2 Samuel 7
Leon Morris · Citado em PreceptAustin
2 Samuel 7
Morris - As with many Old Testament prophecies, this remarkable "Davidic Covenant" has both a near and far application. Solomon was David's "seed," and he did "build an house for my name," but the ultimate fulfillment is in the greater Son of David, the Lord Jesus Christ, Who was "a Son over His own house; whose house are we" (Hebrews 3:6+). (Borrow The Defender's Study Bible) Ryrie summarizes the Davidic Covenant - This great covenant that God graciously made with David included the following provisions: (1) David would have a son who would succeed him and establish his kingdom (2Sa 7:12); (2) that son (Solomon), rather than David, would build the Temple (2Sa 7:3a); (3) the throne of Solomon's kingdom would be established forever (2Sa 7:13b); (4) though David's sins justified chastening, God's lovingkindness (Heb., hesed, steadfast love; see Hos. 2:19) would be forever (2Sa 7:14-15); (5) David's house, kingdom, and throne would be established forever (2Sa 7:16). The covenant did not guarantee uninterrupted rule by David's family (and, in fact, the Babylonian Exile interrupted it), but it did promise that the right to rule would always remain with David's dynasty. Jesus Christ is the ultimate fulfillment of these promises (Luke 1:31-33) and, although at this present time He is not ruling from the throne of David (Heb 12:2), at His Second Coming He will assume this throne. See notes on Mt. 1:11; Mt 19:28; Acts 15:15. (Borrow Ryrie Study Bible) Back to the Bible - Dealing with Disappointments 2 Samuel 7:12-13 Two paraplegics were in the news at about the same time. Kenneth Wright, 24, was a high school football star and later an avid wrestler. A broken neck sustained in a wrestling match in 1979 left him paralyzed from the chest down. The former athlete prevailed upon two friends to take him in his wheelchair to a wooded area where they left him alone with a twelve-gauge shotgun. After they left, he committed suicide. The second paraplegic was Jim McGowan. At the age of 19, Jim was stabbed and also left paralyzed from his chest down. But he made news when he successfully completed a parachute jump. Jim lives alone, cooks his meals, washes his clothes and cleans his house. He has written three books, and he did the photography for America's first book on the history of wheelchair sports. Two men with major disappointments: one chose to view life positively, the other didn't. David also had a major disappointment. He had his heart set on building a house for the Lord. But God said no. David could not, but his son Solomon would. David chose to respond to that disappointment by focusing on the positive. He thanked and praised God for the good things He was going to do in his life and that of his family (2 Sam. 7:18-29). Disappointments always give us a choice. We can concentrate on what's wrong, or we can find the silver lining. One way leads to despair, the other to fulfillment. Are you focusing on the negative? Look instead at the way God is blessing you in spite of that disappointment. See His hand of good in everything that happens to you...even if it's different from what you planned. What you focus on is what you get. 2 Samuel 7:13 "He shall build a house for My name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. He shall: 1Ki 5:5 6:12 8:19 1Ch 17:11-12 22:9,10 28:6,10 Zec 6:13 Mt 16:18 Lu 1:31-33 Heb 3:3 1Pe 2:5 I will establish: 2Sa 7:16 1Ch 28:7 Ps 89:4,21,29,36,37 Isa 9:7 49:8 Lu 1:32,33 Related Passage: 1 Chronicles 17:12 “He shall build for Me a house, and I will establish his throne forever. Hebrews 3:6+ but Christ was faithful as a Son over His HOUSE–whose HOUSE we are, if we hold fast our confidence and the boast of our hope firm until the end. Romans 1:1-3+ (MESSIAH FROM LINE OF DAVID) Paul, a bond-servant of Christ Jesus, called as an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God, 2 which He promised beforehand through His prophets in the holy Scriptures, 3 concerning His Son (FULLY GOD), who was born of a descendant of David according to the flesh (FULLY MAN) Matthew 1:1+ (MESSIAH FROM LINE OF DAVID) The record of the genealogy of Jesus the Messiah, the son of David, the son of Abraham: Isaiah 11:1,10+ (MESSIAH FROM LINE OF DAVID) Then a shoot (MESSIAH) will spring from the stem of Jesse (DAVID'S FATHER), And a branch from his roots will bear fruit....10 Then in that day The nations will resort to the root of Jesse (MESSIAH), Who will stand as a signal for the peoples; And His resting place will be glorious. Acts 13:22-23+ (MESSIAH FROM LINE OF DAVID) “After He had removed him, He raised up David to be their king, concerning whom He also testified and said, ‘I HAVE FOUND DAVID the son of Jesse, A MAN AFTER MY HEART, who will do all My will.’ 23 “From the descendants of this man, according to promise, God has brought to Israel a Savior, Jesus, Near and far fulfillment diagram TWO PROMISES ONE NEAR & ONE FAR He shall build a house for My name (cf Heb 3:6+), and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever - As shown in the diagram above, this prophecy has a NEAR and FAR (FUTURE) fulfillment. The near fulfillment would be with David's son Solomon who would build a house for Yahweh, but it would be destroyed. Only Messiah will fulfill this prophecy completely, for only the throne of his kingdom will endure forever and ever. The prophets spoke of the Davidic Messiah, Who would rule over all and rule forever on His throne. See Isa 9:1-7; 11:1-5; Jer 30:4-11; Ezek 34:23-24; 37:24-25; Amos 9:11-15. King James Bible Commentary. - Again, the primary reference in this chapter is to Solomon and his building of the Temple as a literal building dedicated to God. The word “house” is used as a figurative term for the people of God in both the Old Testament and the New Testament. Christians today are the “house” of God, built and ruled over by Jesus Christ the Son of David (cf. I Pet 2:5 and Heb 3:3-6).
2 Samuel 7
Morris - Here is an ancient testimony that this son of David would also be uniquely "the Son of God," as cited and confirmed in Hebrews 1:5. Christ never committed iniquity, but "he was bruised for our iniquities," for "the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all" (Isaiah 53:5,6). King James Bible Commentary - The immediate and primary reference is to God’s blessing upon and direction of Solomon in his building of the Temple and his rule over the people of God. But the writer of the book of Hebrews quotes this verse as being fulfilled in Jesus Christ, who is the Son of God in the highest sense. There is in fact another (third) fulfillment, for it is quoted also in 2 Corinthians 6:18 as referring to believers who are in a lesser sense “sons” of God. when he commits iniquity, I will correct him with the rod of men and the strokes of the sons of men - David is a sinner and begets sinners who will commit iniquity and will justly receive the discipline of the LORD which they deserve. The fact that God has given David unconditional covenant promises does not exempt either he or his descendants from God's hand of discipline. This passage emphasizes the principle of judgment within the family of God (cf 1Co 11:31+), for our Father's discipline is always remedial, not penal (Heb 12:5-11+), while the punishment of the wicked is penal, not remedial! Amazing grace indeed! POSB - When Solomon did wrong, God did chastise and punish him (1 Kings 11:1-13; 1 Kings 11:31-38). In fact, it was because of Solomon's sin that the kingdom was torn from his hand and split into two nations (1 Kings 11:31-38). (The Preacher's Outline & Sermon Bible – 2 Samuel)
2 Samuel 7
Morris - forever. It is evident that David understood these promises of the Davidic Covenant to apply specifically to the people of Israel, as well as to himself and his promised son. That being so, it is significant that God said nothing to modify this understanding. It is true that eventually God will indeed give "my Son...the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession" (Psalm 2:7,8), but He also promised Israel that "David my servant shall be king over them...And they shall dwell in the land that I have given unto Jacob my servant, wherein your fathers have dwelt;...and my servant David shall be their prince for ever" (Ezekiel 37:24,25). As Gabriel promised Mary: "And he shall reign over the house of Jacob forever" (Luke 1:33). (Borrow The Defender's Study Bible) 2 Samuel 7:25 "Now therefore, O LORD God, the word that You have spoken concerning Your servant and his house, confirm it forever, and do as You have spoken, BGT 2 Samuel 7:25 καὶ νῦν κύριέ μου κύριε τὸ ῥῆμα ὃ ἐλάλησας περὶ τοῦ δούλου σου καὶ τοῦ οἴκου αὐτοῦ πίστωσον ἕως αἰῶνος κύριε παντοκράτωρ θεὲ τοῦ Ισραηλ καὶ νῦν καθὼς ἐλάλησας LXE 2 Samuel 7:25 And now, O my Lord, the Almighty Lord God of Israel, confirm the word for ever which thou hast spoken concerning thy servant and his house: and now as thou hast said, KJV 2 Samuel 7:25 And now, O LORD God, the word that thou hast spoken concerning thy servant, and concerning his house, establish it for ever, and do as thou hast said. NET 2 Samuel 7:25 So now, O LORD God, make this promise you have made about your servant and his family a permanent reality. Do as you promised, CSB 2 Samuel 7:25 Now, LORD God, fulfill the promise forever that You have made to Your servant and his house. Do as You have promised, ESV 2 Samuel 7:25 And now, O LORD God, confirm forever the word that you have spoken concerning your servant and concerning his house, and do as you have spoken. NIV 2 Samuel 7:25 "And now, LORD God, keep forever the promise you have made concerning your servant and his house. Do as you promised, NLT 2 Samuel 7:25 "And now, O LORD God, I am your servant; do as you have promised concerning me and my family. Confirm it as a promise that will last forever. confirm it forever: Ge 32:12 Ps 119:49 Jer 11:4,5 Eze 36:37 Related Passage: 1 Chronicles 17:23 "Now, O LORD, let the word that You have spoken concerning Your servant and concerning his house be established forever, and do as You have spoken. DAVID'S BOLD PRAYER: CONFIRM IT FOREVER Now therefore, O LORD God, the word that You have spoken concerning Your servant and his house, confirm it forever, and - Now that David has praised the Lord who he is and what he has done for him individually and for the nation Israel, he now turns to petition. David is coming boldly before the throne of grace to beseech God to fulfill His promise forever, making it a permanent reality. As noted above the monologue from vv 18-29 is David's prayer. Anderson - How much the Lord loves for us to claim the promises of the Book and to beseech him in accordance with those promises which he has made. What a delight it is for our Father to fulfill those promises in his own good time and accordance with his faithful character. “Standing on the promises of Christ my King, Through eternal ages let his praises ring. Glory in the highest I will shout and sing, Standing on the promises of God. Standing on the promises that cannot fail, When the howling storms of doubt and fear assail, By the living Word of God I shall prevail Standing on the promises of God.” Do as You have spoken - This is an additional bold prayer to do as You have promised. 2 Samuel 7:26 that Your name may be magnified forever, by saying, 'The LORD of hosts is God over Israel'; and may the house of Your servant David be established before You. BGT 2 Samuel 7:26 μεγαλυνθείη τὸ ὄνομά σου ἕως αἰῶνος LXE 2 Samuel 7:26 Let thy name be magnified for ever. KJV 2 Samuel 7:26 And let thy name be magnified for ever, saying, The LORD of hosts is the God over Israel: and let the house of thy servant David be established before thee. NET 2 Samuel 7:26 so you may gain lasting fame, as people say, 'The LORD of hosts is God over Israel!' The dynasty of your servant David will be established before you, CSB 2 Samuel 7:26 so that Your name will be exalted forever, when it is said, "The LORD of Hosts is God over Israel." The house of Your servant David will be established before You ESV 2 Samuel 7:26 And your name will be magnified forever, saying, 'The LORD of hosts is God over Israel,' and the house of your servant David will be established before you. NIV 2 Samuel 7:26 so that your name will be great forever. Then men will say, 'The LORD Almighty is God over Israel!' And the house of your servant David will be established before you. NLT 2 Samuel 7:26 And may your name be honored forever so that everyone will say, 'The LORD of Heaven's Armies is God over Israel!' And may the house of your servant David continue before you forever. NRS 2 Samuel 7:26 Thus your name will be magnified forever in the saying, 'The LORD of hosts is God over Israel'; and the house of your servant David will be established before you. NJB 2 Samuel 7:26 so that your name will be exalted for ever and people will say, "Israel's God is Yahweh Sabaoth." Your servant David's dynasty will be secure before you, NAB 2 Samuel 7:26 Your name will be forever great, when men say, 'The LORD of hosts is God of Israel,' and the house of your servant David stands firm before you. YLT 2 Samuel 7:26 And Thy Name is great unto the age, saying, Jehovah of Hosts is God over Israel, and the house of Thy servant David is established before Thee, Your Name may be magnified: 1Ch 17:23,24 1Ch 29:10-13 Ps 72:18-19 Ps 115:1 Mt 6:9 Joh 12:28 before: Ge 17:18 1Ch 17:23,24 Ps 89:36 Related Passage: 1 Chronicles 17:24 "Let Your name be established and magnified forever, saying, 'The LORD of hosts is the God of Israel, even a God to Israel; and the house of David Your servant is established before You.' (NET renders it "so it may become a reality and you may gain lasting fame, as people say, 'The LORD who commands armies is the God of Israel.' David's dynasty will be established before you, 1Ch 17:24NET) 1 Chronicles 29:10-13 So David blessed the LORD in the sight of all the assembly; and David said, “Blessed are You, O LORD God of Israel our father, forever and ever. 11 “Yours, O LORD, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the victory and the majesty, indeed everything that is in the heavens and the earth; Yours is the dominion, O LORD, and You exalt Yourself as head over all. 12 “Both riches and honor come from You, and You rule over all, and in Your hand is power and might; and it lies in Your hand to make great and to strengthen everyone. 13 “Now therefore, our God, we thank You, and praise Your glorious name. Psalm 72:18-19+ Blessed be the LORD God, the God of Israel, Who alone works wonders. 19And blessed be His glorious name forever; And may the whole earth be filled with His glory. Amen, and Amen. GOD OF ISRAEL MAGNIFIED FOREVER That - (term of purpose) David now expresses the purpose for his bold prayers in 2Sa 7:25. Your Name may be magnified forever, by saying, 'The LORD of hosts is God over Israel - NLT = "And may your name be honored forever so that everyone will say, 'The LORD of Heaven's Armies is God over Israel!'" The reason for the petition to ask the Lord to keep his promise to David is so that the Lord’s name will be great, and men will say, “The Lord Almighty is God over Israel!” And may the house of Your servant David be established before You - NAS and NLT makes this sound like a prayer, but most versions render it as a declarative prophetic sentence. Thus the NIV = "And the house of your servant David will be established before you." 2 Samuel 7:27 "For You, O LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, have made a revelation to Your servant, saying, 'I will build you a house'; therefore Your servant has found courage to pray this prayer to You. BGT 2 Samuel 7:27 κύριε παντοκράτωρ θεὸς Ισραηλ ἀπεκάλυψας τὸ ὠτίον τοῦ δούλου σου λέγων οἶκον οἰκοδομήσω σοι διὰ τοῦτο εὗρεν ὁ δοῦλός σου τὴν καρδίαν ἑαυτοῦ τοῦ προσεύξασθαι πρὸς σὲ τὴν προσευχὴν ταύτην LXE 2 Samuel 7:27 Almighty Lord God of Israel, thou hast uncovered the ear of thy servant, saying, I will build thee a house: therefore thy servant has found in his heart to pray this prayer to thee. KJV 2 Samuel 7:27 For thou, O LORD of hosts, God of Israel, hast revealed to thy servant, saying, I will build thee an house: therefore hath thy servant found in his heart to pray this prayer unto thee. NET 2 Samuel 7:27 for you, O LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, have told your servant, 'I will build you a dynastic house.' That is why your servant has had the courage to pray this prayer to you. CSB 2 Samuel 7:27 since You, LORD of Hosts, God of Israel, have revealed this to Your servant when You said, "I will build a house for you." Therefore, Your servant has found the courage to pray this prayer to You. ESV 2 Samuel 7:27 For you, O LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, have made this revelation to your servant, saying, 'I will build you a house.' Therefore your servant has found courage to pray this prayer to you. NIV 2 Samuel 7:27 "O LORD Almighty, God of Israel, you have revealed this to your servant, saying, 'I will build a house for you.' So your servant has found courage to offer you this prayer. NLT 2 Samuel 7:27 "O LORD of Heaven's Armies, God of Israel, I have been bold enough to pray this prayer to you because you have revealed all this to your servant, saying, 'I will build a house for you-- a dynasty of kings!' NRS 2 Samuel 7:27 For you, O LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, have made this revelation to your servant, saying, 'I will build you a house'; therefore your servant has found courage to pray this prayer to you. NJB 2 Samuel 7:27 since you, Yahweh Sabaoth, the God of Israel, have disclosed to your servant, "I am going to build you a dynasty." Hence, your servant has ventured to offer this prayer to you. NAB 2 Samuel 7:27 It is you, LORD of hosts, God of Israel, who said in a revelation to your servant, 'I will build a house for you.' Therefore your servant now finds the courage to make this prayer to you. YLT 2 Samuel 7:27 For Thou, Jehovah of Hosts, God of Israel, Thou hast uncovered the ear of Thy servant, saying, A house I build for thee, therefore hath Thy servant found his heart to pray unto Thee this prayer; GWN 2 Samuel 7:27 You, LORD of Armies, God of Israel, have revealed it especially to me, saying, 'I will build a house for you.' That is why I have found the courage to offer this prayer to you. revelation: Heb. opened the ear, Ru 4:4 1Sa 9:15 *marg: Ps 40:6 I will: 2Sa 7:11 found: 1Ch 17:25,26 Ps 10:17 Related Passage: 1 Chronicles 17:25 "For You, O my God, have revealed to Your servant that You will build for him a house; therefore Your servant has found courage to pray before You. DAVID'S COURAGE TO PRAY TO YAHWEH For You, O LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, have made a revelation to Your servant, saying, 'I will build you a house' - See the principle - revelation stimulates prayer to God. THOUGHT - This is a good pattern to emulate. When we read the Word in the morning, do we walk away saying "I've checked off that box in my spiritual discipline list?" Or do we walk away, pondering it, praying it, praising God for what we have learned about Him and His ways? therefore Your servant has found courage to pray this prayer to You - GWN - " That is why I have found the courage to offer this prayer to you." David is praying for fulfillment of the Davidic Covenant. 2 Samuel 7:28 "Now, O Lord GOD, You are God, and Your words are truth, and You have promised this good thing to Your servant. BGT 2 Samuel 7:28 καὶ νῦν κύριέ μου κύριε σὺ εἶ ὁ θεός καὶ οἱ λόγοι σου ἔσονται ἀληθινοί καὶ ἐλάλησας ὑπὲρ τοῦ δούλου σου τὰ ἀγαθὰ ταῦτα LXE 2 Samuel 7:28 And now, O Lord my Lord, thou art God; and thy words will be true, and thou hast spoken these good things concerning thy servant. KJV 2 Samuel 7:28 And now, O Lord GOD, thou art that God, and thy words be true, and thou hast promised this goodness unto thy servant: NET 2 Samuel 7:28 Now, O sovereign LORD, you are the true God! May your words prove to be true! You have made this good promise to your servant! CSB 2 Samuel 7:28 Lord GOD, You are God; Your words are true, and You have promised this grace to Your servant. ESV 2 Samuel 7:28 And now, O Lord GOD, you are God, and your words are true, and you have promised this good thing to your servant. NIV 2 Samuel 7:28 O Sovereign LORD, you are God! Your words are trustworthy, and you have promised these good things to your servant. NLT 2 Samuel 7:28 For you are God, O Sovereign LORD. Your words are truth, and you have promised these good things to your servant. NRS 2 Samuel 7:28 And now, O Lord GOD, you are God, and your words are true, and you have promised this good thing to your servant; NJB 2 Samuel 7:28 Yes, Lord Yahweh, you are God indeed, your words are true and you have made this generous promise to your servant. NAB 2 Samuel 7:28 And now, Lord GOD, you are God and your words are truth; you have made this generous promise to your servant. YLT 2 Samuel 7:28 And now, Lord Jehovah, Thou art God Himself, and Thy words are truth, and Thou speakest unto Thy servant this goodness, GWN 2 Samuel 7:28 "Almighty LORD, you are God, and your words are trustworthy. You promised me this good thing. BBE 2 Samuel 7:28 And now, O Lord God, you are God and your words are true and you have said you will give your servant this good thing; words: Nu 23:19 Joh 17:17 Titus 1:2 Related Passage: 1 Chronicles 17:26 "Now, O LORD, You are God, and have promised this good thing to Your servant. Numbers 23:19 “God is not a man, that He should lie, Nor a son of man, that He should repent; Has He said, and will He not do it? Or has He spoken, and will He not make it good? John 17:17 “Sanctify them in the truth; Your word is truth. GOD ALONE IS GOD AND HIS WORDS & PROMISES ARE TRUE Now, O Lord GOD, You are God, and Your words are truth, and You have promised this good thing to Your servant - Three aspects about God - (1) He is God, (2) His words are truth and (3) He has promised.