Números 23
Thomas Constable · Citado em PreceptAustin
Números 23
Constable - The point is that God is not fickle. No one can induce Him to curse those whom He has chosen to bless. Has He said, and will He not do it? - Rhetorical. GWN is a good paraphrase "When he says something, he does it." Indeed is not His attribute of Faithfulness. Or has He spoken, and will He not make it good - Another rhetorical question - of course He will follow through. GWN = "When he makes a promise, he keeps it." NLT - "Has he ever promised and not carried it through? Why? Because He has cut a covenant with the Abraham, Isaac and Jacob as He declared in Genesis 17:7 (Ge 48:4) “I will establish My covenant between Me and you and your descendants after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your descendants after you." which is why "Abraham planted a tamarisk tree at Beersheba, and there he called on the name of the LORD, El Olam: Everlasting God." (Ge 21:33) Allen - All others may change; God—even with all his power—cannot change, for he cannot deny himself (cf. 1 Sam 15:29; Ps 89:35–37). God must fulfill his promise, for he has bound his character to his word. (EBC) Does God Change His Mind? From notes on Exodus 32:14 (see commentary). John MacArthur helps understand what seems to be somewhat at odds with God's attribute of immutable writing that "Moses’ appeal for God to change His mind, to relent, succeeded because God had only threatened judgment, not decreed it. A divine intention is not an unchangeable divine decree. Decrees or sworn declarations (cf. Ge 22:16–18; Ps 110:4) or categorical statements of not changing or relenting (cf. Jer 4:28; Eze 24:14; Zec 8:14, 15) are unconditional and bind the speaker to the stated course of action regardless of the circumstances or reactions of the listeners. Intentions retain a conditional element and do not necessarily bind the speaker to a stated course of action (cf. Jer 15:6; 18:8–10; 26:3, 13, 19; Joel 2:13; Jon 3:9, 10; 4:2)." (MSB-bolding added) Robert Chisholm - The article then argues that if God has issued a decree, He will not change His mind or deviate from it. However, the majority of God’s statements of intention are not decrees. And God can and often does deviate from such announcements. In these cases He “changes His mind” in the sense that He decides, at least for the time being, not to do what He had planned or announced as His intention. (See full article “Does God ‘Change His Mind’?” Bibliotheca Sacra 152). Excerpt from Chisholm's article - When God saw the Israelites worshiping the golden calf, He angrily announced to Moses His intention to destroy the people and raise up a new nation through Moses. “Now then let Me alone, that My anger may burn against them, and that I may destroy them; and I will make of you a great nation” (Exod. 32:10). The form of the statement (imperative + jussive + cohortative + cohortative) indicates that it is not a decree, but an expression of God’s frustration with His people. The implication is that Moses, if he did not leave God alone, might be able to persuade Him to change His mind. In fact this is exactly what happened (vv. 11-14). Moses appealed to God's reputation (“What will the Egyptians think?”), asked Him to relent from His stated course of action (v. 12), and reminded Him of His unconditional decree to the patriarchs (v. 13). Verse 14 states that God did indeed change His mind. Moses was able to succeed because God had only threatened judgment, not decreed it. Numbers 23:20 "Behold, I have received a command to bless; When He has blessed, then I cannot revoke it. NET Numbers 23:20 Indeed, I have received a command to bless; he has blessed, and I cannot reverse it. NLT Numbers 23:20 Listen, I received a command to bless; God has blessed, and I cannot reverse it! ESV Numbers 23:20 Behold, I received a command to bless: he has blessed, and I cannot revoke it. NIV Numbers 23:20 I have received a command to bless; he has blessed, and I cannot change it. KJV Numbers 23:20 Behold, I have received commandment to bless: and he hath blessed; and I cannot reverse it. YLT Numbers 23:20 Lo, to bless I have received: Yea, He blesseth, and I can not reverse it. LXE Numbers 23:20 Behold, I have received commandment to bless: I will bless, and not turn back. ASV Numbers 23:20 Behold, I have received commandment to bless: And he hath blessed, and I cannot reverse it. CSB Numbers 23:20 I have indeed received a command to bless; since He has blessed, I cannot change it. NKJ Numbers 23:20 Behold, I have received a command to bless; He has blessed, and I cannot reverse it. NRS Numbers 23:20 See, I received a command to bless; he has blessed, and I cannot revoke it. NAB Numbers 23:20 It is a blessing I have been given to pronounce; a blessing which I cannot restrain. NJB Numbers 23:20 The charge laid on me is to bless, I shall bless, and I cannot reverse it. GWN Numbers 23:20 I have received a command to bless. He has blessed, and I can't change it. He has blessed Nu 22:12 Ge 12:2 22:17 I cannot: Nu 22:18,38 Joh 10:27-29 Ro 8:38,39 1Pe 1:5 Numbers 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Behold, I have received a command to bless - The Hebrew text simply has “I have received [to] bless.” (NN) When He has blessed, then I cannot revoke it - Balaam has enough sense to realize that there is nothing he can do to reverse what God has said. "No, nor all the devils in hell. The promise is not yea and nay, but yea, yea." (Spurgeon Allen - Since the Lord is unlike fickle people, the command to bless is not subject to change at all. NN on revoke - The verb is the Hiphil of שׁוּב (shuv), meaning “to cause to return.” He cannot return God’s word to him, for it has been given, and it will be fulfilled. Bush - And I cannot reverse it. Or, Heb. “I shall not turn it away, or turn it back.” Chald. “And I shall not turn my blessing from them.” Our version, however, conveys the correct sense. Balaam would not reverse the divine decree because he could not; and what he says of himself holds true of all others and in all ages. The divine purposes insure to the members of the true church the performance of the divine promises. Not an iota of all that the Lord hath said shall fail. No power in heaven, earth, or hell, can avail to turn aside the Most High from his fixed purpose of bestowing the blessings of eternal life upon his genuine people. Is. 14:27, “For the Lord of hosts hath purposed, and who shall disannul it? and his hand is stretched out, and who shall turn it back?” How cheering the thought amidst the mutabilities of life—“Jesus Christ, the same yesterday, to-day, and forever!” How great the consolation to the Lord’s followers, that none can reverse what he has said; none turn the blessing into a curse! Numbers 23:21 "He has not observed misfortune in Jacob; Nor has He seen trouble in Israel; The LORD his God is with him, And the shout of a king is among them. BGT Numbers 23:21 οὐκ ἔσται μόχθος ἐν Ιακωβ οὐδὲ ὀφθήσεται πόνος ἐν Ισραηλ κύριος ὁ θεὸς αὐτοῦ μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ τὰ ἔνδοξα ἀρχόντων ἐν αὐτῷ NET Numbers 23:21 He has not looked on iniquity in Jacob, nor has he seen trouble in Israel. The LORD their God is with them; his acclamation as king is among them. NLT Numbers 23:21 No misfortune is in his plan for Jacob; no trouble is in store for Israel. For the LORD their God is with them; he has been proclaimed their king. ESV Numbers 23:21 He has not beheld misfortune in Jacob, nor has he seen trouble in Israel. The LORD their God is with them, and the shout of a king is among them. NIV Numbers 23:21 "No misfortune is seen in Jacob, no misery observed in Israel. The LORD their God is with them; the shout of the King is among them. KJV Numbers 23:21 He hath not beheld iniquity in Jacob, neither hath he seen perverseness in Israel: the LORD his God is with him, and the shout of a king is among them. YLT Numbers 23:21 He hath not beheld iniquity in Jacob, Nor hath He seen perverseness in Israel; Jehovah his God is with him, And a shout of a king is in him. LXE Numbers 23:21 There shall not be trouble in Jacob, neither shall sorrow be seen in Israel: the Lord his God is with him, the glories of rulers are in him. ASV Numbers 23:21 He hath not beheld iniquity in Jacob; Neither hath he seen perverseness in Israel: Jehovah his God is with him, And the shout of a king is among them. CSB Numbers 23:21 He considers no disaster for Jacob; He sees no trouble for Israel. The LORD their God is with them, and there is rejoicing over the King among them. NKJ Numbers 23:21 "He has not observed iniquity in Jacob, Nor has He seen wickedness in Israel. The LORD his God is with him, And the shout of a King is among them. NRS Numbers 23:21 He has not beheld misfortune in Jacob; nor has he seen trouble in Israel. The LORD their God is with them, acclaimed as a king among them. NAB Numbers 23:21 Misfortune is not observed in Jacob, nor misery seen in Israel. The LORD, his God, is with him; with him is the triumph of his King. hath not: Ps 103:12 Isa 1:18 38:17 Jer 50:20 Ho 14:2-4 Mic 7:18-20 Ro 4:7,8 6:14 8:1 2Co 5:19 the Lord: Ex 13:21 29:45,46 33:14-16 34:9 Jud 6:13 2Ch 13:12 Ps 23:4 Ps 46:7,11 Isa 8:10 12:6 41:10 Eze 48:35 Mt 1:23 2Co 6:16 the shout: Ps 47:5-7 89:15,18 97:1 118:15 Isa 33:22 Lu 19:37,38 2Co 2:14 Numbers 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries He has not observed misfortune in Jacob - NET = "He has not looked on iniquity in Jacob" NKJV = "He has not observed iniquity in Jacob." TWOT says that misfortune (aven; Lxx = mochthos = hardship, strenuous toil) "seems to have two facets: a stress on trouble which moves on to wickedness, and an emphasis on emptiness which moves on to idolatry." Bush on misfortune (iniquity) - Heb. âven, iniquity, a term of large import, denoting all the various kinds of sin or iniquity which cause pain, sorrow, and misery, and applied in particular to idolatry, as it is rendered 1 Sam. 15:23, while in Is. 66:3, it is rendered an idol. Bush goes on to reason that "The purport, then, of the passage, we take to be, that God had not seen in Israel that degree of iniquity and perverseness which should be a sufficient ground for inflicting upon them a curse, which was Balaam’s desire and Balak’s design." If "iniquity" (rather than misfortune) is the main intention MacDonald makes the point that this "describes the nation’s position, not its practice. The people were reckoned righteous through faith. So believers today stand before God in all the perfections of His beloved Son."
Números 23
Constable - Israel would be victorious in battle as well as enjoy God’s blessing (v. 24; cf. Gen. 49:9; Mic. 5:8). This was the opposite of what Balak wanted to hear. Numbers 23:23 "For there is no omen against Jacob, Nor is there any divination against Israel; At the proper time it shall be said to Jacob And to Israel, what God has done! BGT Numbers 23:23 οὐ γάρ ἐστιν οἰωνισμὸς ἐν Ιακωβ οὐδὲ μαντεία ἐν Ισραηλ κατὰ καιρὸν ῥηθήσεται Ιακωβ καὶ τῷ Ισραηλ τί ἐπιτελέσει ὁ θεός NET Numbers 23:23 For there is no spell against Jacob, nor is there any divination against Israel. At this time it must be said of Jacob and of Israel, 'Look at what God has done!' NLT Numbers 23:23 No curse can touch Jacob; no magic has any power against Israel. For now it will be said of Jacob, 'What wonders God has done for Israel!' ESV Numbers 23:23 For there is no enchantment against Jacob, no divination against Israel; now it shall be said of Jacob and Israel, 'What has God wrought!' NIV Numbers 23:23 There is no sorcery against Jacob, no divination against Israel. It will now be said of Jacob and of Israel, 'See what God has done!' KJV Numbers 23:23 Surely there is no enchantment against Jacob, neither is there any divination against Israel: according to this time it shall be said of Jacob and of Israel, What hath God wrought! YLT Numbers 23:23 For no enchantment is against Jacob, Nor divination against Israel, At the time it is said of Jacob and Israel, What hath God wrought! LXE Numbers 23:23 For there is no divination in Jacob, nor enchantment in Israel; in season it shall be told to Jacob and Israel what God shall perform. ASV Numbers 23:23 Surely there is no enchantment with Jacob; Neither is there any divination with Israel: Now shalt it be said of Jacob and of Israel, What hath God wrought! CSB Numbers 23:23 There is no magic curse against Jacob and no divination against Israel. It will now be said about Jacob and Israel, "What great things God has done!" NKJ Numbers 23:23 "For there is no sorcery against Jacob, Nor any divination against Israel. It now must be said of Jacob And of Israel,`Oh, what God has done!' NRS Numbers 23:23 Surely there is no enchantment against Jacob, no divination against Israel; now it shall be said of Jacob and Israel, 'See what God has done!' NAB Numbers 23:23 No, there is no sorcery against Jacob, nor omen against Israel. It shall yet be said of Jacob, and of Israel, "Behold what God has wrought!" NJB Numbers 23:23 There is no omen whatever against Jacob, no augury at all against Israel. Well may people say of Jacob, of Israel, 'What has God achieved?' no omen against : Nu 22:6 24:1 Ge 3:15 Mt 12:25,27 16:18 Lu 10:18,19 Ro 16:20 Rev 12:9 At the proper time: Ps 44:1-3 136:13-20 Isa 63:9-12 Da 9:15 Mic 6:4,5 7:15 what God has done: Ps 31:19 64:9 126:2,3 Isa 41:4 Joh 11:47 Ac 4:16 5:12,14 Ac 10:38 15:12 Ga 1:23,24 1Th 1:8,9 Numbers 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries NO CURSE ON ISRAEL For there is no omen against Jacob, Nor is there any divination (see notes on Nu 22:7) against Israel - NLT = "No curse can touch Jacob; no magic has any power against Israel." No curse for Israel. Here Balaam can speak from his own personal experience! Even if there were any truth in witchcraft and omens, they could not affect the people of the Lord. Those whom God blesses devils cannot curse -- Spurgeon NN - The words describe two techniques of consulting God; the first has to do with observing omens in general (“enchantments”), and the second with casting lots or arrows of the like (“divinations” [Ezek 21:26]).
Números 23
Constable notes that "Several types of divination were common in the ancient Near East." Extispicy (Haruspex) was the examination of the entrails of a sacrificed sheep by a trained specialist to determine messages from the gods. The intricate arrangements of the internal organs are what believers in this form of divination regarded as indicative of divine revelation. Astrology studied the arrangements of the moon, sun, meteors, planets, and fixed stars to discover the future. Eclipses were particularly significant. Augury was the study of the appearance, movements, and behavior of birds. The seers supposed the direction and manner of flight of birds was revelatory. Kleromancy (Cleromancy) was divination by means of lots. The various configurations of symbolic objects, actors, and areas yielded a binary (“yes” or “no”) answer to a given question. Oneiromancy was revelation by dreams that sometimes contained verbal communication from a god or non-verbal communication. In the latter type certain colors, animals, or activities corresponded to types of misfortune, happiness, or success. In all the types of divination, fortunetellers used tricks to deceive and impress their clients. They often clothed their predictions in mysterious ambiguous language to cover possible error. Devout Israelites were to reject divination as a way of discovering the likely outcome of events and to rely on God to make known what He wanted them to know. G Michael Hagan - DIVINATION - Communication with a deity for the purpose of determining the deity's knowledge, resulting in clarification of a decision or discernment of the future. Two forms of divination developed in the ancient Near East, one using inductive manipulation of natural or human phenomena and the other taking intuitive forms of inner revelation. The History of Divination . In Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Egypt, and Canaan, people communicated with their deities by means of divination, both on a personal and public level. From the Old Babylonian period (ca. 2000 b.c.) on in Mesopotamia, the reading of livers helped determine the actions of commoners and kings. A sheep was slaughtered, its liver removed, and the markings of the organ "read" for an answer. Other inductive types of divination included the analysis of stars, moon, entrails, lungs, weather, birds, and fetuses. Human-produced phenomena studied included casting lots, shooting arrows, dropping oil in water, drinking wine, calling the dead, and sprinkling water on an ox. Intuitive types of divination in the ancient Near East involved oracles, prophecies, and dreams. In Israel, an official position on divination limited its uses to forms that did not reflect the practices of surrounding cultures. Most inductive forms were forbidden (Leviticus 19:26 ; Deuteronomy 18:11 ), although the use of Urim and Thummim and lots supposes some inductive approaches. Most ancient practices, however, were used by both the populace and the officials. The Bible alludes to the use of omens (Isaiah 44:25 ), arrows (Hosea 4:12 ), animal actions (1 Samuel 6:7-12 ), the reading of livers (Ezekiel 21:21-22 ), budding plants (Numbers 17:1-11 ), necromancy (1 Samuel 28 ), and prophetic utterances, called false (Micah 3:7,11 ) or "lying divinations" (Isaiah 44:25 ; Jeremiah 14:14 ; 27:9-10 ; Ezekiel 12:24 ; Zechariah 10:2 ). References to the "soothsayers' tree" (Judges 9:37 ), the "sons of a sorcerer" (Isaiah 57:3 ), and the girl with a spirit of divination (Acts 16:16-19 ) are evidence of widespread practice. Theology of Divination . Divination presupposes that the divine communicates with the human. This communication takes both human and divine initiative. Inductive techniques depend on human initiation. The Bible supposes that a priority rests on revelatory forms (dream, vision, oracle) rather than on inductive ones (Urim/ Thummim, ephod). Although natural phenomena may communicate God's will, their interpretation must be scrutinized and may be helped by the verbal. It seems clear that God is not limited to the use of any one means of revelation. Why would the Bible record such strong negative injunctions against inductive divination? Deuteronomic law especially attacks everything connected with pagan religions. Foreign deities may have attached themselves to these methods. Even then, most of Israel's approved methods display parallels with the surrounding cultures. The question of veracity may be involved because they prove difficult to interpret. For this reason, verbal forms take precedence over inductive methods. Yet even prophecies need to stand the test of whether they come true (Deuteronomy 18:21-22 ). Human need requires discernment of divine desires. God chooses to communicate in a variety of ways, including divination techniques, but always in the clearest, most unambiguous way possible. (Baker Evangelical Dictionary Divination) Question: Can a Christian be cursed? Will God allow a curse on a believer? Answer: The Bible tells us that “like a fluttering sparrow or a darting swallow, an undeserved curse does not come to rest” (Proverbs 26:2b). This means that foolish curses have no effect. God does not allow His children to be cursed. God is sovereign. No one has the power to curse one whom God has decided to bless. God is the only One able to pronounce judgment. “Spells” in the Bible are always described negatively. Deuteronomy 18:10-11 numbers those who cast spells with those who commit other acts “detestable to the LORD” such as child sacrifice, witchcraft, sorcery, divination, or necromancy (consulting with the dead). Micah 5:12 says that God will destroy witchcraft and those who cast spells. Revelation 18 describes spells as part of the deception that will be used by the antichrist and his “great city of Babylon” (Rev 18:21-24+). Though the end-times deception will be so great that even the elect would be deceived if God did not protect us (Matthew 24:24), God will utterly destroy Satan, the antichrist, and all who follow them (Revelation chapters 19-20). The Christian has been born again as a new person in Jesus Christ (2 Corinthians 5:17+), and we are in the constant presence of the Holy Spirit who lives within us and under whose protection we exist (Romans 8:11). We do not need to worry about anyone casting any sort of pagan spell on us. Voodoo, witchcraft, hexes, and curses have no power over us because they come from Satan, and we know that “the one who is in you [Christ] is greater than the one [Satan] who is in the world” (1 John 4:4+). God has overcome him, and we have been freed to worship God without fear (John 8:36). “The Lord is my light and my salvation—whom shall I fear? The Lord is the stronghold of my life—of whom shall I be afraid? ” (Psalm 27:1).GotQuestions.org Related Resources: What does the Bible say about divination? | GotQuestions.org Torrey Topical Textbook Divination Easton's Bible Dictionary Divination Fausset Bible Dictionary Divination Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible Divination Magic, Divination, and Sorcery Holman Bible Dictionary Divination and Magic International Standard Bible Encyclopedia Divine; Diviner McClintock and Strong's Bible Encyclopedia Divination. Kitto Biblical Cyclopedia Divination Arrows divination by The Jewish Encyclopedia Divination What does it mean to be bewitched? What does the Bible say about superstitions? What is a jinx? What does it mean to be jinxed? Numbers 23:24 "Behold, a people rises like a lioness, And as a lion it lifts itself; It will not lie down until it devours the prey, And drinks the blood of the slain." BGT Numbers 23:24 ἰδοὺ λαὸς ὡς σκύμνος ἀναστήσεται καὶ ὡς λέων γαυριωθήσεται οὐ κοιμηθήσεται ἕως φάγῃ θήραν καὶ αἷμα τραυματιῶν πίεται NET Numbers 23:24 Indeed, the people will rise up like a lioness, and like a lion raises himself up; they will not lie down until they eat their prey, and drink the blood of the slain." NLT Numbers 23:24 These people rise up like a lioness, like a majestic lion rousing itself. They refuse to rest until they have feasted on prey, drinking the blood of the slaughtered!" ESV Numbers 23:24 Behold, a people! As a lioness it rises up and as a lion it lifts itself; it does not lie down until it has devoured the prey and drunk the blood of the slain." NIV Numbers 23:24 The people rise like a lioness; they rouse themselves like a lion that does not rest till he devours his prey and drinks the blood of his victims." KJV Numbers 23:24 Behold, the people shall rise up as a great lion, and lift up himself as a young lion: he shall not lie down until he eat of the prey, and drink the blood of the slain. YLT Numbers 23:24 Lo, the people as a lioness riseth, And as a lion he lifteth himself up, He lieth not down till he eateth prey, And blood of pierced ones doth drink.' LXE Numbers 23:24 Behold, the people shall rise up as a lion's whelp, and shall exalt himself as a lion; he shall not lie down till he have eaten the prey, and he shall drink the blood of the slain. ASV Numbers 23:24 Behold, the people riseth up as a lioness, And as a lion doth he lift himself up: He shall not lie down until he eat of the prey, And drink the blood of the slain. CSB Numbers 23:24 A people rise up like a lioness; They rouse themselves like a lion. They will not lie down until they devour the prey and drink the blood of the slain. NKJ Numbers 23:24 Look, a people rises like a lioness, And lifts itself up like a lion; It shall not lie down until it devours the prey, And drinks the blood of the slain." NRS Numbers 23:24 Look, a people rising up like a lioness, and rousing itself like a lion! It does not lie down until it has eaten the prey and drunk the blood of the slain." NAB Numbers 23:24 Here is a people that springs up like a lioness, and stalks forth like a lion; It rests not till it has devoured its prey and has drunk the blood of the slain. NJB Numbers 23:24 for here is a people like a lioness rising, poised like a lion to spring; nor will he lie down till he has devoured his prey and drunk the blood of his slain. as a great: Nu 24:8,9 Ge 49:9 De 33:20 Ps 17:12 Pr 30:30 Isa 31:4 Am 3:8 Rev 5:5 he shall: Nu 24:17 Ge 49:27 Da 2:44 Mic 5:8,9 Zec 10:4,5 12:6 Rev 19:11-21 Numbers 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries STRENGTH AND POWER OVER ALL ENEMIES Behold (02009) (hinneh) is an interjection meaning behold, look, now; if. "It is used often and expresses strong feelings, surprise, hope, expectation, certainty, thus giving vividness depending on its surrounding context." (Baker) Hinneh generally directs our mind to the text, imploring the reader to give it special attention. In short, the Spirit is trying to arrest our attention! And so hinneh is used as an exclamation of vivid immediacy (e.g., read Ge 6:13)! Hinneh is a marker used to enliven a narrative, to express a change a scene, to emphasize an idea, to call attention to a detail or an important fact or action that follows (Isa 65:17, Ge 17:20, 41:17). The first use of hinneh in Ge 1:29 and second in Ge 1:31 - "And God saw all that He had made, and behold, it was very good. And there was evening and there was morning, the sixth day." Hinneh is oftn used in the idiom "Here I am" in Ge 22:1, 7,11 Ge 27:1,18, Ge 31:11, Ge 46:2 Ex 3:4 1Sa 3:4, 3:16, 12:3, 2Sa 1:7, Isa 52:6, Isa 58:9. Hinneh is used most often to point out people but also to point out things (Ge 31:41, 17:4). God uses hinneh to grab man's attention before He brings destruction (Ge 6:13, 17). God uses hinneh when He establishes covenants (Ge 9:9, 15:12, 17 [when Jehovah cut the Abrahamic covenant], Ge 17:4, cp Ge 28:13, 15), when He provided a sacrificial substitute for Isaac (foreshadowing His giving us His only Son!) (Ge 22:13). Hinneh marks the "chance (The Providence of God)" arrival of Boaz at the field where Ruth was gleaning (Ru 2:4-read about this "chance romance" - Indeed, "Behold!"). Hinneh is used to announce the Lord’s sending of a child as a sign and a prophecy of Immanuel-Emmanuel, the Messiah (Isa. 7:14-note). In fact W E Vine says that it is notable that when behold (hinneh) is used in Isaiah, it always introduces something relating to future circumstances.