Lucas 13
Marvin Vincent · Citado em PreceptAustin
Lucas 13
Vincent notes that straighten up (anakupto) is "Used by Galen (prominent Greek physician) of strengthening the vertebrae of the spine." The nature of the pathology that caused her to be bent double is not absolutely certain, but most observers feel that this was most likely some variation of "spondylosis deformans." (See picture of a man affected with this infirmity). It is possible her vertebral bodies had fused into a rigid bent column of bone which explains why no amount of muscular effort would allow her to lift herself up. Others have mentioned a condition known as skoliasis hysterica (A non-structural deformity of the spine that develops as a manifestation of a psychological disorder.), but most consider spondylitis ankylopoietica as the more likely etiology. Picture her pitiful plight pacing, peering permanently at pavement! Steven Cole on bent double - Most people looked at her and assumed that she had a physical problem, but Jesus perceived that her sickness was due to an evil spirit. Certainly not all and perhaps not many physical illnesses are caused by evil spirits but, clearly, some are. While demons cannot possess believers, they can afflict us in various ways. Paul attributed his thorn in the flesh to a messenger of Satan that was sent by God to keep him humble (2 Cor. 12:7). In his case, it was not God’s will to remove the source of affliction, so that Paul was forced through his weakness to depend on God’s strength. In other cases, such as here, it is His will to heal, but not until the problem had gone on for 18 long years. We don’t know why God waited that long. Perhaps it was simply that He would be all the more glorified in her cure (John 9:3; 11:4). But in spite of all her years of going to the synagogue, this woman was in bondage to this debilitating illness that Jesus ascribes to Satan. As such, she is a picture of the millions who attend religious services every week for years, but they live in spiritual bondage to sin and to the prince of darkness. They are often sincere people, but they are bent over under the load of sin and guilt. The religious system tolerates their bondage and perhaps even shrugs it off as accepted. But it can’t deliver them from it. What they need is what this woman experienced, a personal encounter with the living Lord Jesus Christ. (Religion Versus Reality Luke 13:10-17) Behold (Lo)(2400) see discussion on idou. This interjection which is used to arrest the reader's attention (saying "slow down and pay attention to this") occurs 6 times in Luke 13 - Lk. 13:7; Lk. 13:11; Lk. 13:16; Lk. 13:30; Lk. 13:32; Lk. 13:35 Bent double (4794)(sugkupto from sun = with + kupto = bend, bow) means to bend completely forwards, to be bowed together and is used only here in the NT. Luke of course was a doctor and it is interesting that he was the only one that mentioned this story in the Gospels. The term is used in contrast to anakuptō (350), “to stand straight” or “stand erect.” Sugkupto is used in Job 9:27 "Though I say, 'I will forget my complaint, I will leave off my sad countenance and be cheerful." The Septuagint is somewhat difficult to reconcile with the Hebrew for last part of the verse in Greek is rendered "I will bow my face and groan." Could not (1410)(dunamai) conveys the basic meaning of that which has the inherent ability to do something or accomplish some end. Thus dunamai means to be able to, to be capable of, to be strong enough to do or to have power to do something. In this passage dunamai is modified by "me" (negative particle" and is in the present tense indicating she continually lacked the ability to stand erect. One can envision her trying to stand up from time to time, but the verb indicates that she did not have the power to do so and that this went on for 18 years! Next time you walk around in your house bend over as you walk which will help you imagine this woman's pathetic plight. Straighten up (352)(anakupto from ana = again, up + kupto = to bend, stoop) means to lift or raise oneself up, to bend up, to stand erect. Galen used anakupto of straightening the vertebrae of the spine. Metaphorically anakuptō speaks of the mind looking up (Thayer = "one's soul: to be elated, exalted") as looking up in hope in Luke 21:28. There is a use of anakupto in the papyri in which a person speaks of the impossibility of ever looking up again in a certain place, for very shame. This is similar to the one use in the Septuagint in Job 10:15 where Job laments "If I am wicked, woe to me! And if I am righteous, I dare not lift up (Lxx - has dunamai and anakupto = "I cannot lift myself up") my head. I am sated with disgrace and conscious of my misery." Anakupto is used twice to describe Jesus in the context of the episode of the "woman...caught in adultery, in the very act." Anakupto - 4x in 4v Luke 13:11 And there was a woman who for eighteen years had had a sickness caused by a spirit; and she was bent double, and could not straighten up at all. Luke 21:28 "But when these things begin to take place, straighten up (anakupto - aorist imperative = command to do this now! Don't delay!) and lift up (aorist imperative) your heads, because (term of explanation) your redemption is drawing near." John 8:7 But when they persisted in asking Him, He straightened up (from Jn 8:6), and said to them, "He who is without sin among you, let him be the first to throw a stone at her." John 8:10 Straightening up, Jesus said to her, "Woman, where are they? Did no one condemn you?" Luke 13:12 When Jesus saw her, He called her over and said to her, "Woman, you are freed from your sickness." KJV Luke 13:12 And when Jesus saw her, he called her to him, and said unto her, Woman, thou art loosed from thine infirmity. Woman Lk 6:8-10; Ps 107:20; Isa 65:1; Mt 8:16 you are freed from your sickness Lk 13:16; Joel 3:10 Luke 13 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Luke 13:10-17 Religion Versus Reality - Steven Cole Luke 13:10-17 Christ Creates Conflict in the Synagogue - John MacArthur WOMAN THOU ART LOOSED! When Jesus saw her - "With that quick eye of his which was always in sympathy with his audience." (Spurgeon) What some might have seen as a singular distraction, Jesus saw as a Sabbath opportunity. Keep in mind that Jesus was teaching. If you are a teacher, various distractions (children, people falling asleep, etc) often occur, but you are usually able to "teach through them" so to speak. Jesus saw His "teaching plan" for the Sabbath in this crippled woman! THOUGHT - Lord give us eyes to see the spiritual lessons in the distractions and common place things of life (not that the woman was "common place"). Amen Bock - His effort to help a woman is significant in a culture where men publicly shunned women. It shows the extent to which Jesus responds to those in need Jon Courson on Jesus saw her - Upon entering a situation, some have an eye to see what’s wrong. Others have an eye to see what’s right. Jesus has an eye to see who’s in need. I like that. THOUGHT - Does this picture of the compassion and concern of Jesus not give you great encouragement. You may be like this woman, in a "handicapped" condition, emotionally, spiritually, or even physically. And yet He sees you! In the Old Testament He saw a another outcast woman name Hagar, this story giving us His great Name El Roi, The God Who Sees! Dear child of God, rest assured He sees you! Steven
Lucas 13
Vincent observes that Luke's use of apoluo is "The only passage in the New Testament where the word is used of disease. Medical writers use it of releasing from disease, relaxing tendons, and taking off bandages." The power of the evil spirits was to be broken when the days of the Messiah came. Sickness (769)(astheneia from a = without + sthénos = strength, bodily vigor) means literally without strength or bodily vigor = want of strength = lacking strength. Literally astheneia refers to bodily diseases or ailments (Lk 5:15, 13:11, 12, Jn 5:5, 11:4, 28:9). The basic sense of this word is powerlessness and so the sick are without strength and are incapacitated in some serious way in this case bent double. Compare other healings by Jesus Luke 4:33–35; 7:21; Mark 1:23–26; 5:2–13; 7:25–30; 9:17–27; Acts 10:38) Luke 4:33-35;In the synagogue there was a man possessed by the spirit of an unclean demon, and he cried out with a loud voice, 34“Let us alone! What business do we have with each other, Jesus of Nazareth? Have You come to destroy us? I know who You are–the Holy One of God!” 35But Jesus rebuked him, saying, “Be quiet and come out of him!” And when the demon had thrown him down in the midst of the people, he came out of him without doing him any harm. Luke 7:21 At that very time He cured many people of diseases and afflictions and evil spirits; and He gave sight to many who were blind. Mark 1:23-26; Just then there was a man in their synagogue with an unclean spirit; and he cried out, 24saying, “What business do we have with each other, Jesus of Nazareth? Have You come to destroy us? I know who You are–the Holy One of God!” 25And Jesus rebuked him, saying, “Be quiet, and come out of him!” 26Throwing him into convulsions, the unclean spirit cried out with a loud voice and came out of him. Mark 5:2-13 When He got out of the boat, immediately a man from the tombs with an unclean spirit met Him, 3and he had his dwelling among the tombs. And no one was able to bind him anymore, even with a chain; 4because he had often been bound with shackles and chains, and the chains had been torn apart by him and the shackles broken in pieces, and no one was strong enough to subdue him. 5Constantly, night and day, he was screaming among the tombs and in the mountains, and gashing himself with stones. 6Seeing Jesus from a distance, he ran up and bowed down before Him; 7and shouting with a loud voice, he *said, “What business do we have with each other, Jesus, Son of the Most High God? I implore You by God, do not torment me!” 8For He had been saying to him, “Come out of the man, you unclean spirit!” 9And He was asking him, “What is your name?” And he *said to Him, “My name is Legion; for we are many.” 10And he began to implore Him earnestly not to send them out of the country. 11Now there was a large herd of swine feeding nearby on the mountain. 12The demons implored Him, saying, “Send us into the swine so that we may enter them.” 13Jesus gave them permission. And coming out, the unclean spirits entered the swine; and the herd rushed down the steep bank into the sea, about two thousand of them; and they were drowned in the sea. Mk 7:25-30 But after hearing of Him, a woman whose little daughter had an unclean spirit immediately came and fell at His feet. 26Now the woman was a Gentile, of the Syrophoenician race. And she kept asking Him to cast the demon out of her daughter. 27And He was saying to her, “Let the children be satisfied first, for it is not good to take the children’s bread and throw it to the dogs.” 28But she answered and *said to Him, “Yes, Lord, but even the dogs under the table feed on the children’s crumbs.” 29And He said to her, “Because of this answer go; the demon has gone out of your daughter.” 30And going back to her home, she found the child lying on the bed, the demon having left. Mk 9:17-27 And one of the crowd answered Him, “Teacher, I brought You my son, possessed with a spirit which makes him mute; 18and whenever it seizes him, it slams him to the ground and he foams at the mouth, and grinds his teeth and stiffens out. I told Your disciples to cast it out, and they could not do it.” 19And He *answered them and *said, “O unbelieving generation, how long shall I be with you? How long shall I put up with you? Bring him to Me!” 20They brought the boy to Him. When he saw Him, immediately the spirit threw him into a convulsion, and falling to the ground, he began rolling around and foaming at the mouth. 21And He asked his father, “How long has this been happening to him?” And he said, “From childhood. 22“It has often thrown him both into the fire and into the water to destroy him. But if You can do anything, take pity on us and help us!” 23And Jesus said to him, “ ‘If You can?’ All things are possible to him who believes.” 24Immediately the boy’s father cried out and said, “I do believe; help my unbelief.” 25When Jesus saw that a crowd was rapidly gathering, He rebuked the unclean spirit, saying to it, “You deaf and mute spirit, I command you, come out of him and do not enter him again.” 26After crying out and throwing him into terrible convulsions, it came out; and the boy became so much like a corpse that most of them said, “He is dead!” 27But Jesus took him by the hand and raised him; and he got up. Acts 10:38 “You know of Jesus of Nazareth, how God anointed Him with the Holy Spirit and with power, and how He went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with Him. Luke 13:13 And He laid His hands on her; and immediately she was made erect again and began glorifying God. KJV Luke 13:13 And he laid his hands on her: and immediately she was made straight, and glorified God. And He laid His hands on her Lk 4:40; Mk 6:5; 8:25; 16:18; Acts 9:17 and immediately she was made erect again and began glorifying God Lk 17:14-17; 18:43; Ps 103:1-5; 107:20-22; 116:16,17 Luke 13 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Luke 13:10-17 Religion Versus Reality - Steven Cole Luke 13:10-17 Christ Creates Conflict in the Synagogue - John MacArthur A CROOKED WOMAN STRAIGHTENED OUT! And He laid His hands on her (cf Lk 4:40+) and immediately (parachrema) she was made erect again (anorthoo) - The fact that Jesus touched her could be seen by all in the synagogue and would inform the skeptical audience that it was Jesus’ power that had healed the woman. This miracle is interesting in that first He declares her free of illness and then He lays His hands on her which results in her being made erect again. Again supports the premise that she had once been well (and erect). Made erect again is in the passive voice (divine passive), which in emphasizes that she was set upright by an external power, the power of God.