Deuteronômio 32
John MacArthur · Citado em PreceptAustin
Deuteronômio 32
MacArthur - As a result of the execution of God’s vengeance, all nations will be called upon to praise with Israel the Lord who will have provided redemptively for them in Christ and also provided a new beginning in the Land. (MacArthur Study Bible) Driver - The nations are invited to congratulate Israel on possessing a God like Jehovah (33:26, Ps. 144:15), who will thus effectually take up His people’s cause. Such an invitation, addressed to the nations (cf. Is. 42:10–12, Ps. 47:2 (1) 67:1–7 al.), involves implicitly the prophetic truth that God’s dealings with Israel have, indirectly, an interest and importance for the world at large. For He will avenge (verb - naqam) the blood of His servants - As he has described in Dt 32:35. Yahweh is the ultimate "Blood Avenger!" He will avenge (05358) naqam means to avenge, take vengeance, revenge, avenge oneself, be avenged, be punished. The last OT use in Nahum 1:2 gives us a good sense of the meaning as it applies to divine vengeance - "A jealous and avenging God is the LORD; The LORD is avenging and wrathful. The LORD takes vengeance on His adversaries, And He reserves wrath for His enemies." That God is a God of righteous, just, holy, perfect vengeance should comfort all who have been unfairly treated, injured, etc in this life, for Deuteronomy 32:43 says “Rejoice...." And will render vengeance (noun - naqam) on His adversaries - "he will take vengeance against his enemies" (Dt 32:43NET) And will atone for His land and His people - Note Who the Owner is! His land, His people! NET = "make atonement for his land and people." (Dt 32:43NET)" Will atone is the verb kapar which means to make atonement, to make reconciliation (to reconcile), to purge, to make propitiation (to propitiate), to pacify, to cancel. Vine writes that "Most uses of kapar involve the theological meaning of “covering over,” often with the blood of a sacrifice, in order to atone for some sin. It is not clear whether this means that the “covering over” hides the sin from God’s sight or implies that the sin is wiped away in this process." MacArthur has an interesting analysis of the atonement - part for the land, part for the people -- This atonement for the Land is the satisfaction of God’s wrath by the sacrifice of His enemies in judgment (ED: BLOOD FOR BLOODGUILTINESS ON THE LAND). The atonement for the people is by the sacrifice of Jesus Christ on the cross (cf. Ps 79:9). Paul quotes this passage in Ro 15:10, as does the writer of Hebrews 1:6. (MacArthur Study Bible) Numbers 35:33+ supports the preceding thoughts by MacArthur 'So you shall not pollute the land in which you are; for blood pollutes the land and no expiation (or atonement - kapar ) can be made for the land for the blood that is shed on it, except by the blood of him who shed it. COMMENT - AND IN THESE PASSAGES IN Dt 32:41-42 THOSE WHO SHED BLOOD WERE AVENGED BY THE LORD). Driver on atone for His land - by slaying those who have polluted it, whether by shedding innocent blood in its midst (Dt 21:8, Nu. 35:33), or by practising in it idolatry and other abominations (Lev. 18:25). Leviticus 18:25; 28 ‘For the land has become defiled, therefore I have brought its punishment upon it, so the land has spewed out its inhabitants.(Lev 18:28) so that the land will not spew you out, should you defile it, as it has spewed out the nation which has been before you. Deuteronomy 32:44 Then Moses came and spoke all the words of this song in the hearing of the people, he, with Joshua the son of Nun. spoke : De 31:22,30 Joshua, Nu 13:8,16 Related Passages: Deuteronomy 31:19-22+ Now therefore, write this song for yourselves, and teach it to the sons of Israel; put it on their lips, so that this song may be a witness for Me against the sons of Israel. 20 “For when I bring them into the land flowing with milk and honey, which I swore to their fathers, and they have eaten and are satisfied and become prosperous, then they will turn to other gods and serve them, and spurn Me and break My covenant. 21 “Then it shall come about, when many evils and troubles have come upon them, that this song will testify before them as a witness (for it shall not be forgotten from the lips of their descendants); for I know their intent which they are developing today, before I have brought them into the land which I swore.” 22 So Moses wrote this song the same day, and taught it to the sons of Israel. Deuteronomy 31:30 Then Moses spoke in the hearing of all the assembly of Israel the words of this song, until they were complete: MOSES SPEAKS HIS SONG TO ALL Then Moses came - From wherever he was (not stated) when he received this song from Yahweh. And spoke all the words of this song in the hearing of the people, he, with Joshua the son of Nun - "The verse forms the conclusion, corresponding to the introduction Dt 31:16–22. Dt 31:22 states how Moses wrote the Song, Dt 32:44 how he recited it before the people" (Driver ) Joshua is called Hoshea only in Nu 13:8, 16. Warren
Deuteronômio 32
MacArthur - The “heart” commonly refers to the mind as the center of thinking and reason (Pr 3:3; 6:21; 7:3), but also includes the emotions (Pr 15:15, 30), the will (Pr 11:20; 14:14), and thus, the whole inner being (Pr 3:5). The heart is the depository of all wisdom and the source of whatever affects speech (Pr 4:24), sight (Pr 4:25), and conduct (Pr 4:26, 27). (MacArthur Study Bible) Kalland - In like manner he had said before that they should seek the Lord with all their heart (Dt 4:29), love the Lord with all their heart (Dt 6:5; 13:3; 30:6), serve him with all their heart (Dt 10:12; 11:13), and fix his (Moses') words in their heart (Dt 11:18). Previously Moses had said that the Lord was the people's life (30:20); here he said that "all the words I have solemnly declared to you," "all the words of this law" (v.46), are their "life" (v.47). This was so because by adherence to the revelation the Lord had given them, they were to live under his covenant in the land across the Jordan. These words were not to be taken lightly, as though the people could follow them or disregard them with no great change in their welfare in either case. Not so! The revelation in covenant-treaty form was to be obeyed in all its detail, with a willing adherence and devotion both to the words and spirit of the law and to its giver—the Lord their God. He was their life, and his words were their life. Without the words there would be insufficient knowledge of him or of his way of life for them. Commitment to the Lord and to his word would insure a long national life for Israel in the Promised Land. (Expositor's Bible Commentary – Volume 3: Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1 & 2 Samuel) John Maxwell - If they will meditate on the certainty and severity of the judgment that God will send them for apostasy, the Song of Moses can serve as a powerful deterrent to future rebellion. A healthy fear of judgment will also help their descendants to obey God’s Word. (Preacher's Commentary) Moses has repeatedly exhorted Israel to take his words to heart... Deuteronomy 6:6-7+ “These words, which I am commanding you today, shall be on your heart. 7 “You shall teach them diligently to your sons and shall talk of them when you sit in your house and when you walk by the way and when you lie down and when you rise up. Deuteronomy 11:18-20+ “You shall therefore impress these words of mine on your heart and on your soul; and you shall bind them as a sign on your hand, and they shall be as frontals on your forehead. . 19“ You shall teach them to your sons, talking of them when you sit in your house and when you walk along the road and when you lie down and when you rise up. 20 “You shall write them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates, 🙏 THOUGHT How do you take them to heart? This is Mosaic "shorthand" for memorize this song! Beloved, are you memorizing the word of God? If not you are missing out on the greatest treasure and greatest experience of your life. These words are God's very own breath (so to speak - Isa 55:11, 2Ti 3:16+) written on paper (or digital means) but God wants them nearer and dearer to you. He wants them on your heart, not just in your head! When you memorize, you are taking in that which is truly living and active (energetic - Heb 4:12+)! Do you really believe that is true? Then you now have no excuse for not beginning this adventure of a lifetime! Yes, this is a spiritual discipline but it is more than a discipline. It is a delight, a joy and as Moses says in Dt 32:47, it is your life! (cf Dt 8:3+, Mt 4:4+) Like the commercial says "JUST DO IT!" In time and eternity you will not regret it. This is a clear charge from Moses to the people to memorize the Word of God which in turn facilitates meditating on the Word of God (see advantages in Ps 1:2+, Ps 1:3+ , Joshua 1:8+). It is very difficult to meditate on that which you have not memorized! Remember the Israelites did not have WiFi or Ipads to look up the Word! They had no written text to which they might refer. Treasuring God's Word in their heart was crucial for their spiritual success (cp Ps 119:9, 11). Are you intentionally, systematically storing up God's precious truth in your heart? This is a once in a lifetime opportunity! Don't miss it! This spiritual discipline will yield dividends not only in this life but in the life to come. As Paul instructed Timothy... But have nothing to do with worldly fables fit only for old women. On the other hand, discipline (present imperative see our need to depend on the Holy Spirit to obey)(gumnazo n the present imperative = command to make this one's habitual practice!) yourself for the purpose of godliness; 8 for (term of explanation) bodily discipline is only of little profit, but godliness is profitable for all things, since it holds promise for the present life and also for the life to come. 9 It is a trustworthy statement deserving full acceptance. 10 For it is for this we labor (kopiao = to point of exhaustion = memorizing is not easy!) and strive (agonizomai = with agonizing effort. Why? Eternity will prove it was worth it! Strive to memorize God's Word! You won't be disappointed!), because we have fixed our hope on the living God, who is the Savior of all men, especially of believers. 1Ti 4:7-10+) Related Resources: Meditate Primer on Biblical Meditation Memorizing His Word Memory Verses by Topic - Begin slowly memorizing one topic The law of his God is in his heart. His steps do not slip. THE BEST THING. IN THE BEST PLACE. FOR THE BEST RESULT! --Psalm 37:31 John
Deuteronômio 32
MacArthur - Moses reiterated to Israel that obedience to the Lord's commands was to be the key to her living long in the land that God had prepared and called for this song to be a kind of national anthem which the leaders should see is frequently repeated to animate the people to love and obey God. (MacArthur Study Bible) This clear association of the Word of God and our life reminds me of the words Jesus used to deflect the verbal attack (temptation) of the devil - " But He answered and said, “It is written, ‘MAN SHALL NOT LIVE ON BREAD ALONE, BUT ON EVERY WORD THAT PROCEEDS OUT OF THE MOUTH OF GOD.’" (Mt 4:4, Lk 4:4) Compare the teaching in Dt 30:19-20 where Moses ““I call heaven and earth to witness against you today, that I have set before you life and death, the blessing and the curse. So choose life in order that you may live, you and your descendants, by loving the LORD your God, by obeying His voice, and by holding fast to Him (How do you hold fast to Him? By holding His Word, that it might hold you when trials and temptations come as we know they will); for (another term of explanation) this is your life and the length of your days, that you may live in the land which the LORD swore to your fathers, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to give them.” In other words, by obeying the Word, one shows he loves the LORD his God and the result is life and blessing, not only in this life but in that to come! Hold on beloved for Jesus said "I am coming quickly." (Rev 22:12). Warren
Deuteronômio 32:46-47
MacArthur - The “heart” commonly refers to the mind as the center of thinking and reason (Pr 3:3; 6:21; 7:3), but also includes the emotions (Pr 15:15, 30), the will (Pr 11:20; 14:14), and thus, the whole inner being (Pr 3:5). The heart is the depository of all wisdom and the source of whatever affects speech (Pr 4:24), sight (Pr 4:25), and conduct (Pr 4:26, 27). (MacArthur, J.: The MacArthur Study Bible Nashville: Word ) Here Moses repeats a similar earlier charge... And these words, which I am commanding you today, shall be on your heart; and you shall teach them diligently to your sons and shall talk of them when you sit in your house and when you walk by the way and when you lie down and when you rise up. (Dt 6:6-7) What does taking God's Word into one's heart depict? This is a clear charge from Moses to the people to memorize the Word of God which in turn facilitates meditating on the Word of God (Ps 1:2-note, Ps 1:3-note , Joshua 1:8-note). It is very difficult to meditate on that which you have not memorized! Remember the Israelites did not have WiFi or Ipods to look up the Word! They had no written text to which they might refer. Treasuring God's Word in their heart was crucial for their spiritual success (cp Ps 119:9, 11). Are you intentionally, systematically storing up God's precious truth in your heart? This is a once in a lifetime opportunity! Don't miss it! This spiritual discipline will yield dividends not only in this life but in the life to come. As Paul instructed Timothy But have nothing to do with worldly fables fit only for old women. On the other hand, discipline (gumnazo n the present imperative = command to make this one's habitual practice!) yourself for the purpose of godliness; 8 for (term of explanation) bodily discipline is only of little profit, but godliness is profitable for all things, since it holds promise for the present life and also for the life to come. 9 It is a trustworthy statement deserving full acceptance. 10 For it is for this we labor (kopiao = to point of exhaustion = memorizing is not easy!) and strive (agonizomai = with agonizing effort. Why? Eternity will prove it was worth it! Strive to memorize God's Word! You won't be disappointed!), because we have fixed our hope on the living God, who is the Savior of all men, especially of believers. (1Ti 4:7-10+) John