Deuteronômio 12
John MacArthur · Citado em PreceptAustin
Deuteronômio 12
MacArthur - The Canaanite sanctuaries to be destroyed were located in places believed to have particular religious significance. The mountain or hill was thought to be the home of a god and by ascending the mountain, the worshiper was in some symbolic sense closer to the deity. Certain trees were considered to be sacred and symbolized fertility, a dominant theme in Canaanite religion. Coakley - Mountains were often the locations of cultic centers, and pagan worship was often carried on in groves of trees. Forests were not only important for providing timber for building projects in the ancient Near East but were also considered important symbols of fertility and hence readily associated with pagan practices (cf. Ge 12:6 where the “oak of Moreh” is juxtaposed next to “the Canaanite”). Abraham often erected altars by trees (e.g., Ge 13:18; cf. Dt 11:30), perhaps to counter the Canaanite practices associated with trees. Any objects related to worship were to be torn down or burned. The Israelites were to leave no trace and were to obliterate their name from that place. THOUGHT- One has written regarding this warning to those who call themselves "Christian" today: "Any culture that does not conform to the will of God is pagan, that is, foreign to God. Paying token lip service to God does not mean that our culture is Christian. Today we are hardly prone to lapse into the idol worship of ancient Israel, but we must be on guard lest our worship of God and life-style before Him become compromised with godless forms of modern culture. Keeping Christian faith and practice pure in a pagan setting is always difficult."
Deuteronômio 12
MacArthur - Cf. Dt 12:11, 18, 21. Various places of worship were chosen after the people settled in Canaan, such as Mt. Ebal (27:1–8; Jos 8:30–35), Shechem (Jos 24:1–28) and Shiloh (Jos 18:1), which was the center of worship through the period of Judges (Jdg 21:19). The tabernacle, the Lord’s dwelling place, was located in Canaan, where the Lord chose to dwell. The central importance of the tabernacle was in direct contrast to the multiple places (see v. 2) where the Canaanites practiced their worship of idols. Eventually, the tabernacle was brought to Jerusalem by David (cf. 2Sa 6:12–19). Choose reflects God's omniscient sovereignty to do as He pleases and knows best for their (our) good and His glory. Choose is a keyword in chapter 12 (Deut. 12:5; Deut. 12:11; Deut. 12:14; Deut. 12:18; Deut. 12:21; Deut. 12:2). The place the LORD choses is a key thought in Deuteronomy occurring 22 times! (Dt 12:5, Dt 12:11, Dt 12:14, Dt 12:18, Dt 12:21, Dt 12:26, Dt 14:23,Dt 14:24, Dt 14:25, Dt 15:20, Dt 16:2, Dt 16:6, Dt 16:7, Dt 16:11, Dt 16:15, Dt 16:16, Dt 17:8,Dt 17:10, Dt 18:6, Dt 23:16, Dt 26:2, Dt 31:11 to establish His name there for His dwelling, and there you shall come - Note His Name is synonymous with His presence. See Utley's topic for discussion of His Name YHWH. THOUGHT - It may not be easy to find the place where God wants you to worship, but it is out there. There is a place where He wants you to worship. He has not called you to follow Him in isolation. (Guzik) Choose (0977) bahar/bachar in most contexts means to choose or to select, to take a keen look at, to prove, to . It denotes a choice, which is based on a thorough examination of the situation and not an arbitrary whim. Lot choose Sodom (Ge 13:11). Moses chose able men (Ex 18:25). "Theologically, bāchar asserts the sovereignty of God in all of life. It affirms divine omnipotence and capacity for choice and in so doing declares that purpose and personality, expressing itself in agape love, lie at the heart of reality." (Gilbrant) TWOT adds that bahar/bachar is often "used to express that choosing which has ultimate and eternal significance." "Bāḥar is used 30 times in Deuteronomy, all but twice referring to God's "choice" of Israel or something in Israel's life." (Vine) Bahar in Deuteronomy - Deut. 4:37; Deut. 7:6; Deut. 7:7; Deut. 10:15; Deut. 12:5; Deut. 12:11; Deut. 12:14; Deut. 12:18; Deut. 12:21; Deut. 12:26; Deut. 14:2; Deut. 14:23; Deut. 14:24; Deut. 14:25; Deut. 15:20; Deut. 16:2; Deut. 16:6; Deut. 16:7; Deut. 16:11; Deut. 16:15; Deut. 16:16; Deut. 17:8; Deut. 17:10; Deut. 17:15; Deut. 18:5; Deut. 18:6; Deut. 21:5; Deut. 23:16; Deut. 26:2; Deut. 30:19; Deut. 31:11; (Utley ) Many modern scholars have tried to assert that Deuteronomy was written late to accommodate Hezekiah and Josiah’s reforms of centralizing Israel’s worship. However, Deuteronomy does not name Jerusalem as the specific site that YHWH will choose. In context the theological contrast is between: 1. the local Ba’al shrines and the one shrine of Israel 2. the monotheism of Israel versus the polytheism of Canaan (and the rest of the ancient Near East) The tabernacle (ark) traveled with Israel: 1. Gilgal, Josh. 4:19; 10:6, 15 2. Shechem, Josh 8:33 3. Shiloh, Josh 18:1; Jdgs. 18:31; 1 Sam. 1:3 4. Bethel, (possible) Jdgs. 20:18, 26–28; 21:2 5. Kiriath-jearim, ark, 1 Sa 6:21; 7:1–2 (priests at Nob, cf. 1 Sa 21–22) 6. Jerusalem a. David captures the citadel of Jebus (cf. 2 Sa 5:1–10) b. David brings the ark to Jerusalem (cf. 2 Sa 6:1-23) c David purchases the site of the temple (2 Sa 24:15–25; 2 Chr. 3:1) Deuteronomy 12:6 "There you shall bring your burnt offerings, your sacrifices, your tithes, the contribution of your hand, your votive offerings, your freewill offerings, and the firstborn of your herd and of your flock. burnt: Lev 17:3-9 Eze 20:40 tithes: De 12:17 14:22-26 15:19,20 26:2 Lev 27:32,33 Nu 18:15-17 Mal 3:8,10 Lu 11:42 18:12 Deuteronomy 12 Resources Related Passages: Leviticus 1:3+ ‘If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he shall offer it, a male without defect; he shall offer it at the doorway of the tent of meeting, that he may be accepted before the LORD. Leviticus 27:30 Thus all the tithe of the land, of the seed of the land or of the fruit of the tree, is the LORD’S; it is holy to the LORD. Leviticus 7:32 ‘You shall give the right thigh to the priest as a contribution from the sacrifices of your peace offerings. There you shall bring your burnt offerings - (see "Related Resources" below) Burnt offering were "holistic" and spoke of total, complete and unreserved dedication to Yahweh. This was a voluntary offering. THOUGHT - God wants US before He wants our offering. Don't fall into the trap of thinking your offering substitutes for the offering of your whole being, heart, soul and might (cf Dt 6:5+). "Therefore I urge you, brethren, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies (HOLISTIC PRESENTATION!) a living and holy sacrifice, acceptable to God, which is your spiritual service of worship." (Romans 12:1+, cf Ro 6:12-14+)
Deuteronômio 12
MacArthur - See Ge 9:4–6 and Lv 17:10–14. The blood symbolized life. By refraining from eating blood, the Israelite demonstrated respect for life and ultimately for the Creator of life. Blood, representing life, was the ransom price for sins. So blood was sacred and not to be consumed by the people. This relates to atonement in Lv 16; Heb 9:12–14; 1Pe 1:18, 19; 1Jn 1:7. Deuteronomy 12:24 "You shall not eat it; you shall pour it out on the ground like water. De 12:16 15:23 Deuteronomy 12 Resources You shall not eat it; you shall pour it out on the ground like water. Henry
Deuteronômio 12
MacArthur - The Word that God had given to Israel through Moses was complete and sufficient to direct the people. Thus, this law, the gift of God at Horeb, could not be supplemented or reduced. Anything that adulterated or contradicted God’s law would not be tolerated (cf. Dt 4:2; Pr 30:6; Rev 22:18, 19).