1 João 4
R.C.H. Lenski · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 João 4:5
Lenski - They speak (ever) from the world, for all their utterance they have no higher source, draw from no divine fountain, and no stream rises above its source. All these facts help us in our testing these spirits. So also does this, that the world hears them, genitive, listens to them as admired and authoritative spokesmen. It likes their speech; this their speech is the world’s own language. It never rises any higher than that which the world considers wisdom. The world hears and nods full approval whenever they speak. This is true to this day. It generally also pays its speakers well. (BORROW The Interpretation of the Epistles of St. Peter, St. John and St. Jude) Glenn Baker - The false teachers are successful “in the world” because their thinking, their theology, is accomodated to the world’s beliefs. So their teaching is philosophically congenial to the prevailing currents of the day. Naturally the world hears such teachers gladly. (See The Expositor's Bible Commentary - Abridged Edition) Bob Utley makes a good point that "Another evidence of Christian teachers versus false teachers is who listens to them (cf. Jn 15:19; 1Ti 4:1)." Thompson puts it this way (referring to 1Jn 4:1-6) - What this passage gives us is in its own way a “field guide” to identifying or discerning “spirits.” Specifically, it calls attention to two distinct “field marks” of various spirits: first, what they say or teach; second, who hears or accepts their teaching. (Borrow 1-3 John). Simon Kistemaker - What the false prophets say, however, is persuasive, for "the world listens to them." The world agrees with the teachings of the false teachers and thus participates in opposing God. (New Testament Commentary) In contrast in His great prayer in John 17 Jesus speaking of disciples says "I have given them Thy Word; and the world (kosmos) has hated them, because they are not of the world (kosmos), even as I am not of the world(kosmos)." (Jn 17:14+) Robert Yarbrough adds that "Jesus stressed two things that relate to John’s talk of people who are “of the world.” First, Jesus claimed he was not of the world. To detractors he said, “You are from below; I am from above. You are of this world; I am not of this world” (John 8:23 NIV). Second, his followers, while obviously ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ (en tō kosmō, in the world), are not of the world: “If you belonged to the world, it would love you as its own. As it is, you do not belong to the world, but I have chosen you out of the world” (Jn 15:19 NIV; cf. Jn 17:6, 14–16). In this sense Jesus envisions a clear polarity between the community of his followers and everyone else. (See 1-3 John Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament) David
1 João 4:10
Lenski - Ἀγάπη is defined as the love of intelligence, of comprehension and understanding. It always has that meaning in the New Testament, most completely so here where it speaks of God’s love. Combined with this is purpose, a purpose that corresponds to the comprehension of the object, whether this is the Son, the Father, the child of God, the filthy world, the enemy, the things in the world (2:15). Saving ἀγάπη thus accompanies χάρις, ἔλεος, compassion, benevolence. “Love” is the widest term because of what it includes, the other terms have narrower connotations. Dodd (Johannine Epistles, p. 111) points out, love in the Hellenistic world became a “cosmic principle, and the mystical craving for union with the eternal is given a metaphysical basis.” Agape in 1 John - 1 John 2:5, 15; 3:1, 16-17; 1Jn 4:7-10, 12, 16 (3x), 1Jn 4:17, 1Jn 4:18 (3x) 1Jn 5:3 (Also in 2John 1:3, 6; 3John 1:6) Loved (verb) (25)(agapao) means to love unconditionally and sacrificially as God Himself loves sinful men (John 3:16), the way He loves the Son (John 3:35, 15:9, 17:23, 24). Note that agapao is a verb and by its verbal nature calls for action. This quality of love is not an emotion but is an action initiated by a volitional choice."expresses the purest, noblest form of love, which is volitionally driven, not motivated by superficial appearance, emotional attraction, or sentimental relationship." (John Macarthur) Vine writes that "Love can be known only from the actions it prompts. God’s love is seen in the gift of His Son, 1 John 4:9, 10. But obviously this is not the love of complacency, or affection, that is, it was not drawn out by any excellency in its objects, Ro 5:8. It was an exercise of the divine will in deliberate choice, made without assignable cause save that which lies in the nature of God Himself." (Collected Writings)