a ministry committed to him by the Lord, a ministry of warning and condemnation. No evangelist was ever more surely called of God than this man. “A man of God” is one whom God has lifted up and fitted as a vessel for His own use, committing to him His own precious treasure (2 Cor. 4:7). III. He was a Man of Courage. “He cried against the altar in the Word of the Lord” (1Ki 13:2). He testified with a loud voice against this altar built by Jeroboam as a rival of Jehovah’s, even while the king “stood by.” The Word of God burned in his bones, and he could not but speak the things which he had heard from Him. It was so also with Peter and John (Acts 4:20). IV. He was a Man of Power. God bore witness to his testimony by signs and wonders in the stiffening of the king’s arm and hand which was stretched out to “lay hold on him,” and also in the “rending of the altar” and the spilling of the ashes. “Signs following” are always an evidence that the man is not serving God in his own strength. He had power for service because he spoke in the Name of the Lord. When God works through His servants it is as a wonder-worker. We may well question whether GOD is working through us if signs and wonders are not being wrought (Mark 16:17). V. He was a Man of Self-Denial. After praying for the restoration of the king’s hand (for he had also power in prayer), the king asked him to “come and refresh himself and take a reward,” but he would not (1Ki 13:6–9). Like Elijah, he would “receive none” (2 Kings 5:16). He was no hireling in the work of the Lord. He knew what it was to deny himself and take up his cross and follow Him who had called him. Surely such a mighty man as this will never fail! But, alas! VI. He Fell through a False Professor. This old liar pretended that an angel had spoken to him, saying, “Bring him back” (1Ki 13:11–18). At first he refused, but being tired and hungry (the Devil seemed to take advantage of his physical weakness) he was finally persuaded to turn aside from the revealed will of God and to obey the invention of man. The temptation was sore, but his way was perfectly clear. He had a revelation from God, and so ought not to be turned aside by any private interpretation of man. In obeying the false prophet he must have been quite conscious that in his conduct he was contradicting the deeper conviction of his soul. If our hearts condemn us not then have we confidence toward God. Hearken not to those prophets who would “make you vain” by ministering to the lusts of the flesh, “they speak a vision of their own heart” (Jer. 23:16). Beloved, believe not every spirit, but try the spirits whether they are of God, because there are many false prophets gone out into the world (1 John 4:1). There is one mark by which you may know them, and that is “lightness” (Jer. 23:32). They have little reverence for the “Word of God” or the atoning blood of His Son; they try if possible to “deceive the very elect” (Matt. 24:24). This man went back and, it cost him his life, for a lion met him and slew him (1Ki 13:24). It was the end of his testimony for God. The influence of false teachers makes men less faithful to God and His Word. By their fruits ye shall know them. VII. He was Mourned over by the One who Deceived Him. “He laid his body in his own grave, saying, “Alas, my brother” (1Ki 13:30). Yes, well may he mourn, after tempting him into the net of destruction. Even being buried in the same grave will not atone for the sin of deception. How will he face him in the resurrection whom he had lured from the will of God by the substituting of his own thoughts for God’s? How shall it fare with the false teachers (higher critics) of our day when in the presence of God they are face to face with the faith, withering fruits of their self-created visions? “Alas, my brother,” take heed how ye hear, stand fast in the truth. R C
1 Reis 13
Wiersbe has an interesting note that "The prophet spoke to the altar, not to the king, as though God no longer wanted to address Jeroboam, a man so filled with himself and his plans that he had no time to listen to God. The message declared that the future lay with the house of David, not with the house of Jeroboam." (Bible Exposition Commentary) John T Gates - This is one of the most remarkable instances in the OT of prophecy demonstrating God's omniscience. This forecast is on a level with the Isaianic prophecy regarding Cyrus (Isa 45:1 ff.). Because this forecast is so remarkable, 'liberal' Biblical critics have sought to reduce it to an ad hoc status. However, to regard this as a historical insertion, coming to pass after the day of King Josiah, is utterly to fail to understand the true genius of prophecy. (BORROW The Wycliffe Bible Commentary page 324). This remarkable prediction, specifically naming Josiah, who became the king about 300 years later (2Ki 21:26 2Ki 23:15-20) predicting that Josiah would slaughter the illegitimate priests of the high places of his day who made offerings on the altar at Bethel. This recalls Isaiah's prediction of birth of Cyrus in Isaiah 44:28 (see Gleason Archer's discussion of importance of Cyrus in Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties page 274) and of course the greatest prophecy of all time, the birth of Messiah in Isaiah 9:6. See also THE BIBLE (its uniqueness and inspiration) Behold (02009) hinneh is an interjection meaning behold, look, now; if. "It is used often and expresses strong feelings, surprise, hope, expectation, certainty, thus giving vividness depending on its surrounding context." (Baker) Hinneh generally directs our mind to the text, imploring the reader to give it special attention. In short, the Spirit is trying to arrest our attention! And so hinneh is used as an exclamation of vivid immediacy (e.g., read Ge 6:13)! Hinneh is a marker used to enliven a narrative, to express a change a scene, to emphasize an idea, to call attention to a detail or an important fact or action that follows (Isa 65:17, Ge 17:20, 41:17). The first use of hinneh in Ge 1:29 and second in Ge 1:31 - "And God saw all that He had made, and behold, it was very good. And there was evening and there was morning, the sixth day." Hinneh is oftn used in the idiom "Here I am" in Ge 22:1, 7,11 Ge 27:1,18, Ge 31:11, Ge 46:2 Ex 3:4 1Sa 3:4, 3:16, 12:3, 2Sa 1:7, Isa 52:6, Isa 58:9. Hinneh is used most often to point out people but also to point out things (Ge 31:41, 17:4). God uses hinneh to grab man's attention before He brings destruction (Ge 6:13, 17). God uses hinneh when He establishes covenants (Ge 9:9, 15:12, 17 [when Jehovah cut the Abrahamic covenant], Ge 17:4, cp Ge 28:13, 15), when He provided a sacrificial substitute for Isaac (foreshadowing His giving us His only Son!) (Ge 22:13). Hinneh marks the "chance (The Providence of God)" arrival of Boaz at the field where Ruth was gleaning (Ru 2:4-read about this "chance romance" - Indeed, "Behold!"). Hinneh is used to announce the Lord’s sending of a child as a sign and a prophecy of Immanuel-Emmanuel, the Messiah (Isa. 7:14-note). In fact W E Vine says that it is notable that when behold (hinneh) is used in Isaiah, it always introduces something relating to future circumstances.
1 Reis 13
Wiersbe - Had the prophet eaten a meal with the king, that one simple act would have wiped out the effectiveness of his witness and ministry. In the east, sharing a meal is a sign of friendship and endorsement. The prophet certainly didn’t want to be a friend to such an evil man or give others the impression that he endorsed his wicked works....A compromising servant of God muddies the waters and confuses the saints. (Bible Exposition Commentary) Iain Provan suggests that "We may be intended to read Jeroboam’s invitation to dine and receive a gift (1Ki 13:7), then, as an attempt to buy the Judean’s loyalty. If the prophet can reverse God’s judgment in the small matter of the hand, perhaps he can also exchange the curse on the altar for a blessing. The invitation from the old prophet living in Bethel (a false prophet who later spoke truly) can be understood in the same way (1Ki 13:11, 15)—as an attempt to stave off the destruction of Bethel, and the desecration of his own tomb, which he knows must follow the Judean’s words of verse 2 (1Ki 13:32). It is concern about the possibility of corruption, then, that may lie behind the instructions given to the Judean about his journey. He is to go directly to Bethel and come directly back. He is not even to stop for refreshment, and he is to vary his route so that he cannot easily be found and prevented from completing his mission (cf. Matt. 2:12). It is when he does stop 1Ki 13:14) that his troubles begin. (See 1 & 2 Kings (Understanding the Bible Commentary Series) - Page 66) 1 Kings 13:8 But the man of God said to the king, “If you were to give me half your house I would not go with you, nor would I eat bread or drink water in this place. If: Nu 22:18 Nu 24:13 Ex 5:3,6 7:2 Mk 6:23 go: 2Ki 5:16,26,27 Mk 6:11 2Co 11:9,10 Related Passages: Numbers 22:18 Balaam replied to the servants of Balak, “Though Balak were to give me his house full of silver and gold, I could not do anything, either small or great, contrary to the command of the LORD my God. Numbers 24:13 ‘Though Balak were to give me his house full of silver and gold, I could not do anything contrary to the command of the LORD, either good or bad, of my own accord. What the LORD speaks, that I will speak’? MAN OF GOD IS MAN OF INTEGRITY But - Term of contrast. Even if Jeroboam's offer was a temptation, the man of God was not having any part of it. The man of God said to the king, “If you were to give me half your house I would not go with you, nor would I eat bread or drink water in this place - This is an emphatic rejection of fellowship with Bethel and Jeroboam's kingdom. The man of God was not like Baalam who functioned as "prophet for hire!" (See Balaam). In contrast to Balaam this man of God could not be "bought off." THOUGHT - If one gets in ministry for the money (like Balaam), they are in the wrong business. Dale Ralph Davis on Jeroboam's attempt to appease the prophet of God - Was it an invitation to return and enjoy his goodness? Manipulation, however, was not the way back (1Ki 11:7) and Jeroboam’s smooth tactic meets a direct rebuff, a sign of repudiation (1Ki 11:8–9). Leaving lunchless was a form of acted excommunication—the true man of God was to have no dealings, enjoy no fellowship, carry on no relations with the apostate regime. Jeroboam & Co. were cut off from the true people of God. The acted sermon was as clear as the spoken. (1 Kings: The Wisdom and the Folly ) Bob