João 13

John Phillips · Citado em PreceptAustin

João 13

Phillips writes "Before, he wished to tell the Lord what he could and could not do. Now he wanted to tell the Lord how things should be done." (BORROW Exploring the Gospels. John) C H

João 13

Phillips - John 13:1-17:26 Part 3. The Secrets of the Son of God. John has set before us the signs of the Son of God. Now he sets before us the secrets of the Son of God. The first major section of this gospel is public, the second is private; the first part is full of controversy, the second is full of confidences; in the first part the Lord reveals his person, in the second he reveals his passion.....Three things come immediately to view: the table, the towel, and the traitor. (BORROW Exploring the Gospels. John) John 13-16 should be studied as a unit for it all took place at the same general time and place and usually the 4 chapters are referred to as the Upper Room Discourse. Note that in the very last words of Jesus in this room He gave an important and encouraging summary statement (to all disciples throughout the ages)... “These things (WHAT THINGS? John 13-16) I have spoken (perfect tense - spoken in this room and they remain spoken, they are enduring words) to you, SO THAT (TERM OF PURPOSE OF THIS SERMON) in (NOTE SOURCE OF PEACE = HIS WORD, HIS PERSON) Me you may (present tense - continually) have peace (eirene). In the world (tharseo) you have tribulation (thlipsis cf Acts 14:22+), BUT ("STRATEGIC" TERM OF CONTRAST) take courage (tharseo in present imperative see our need to depend on the Holy Spirit to obey); I have overcome (nikao in perfect tense - at the Cross, with lasting effect) the world.” (Jn 16:33) Now before the Feast (heorte) of the Passover (pascha) - This is the third Passover recorded by John (First = Jn 2:13, Second = Jn 6:4, Third =Jn 11:55; 12:1; 13:1; 18:28, 39; 19:14). It is interesting that John referred to this same Passover as "the Passover of the Jews" in John 11:55 and here as the "Feast (heorte) of the Passover (pascha)." Why he made this distinction is not entirely clear. John MacArthur on the Feast of the Passover - This Passover would be the last divinely authorized one. From this point on there would be a new memorial—not one recalling the lambs’ blood on the doorposts but the blood of the Lamb of God (1:29, 36; Rev. 5:6; 6:9; 7:10, 17; 14:4, 10; 15:3; 19:9; 22:1, 3) “poured out for many for forgiveness of sins” (Matt. 26:28). The Last Supper celebrated by the Lord with His disciples gave Him opportunity to use the elements of the Passover meal to form a transition from the old covenant Passover to the new covenant Lord’s Supper (1 Cor. 11:23–26). (See John Commentary - Page 62) Jesus knowing (eido) that His hour (hora) had come (erchomai) that (hina - expresses the purpose of the hour) He would depart (metabaino) out (ek - out of) of this world (kosmos) to the Father (pater) - Knowing (eido) describes knowing beyond a shadow of a doubt, emphasizing Christ was fully conscious of God's grand plan of redemption and was not "stumbling in the dark" as He faced His darkest hour! (See this same thought in Jn 18:4; Jn 19:28) Jesus was in complete control of the situation (He always was and STILL IS!) .Ultimately Jesus was perfectly in touch with the will and timing of His Father, that there was no doubt about the timing. Oh, to be in so in touch with the will of our Father! In Jn 7:30 they could not seize Him "because His hour had not yet come." The coming of the Greeks in Jn 12:20+ seems to be the event that had precipitated His statement in Jn 12:23+ "The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified." The divine clock has struck twelve midnight so to speak and Jesus would soon be seized. Brian Bell on His hour had come - The 11th hour. This hour didn’t creep up on Him & take Him unaware. Yet, He also wasn’t staring at His watch, watching His life tick away. He knew He only had 15 hours to live. Yet, He is not anxious; nor nervously looking for a back door. He knows death is His destiny. He knows that not only is His death the Father’s will but even His betrayal is too. He would depart (metabaino) out (ek - out of) of this world (kosmos) to the Father (pater) - Here John identifies the hour as that which would include the crucifixion and resurrection and His ascension. In John 8:23 He had said "I am from above....I am not of this world" and thus He would soon leave this present world to go back to the Father from Whom He had come (Jn 14:12, 28; Jn 16:10, 28; Jn 17:5). And yet knowing what was coming instead of thinking of himself, Jesus thought of His disciples. Hour in John - Three uses of the hour as not yet come in John 2:4, John 7:30, John 8:20, and finally "the hour" had arrived - Jn 12:23, 27, Jn 13:1, Jn 17:1 Depart (metabaino) means to go from one place to another, transfer from one sphere to another (cf Jn 5:24, 1Jn 3:14). "The compounded preposition μετά, signifies passing over from one sphere into another." (Vincent) Death would not delay His departure but would simply change the mode of His departure as in a resurrection body. To depart would speak of Jesus' ascension 40 days after the cross, for that when He would depart from earth and return to heaven to His rightful place of honor at the right hand of His Father, waiting until the Father would make His enemies a footstool for His feet (Heb 1:13). LOVE TO THE "Nth DEGREE" He loved them to the uttermost! Having loved (agapao) His own (idios Jn 17:6, 9, 11) who were in the world (kosmos), He loved (agapao) them to the end (telos) - Key word - love! Having loved (agapao) speaks of unconditional love, the love that God is, in this case perfect holy love from the Holy One! And as He demonstrates loved is an action and not just an emotion! His own (idios) is a possessive pronoun means “one’s own” (“those belonging to him”) and thus describes the disciples as belonging to Jesus. They (and we) are His personal "possession!" They (we) were no longer their own (same adjective "idios" in 1Co 6:19+) but soon were to be "bought with a price," just as is true of all His disciples (1Co 6:20+). As noted above the keyword emphasis love (agapao and agape) in John 13-17 (where agape or agapao occur 31 times versus only 8 times in John 1-12). THOUGHT - Beloved, do you realize that you are no longer your own? You are owned by your Owner, Jesus Christ. This radical eternal truth begs the question - Are you living for self or for Savior? Are you living for this world or for the next? Do you need to return to your first love for your Owner (Rev 2:4-5+)? Bob

João 13

Phillips says "The trauma of the next few days might well shake his disciples' faith. He must prepare them, forewarn them, that they might be forearmed.....These statements about the origin and destiny of the Lord Jesus enhance the astonishing condescension of the service to which the Lord now humbled himself. The ministry he was about to perform was that of a slave. Not one of the disciples was prepared to render this service even to the master, let alone to the other disciples. The Lord was fully cognizant of who he was. He knew that lordship over the universe was his. The sinless sons of light, the shining seraphim, angels and archangels, bowed before him. He knew too where he was going: up to the gates of glory, up to the throne of God. Yet he "made himself of no reputation" and stooped to the work of a household slave." (BORROW Exploring the Gospels. John) The MacDonald Idiomatic Translation has "Jesus being fully conscious that His Father had put all things under His control and that He had originated from God and was on His way to God, took the following actions." Spurgeon on Jn 13:2-4 - Notice the wonderful contrast revealed to us in these verses. Our Lord Jesus Christ had a very vivid realization that he had come from God, and was going back to God, and that all things had been given into his hand; yet, while he knew that, and had a more than ordinary consciousness of his own dignified nature and position, he condescended to wash his disciples feet. Though many years elapsed between the event and the time when John recorded it, all the details seem to have been still present in his memory so that he distinctly mentions each separate act: “he riseth from supper, and layeth aside his upper garment, and taketh a towel, and girdeth himself.” (Spurgeon's Exposition - Gospel of John) C H

João 13

Phillips - It was Calvary that brought the light of day to shine on this. The blood of Christ provides us with a once-for-all, radical cleansing(13:10a) from sin-a complete bath, so to speak. But in our daily walk through this world we become defiled. So our feet, which come in contact with the world, need to be cleansed. We need, in other words, recurrent cleansing (13:10b) from sin. At this stage of their spiritual pilgrimage, Peter and the others were not able to grasp these truths. Indeed, they continually misunderstood the Lord's spiritual, symbolic, pictorial teaching, interpreting his words (as many have continued to do down the ages) with wooden literalism, failing to comprehend his use of parables, types, and figures of speech. (BORROW Exploring the Gospels. John) Warren Wiersbe sees a great parallel from the Old Testament - When the Jewish priests were ordained, they were washed all over (Ex. 29:4), which pictures our once-for-all cleansing; but God also provided the laver (Ex. 30:17–21) for them to use in the daily washing of their hands and feet. Today, Christ is cleansing His church through the water of the Word (Eph. 5:25–26; John 15:3). As we daily read the Word, allow the Spirit to search our hearts (Heb. 4:12), and then confess our sins, we keep our feet clean and walk in the light. (See Ps. 119:9.) It is this daily cleansing that keeps the believer in communion with Christ. The lesson here has nothing to do with “getting” or “losing” one’s salvation. It is strictly a matter of communion, fellowship with Christ. Many believers make the same mistake Peter made (v. 9); they want to be saved (washed) all over again when all they need is to have their feet washed. (BORROW Wiersbe's Expository Outlines on the New Testament PAGE 246)

João 13

Phillips - We need to note the expression "he was gone out"; it underlines the voluntary act of Judas. It is true that Jesus excommunicated Judas but it is equally true that Judas excommunicated himself. In the last analysis God does not send people to hell; they send themselves. God endorses the decisions they themselves make. The atmosphere of the upper room was now purged. The evil one had gone, taking his human agent with him, hurrying him through the night and on into the dark. (Borrow Exploring the Gospels - John page 258) Jesus said, "Now is the Son of Man glorified (doxazo), and God is glorified (doxazo) in Him - NRSV has "Now the Son of Man" has been glorified." When is now? In context, the departure of Judas marked the beginning of the end accounts for Jesus word now. The cross became a certainty the minute Judas left the room. In other words, Judas' departure set in motion the final series of events which would result in God being glorified in His Son's work of redemption soon to be accomplished on the Cross. In short, Jesus is referring to His death on the Cross as the means of His glorification. Notice that glorified is in the past tense (NRSV - "has been glorified" = proleptic aorist = "the representation of a future act or development as if presently existing or accomplished"), because Jesus knows it is so sure to be fulfilled. Judas leaves and now Jesus can share with them great truth that he was unable to share while the traitor was present. Bob

João 13

Phillips - "Now!" The departure of Judas marked a crisis and a turning point. His departure was the first step in the last lap of the journey toward the passion and all that lay beyond. The Lord saw beyond the dark valley to the glory crowned peaks beyond. He saw the rainbow high on the storm clouds. Golgotha was not the end; glory was the goal....The departure of Judas heralded the departure of Jesus. He was on his way home. The road was dark and steep. The cross stood astride the way, but death and the tomb were to be conquered. Sin and Satan were vanquished. Already the Son of man was glorified, and God was glorified by the sinless humanity of Jesus. Jesus was now on his way back to that glory he had with the Father before the worlds began, the glory he had laid aside when he came to earth. God was glorified in the Son of man; the Son of man was to be glorified as he trod that path of obedience by way of Gethsemane, Gabbatha, Golgotha, and the grave right back to glory, there to be seated on the throne of God.(Borrow Exploring the Gospels - John page 258) Godet on v31-32 writes "These two verses are as if a cry of relief which escapes from the heart of the withdrawing traitor." This is the secret of glory....to give yourself up, to lose yourself. -- Ray Stedman