Miquéias 4
Steven Cole · Citado em PreceptAustin
Miquéias 4
Cole writes… The Feast of Booths was the last of the feasts in the Jewish calendar year. It commemorated when Israel lived in temporary shelters after their deliverance from Egypt (Lev. 23:33-44). It was also a feast of ingathering, or harvest (Dt 16:13-15). Thus was a joyous celebration (Lev. 23:40; Dt 16:15) of God’s salvation and provision for His people. On the last day of this feast, the Jewish priests would leave the temple, go to the Pool of Siloam, draw water, and carry it back to the sanctuary. They would pour it out while the worshipers recited Isaiah 12:3, “You will joyously draw water from the springs of salvation.” One day as they completed this ritual, a young man stepped forward and cried out loudly, “If any man is thirsty, let him come to Me and drink. He who believes in Me, as the Scripture said, ‘From his innermost being shall flow rivers of living water’” (Jn 7:37-38). When that speaker, the Lord Jesus, reigns in holiness in your heart, His Holy Spirit, the living water, will fill you with refreshment, joy, and peace. (The Triumph of the Coming King Zechariah 14:1-21) It is notable that the Gentiles coming to worship in Jerusalem is a "divine reversal" of the Gentiles coming to "tread under foot the holy city for 42 months," the three and one-half years (corresponding to Great Tribulation, also known as The Time of Jacob's Trouble or Distress foretold in Jeremiah 30:3-6, 30:7) that is abruptly terminated by the triumphant Second Coming of Christ (Rev 11:1,2-see commentary)
Miquéias 4
Cole - scroll to bottom of page) Come and let us go up to the mountain of the LORD and to the house of the God of Jacob - Again Micah refers to the rebuilt Millennial Temple. While Micah's prophecy deals primarily with the future of the nation of Israel, God does not forget the redeemed Gentiles (and the Church) who will also worship the LORD in His Holy Temple. Mountain (02022)(har; Lxx = horos) describes an elevated land formation such as a hill, hill country, mountain, mountain range. That - Expresses purpose of the Gentiles going up the mountain. Is it on some "Holy Land" tourist trip? Clearly it is not to see a place, but to meet a Person, the Messiah and to be talk by Him to walk like Him! He may teach us about His ways and that we may walk in His paths - Note the pattern - teach then walk. To go to seminars for knowledge and exhibit no life change is an all too frequently in the modern church. When teaching goes into the ears, does not settle in the heart and does not find its way to hearer's feet, we call that hypocrisy! The converse is transformation and conformation to the will of God and the way of His Son. Imagine this scene - throngs coming with tender hearts that tremble at His Word, desiring to be fed pure milk from the Messiah Himself, the perfect teach. His ways… His paths - The Messiah Himself instructing on how to live like He lives! What a glorious day this will be! All the Jews and Gentiles who enter the Millennium are initially all regenerate men and women, but they still have need to be sanctified by truth, in this case taught by Messiah Himself! Martin emphasizes the striking contrast - Micah’s readers (Jews) were chafing (being irritated) under the Word of God, not wanting to be told by Him or by His prophet that they were wrong. By contrast eventually the whole world (Gentiles and Jews) will submit willingly to God’s Word and His decisions! Teach (03384)(yarah) means to “teach, instruct” but is related to another root sharing the same spelling “to shoot an arrow”. The word “teaching, instruction” (torah [08451) is derived from this same verb cluster. The instruction of Yahweh may be compared to archery in the sense that the “arrow” of God’s teaching (laws, commandments, statutes) was aimed at our heart with the goal of pursuing God’s holiness. Baker summarizes yarah - A verb meaning to shoot, to throw, to pour. God hurled Pharaoh's army into the sea (Ex. 15:4); Joshua cast lots (Josh. 18:6); and God asked Job who laid the cornerstone of the earth (Job 38:6). This word is used often in reference to shooting with arrows, as Jonathan (1 Sam. 20:36); and those who killed some of David's men (2 Sa 11:24). King Uzziah made machines that shot arrows (2 Chr. 26:15); and the wicked shot arrows at the upright of heart (Ps 11:2; 64:4[5]). In the sense of throwing, people were overthrown (Num. 21:30); and Job said that God had thrown him in the mud (Job 30:19). (The Complete Word Study Dictionary – Old Testament) John Hartley - The basic idea of the root yārâ is "to throw" or "to cast" with the strong sense of control by the subject. Lots were cast in regards to dividing the land among the various tribes (Joshua 18:6). God cast the Egyptian army into the Red Sea (Exodus 15:4; cf. Job 30:19). With stones it has the idea of placing them in a certain place; God laid the cornerstone of the world (Job 38:6) and Laban set up a heap of stones and a pillar as a witness between Jacob and himself to their covenant of peace (Genesis 31:51f.). The three most frequent uses of this root deal with shooting arrows, sending rain and teaching. A most deadly weapon of the ancients was the bow and arrow. They could shoot from a distance and from behind protection. Some missiles were shot from specially designed engines (2 Chron. 26:15). Three of Israel's kings fell on the battlefield because of the archers' range, namely Saul (1 Chron. 10:3), Ahab (1 Kings 22:35), and Josiah (2 Chron. 35:23). Metaphorically the wicked from behind ambush shot suddenly at the blameless (Psalm 64:4 [H 5]; cf. Psalm 11:2). On the other hand, God too is pictured as shooting an arrow at the wicked and wounding them suddenly to protect the upright (Psalm 64:7 [H 8]). In addition, shooting of arrows could be used as a sign (1 Samuel 20:20; cf. 2 Kings 13:17). (Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament) Yarah is translated here in the Lxx with deiknumi which means to draw attention so something and thus point it out. It means "to exhibit something that can be apprehended by one or more of the senses, point out, show, make known… 2. to prove or make clear by evidence or reasoning, explain." (BDAG) Gilbrant summarizes yarah - Yarah has three distinct verbal roots, but one of these ("to water"; Hos 6:3) is rare. Some of the occurrences carry the primary meaning of "to throw" or "to shoot." But the majority of instances reflect the extended meaning of "to instruct." Among the related Semitic languages, Old South Arabian, Tigre and Arabic all have cognates for both of the main meanings, possibly indicating that the two roots are actually separate words which happen to sound the same. Objects which are thrown or shot include: arrows (Ps. 11:2; Exo. 19:13); the chariots of Pharoah's army by God (Exo 15:4); stones (Num. 21:30). Stones are also piled in a heap, perhaps by gathering and tossing onto the pile (Gen. 31:51) as well used to lay a cornerstone (Job 38:6). The term is also used of casting lots to determine a course of action (Josh. 18:6). The secondary meaning of yarah is "to instruct" or "to teach," always in the Hiphil tense, meaning "causing to learn." Instruction was given by the priest (2 Ki. 12:3); companions (Job 6:24); those with experience (Job 8:8ff); and, of course, God (Exo. 24:12; Isa. 28:26). Objects of instruction mentioned by use of this term include: the difference between what is holy and what is profane (Ezek. 44:23); legal decisions (Deut. 17:10); what is pointed to (Prov. 6:13); skills for making the Tabernacle (Exo. 35:34); the statutes ordained by God (Lev. 10:11). The priests were required to teach the people as part of their vocation, but some unlawfully charged the people more (Mic. 3:11). (Complete Biblical Library Hebrew-English Dictionary). Yarah - 74x in 69v - NAS Usage: archers(2), archers shot(1), archers*(2), cast(3), cast them down(1), directed(1), instruct(4), instructed(1), instruction(1), instructs(1), laid(1), point(1), points(1), rain(1), set(1), shoot(10), shot(3), shot through(1), showed(1), taught(3), teach(27), teacher(2), teaches(2), teaching(1), throws(1), watering(1). Gen 31:51; 46:28; Exod 4:12, 15; 15:4, 25; 19:13; 24:12; 35:34; Lev 10:11; 14:57; Num 21:30; Deut 17:10f; 24:8; 33:10; Josh 18:6; Judg 13:8; 1 Sam 12:23; 20:20, 36f; 31:3; 2 Sam 11:20; 1 Kgs 8:36; 2 Kgs 12:2; 13:17; 17:27f; 19:32; 1 Chr 10:3; 2 Chr 6:27; 15:3; 35:23; Job 6:24; 8:10; 12:7f; 27:11; 30:19; 34:32; 38:6; Ps 11:2; 25:8, 12; 27:11; 32:8; 45:4; 64:4, 7; 86:11; 119:33, 102; Prov 4:4, 11; 6:13; 26:18; Isa 2:3; 9:15; 28:9, 26; 37:33; Ezek 44:23; Hos 6:3; 10:12; Mic 3:11; 4:2; Hab 2:18f. W A Criswell - In this vision of the earthly Millennium, many Gentile converts come to know the Lord (Micah 4:2).