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John MacArthur · Citado em PreceptAustin
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MacArthur - F. F. Bruce notes that "a Sadducee could not become a Christian without abandoning the distinctive theological position of his party; a Pharisee could become a Christian and remain a Pharisee—in the early decades of Christianity, at least" (The Book of the Acts, The New International Commentary on the New Testament [Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1971], 453). The Scriptures record Pharisees who became Christians, including Nicodemus (John 3:1) and others (Acts 15:5), but no Sadducees. (MacArthur New Testament Commentary – Acts) Acts 23:9 And there occurred a great uproar; and some of the scribes of the Pharisaic party stood up and began to argue heatedly, saying, "We find nothing wrong with this man; suppose a spirit or an angel has spoken to him? KJV Acts 23:9 And there arose a great cry: and the scribes that were of the Pharisees' part arose, and strove, saying, We find no evil in this man: but if a spirit or an angel hath spoken to him, let us not fight against God. (Only in Textus Receptus) NET Acts 23:9 There was a great commotion, and some experts in the law from the party of the Pharisees stood up and protested strongly, "We find nothing wrong with this man. What if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him?" GNT Acts 23:9 ἐγένετο δὲ κραυγὴ μεγάλη, καὶ ἀναστάντες τινὲς τῶν γραμματέων τοῦ μέρους τῶν Φαρισαίων διεμάχοντο λέγοντες, Οὐδὲν κακὸν εὑρίσκομεν ἐν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ τούτῳ· εἰ δὲ πνεῦμα ἐλάλησεν αὐτῷ ἢ ἄγγελος; NLT Acts 23:9 So there was a great uproar. Some of the teachers of religious law who were Pharisees jumped up and began to argue forcefully. "We see nothing wrong with him," they shouted. "Perhaps a spirit or an angel spoke to him." KJV Acts 23:9 And there arose a great cry: and the scribes that were of the Pharisees' part arose, and strove, saying, We find no evil in this man: but if a spirit or an angel hath spoken to him, let us not fight against God. ESV Acts 23:9 Then a great clamor arose, and some of the scribes of the Pharisees' party stood up and contended sharply, "We find nothing wrong in this man. What if a spirit or an angel spoke to him?" CSB Acts 23:9 The shouting grew loud, and some of the scribes of the Pharisees' party got up and argued vehemently: "We find nothing evil in this man. What if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him?" NIV Acts 23:9 There was a great uproar, and some of the teachers of the law who were Pharisees stood up and argued vigorously. "We find nothing wrong with this man," they said. "What if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him?" NAB Acts 23:9 A great uproar occurred, and some scribes belonging to the Pharisee party stood up and sharply argued, "We find nothing wrong with this man. Suppose a spirit or an angel has spoken to him?" NKJ Acts 23:9 Then there arose a loud outcry. And the scribes of the Pharisees' party arose and protested, saying, "We find no evil in this man; but if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him, let us not fight against God." NJB Acts 23:9 The shouting grew louder, and some of the scribes from the Pharisees' party stood up and protested strongly, 'We find nothing wrong with this man. Suppose a spirit has spoken to him, or an angel?' GWN Acts 23:9 The shouting became very loud. Some of the scribes were Pharisees who argued their position forcefully. They said, "We don't find anything wrong with this man. Maybe a spirit or an angel actually spoke to him!" NRS Acts 23:9 Then a great clamor arose, and certain scribes of the Pharisees' group stood up and contended, "We find nothing wrong with this man. What if a spirit or an angel has spoken to him?" YLT Acts 23:9 And there came a great cry, and the scribes of the Pharisees' part having arisen, were striving, saying, 'No evil do we find in this man; and if a spirit spake to him, or a messenger, we may not fight against God;' We find nothing wrong with this man Acts 25:25; 26:31; 1 Samuel 24:17; Pr 16:7; Luke 23:4,14,15,22 suppose a spirit or an angel has spoken to him Acts 23:8; 9:4; 22:7,17,18; 26:14-19; 27:23; John 12:29 let us not fight against God. (Only In KJV - Textus Receptus) - Acts 5:39; 11:17; 1 Cor 10:22 Video of Paul before the Sanhedrin Acts 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE COUNCIL MELTS DOWN AND EXPLODES And there occurred a great uproar - Not just an uproar but a "great" (megas) uproar, a a state of great commotion, noise, and confusion! Imagine what was going through the Roman Commander's mind! "O no, not again!!!" Uproar ("shouting grew loud" CSB, "shouting became very loud" GWN) (2906)(krauge from krazo = clamor or cry = a word like "croak" ~ suggests a rough and guttural sound = croaking of ravens = croak or cry out with a loud, raucous voice like donkey in Job 6:5, childbirth Is 26:17, war cry in Josh 6:16) can refer to a chorus of voices (one voice in Lk 1:42) speaking loudly at the same time (outcry, shout, clamor). And some of the scribes of the Pharisaic party stood up and began to argue heatedly - The scribes as the “copyists” and teachers were supposed to be the "experts in the law" and as Pharisees they believed in the resurrection. Argue heatedly (protest strongly, violently or vehemently, contend sharply) in the imperfect tense picture the scribes "fighting it out" verbally, again and again. As A T
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MacArthur - Some have wondered how to harmonize Paul's strong language with his declaration to the Corinthians that "when we are reviled, we bless" (1 Cor. 4:12). They point out, in contrast, the example of Jesus, who "while being reviled, did not revile in return; while suffering, uttered no threats" (1 Pet. 2:23). When Jesus was struck in violation of the law, He merely asked, "If I have spoken wrongly, bear witness of the wrong; but if rightly, why do you strike Me?" (John 18:23).The answer is, of course, that Paul was not Jesus. Jesus was the sinless Son of God. Paul, while no doubt the godliest man who ever lived, was still a sinner. He vividly described his battle with indwelling sin in Romans 7:14ff.; this was one time when the flesh prevailed. (MacArthur New Testament Commentary – Acts) Whitewashed (3867)(koniao) means to daub with lime, to plaster. It alludes to the practice of smearing something over with lime and thus to whitewash or plaster over. T. he Jews were accustomed to whitewash the entrances to their sepulchres, as a warning against defilement by touching them. Figuratively koniao is used of those who are like whitewashed walls and so are impostors or hypocrites. Used figuratively only twice, by Jesus (Mt 23:27) and Paul (Acts 23:3), both in the perfect tense which depicts this as the state or condition of those described as "whitewashed." Jesus' use is particularly biting and ironic for He is describing the Pharisees as representing the very thing they avoid. They are not what they appear to be, and they (not tombs!) are to be avoided as unclean even though they claim to be clean. Used 3x in the Septuagint -Deut. 27:2; Deut. 27:4; Prov. 21:9. Gilbrant - Koniaō is a verb derived from konia which means “dust” and, by extension, other powdery substances like ashes, lime, gypsum, or even sand. In Deuteronomy 27:2,4 Moses told the Israelites to set up stones 40 miles north of Jerusalem on Mount Ebal, to “whitewash” them, and to inscribe the Law on them for everyone to see. The Septuagint version of Proverbs 21:9 gives the only other Old Testament usage: “It is better to live in the corner of a housetop than in plastered (rooms) with unrighteousness” (writer’s translation). The New Testament uses koniaō twice. In His denunciation of the Pharisees, Jesus compared their religious facade with whitewashed sepulchers (Matthew 23:27). Whitewashing the entrances to tombs made them more noticeable so people would avoid touching them and defiling themselves. In Acts 23:3 Paul called the high priest a “whited wall,” evidently intending to label him a hypocrite as Jesus had the Pharisees in Matthew 23:27 (compare Paul’s reaction to Elymas in Acts 13:10). The expression may have been a proverbial statement Paul leveled at Ananias. Even though Ananias was sitting in religious judgment, he had Paul slapped, contrary to the same Law which he was required to uphold. Longenecker - Ananias's order to strike the defendant was in character. But Paul's retort seems quite out of character for a follower of the one who "when they hurled their insults at him, he did not retaliate; when he suffered, he made no threats" (1 Peter 2:23). Paul, it seems, momentarily lost his composure—as evidently Ananias hoped he would—and put himself at a disadvantage before the council. We cannot excuse this sudden burst of anger, though we must not view it self-righteously. We are made of the same stuff as Paul, and his provocation was greater than most of us will ever face. Yet his quickness in acknowledging his wrong (Acts 23:5) was more than many of us are willing to do. (The Expositor's Bible Commentary – Volume 9: John and Acts PAUL REVEALS THE PRIEST'S PROBLEM Do you sit to try me according to the Law, and in violation of the Law order me to be struck?" - This man was sitting in judgment to judge according to the law and yet he was violating the law by commanding that Paul be struck. It was a faulty judgment by Ananias and he was the one that was in the wrong. Paul is calling him a hypocrite, implying how preposterous that a "whitewashed" tomb would judge him! Deuteronomy 25:1-2 says only a man found guilty can be beaten, and Paul had not yet been found guilty of anything. Andrews - It is amazing how often those who sit in judgment are the ones who are in the wrong. (ED: Compare some of the decisions being handed down by liberal, godless judges in American courts!) NET Note - In violation of the law. Paul was claiming that punishment was given before the examination was complete (m. Sanhedrin 3:6–8 - scroll down). Luke’s noting of this detail shows how quickly the leadership moved to react against Paul. Jack Arnold - This slap in the mouth caused Paul’s temper to flare, and he caustically said, “You bare faced hypocrite!” The only whitewashed walls in Jerusalem were tombstones. Paul was saying, “You are like a tombstone, whitewashed on the outside but within you are filled with rotten flesh and the bones of the dead!” In essence, Paul said to the high priest, “You stinking hypocrite!” Paul probably lost his cool here but he was right to stand upon his rights as a Jew, for it was against the law of Israel to strike a Jew before he was proven guilty. When Paul said, “God is going to strike you,” this was a hidden prediction for Ananias was killed by an assassin in 64 A.D. Was this blow to the mouth part of God’s loving. providential care of Paul? Yes, and God somehow used it for His own glory. Even the evil acts of men somehow bring about the secret plan of God. “This man, delivered up by the predetermined plan and foreknowledge of God, you nailed to a cross by the hands of godless men and put Him to death” (Acts 2:23). Longnecker adds "“Paul’s words, however, were more prophetic than he realized. Ananias’ final days – despite all his scheming and bribes – were lived as a hunted animal and ended at the hands of his own people.” (EBC) Acts 23:4 But the bystanders said, "Do you revile God's high priest?" KJV Acts 23:4 And they that stood by said, Revilest thou God's high priest? NET Acts 23:4 Those standing near him said, "Do you dare insult God's high priest?" GNT Acts 23:4 οἱ δὲ παρεστῶτες εἶπαν, Τὸν ἀρχιερέα τοῦ θεοῦ λοιδορεῖς; NLT Acts 23:4 Those standing near Paul said to him, "Do you dare to insult God's high priest?" KJV Acts 23:4 And they that stood by said, Revilest thou God's high priest? ESV Acts 23:4 Those who stood by said, "Would you revile God's high priest?" CSB Acts 23:4 And those standing nearby said, "Do you dare revile God's high priest?" NIV Acts 23:4 Those who were standing near Paul said, "You dare to insult God's high priest?" NAB Acts 23:4 The attendants said, "Would you revile God's high priest?" NKJ Acts 23:4 And those who stood by said, "Do you revile God's high priest?" NJB Acts 23:4 The attendants said, 'Are you insulting the high priest of God? GWN Acts 23:4 The men standing near Paul said to him, "You're insulting God's chief priest!" NRS Acts 23:4 Those standing nearby said, "Do you dare to insult God's high priest?" YLT Acts 23:4 And those who stood by said, 'The chief priest of God dost thou revile?' Video of Paul before the Sanhedrin Acts 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries DO YOU DARE? Parker quips "It is curious to notice, and most instructive, how religious some people suddenly become. They that stood by said, Revilest thou God's high-priest?" Hypocrites, every one! Ananias rose and fell in their estimation according to circumstances, which Ananias could not control. He was high-priest when it suited them; he was a common man when it suited their purpose to treat him so. They were conventionalists; they simply accepted the spirit of office and of ceremonialism, and did not care to inquire how far it connected itself with personal holiness and expressed personal worth." Andrews - Paul didn’t disrespect the office of high priest, but the man that occupied the office. He didn’t rebuke the office, but the man that held that office. (Ibid) But the bystanders (paristemi) said, "Do you revile God's high priest?" (archiereus) - The idea is Paul had spoken in a highly insulting manner. And since Paul knew the law, he immediately realized he had acted in a wrong manner against the office per se (independent of the corrupt character of Ananias). Note phrase God's high priest, implying he belonged to God, but hardly the case in this instance, for the was evil and corrupt in the eyes of God (Pr 15:3). A T
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MacArthur wrote, “The use of loidoreo shows that the people felt Paul’s strong language was not some calculated legal ploy to take advantage of Ananias’s violation of the law but an expression of anger... Although an evil man and a disgrace to his office, the high priest still occupied a God-ordained position of authority. He was not to be reviled but respected (Dt 17:8-12).” Hanze in the TDNT wrote that ""The high-priest stands before God. To abuse him, especially in the discharge of his office, is blasphemy." Acts 23:5 And Paul said, "I was not aware, brethren, that he was high priest; for it is written, 'YOU SHALL NOT SPEAK EVIL OF A RULER OF YOUR PEOPLE.'" KJV Acts 23:5 Then said Paul, I wist not, brethren, that he was the high priest: for it is written, Thou shalt not speak evil of the ruler of thy people. NET Acts 23:5 Paul replied, "I did not realize, brothers, that he was the high priest, for it is written, 'You must not speak evil about a ruler of your people.'" GNT Acts 23:5 ἔφη τε ὁ Παῦλος, Οὐκ ᾔδειν, ἀδελφοί, ὅτι ἐστὶν ἀρχιερεύς· γέγραπται γὰρ ὅτι Ἄρχοντα τοῦ λαοῦ σου οὐκ ἐρεῖς κακῶς. NLT Acts 23:5 "I'm sorry, brothers. I didn't realize he was the high priest," Paul replied, "for the Scriptures say, 'You must not speak evil of any of your rulers.' " ESV Acts 23:5 And Paul said, "I did not know, brothers, that he was the high priest, for it is written, 'You shall not speak evil of a ruler of your people.'" CSB Acts 23:5 "I did not know, brothers, that he was the high priest," replied Paul. "For it is written, You must not speak evil of a ruler of your people." NIV Acts 23:5 Paul replied, "Brothers, I did not realize that he was the high priest; for it is written: 'Do not speak evil about the ruler of your people.' " NAB Acts 23:5 Paul answered, "Brothers, I did not realize he was the high priest. For it is written, 'You shall not curse a ruler of your people.'" NKJ Acts 23:5 Then Paul said, "I did not know, brethren, that he was the high priest; for it is written,`You shall not speak evil of a ruler of your people.'" NJB Acts 23:5 Paul answered, 'Brothers, I did not realise it was the high priest; certainly scripture says, "You will not curse your people's leader." ' GWN Acts 23:5 Paul answered, "Brothers, I didn't know that he is the chief priest. After all, Scripture says, 'Don't speak evil about a ruler of your people.'" NRS Acts 23:5 And Paul said, "I did not realize, brothers, that he was high priest; for it is written, 'You shall not speak evil of a leader of your people.'" YLT Acts 23:5 and Paul said, 'I did not know, brethren, that he is chief priest: for it hath been written, Of the ruler of thy people thou shalt not speak evil;' I was not aware - Acts 24:17 You shall not speak evil - Exodus 22:28; Eccl 10:20; 2 Peter 2:10; Jude 1:8,9 Video of Paul before the Sanhedrin Acts 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries I DID NOT KNOW And Paul said, "I was not aware, brethren, that he was high priest (archiereus) - Note he uses the word brethren again, this time likely in a respectful and conciliatory sense. That Paul would not know Ananias would not be an unreasonable assertion because Paul had been gone from Jerusalem almost 20 years. Either Paul did not recognize the speaker, he did not know he was serving unofficially in the capacity of the high priest, or he is underscoring the fact that Ananias was not the official high priest. William
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MacArthur - Paul's reaction was that of a mature Christian. He saw his sin in relation to how holy God was, not how bad the high priest was. And when he realized his sin, he immediately confessed it and submitted to the authority of Scripture. Christians who thus deal with sin in their lives will save themselves much chastisement (cf. 1 Cor. 11:31). (Ibid)
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MacArthur - God will deliver him—not by a supernatural miracle, but by His providential ordering of circumstances. Paul's situation closely parallels that of another man of God, David. He, too, was treated unfairly and plotted against—only to repeatedly experience God's providential deliverance....The scene is tragically reminiscent of Jesus' death. Both Jesus and Paul were Jews, preachers of the gospel to their people, and guilty of no crime. Yet both were plotted against, both stood before a confused Sanhedrin, and both were prisoners in Fort Antonia. Paul truly shared in "the fellowship of His sufferings" (Phil. 3:10; cf. Gal. 6:17). (Ibid) When it was day - "At night the Lord met with His servant Paul to encourage him—at day the devil met with his servants about Paul to execute him!" (Andrews) The Jews (Ioudaios) formed a conspiracy and bound themselves under an oath (cf. 1 Sa 14:44; 2 Sa 3:35; 19:13; 1 Ki 2:23; 2 Ki 6:31), saying that they would neither eat nor drink until they had killed Paul - Their willingness to take a serious oath shows the lengths to which the Jews were willing to go to eradicate Paul. Their hatred of Paul was bitter and abiding. Sadly their conspiracy was a picture of men deceiving themselves (probably urged on by the Deceiver himself). In 2 Cor 4:4 Paul described men like these plotters "in whose case the god of this world has blinded the minds of the unbelieving so that they might not see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God." These foolish Jews actually thought they would be pleasing God by getting rid of Paul. The words of Paul to Titus would describe these men: They profess to know God, but by their deeds they deny Him, being detestable and disobedient and worthless for any good deed. (Titus 1:16+) As MacArthur says "The plotters were dupes of Satan, willing to be used to stifle the saving gospel by killing the most effective Christian preacher." (Ibid) Andrews - They came together for a cause—they had a purpose for their meeting—they were united in their cause! They were dead serious about their endeavor—but they were also dead wrong. Just because you are passionate about something doesn’t mean that you are right! Just because you have people on your side and think the way you think does not mean your cause is right in the sight of God! They not only banded together, but they also bound themselves together with an oath!(Ibid) TDNT says ""they accursed themselves," or "wished for themselves the curse of God," or "declared their lives forfeit," if they did not."
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MacArthur adds "That the centurion immediately did what Paul asked shows the respect the apostle's Roman citizenship commanded." (Ibid) Play Twila Paris' great song God is in Control. Jack Andrews - Paul was wise enough to go through the proper channels—he didn’t tells the centurions what his nephew told him, but he told the centurion to take his nephew to the commander so that he could tell him personally! God was working out every detail so that His servant would go safely to Rome. He would thwart the plans of men to accomplish the plans of God! (Ibid) Jack Arnold - Notice how cooperative this centurion was when Paul made this request, for God had him prepared to do so although he was acting freely. This is such a small but crucial turning point in the carrying out of God’s providential will for Paul. When in Romania several years ago, Dr. Josif Ton, the leader of the Christian movement in that communist country, told an interesting story. He had been interrogated by the communists for weeks and weeks and felt he was about to break mentally under the pressure. Then suddenly they stopped all interrogation and let him go. Later he found out that an American businessman told the Romanian government that he was not going to sell his product to the Romanian government if they continued to persecute Christians in that country. Because the Romanians desperately need American technology and money so as not to be completely dominated by Russia which they hate, they immediately stopped the interrogations of Dr. Ton. A coincidence? I think not! Robertson on young man - How old the young man (neanias) was we do not know, but it is the very word used of Paul in Acts 7:58 when he helped in the killing of Stephen, a young man in the twenties probably. See also Acts 20:9 of Eutychus. He is termed neaniskos in Acts 23:22. Young man (3495)see note on neaniskos Acts 23:19 The commander took him by the hand and stepping aside, began to inquire of him privately, "What is it that you have to report to me?" KJV Acts 23:19 Then the chief captain took him by the hand, and went with him aside privately, and asked him, What is that thou hast to tell me? NET Acts 23:19 The commanding officer took him by the hand, withdrew privately, and asked, "What is it that you want to report to me?" GNT Acts 23:19 ἐπιλαβόμενος δὲ τῆς χειρὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ χιλίαρχος καὶ ἀναχωρήσας κατ᾽ ἰδίαν ἐπυνθάνετο, Τί ἐστιν ὃ ἔχεις ἀπαγγεῖλαί μοι; NLT Acts 23:19 The commander took his hand, led him aside, and asked, "What is it you want to tell me?" ESV Acts 23:19 The tribune took him by the hand, and going aside asked him privately, "What is it that you have to tell me?" CSB Acts 23:19 Then the commander took him by the hand, led him aside, and inquired privately, "What is it you have to report to me?" NIV Acts 23:19 The commander took the young man by the hand, drew him aside and asked, "What is it you want to tell me?" NAB Acts 23:19 The commander took him by the hand, drew him aside, and asked him privately, "What is it you have to report to me?" NKJ Acts 23:19 Then the commander took him by the hand, went aside and asked privately, "What is it that you have to tell me?" NJB Acts 23:19 Then the tribune took him by the hand and drew him aside and questioned him in private, 'What is it you have to tell me?' GWN Acts 23:19 The officer took the young man by the arm, went where they could be alone, and asked him, "What do you have to tell me?" NRS Acts 23:19 The tribune took him by the hand, drew him aside privately, and asked, "What is it that you have to report to me?" YLT Acts 23:19 And the chief captain having taken him by the hand, and having withdrawn by themselves, inquired, 'What is that which thou hast to tell me?' The commander took him by the hand Jer 31:32; Mark 8:23; 9:27 What is it that you have to report to me Nehemiah 2:4; Esther 5:3; 7:2; 9:12; Mark 10:51 Video of Plot to Kill Paul Acts 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries A PRIVATE INQUIRY The commander took him by the hand - This could suggest he was relatively young, but we cannot be dogmatic. Clearly he was old enough to relate a believable story. Howard Marshall pointed out, “The fact that the tribune took the boy by the hand has also been the subject of scholarly sarcasm: ‘Never was a tribune so amiable,’ said (one commentator). But the impression we get is rather that the lad was quite young, and the tribune’s action is appropriate. The ancient world would not have seen any incompatibility between his ordering Paul to be scourged and his kindly treatment of the boy.” And stepping aside, began to inquire of him privately what is it that you have to report to me - The Roman commander was prepared to hear this story, presumably prepared by God. Andrews - He tells the commander who (the Jews), what (agreed to ask for Paul), when (tomorrow), and why (as though they were going to inquire more fully about him).(Ibid) Acts 23:20 And he said, "The Jews have agreed to ask you to bring Paul down tomorrow to the Council, as though they were going to inquire somewhat more thoroughly about him. KJV Acts 23:20 And he said, The Jews have agreed to desire thee that thou wouldest bring down Paul to morrow into the council, as though they would enquire somewhat of him more perfectly. NET Acts 23:20 He replied, "The Jews have agreed to ask you to bring Paul down to the council tomorrow, as if they were going to inquire more thoroughly about him. GNT Acts 23:20 εἶπεν δὲ ὅτι Οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι συνέθεντο τοῦ ἐρωτῆσαί σε ὅπως αὔριον τὸν Παῦλον καταγάγῃς εἰς τὸ συνέδριον ὡς μέλλον τι ἀκριβέστερον πυνθάνεσθαι περὶ αὐτοῦ. NLT Acts 23:20 Paul's nephew told him, "Some Jews are going to ask you to bring Paul before the high council tomorrow, pretending they want to get some more information. ESV Acts 23:20 And he said, "The Jews have agreed to ask you to bring Paul down to the council tomorrow, as though they were going to inquire somewhat more closely about him. CSB Acts 23:20 "The Jews," he said, "have agreed to ask you to bring Paul down to the Sanhedrin tomorrow, as though they are going to hold a somewhat more careful inquiry about him. NIV Acts 23:20 He said: "The Jews have agreed to ask you to bring Paul before the Sanhedrin tomorrow on the pretext of wanting more accurate information about him. NAB Acts 23:20 He replied, "The Jews have conspired to ask you to bring Paul down to the Sanhedrin tomor row, as though they meant to inquire about him more thoroughly, NKJ Acts 23:20 And he said, "The Jews have agreed to ask that you bring Paul down to the council tomorrow, as though they were going to inquire more fully about him. NJB Acts 23:20 He replied, 'The Jews have made a plan to ask you to take Paul down to the Sanhedrin tomorrow, as though they meant to enquire more closely into his case. GWN Acts 23:20 The young man answered, "The Jews have planned to ask you to bring Paul to the Jewish council tomorrow. They're going to make it look as though they want more accurate information about him. NRS Acts 23:20 He answered, "The Jews have agreed to ask you to bring Paul down to the council tomorrow, as though they were going to inquire more thoroughly into his case. YLT Acts 23:20 and he said -- 'The Jews agreed to request thee, that to-morrow to the sanhedrim thou mayest bring down Paul, as being about to enquire something more exactly concerning him; The Jews Acts 23:15; Ps 12:2; Daniel 6:5-12 Video of Plot to Kill Paul Acts 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries PAUL'S NEPHEW SPELLS OUT DETAILS OF PLOT The Jews have agreed to ask (erotao - making a request of) you to bring Paul down tomorrow to the Council (sunedrion - Sanhedrin) as though they were going to inquire somewhat more thoroughly (akribos - accurately, exactly) about him - "Paul's nephew told him, "Some Jews are going to ask you to bring Paul before the high council tomorrow, pretending they want to get some more information." (NLT)
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MacArthur - If the conspirators realized their plot had been uncovered, they would undoubtedly have abandoned it and formulated another. And if that one were not discovered, Lysias reasoned, Paul might be killed. Further, if the Jews did not know that he knew of the plot, they could not question his motives for sending Paul to Caesarea. (Ibid)
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MacArthur notes that Claudius Lysias "gives a reasonably accurate summary of the events leading to his decision to send Paul to Caesarea. Lysias did embellish things to put himself in the best possible light; contrary to what he wrote, he did not discover Paul's Roman citizenship until after he rescued him. And he conveniently failed to mention his order to have Paul scourged and his erroneous assumption that he was the famed Egyptian troublemaker." (MacArthur New Testament Commentary – Acts) Acts 23:28 "And wanting to ascertain the charge for which they were accusing him, I brought him down to their Council; KJV Acts 23:28 And when I would have known the cause wherefore they accused him, I brought him forth into their council: NET Acts 23:28 Since I wanted to know what charge they were accusing him of, I brought him down to their council. GNT Acts 23:28 βουλόμενός τε ἐπιγνῶναι τὴν αἰτίαν δι᾽ ἣν ἐνεκάλουν αὐτῷ, κατήγαγον εἰς τὸ συνέδριον αὐτῶν NLT Acts 23:28 Then I took him to their high council to try to learn the basis of the accusations against him. ESV Acts 23:28 And desiring to know the charge for which they were accusing him, I brought him down to their council. CSB Acts 23:28 Wanting to know the charge they were accusing him of, I brought him down before their Sanhedrin. NIV Acts 23:28 I wanted to know why they were accusing him, so I brought him to their Sanhedrin. NAB Acts 23:28 I wanted to learn the reason for their accusations against him so I brought him down to their Sanhedrin. NKJ Acts 23:28 And when I wanted to know the reason they accused him, I brought him before their council. NJB Acts 23:28 Wanting to find out what charge they were making against him, I brought him before their Sanhedrin. GWN Acts 23:28 I wanted to know what they had against him. So I took him to their Jewish council NRS Acts 23:28 Since I wanted to know the charge for which they accused him, I had him brought to their council. YLT Acts 23:28 and, intending to know the cause for which they were accusing him, I brought him down to their sanhedrim, Video of Paul's transfer to Caesarea Acts 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries SEEKING TO DISCOVER THE ACCUSATION AGAINST PAUL And wanting (boulomai) to ascertain the charge for which they were accusing him, I brought him down to their Council (sunedrion) - Accusing is imperfect tense indicating the Jews were accusing Paul over and over, again and again, which was certainly factual! NLT " Then I took him to their high council to try to learn the basis of the accusations against him." Ascertain (know, understand) (1921)(epiginosko from epí intensify force of + ginosko = to know) means to know fully or with certainty, to become thoroughly acquainted with. Epiginosko means to possess more or less definite information about an issue, something the commander never fully realized in Paul's case. Accusing (1458)(egkaleo from en = in + kaleo = to call) means to call in, to summon. It was a legal technical term meaning to bring charges against, institute proceedings against someone. Gilbrant - This word developed quite early as a legal technical term meaning “to bring charges against, prosecute.” This sense is clearly exemplified in the papyri, along with an extended sense, to “make an appeal.” For instance, at the point of satisfying a loan by making the last payment, the creditor would write, “ . . . (I) make no further claim (enkaleō).” In both cases the word has to do with taking legal action. The Septuagint usage of this word sheds light on how it is used in the New Testament. In Proverbs 19:5, a false witness is “one who presses (legal) charges deceitfully.” (See also Zechariah 1:4, “to whom the prophets made an appeal.”) The New Testament sometimes uses enkaleō in Acts where it has the full legal sense of “press charges,” especially in connection with Paul’s defense of the gospel. The Jews, of course, were the “prosecutors” and the Roman tribunal was the court (Acts 23:28,29; 26:2,7). But Paul also suffered the threat of prosecution at the hands of the Ephesian pagans (Acts 19:38,40). There is, however, one grand exception to all this overt “legal” language, but it is not without the general meaning given above. Romans 8:33 describes the scene of a heavenly court, before which no prosecutor can stand to speak against the believer. (Complete Biblical Library Greek-English Dictionary) Egkaleo - 7x - accused(4), accusing(1), bring a charge(1), bring charges against(1). Acts 19:38; Acts 19:40; Acts 23:28; Acts 23:29; Acts 26:2; Acts 26:7; Rom. 8:33 Brought...down (2609) see note on katago Acts 23:29 and I found him to be accused over questions about their Law, but under no accusation deserving death or imprisonment. KJV Acts 23:29 Whom I perceived to be accused of questions of their law, but to have nothing laid to his charge worthy of death or of bonds. NET Acts 23:29 I found he was accused with reference to controversial questions about their law, but no charge against him deserved death or imprisonment. GNT Acts 23:29 ὃν εὗρον ἐγκαλούμενον περὶ ζητημάτων τοῦ νόμου αὐτῶν, μηδὲν δὲ ἄξιον θανάτου ἢ δεσμῶν ἔχοντα ἔγκλημα. NLT Acts 23:29 I soon discovered the charge was something regarding their religious law-- certainly nothing worthy of imprisonment or death. KJV Acts 23:29 Whom I perceived to be accused of questions of their law, but to have nothing laid to his charge worthy of death or of bonds. ESV Acts 23:29 I found that he was being accused about questions of their law, but charged with nothing deserving death or imprisonment. CSB Acts 23:29 I found out that the accusations were about disputed matters in their law, and that there was no charge that merited death or chains. NIV Acts 23:29 I found that the accusation had to do with questions about their law, but there was no charge against him that deserved death or imprisonment. NAB Acts 23:29 I discovered that he was accused in matters of controversial questions of their law and not of any charge deserving death or imprisonment. NKJ Acts 23:29 I found out that he was accused concerning questions of their law, but had nothing charged against him deserving of death or chains. NJB Acts 23:29 I found that the accusation concerned disputed points of their Law, but that there was no charge deserving death or imprisonment. GWN Acts 23:29 and found their accusations had to do with disputes about Jewish teachings. He wasn't accused of anything for which he deserved to die or to be put into prison. NRS Acts 23:29 I found that he was accused concerning questions of their law, but was charged with nothing deserving death or imprisonment. YLT Acts 23:29 whom I found accused concerning questions of their law, and having no accusation worthy of death or bonds; accused over questions about their Law Acts 23:6-9; 18:15; 24:5,6,10-21; 25:19,20 but under no accusation deserving death Acts 25:7,8,11,25; 26:31 Video of Paul's transfer to Caesarea Acts 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries CLAUDIUS LYSIAS SAYS "IT'S A JEWISH THING" And I found him to be accused over questions about their Law, but under no accusation deserving death or imprisonment - Literally, "having no accusation (or crime) worthy of death or of bonds." As one reads Luke's account it becomes apparent that every Roman magistrate before whom Paul was brought declared him innocent of any crime.
Atos 23
MacArthur notes that "Antipatris marked the border between Judea and the largely Gentile region of Samaria. The danger of ambush was now greatly reduced, and the cavalry escort would suffice to see Paul safely to Caesarea." (Ibid)
Atos 23
MacArthur- God's providential protection of His servant demonstrates His faithfulness. Based in part on his own experiences, Paul could declare to the Corinthians that "God is faithful" (1 Cor. 1:9; cf. 10:13; 2 Cor. 1:18; 2 Thess. 3:3). The first step in that direction occurred the day after God's promise to bring Paul to Rome. He also showed His care for Paul by sovereignly providing a safe and comfortable trip to Caesarea and providing the best of accommodations when he arrived there. Paul experienced the truth expressed by Peter: "Casting all your anxiety upon Him, because He cares for you" (1 Pet. 5:7). (MacArthur New Testament Commentary – Acts)