Isaías 11
Tony Garland · Citado em PreceptAustin
Isaías 11
Garland comments: If Jesus literally and physically slays His enemies at His Second Coming (Rev 19:21), how is it that the sword is figurative—coming out of His mouth? It represents the sword of the Spirit, the word of God: that which God has set forth as His spoken will (Eph 6:17). Those who are slain meet their doom because they are judged by God’s righteous word (Heb 4:12). They have consistently violated its precepts and standards and their destruction has been prophesied. In many ways, the action of their slaying is the unavoidable result of what God has said. This is why Jesus slays His enemies with His lips: “He shall strike the earth with the rod of His mouth, and with the breath of His lips He shall slay the wicked” (Isa. 11:4). His mouth is like a sharp sword (Isa. 49:2). Hence, when Antichrist is destroyed, he is consumed “with the breath of [the Lord’s] mouth” (2Th 2:8). The ultimate reason they are slain is found in God’s testimony—the law written in stone found in the ark of the covenant (Rev 11:19; Rev 15:5). The written law is His word, thus the weapon is said to come forth from His mouth. (A Testimony of Jesus Christ - Revelation 19:15) Isaiah again describes the Messiah in similar terms… He (God the Father) has made My (Messiah's) mouth like a sharp sword, in the shadow of His hand He has concealed Me; and He has also made Me a select arrow, He has hidden Me in His quiver. (Is 49:2) In Psalm 2 we read that… Thou (Messiah) shalt break them (Ps 2:2 The kings of the earth take their stand, And the rulers take counsel together Against the LORD and against His Anointed) with a rod of iron, Thou (Messiah) shalt shatter them like earthenware.'" (Ps 2:9) Comment: This is not the gradual conversion of the world to Christ – it is the forceful and aggressive intervention of God to bring the nations into obedience to the Son… The association of the rod with His mouth points to the Word of God as embodied in the law – which is the basis by which the world is to be judged. (See Dr Garland's notes on Psalm 2 - Why Do the Nations Rage?) With the breath of His lips He will slay the wicked - Another figurative description that emphasizes Messiah's supernatural power to inflict physical harm! Paul records a parallel description of Messiah's striking of the Antichrist… And then that lawless one (Antichrist) will be revealed (the first 3.5 years he is not fully revealed, but at the midpoint of the last 7 years his sinister Satan empowered character will be fully revealed) whom the Lord will slay with the breath of His mouth and bring to an end by the appearance of His coming (2Thes 2:8) CHARACTERISTICS OF MESSIAH'S RULE DURING THE MILLENNIUM Dr John Walvoord describes the… From a governmental standpoint, the reign of Christ in the millennium will have three important characteristics. First, it will be a rule over the entire earth. It was God’s intent from the beginning of the creation of man that the earth should be ruled over by man. Adam sacrificed his right to rule when sin entered the human race, God’s purpose, however, is fulfilled in Jesus Christ. In Psalm 2:6-9 God declares His purpose to set His king in Zion who will have as His possession “the uttermost parts of the earth.” In Daniel 2:35 a stone which fills the whole earth is an anticipation of the universal rule of Christ. Daniel 7:14 is explicit: “And there was given him dominion, and glory, and a kingdom, that all the peoples, nations, and languages should serve him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed.” This idea is repeated in Daniel 7:27 and becomes a frequent theme of prophecy (cf. Ps 72:8; Mic 4:1-2; Zech 9:10). The title of Christ given in Revelation 19:16, “KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS,” makes it plain that He is supreme ruler over the entire earth. The second important characteristic of the millennial rule of Christ is that His government will be absolute in its authority and power. This is demonstrated in His destruction of all who oppose Him (cf. Ps 2:9; 72:9-11 ; Isa 11:4). Such an absolute rule, of course, is in keeping with the person and majesty of the King in whom is all the power and sovereignty of God. The third important aspect of the government of Christ in the millennium will be that of righteousness and justice. Most of the millennial passages emphasize this as the outstanding feature of of the millennium. Isaiah 11:3-5 assures the poor and the meek that their cause will be dealt with righteously in that day. The wicked are warned to serve the Lord lest they feel His wrath (Ps 2:10-12). It seems evident from many passages that no open sin will go unpunished… Another important characteristic of the millennial rule of Christ is that His government will be absolute in its authority and power. This is demonstrated in His destruction of all who oppose Him (cf. Ps 2:9; 72:9-11 ; Isa 11:4). Such an absolute rule, of course, is in keeping with the Person and majesty of the King in Whom is all the power and sovereignty of God. (The Righteous Government of the Millennium) Isaiah 11:5 Also righteousness will be the belt about His loins, and faithfulness the belt about His waist.: righteousness: Isa 59:17 Ps 93:1 2Co 6:7 Eph 6:14 1Pe 4:1 Rev 1:13 faithfulness: Isa 25:1 Ho 2:20 Heb 2:17 1Jn 1:9 Rev 3:14) Righteousness… the belt… faithfulness the belt - These attributes (like a belt firmly attached to one's body) were intimately associated with the Messiah and affected everything He did.
Isaías 11
Garland adds that four corners… is figurative language indicating the four main compass directions (Ezek 7:2; Rev 7:1-note). This verse clearly teaches that God is not "finished" with Israel as is often taught by those who do not accept a literal interpretation. Instead these observers "replace" the nation of Israel with the Church as the recipient of these OT prophecies that clearly were originally promised to the literal nation of Israel. Dr John Walvoord addresses the place of the literal nation of Israel in the future government of Christ noting that… In contrast to the present church age in which Jew and Gentile are on an equal plane of privilege, the millennium is clearly a period of time in which Israel is in prominence and blessing. Though many passages speak of Gentile blessing as well, Christ will reign as the Son of David, and Israel as a nation will be exalted. Passages of the Old Testament which have been studied previously anticipating a future day of glory for Israel find their fulfillment in the millennial reign of Christ. The regathering of Israel, a prominent theme of most of the prophets, has its purpose realized in the re-establishment of Israel in their ancient land. Israel as a nation is delivered from her persecutors in the time of tribulation and brought into the place of blessing and restoration. J. Dwight Pentecost gives an excellent summary of the important place of Israel in the millennium in the following statement: “Israel will become the subjects of the King’s reign (Isa 9:6-7; 33:17, 22 ; 44:6 ; Jer 23:5; Mic 2:13; 4:7 ; Dan 4:3; 7:14, 22, 27 ). In order to be subjects, Israel, first, will have been converted and restored to the land, as has already been shown. Second, Israel will be reunited as a nation (Jer 3:18; 33:14 ; Ezek 20:40; 37:15-22 ; 39:25 ; Hos 1:11). Third, the nation will again be related to Jehovah by marriage (Isa 54:1-17; 62:2-5 ; Hos 2:14-23). Fourth, she will be exalted above the Gentiles (Isa 14:1-2; 49:22-23 ; 60:14-17 ; 61:6-7 ). Fifth, Israel will be made righteous (Isa 1:25; 2:4 ; 44:22-24 ; 45:17-25 ; 48:17 ; 55:7 ; 57:18-19 ; 63:16 ; Jer 31:11; 33:8 ; 50:20, 34 ; Ezek 36:25-26; Hos 14:4; Joel 3:21; Mic 7:18-19; Zech 13:9; Mal 3:2-3). Sixth, the nation will become God’s witnesses during the millennium (Isa 44:8, 21; 61:6 ; 66:21 ; Jer 16:19-21; Mic 5:7; Zeph 3:20; Zech 4:1-7; 4:11-14 ; Zech 8:23). Seventh, Israel will be beautified to bring glory to Jehovah (Isa 62:3; Jer 32:41; Hos 14:5-6; Zeph 3:16-17; Zech 9:16-17)” (“Biblical Eschatology,” unpublished Doctor’s dissertation, pp. 651-52). (The Righteous Government of the Millennium) Isaiah 11:13 Then the jealousy of Ephraim will depart, and those who harass Judah will be cut off; Ephraim will not be jealous of Judah, and Judah will not harass Ephraim.: Be jealous: Isa 7:1-6 Jer 3:18 Eze 37:16-24 Ho 1:11 Then - is an expression of time - Always interrogate with the 5W/H'S When is then? In the Millennial kingdom. Ephraim - This was the largest tribe and in context stands for the ten tribes of the Northern Kingdom. Jamieson discusses the jealousy of Ephraim (as a tribe) noting that it… began as early as the time (Jdg 8:1; 12:1, etc). Joshua had sprung from, and resided among the Ephraimites (Nu 13:9; Josh 19:50); the sanctuary was with them for a time (Jos 18:1). The jealousy increased subsequently (2Sa 2:8, etc. 2Sa 19:41; 20:2; 3:10); and even before David’s time (1Sa 11:8; 15:4), they had appropriated to themselves the national name Israel. It ended in disruption (1Ki 11:26, etc. 1Ki 12:1-33; compare 2Ki 14:9; Ps 78:56-71). Those who harass Judah will be cut off - This could refer to the removal of the enemies of Judah. This phrase however in the original Hebrew does suggest another interpretation - "the hostile ones of Judah" which speaks of Judah's hostility to Ephraim. The latter is probably the most accurate interpretation as it would be more compatible with the jealously of Ephraim. Jealousy… will depart… will not be jealous… will not harass - Israel's future hope involved reconciliation between the two nations of Ephraim (Northern Kingdom) and Judah (Southern Kingdom). Jealousy and harassment would have no place in their relationship. They were to become friends. The reconciliation foreseen here was ultimately fulfilled through individual tribe member's belief in the Messiah, Who became their "Peace" and made the two into one nation. Reconciliation with God, will lead to reconciliation between the Jewish members of the divided nation. Isaiah 11:14 They will swoop down on the slopes of the Philistines on the west; Together they will plunder the sons of the east; They will possess Edom and Moab, and the sons of Ammon will be subject to them.: Philistines: Ob 1:19 Zep 2:5 Zec 9:5-7 On the west: Isa 59:19 66:19,20 Mt 8:11 Plunder: Isa 33:1 Jer 49:28 Eze 38:1-39:2 east: Isa 25:10 34:5,6 60:14 Nu 24:17 Da 11:41 Joe 3:19 Am 9:12 Ob 1:18) They - Reunited Ephraim (Israel, Northern Kingdom) and Judah (Southern Kingdom). They will swoop down - A metaphor of a bird flying in on its prey. The slopes of the Philistines on the west - The small foothills between Philistia and the hill country west of Judah. West… east - The reunited nation will be free of foreign oppression and able to finally live securely in the "land of milk and honey." They will possess Edom and Moab - KJV says "They shall lay their hand upon Edom and Moab." The Hebrew more literally reads "“Edom and Moab [will be the place of] the outstretching of their hand." One's "hand outstretched" was a picture of exertion of power. Thus Edom and Moab will be under the jurisdiction of Reunited Israel. Swoop… plunder… possess… subject - The reunited nation under the Kingship of the Messiah will be the most powerful nation in the world, the dominant political force. Isaiah 11:15 And the LORD will utterly destroy the tongue of the Sea of Egypt; and He will wave His hand over the river with His scorching wind; and He will strike it into seven streams and make men walk over dry-shod.: ( utterly: Isa 50:2 51:9,10 Zec 10:11) (Wind: Ex 14:21) Wave: Isa 19:16 Strike: Isa 19:5-10 Ex 7:19-21 Ps 74:13-15 Eze 29:10 30:12 Rev 16:12 A SECOND "EXODUS" POSB - The Savior will remove all obstacles that hinder the return of His people to the promised land (Isaiah 11:15-16). A second exodus will actually take place. Interestingly, Isaiah predicted that the Gulf of Suez will be dried up and the great Euphrates River will become so dry that it will be divided into seven shallow streams (see Ex.14:21-22). In that day no obstacle will be able to prevent the return of the Jewish remnant back to the promised land (v.11). The Savior will actually make a great highway for His people to leave the land of Assyria, their brutal enslavers (v.16). Keep in mind that the land of Assyria was eventually conquered by Babylon and Persia and that the Jews were freed by Persia. This great highway symbolizes the absolute certainty of the Jews’ return to the promised land. Absolutely nothing will be able to stop their return. When Jesus Christ returns to earth, there will be a movement of God’s Spirit among the Jews. There will be a remnant of believers who will be saved. From every nation of the world there will be a stream of Jewish believers turning to the Lord as the true Messiah, the Savior who was promised to their father Abraham ( Ro.11:1-36) (Preacher's Outline and Sermon Bible - Commentary - Isaiah) The tongue of the Sea of Egypt - The Sea of Egypt is the Red Sea, thus refers to the region of the modern day Suez Canal which will be dried up to prepare a way for dispersed Jews to return to Israel. The river - The NIV interprets this river as the Euphrates (Isa 11:15NIV). Seven streams - Instead of difficult to cross intact river, there will be seven shallow streams which can be easily traversed. Stream (05158) (nachal) means a dry river bed or ravine which in the rainy season can quickly turn into a raging torrent. A wadi. The NET Bible Note says streams "refers to a Wadi, (Wadi - Wikipedia) or seasonal stream, which runs during the rainy season, but is otherwise dry. The context here favors the translation, "dried up streams." The number seven suggests totality and completeness. Here it indicates that God's provision for escape will be thorough and more than capable of accommodating the returning exiles. Walk over dry-shod - This reminds us of God's drying up of the Red Sea when He brought His people out of Egypt (a picture of the "world") in order to bring them in to the promised land of milk and honey, a promise they were not able to retain because of their unfaithfulness. Here in Isaiah 11, the land into which the Lord brings the believing remnant of Israel will be the consummation if you will of the promised land of milk and honey! In Exodus we read "Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea; and the LORD swept the sea back by a strong east wind all night and turned the sea into dry land, so the waters were divided. The sons of Israel went through the midst of the sea on the dry land, and the waters were like a wall to them on their right hand and on their left. (Ex 14:21-22). Jennings - The Israel that shall read this (ED: IN THE FUTURE, IN THE LAST OF THE LAST DAYS), will understand the figure of both sea (TONGUE OF THE SEA) and river again drying up as in the past. It would convey absolute truth to their minds, altogether apart from a literal repetition of those miracles. There shall be obstacles to the return, corresponding to the Red "sea" (as between Egypt and Arabia, called the"sea-tongue"). His ban shall be on the one, the "sea"—that is, on what shall represent the sea of Egypt in that final deliverance, possibly the nations that otherwise would have retained His people. They shall interpose no obstacle, but, so thoroughly shall their opposition be destroyed, that they shall rather further that return. Over that other obstacle, the river—Euphrates, which is always meant when nothing is added—He swings His hand as if to smite it, at the same time a puff of His glowing breath, so graphically speaking of His wrath, divides it into seven easily fordable brooklets—in a word, there shall be nothing to impede their return. It is impossible that the mind should not turn to Revelation 16:12-note, where again we have the Euphrates "dried up, that the way of the kings of the rising of the sun might be prepared"; and this drying up is by the pouring out of the last of those vials, in which is filled up the wrath of God. In the Old Testament, the hot breath of His wrath dries up the river; in the New, the vial of His wrath. Surely there is a strong similarity, even though the two scriptures may not refer to the same moment; for in Revelation the Lord's manifestation in glory follows—in Isaiah precedes this drying up. In neither would there appear to be any necessity for a literal accomplishment of these prophecies to be looked for, certainly not in that book of symbols, Revelation.....This surely testifies in harmony with the many portents that are passing before us, that the Lord's coming is near, although no one can say how near. Can we greatly err if we accept it as a solemn call to us, individually, to be practically ready by putting away everything inconsistent with seeing His face? (Isaiah 11 Commentary) Isaiah 11:16 And there will be a highway from Assyria for the remnant of His people who will be left, just as there was for Israel In the day that they came up out of the land of Egypt.: Will be: Isa 11:11 19:23 27:13 35:8-10 40:3,4 49:12 57:14 as it was: Isa 42:15,16 48:20,21 51:10 63:12,13 Ex 14:26-29 GOD WILL MAKE A WAY Isaiah frequently speaks of the remnant returning to Jerusalem Isaiah 35:8; 9-note A highway will be there, a roadway, And it will be called the Highway of Holiness. The unclean will not travel on it, But it will be for him who walks that way, And fools will not wander on it. 9 No lion will be there, Nor will any vicious beast go up on it; These will not be found there. But the redeemed will walk there, Isaiah 42:16 “I will lead the blind by a way they do not know, In paths they do not know I will guide them. I will make darkness into light before them And rugged places into plains. These are the things I will do, And I will not leave them undone.” Isaiah 43:19 “Behold, I will do something new, Now it will spring forth; Will you not be aware of it? I will even make a roadway in the wilderness, Rivers in the desert. Isaiah 48:21 They did not thirst when He led them through the deserts. He made the water flow out of the rock for them; He split the rock and the water gushed forth. Isaiah 49:11 “I will make all My mountains a road, And My highways will be raised up. Isaiah 57:14 And it will be said, “Build up, build up, prepare the way, Remove every obstacle out of the way of My people.” Isaiah 62:10 Go through, go through the gates, Clear the way for the people; Build up, build up the highway, Remove the stones, lift up a standard over the peoples. Wiersbe on the highway - The “highway” is one of Isaiah’s favorite images. Those who obey the Lord have a level and smooth road to walk (Isa 26:7, 8). When God calls His people back to their land, He will prepare the way for them (Isa 40:3, 4) and lead them safely (Isa 42:16). He will remove obstacles so the people can travel easily (Isa 49:11; 57:14; 62:10). God’s highway will be called “the Way of Holiness” (Isa 35:8). (Be comforted. An Old Testament study. (Is 9:1). Wheaton, Ill.: Victor Books) The Evangelical Commentary sums up God recovering His people the second time (Isa 11:11) - He gathers the scattered remnant of Israel and Judah from the nations in a “second” exodus. They will freely come from Egypt (Upper= Pathros and Lower), Cush (Nubia/Ethiopia, the Upper Nile region), Elam (east of Babylonia), Shinar (Babylonia), Hamath (region north of Damascus), and the Mediterranean coastlands. He will join together the twelve tribes and rule over a restored Israel. Nothing can stand in the way of God’s purpose. He will even dry up the Red Sea (“Egyptian” sea), make the Euphrates passable, and make a highway from Assyria and Egypt to Israel. The restoration from exile will be more glorious and more extensive than the first exodus. The fulfillment of this prophecy began in the restoration from exile (Elwell, W. A. Vol. 3: Evangelical Commentary on the Bible. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House)