1 Coríntios 5
Marvin Vincent · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Coríntios 5
Vincent writes that kakia "In NT is a special form of vice, not viciousness in general, as Cicero, Tusc. iv. 15, who explains by “vitiositas, a viciousness which includes all vices.” Calvin, on Ephesians 4:32 (see note), defines as “a viciousness of mind opposed to humanity and fairness, and commonly styled malignity.” The homily ascribed to Clement of Rome, describes kakia as the forerunner of our sins (x)… (Kakia) is the word denoting a malevolent disposition toward one’s neighbor. Hence it is not a general term for moral evil, but a special form of vice. In Romans Paul describes those who have refused to acknowledge God and are given over by God to a depraved mind as "being filled with all unrighteousness, wickedness, greed, evil; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, malice; they are gossips. (Ro 1:29-+). Used 11x in NT - Matt. 6:34; Acts 8:22; Rom. 1:29; 1 Co. 5:8; 1 Co. 14:20; Eph. 4:31; Col. 3:8; Tit. 3:3; Jas. 1:21; 1 Pet. 2:1; 1 Pet. 2:16 Related Resources: Bridgeway Bible Dictionary Malice Charles Buck Dictionary Malice Holman Bible Dictionary Malice Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible Malice Hastings' Dictionary of the NT Malice McClintock and Strong's Bible Encyclopedia Malice The Jewish Encyclopedia Malice Wickedness (4189) poneria from poneros from pónos = labor, sorrow, pain and and poneo = to be involved in work, labor) refers to depravity, to an evil disposition, to badness or to an evil nature. Poneria is used in the NT only in the moral and ethical sense and refers to intentionally practiced ill will. Poneria describes the state of lacking moral or social values (baseness, sinfulness, maliciousness, malevolence). Poneria is active malice. Poneria is malevolence, not only doing evil, but being evil. Webster defines malevolence as the condition which arises from intense often vicious ill will, spite, or hatred. Kakia is another Greek word for evil which speaks more of the vicious disposition of one's mind (one's ill will or hatefulness, a mean-spirited or vicious attitude or disposition) whereas poneria pictures the active exercise of this evil.
1 Coríntios 5
Vincent - Wickedness poneria. Plural. Rev., wickednesses. From ponein, to toil. The adjective poneros means, first, oppressed by toils; then in bad case or plight, from which it runs into the sense of morally bad. This conception seems to have been associated by the high-born with the life of the lower, laboring, slavish class; just as our word knave (like the German knabe from which it is derived) originally meant simply a boy or a servant-lad. As ponos means hard, vigorous labor, battle for instance, so the adjective poneros, in a moral sense, indicates active wickedness. So Jeremy Taylor: “Aptness to do shrewd turns, to delight in mischiefs and tragedies; a loving to trouble one’s neighbor and do him ill offices.” Poneros, therefore, is dangerous, destructive. Satan is called ho poneros, the wicked one. Kakos, evil (see evil thoughts, ver. 21), characterizes evil rather as defect: “That which is not such as, according to its nature, destination, and idea it might be or ought to be” (Cremer). Hence of incapacity in war; of cowardice (kakia). Kakos dolos, the evil servant, in Matt. 24:48, is a servant wanting in proper fidelity and diligence. Thus the thoughts are styled evil, as being that which, in their nature and purpose, they ought not to be. Matthew, however (15:19), calls these thoughts poneroi, the thoughts in action, taking shape in purpose. Both adjectives occur in Apoc. 16:2. (Word Studies in the New Testament) William
1 Coríntios 5
Vincent writes that onomazo "means to give a name to, to style, as Mk. 3:14; L. 6:14; 1 Cor. 5:11: to pronounce a name as having a special virtue, as in incantation, as Acts 19:13: to utter a name as acknowledging and appropriating what the name involves, as a confession of faith and allegiance. So here (2Ti 2:19). Associate with (4874) see above on sunanamignumi Brother (80) adelphos from a = denotes unity + delphus = a womb) literally means brother referring to a physical brother or figuratively as used here refers to a brother in the spiritual sense, a fellow member of the family of God (cf 1 Jn 3:1+). IF - "This is a THIRD CLASS CONDITIONAL SENTENCE, which means possible action. There are several lists in Paul’s writings of the sins of the flesh (cf. Rom. 1:29–31; 1 Cor. 5:10–11; 6:9–10; 2 Cor. 12:20; Gal. 5:19–21; Eph. 4:31; 5:3–4; Col. 3:5–9)." (Utley) he is an immoral person, or covetous, or an idolater, or a reviler, or a drunkard, or a swindler - Paul adds reviler and drunkard to the previous list. Hodge on idolater- It may appear strange that Paul should assume that anyone calling himself a Christian could be an idolater. By idolatry, however, he understands not merely the intentional and conscious worship of false gods, but doing anything which, according to people’s common judgment, expresses such worship. Thus eating sacrifices within the precincts of a temple was an act of heathen worship, as much as sharing in the Lord’s Supper is an act of Christian worship. And yet some of the Corinthians did not hesitate to eat heathen sacrifices under those circumstances (10:14–22). The principle laid down by the apostle is that to join in the religious rites of any people is to join in their worship, whether we so intend it or not. Not even to eat with such a one - Why? Eating in the ancient world was viewed as an act of fellowship. Paul is saying the sinners propensity toward their "pet sin" is like leaven so if you fellowship with them, you are very likely to become contaminated in thought, word or deed! If you have ever used glue, it is very difficult to keep it from touching your skin and then when you try to wash it off, it is almost impossible. Hodge - This does not refer to the Lord’s Supper, which is never designated as a meal. Immoral (4205) see above pornos Covetous (4123) see above on pleonektes Idolater (1496) see above on eidololatres Reviler (3183)(loidoros - see verb loidoreo) as one who intentionally abuses another with speech - reviler, slanderer, abusive person. TDNT - This common word group has the secular sense of reproach, insult, calumny, and even blasphemy. In the LXX it carries the nuance of wrangling, angry remonstrance, or chiding as well as the more usual calumny. Philo has it for mockery or invective. In the NT the verb occurs four times and the noun and adjective twice each. "It means to go behind somebody’s back with a rumor or a lie and tear down their reputation to somebody else." (Barber) Only 3x in NT 1 Co. 5:11; 1 Co. 6:10 Drunkard (3183)(methusos) drunkard (used of both men and women); drunken, intoxicated.