Isaías 10
Leon Morris · Citado em PreceptAustin
Isaías 10
Morris has an interesting comment on Assyria... As in many of the prophecies, there is to be both a precursive fulfillment, in this case the coming invasion of Israel and Judah by the unspeakably cruel and wicked Assyrians, and a final fulfillment, the northern invaders of Israel in the last days, as described particularly in Ezekiel 38. The term "Assyrian" seems, in fact, to be a title of the coming Antichrist (Micah 5:5,6). This One (Messiah) will be our peace (cp Prince of peace Isa 9:6). When the Assyrian invades our land, when he tramples on our citadels, then we will raise against him seven shepherds and eight leaders of men. 6 They will shepherd the land of Assyria with the sword, The land of Nimrod at its entrances; And He will deliver us from the Assyrian When he attacks our land And when he tramples our territory. (Mic 5:5-6). Comment: While not everyone would agree that Micah's prophecy describes the future Antichrist, Micah's prediction of Israeli victory over Assyria has never been historically fulfilled and does leave open this fulfillment as a distinct possibility that it refers to the last days. Morris commenting on Micah's prophecy writes Since Assyria was the chief threat to Judah at the time Micah was writing, many expositors assume that "the Assyrian" in this verse is simply a metaphor for all her enemies. The context in this passage, however, is strongly Messianic and prophetic, and Assyria was a dead nation long before even the first coming of Christ. With this context in mind, it seems most likely that "the Assyrian" here is a name for the Antichrist of the last days, the leader of the last great invasion of Israel before the second coming of Christ. He is an Assyrian not by nationality (the Assyrians of antiquity have long vanished from history) but by geography, since his capital will be at restored Babylon (Zechariah 5:5-11). In the last days, "the Assyrian" (or Antichrist, or the Beast) will be seeking to establish his world government and especially to eliminate the nation Israel and all Christians in every nation. At that time, this particular prophecy will become clear. There has been no historical fulfillment of this prophecy as yet, which makes it even more obvious that the major context of this whole section must relate to the future. At that time, the Lord will raise up leaders--perhaps from Israel--to organize escape routes and resistance to the Assyrian's armies and death squads. Gaebelein adds that the ancient Assyrian invasion from the North was a foreshadowing of a greater "King of the North" This is an interesting and important chapter (Isaiah 10). The Assyrian enemy was used by God to punish His people....In Isaiah 10 we read a fuller description of this great troubler and how he invaded the land of Israel. God addresses him as the rod He uses in anger against His people. While all this had a past fulfilment a similar invasion of the land of Palestine will be enacted before the times of the Gentiles close and the King of Kings appears. The "Assyrian" of the end time comes from the North; therefore he is called in Daniel’s prophecy “the King of the North.” Antiochus Epiphanes is a type of this final outward foe of Israel. Study carefully with this chapter Is 14:24–25; Is 30:31–33; Micah 5:1–7; Daniel 8:23-26; 11:40–45; Psalm 74:1–10; Psalm 89. Jehovah shall suddenly make an end of him. Verses 33–34 compare with Daniel 11:45. (Commentary on Isaiah - Annotated Bible) Isaiah 10:6 I send it against a godless nation and commission it against the people of My fury to capture booty and to seize plunder, and to trample them down like mud in the streets.: against: Isa 9:17 19:17 29:13 30:9-11 33:14 Jer 3:10 4:14 Mt 15:7 commission: Isa 10:13,14 37:26,27 41:25 45:1-5 Jer 25:9 34:22 47:6,7 trample them: Heb. lay them a treading, Isa 22:5 63:3,6 2Sa 22:43 Mic 7:10 Zec 10:5 GOD'S SOVEREIGNTY OVER ALL NATIONS I send it - God in His Sovereignty sends his instrument Assyria against His people. Assyria's invasion was not a chance happening. In fact nothing occurs "by chance." There surely is some play on words for Isaiah himself had been sent to God's people (Isaiah 6:8-note). A godless nation - ("defiled"; ASV = "profane"; NAB = "impious"; NCV = "separated from God") A profane, sinning nation who were once called "My people." Beloved I cannot read this phrase without great remorse as I contemplate the United States of America and the continual attempts by godless men and women to completely remove every reference to God and God's Word from our country! Woe! Lord, revive the remnant while there is still time to repent! Amen. The people of My fury (Literally, "the people of My anger") - These are the people who justly deserve or merit God's anger. This phrase summarizes why God is sending the Assyrians -- He is angry with His rebellious, faithless people. Beloved, let us learn from these passages -- God is never mocked. If we sow seeds of willful sin, we will surely reap the Lord's rod of discipline! We never sin in a vacuum. We never sin and "get away with it." God's chosen people are a powerful demonstration of this principle. This is why Paul writes... Now these things happened (referring to events in the OT - see 1Co 10:1, 2, 3, 4, 5) as examples for us, that we should not crave evil things, as they also craved....Now these things happened to them as an example, and they were written for our instruction, upon whom the ends of the ages have come. (1Cor 10:6, 11) Comment: May God grant us the grace to read and heed God's clear OT warnings! Amen Isaiah 10:7 Yet it does not so intend, nor does it plan so in its heart, but rather it is its purpose to destroy and to cut off many nations.: Intend: Ge 50:20 Mic 4:11,12 Ac 2:23 13:27-30 Heart: Isa 36:18-20 37:11-13 Rather it is its purpose - "It...Its" refers to the Assyrian empire and "its purpose" was to serve as Jehovah's instrument of punishment. This is a clear indicator that God is in control of history. He is Sovereign, a truth some believers struggle with but one which is incredibly comforting when it fully received. If He were not sovereign, how could the Bible make statements like those in Ge 50:20 and Ro 8:28-note? So the purpose of Assyria was to serve as God's instrument of punishment for His rebellious chosen people. As Young puts it "In God’s hand the Assyrian was an unconscious and unwitting instrument." Solomon reminds us that The king's heart (Ed: Yes, mysteriously [to me], even wicked pagan kings like those of the evil empire Assyria) is like channels of water in the hand of the LORD; He turns it wherever He wishes. (Pr 21:1) ESV Study Bible note... God uses human evil for his own just purpose, but he does not need humans to intend their cooperation. Events unfold through human intentions but also, more deeply, through the divine intention (cf. Luke 22:22; Acts 2:22, 23; 4:27,28). (ESV Study Bible) Isaiah 10:8 For it says, "Are not my princes all kings?: Isa 36:8 2Ki 18:24 19:10 Eze 26:7 Da 2:37 It says - Referring to Assyria who is personified as asking this question. As someone has said in this section on Assyria, we gain great insight into the heart of a dictator. Are not my princes all kings? - The NLT translates is as "Each of my princes will soon be a king." The implication would be that Assyria would conquer sufficient nations and the kings of those nations would now be subject ("princes") to the king of Assyria (cp 2Ki 25:28). Oswalt has a different interpretation that "He is so great that even his “commanders” are the equivalent of the kings of other lands." The main point is that Assyria is saying he was unstoppable. Isaiah 10:9 "Is not Calno (Calneh) like Carchemish, or Hamath like Arpad, or Samaria like Damascus?: Calno: Am 6:1,2 Carchemish: 2Ch 35:20 Jer 46:2 Hamath: Isa 36:19 37:13 2Sa 8:9 2Ki 17:24 Jer 49:23 Samaria: Isa 7:8 17:3 2Ki 16:9 17:5,6 18:9,10 The boasting of Assyria continues as it revels in its conquests over fortresses. At this time Samaria (capital of the Northern Kingdom) had not fallen but in this passage is treated as if it had already fallen to Assyria. NET Bible Note comments that... The city states listed here were conquered by the Assyrians between 740–717BC. The point of the rhetorical questions is that no one can stand before Assyria’s might.
Isaías 10
Morris comments on David their king in Hos 3:5: Not only will they seek God as they had known Him in ancient times, but they will also acknowledge "David" as their king. That is, they will recognize Jesus as the long-awaited "son of David," Who was also the Son of God, Whose "throne shall be established for ever" (2Sa 7:12, 13, 14, 15, 16; Lk 1:31, 32, 33; Mt 22:41, 42, 43, 44, 45). In a secondary application, it may also be that David himself, resurrected with all Old Testament saints (cp Da 12:13-note), will again rule over earthly Israel during the millennium, when the apostles also will be "judging the twelve tribes of Israel" (Mt 19:28; 27:52,53; 1Co 6:2; Rev 20:4; Jer 30:9; Ezek 34:23,24). Oswalt - While it is not clear that a direct reference to Isa 9:6 is intended, the broad connection is plain. There will come a day when God’s government will be established and His might demonstrated in His Messiah. (The Book of Isaiah, Chapters 1–39) Isaiah 10:22 For though your people, O Israel, may be like the sand of the sea, only a remnant within them will return. A destruction is determined, overflowing with righteousness.: though Your: 1Ki 4:20 Ho 1:10 Ro 9:27 11:5,6 Rev 20:8 remnant: Isa 6:13 destruction: Isa 6:11 8:8 27:10,11 28:15-22 Da 9:27 Ro 9:28 with: Ge 18:25 Ac 17:31 Ro 2:5 3:5,6 For though your people, O Israel, may be like the sand of the sea, only a remnant within them will return - For is a term of explanation - Isaiah is explaining more details about the remnant. Paul quotes this verse in Romans 9:27, 28... Isaiah cries out concerning Israel, “Though the number of the sons of Israel be like the sand of the sea, it is the remnant that will be saved; for the Lord will execute His word on the earth, thoroughly and quickly.” (Ro 9:27, 28-note).