Salmos 51
Matthew Henry · Citado em PreceptAustin
Salmos 51
Henry comments that this "Great rejoicing contains more than an inward placid serenity of mind or sensation of comfort. It will show itself in the countenance and conduct, but especially in praise and gratitude. Adrian Rogers - Sin "sickens the body....What he’s saying is, “God, you have me under extreme pressure.” “The bones which thou hast broken.” It’s almost as if God has David in his hand, and God is just squeezing the life out of David. Sometimes people think, “Well, if we sin, God will just cast us off.” Oh no, he squeezes all the tighter; that’s the thing. He’s saying, “Make me hear joy and gladness, that the bones which thou hast broken may rejoice.” There’s incredible pressure. Now if you keep that pressure on for a long time, it’s going to make you sick....Now sickness is a very complicated thing, and there are many reasons for sickness. But one of the reasons for sickness is sin in the life of a child of God. One of the proof texts for that is 1 Corinthians 11:30+....And so if you’ve lost your joy, no wonder you might get sick—because “a merry heart doeth good like a medicine.” (Proverbs 17:22) Did you know that when you are right with God, you stand straighter? Did you know that when you are right with God, you smile more? Did you know that when you are right with God, you sleep better? Did you know that when you are right with God, you digest your food better? I’m just telling you, friend, that a merry heart is one of the best medicines you can take. But you can’t have that joy of the Lord if you are a backslider walking away from God. Here is David, a child of God, and he is perfectly miserable. (See transcript - not exactly the same but close) What would bring joy and gladness? Clearly in context it would be God's forgiveness, which is worth "jumping for joy!" Warren Wiersbe…David's ears were open to the music of heaven--but not in this psalm. David heard sorrow and sadness. The choir was off-key. Everything he heard was wrong. We, too, have days like that. When we are not right on the inside, nothing is going to be right on the outside. (See full devotional on Ps 51:7-9 What Do You Hear?) Charles Horne comments…Next to the blessing of forgiveness, is to be desired that joy and comfort in the conscience, which forgiveness only can inspire: the effect of this, in repairing the vigour of the spirit, decayed through sorrow and anguish, is compared to setting broken bones, and restoring them again to perfect strength. At the resurrection of the body, this petition will be granted in a literal sense, when the " bones" that are mouldered into dust, shall " rejoice and flourish as an herb." —Isa. Ixvi. 14 (Psalm 51 Commentary) Make me to hear (08085) (shama' used >1000x in OT) conveys the basic idea of perceiving a message or a sound. Joy (08342) (sason) almost universally it speaks of human happiness and abounding delight. The Septuagint (Lxx) translates sason with the Greek word agalliasis (see study of agalliao) which describes great exultation or extreme joy (He 1:9+) ("jump for joy!") Sason - 22x - Esther 8:16f; Ps 45:7; 51:8, 12; 105:43; 119:111; Isa 12:3; 22:13; 35:10; 51:3, 11; 61:3; Jer 7:34; 15:16; 16:9; 25:10; 31:13; 33:9, 11; Joel 1:12; Zech 8:19. NAS = gaiety(1), gladness(3), joy(15), joyously(1), rejoicing(2). Gladness (08057) (simchah) is from a root s-m-h and denotes being glad or joyful with the whole disposition as indicated by its association with the heart (Ex 4:14; Ps 19:8; 104:15; 105:3), with the soul (Ps 86:4), with the lighting up of the eyes (Pr 15:30). It should not surprise us to discover that the Lord and his salvation is cited most frequently as the reason for joy (2Chr 20:27; Ps 5:11; 9:2; 16:9; 32:11; 40:16 63:11 64:10 ; 86:4; 90:15; 92:4) The Septuagint (Lxx) translates sason with the Greek word euphrosune (from eu = well + phren = mind) which means joy or gladness. Simchah - 87x - Gen 31:27; Num 10:10; Deut 28:47; Jdg 16:23; 1 Sam 18:6; 2 Sam 6:12; 1 Kgs 1:40; 1 Chr 12:40; 15:16, 25; 29:17, 22; 2Chr 20:27; 23:18; 29:30; 30:21, 23, 26; Ezra 3:12f; 6:22; Neh 8:12, 17; 12:27, 43f; Esther 8:16f; 9:17ff, 22; Job 20:5; Ps 4:7; 16:11; 21:6; 30:11; 43:4; 45:15; 51:8; 68:3; 97:11; 100:2; 106:5; 137:3, 6; Pr 10:28; 12:20; 14:10, 13; 15:21, 23; 21:15, 17; Eccl 2:1f, 10, 26; 5:20; 7:4; 8:15; 9:7; Song 3:11; Isa 9:3; 16:10; 22:13; 24:11; 29:19; 30:29; 35:10; 51:3, 11; 55:12; 61:7; 66:5; Jer 7:34; 15:16; 16:9; 25:10; 31:7; 33:11; 48:33; Ezek 36:5; Joel 1:16; Jonah 4:6; Zeph 3:17; Zech 8:19. NAS = delight(1), exceeding joy(1), extremely*(1), festival(1), gladness(34), happiness(1), joy(38), mirth(1), pleasure(6), rejoice(1), rejoiced(1), rejoicing(6). Broken (01794) (dakah) means to crush, break in pieces, smash or crush down into pieces; to hammer or beat out, such as metal into thin pieces. Dakah is used figuratively in this passage to describe David as crushed, beaten down, bruised emotionally and spiritually as is proper in one who is weighed down by sin or in one who senses his guilt and recognizes that his sin is clearly against a holy and loving God. This same verb describes a broken… heart in Ps 51:17. The Septuagint (Lxx) translates dakah with the Greek word tapeinoo (word study) which literally means to make low (to level off a mountain), to bring one to a lower place in order to abase or humble. The perfect tense indicates this the Psalmist's fixed condition. Dakah - 5x - Ps 10:10; 38:8; 44:19; 51:8, 17. NAS = broken(1), contrite(1), crouches(1), crushed(2). Rejoice (01523) (gil) is an interesting Hebrew verb for the basic idea is to spin or circle around (under influence of any violent emotion) , from which such ideas as "to circle in joy" are readily derived. It pictures vigorous, enthusiastic expressions of joy. The Septuagint (Lxx) translates gil with the Greek verb agalliao [word study], (agalliao is from agan = much + hallomai = jump; gush, leap, spring up), means literally to "jump much", "leap for joy", skip and jump with happy excitement and so to be exceedingly joyful, overjoyed or exuberantly happy. The idea is this person shows their excessive, ecstatic joy by leaping and skipping. It describes jubilant exultation, a quality of joy that remains unhindered and unchanged by what happens. In the NT, agalliao describes an exceeding joy (independent of circumstances that might otherwise not be associated with joy) which is initiated and empowered by the Holy Spirit. Agalliao appears to be used always with the connotation of a religious joy, a joy that springs from the contemplation of God or God's salvation. Agalliao includes not just the experiencing of a state of great joy and gladness, but often is accompanied by audible, verbal expression and appropriate visible body movement (i.e., "jump for joy") Another verb meaning to rejoice (chairo) is more expressive of the inward feeling of joy.
Salmos 51:1-9
Henry comments that this "Great rejoicing contains more than an inward placid serenity of mind or sensation of comfort. It will show itself in the countenance and conduct, but especially in praise and gratitude.