Levítico 8
Leon Morris · Citado em PreceptAustin
Levítico 8
Morris explains the exhortation of believers "to go out to Him outside the camp, bearing His reproach." (Heb 13:13-note) - "This (Heb 13:12) leads to an appeal to the readers to “go to Him outside the camp” (the compound verb exerchomai, “to go out,” and the adverb exō, “outside,” emphasize the thought of “out,” “outside”). Christ is outside the camp of Judaism, and the readers are encouraged to go to Him where He is. To remain within the camp of Judaism would be to be separated from Him. Here there may be an allusion to Moses’ pitching “the tent of meeting” outside the camp and to the people’s going out to it (Ex 33:7). But in the case of Christ, there was a price to pay—that of sharing in the rejection he had undergone, “bearing the disgrace he bore.” In Heb 11:26-note Moses was said to have accepted “disgrace for the sake of Christ” (the same expression as here). To align oneself with Christ is to subject oneself to scorn, reproach, and perhaps more. But consistently throughout this epistle the writer has argued, as he does here, that it is well worth it. Furthermore, his readers must have a different outlook from that of contemporary Judaism. The Jews held that the way Christ died proved Him to be accursed (Deut 21:23; Gal 3:13). The readers must be ready to stand outside Judaism with the Christ who bore the curse for them “outside the camp.” (The Expositor's Bible Commentary, Volume 12: Hebrews Through Revelation) Kistemaker explains - First, we look at the exhortation from a Jewish point of view. The Jewish Christian must leave the family structure in which he learned the precepts and commandments, the ceremonies and traditions, the prejudice and pride of the Jew. He is asked to go to Jesus upon whom the Jewish people invoked God’s curse by hanging him on a cross (Dt. 21:23). To go to one who bears the curse of God is to share “the disgrace he bore.” By choosing for Christ, the Jew rejects Judaism and thus faces expulsion, alienation, and at times persecution. The author of Hebrews reminds the readers of the suffering, public insult, and persecution they had endured in earlier days when they became Christians (10:33). Next, every reader is exhorted to go to Jesus who was cursed by God, because through Jesus we have access to God. We identify with him, for through him we are made holy (Isa. 52:1l; Ezek. 20:41; 2Cor. 6:17). He bore disgrace to set us free from the guilt of sin and to remove the curse from us. That means that the world of sin vents its hatred against us for going to Jesus (John 17:14). Christians are not taken out of the context of a sinful world but are placed in it to be witnesses for Christ. In his list of the heroes of faith, the writer notes that Moses “regarded disgrace for the sake of Christ as of greater value than the treasures of Egypt, because he was looking ahead to his reward” (Heb 11:26). Christians bear the name of Christ and are commanded by him to deny themselves, take up their cross, and follow him (Mt 10:38; 16:24). The Christian keeps his eye of faith fixed on Jesus (Heb 12:2). He knows that this present world will not remain unchanged, but will pass away. (Exposition of Hebrews. Baker Book House). John
Levítico 8
Morris explains that: Baptism may symbolize the washing away of one's sins, just as it symbolizes death to the old life and rising to a new life (Ro 6:4,5). But just as one does not really die while in the water, neither can physical water wash away moral and spiritual sins. These are the metaphors of baptism. The reality which they speak of is a new life in Christ, with sins forgiven and the assurance of everlasting life, received through faith in Christ as Lord and the regenerating work of the indwelling Spirit of God. Sins really are washed away by regeneration (Titus 3:5). Eph 5:26-note that He might sanctify her, having cleansed her by the washing of water with the word, Titus 3:5-note He saved us, not on the basis of deeds which we have done in righteousness, but according to His mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewing by the Holy Spirit, Hebrews 1:3-note And He is the radiance of His glory and the exact representation of His nature, and upholds all things by the word of His power. When He had made purification of sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high; Hebrews 10:22-note let us draw near near with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water. Comment: The concept of draw near is repeatedly emphasized in Leviticus describing the Levitical priests who were to "come near" = Lev 8:6, 13, 24, 9:7, 10:3, 21:21, 21:23 Rev 7:14-note And I said to him, "My lord, you know." And he said to me, "These are the ones who come out of the great tribulation, and they have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb. Rev 22:14-note Blessed are those who wash their robes, that they may have the right to the tree of life, and may enter by the gates into the city. Gaebelein - “washed with water.” This washing of water is the type of the new birth. This is beautifully illustrated by the symbolical action of our Lord in the washing of the disciples’ feet (John 13:2-12). The feet washing corresponds to the washing the priests had to do when they went into the tabernacle, and typifies the daily cleansing by the Word the believer needs to continue in fellowship with God. When Peter demanded to have his hands and head washed the Lord told him “He that is washed needeth not save to wash his feet, but is clean every whit; and ye are clean, but not all.” By these words the Lord told Peter that inasmuch as they all had believed on Him, with the exception of Judas Iscariot, they were washed and clean every whit. And in other Scriptures the same symbol is used: “Born of the water and the Spirit” (John 3:5); “the washing of regeneration” (Titus 3:5); “our bodies washed with pure water” (Hebrews 10:22). But this could never apply to the Lord Jesus Christ. He needed no washing, no regeneration, for He is holy and undefiled. WE ARE ANOINTED WITH THE SPIRIT OF CHRIST 1John 2:20-note But you have an anointing from the Holy One, and you all know. 1John 2:27-note And as for you, the anointing which you received from Him abides in you (Ed: The Holy Spirit dwells in each believer - Ro 8:9, 1Cor 3:16, 1Cor 6:19), and you have no need for anyone to teach you; but as His anointing teaches you about all things (cf "Spirit of truth" who will be in the disciples - Jn 14:17, 26, 1Cor 2:12-16), and is true and is not a lie, and just as it has taught you, you abide (live, remain) in Him (Christ). 2 Cor 1:21 Now He who establishes (Gk - bebaioo= confirms, makes certain, increases our inner strength) us with you in Christ and anointed us is God, 22 Who also sealed (sphragizo) us and gave us the Spirit in our hearts as a pledge (arrabon). Hodge Comments: Kings, prophets, and priests were anointed when at their inauguration. To 'anoint' may therefore mean to qualify by divine influence, and thus to authorize anyone to discharge the duties of any office. In Luke 4:18 our Lord applies to Himself the language of Isaiah 61:1, 'The Spirit of the Lord is on me, because he has anointed me to bring good news to the poor.' (cf Acts 4:27, Acts 10:38). Similarly, Christians are described as anointed because by the Spirit they are consecrated (dedicated, set apart) to God and qualified for His service (1 John 2:20, 27). When Paul says here that God has anointed us, the us means all Christians, and of course the anointing to which he refers is that which is common to all believers. (An Exposition of the Second Epistle to the Corinthians) WE WERE SPRINKLED WITH CHRIST'S BLOOD Hebrews 9:14-note how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself without blemish to God, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living God? Comment: The Greek word for "serve" is latreuo, which in the NT conveys the idea of rendering service to God, to worship, to perform sacred services or to minister to God in a spirit of worship (See use by Paul in 2Ti 1:3-note). Hebrews 9:21-note And in the same way he sprinkled both the tabernacle and all the vessels of the ministry with the blood. 22 And according to the Law, one may almost say, all things are cleansed with blood, and without shedding of blood there is no forgiveness. 23 Therefore it was necessary for the copies of the things in the heavens to be cleansed with these, but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these (Sacrifice of Christ once for all - Heb 9:28, 1Pe 3:18, 1Jn 3:5). Hebrews 10:19-note Since therefore, brethren, we have confidence to enter the holy place by the blood of Jesus, 20 by a new and living way which He inaugurated for us through the veil, that is, His flesh, 22 let us draw near with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water. 1 Pet 1:1-note Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to those who reside as aliens, scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, who are chosen 2 according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, by the sanctifying work of the Spirit, that you may obey Jesus Christ and be sprinkled with His blood: May grace and peace be yours in fullest measure. 1Pet 1:18-note knowing that you were not redeemed with perishable things like silver or gold from your futile way of life inherited from your forefathers, 19 but with precious blood, as of a lamb unblemished and spotless, the blood of Christ. Gaebelein - Aaron was then clothed with the holy garments, invested with his official robes. These are described in detail in Exodus 28. (The annotations on Exodus give the typical meaning of the garments. This description of the official dress and what is typified by it should be carefully studied.) The investiture of the sons of Aaron took place after the anointing of the tabernacle and Aaron as high priest. Christ and His work is put into the foreground. He is anointed with the oil of gladness above His fellows (Psalms 45:7; Hebrews 1:9). But linked with Him are His fellows, His seed, the many sons He brings to glory. Their garments, including the breeches (Exodus 28:42) (not mentioned here), were of pure white linen, the type of the holiness and righteousness into which the grace of God has brought us in Christ. We are a holy priesthood. See also Revelation 4:4. “And round about the throne were four and twenty thrones, and upon the thrones I saw four and twenty elders sitting clothed in white raiment; and they had on their heads crowns of gold.” “And to her was granted that she should be arrayed in fine linen, clean and white; for the fine linen is the righteousness of the saints” (Revelation 19:8). WE ARE CLOTHED WITH CHRIST'S RIGHTEOUSNESS Isa 61:10 I will rejoice greatly in the LORD, My soul will exult in my God; For He has clothed me with garments of salvation, He has wrapped me with a robe of righteousness, As a bridegroom decks himself with a garland, And as a bride adorns herself with her jewels. Ps 132:9 Let Thy priests be clothed with righteousness; And let Thy godly ones sing for joy....16 “Her priests also I will clothe with salvation; And her godly ones will sing aloud for joy.