2 Samuel 7
John MacArthur · Citado em PreceptAustin
2 Samuel 7
MacArthur - As a human father disciplines his sons, so the Lord would discipline David's descendants, if they committed iniquity. This has reference to the intermediary seed until Messiah's arrival (any king of David's line from Solomon on). However, the ultimate Seed of David will not be a sinner like David and his descendants were, as recorded in Samuel and Kings (cf 1Pe 2:21, 2Co 5:21). Significantly, Chronicles, focusing more directly on the Messiah, does not include this statement in its record of Nathan's words (1Ch 17:13). Pulpit Commentary - The rod of men; that is, such punishment as men fitly receive for their faults. David's natural posterity was to be exempt neither from human depravity, nor from punishment, nor from the changes and chances of mortal life. With them, as with men generally, there would be a tangled skein, of virtue and sin, of folly and wisdom, of terrible fall and penitent recovery. But there was to be no blotting out of David's lineage. Great earthly houses, in the long course of events, one after another become extinct, and even the tabernacle of David was to fall (Amos 9:11), but not forever. God would "raise up its ruins' in Christ, and "build it as in the days of old." So in Isaiah 9:1 there is the same thought of the complete down-hewing of David's earthly lineage, yet only to rise again to nobler life and vigour, in the Branch, or Sucker, that was to spring from the fallen trunk. 2 Samuel 7:15 but My lovingkindness shall not depart from him, as I took it away from Saul, whom I removed from before you. BGT 2 Samuel 7:15 τὸ δὲ ἔλεός μου οὐκ ἀποστήσω ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ καθὼς ἀπέστησα ἀφ᾽ ὧν ἀπέστησα ἐκ προσώπου μου LXE 2 Samuel 7:15 But my mercy I will not take from him, as I took it from those whom I removed from my presence. KJV 2 Samuel 7:15 But my mercy shall not depart away from him, as I took it from Saul, whom I put away before thee. NET 2 Samuel 7:15 But my loyal love will not be removed from him as I removed it from Saul, whom I removed from before you. CSB 2 Samuel 7:15 But My faithful love will never leave him as I removed it from Saul; I removed him from your way. ESV 2 Samuel 7:15 but my steadfast love will not depart from him, as I took it from Saul, whom I put away from before you. NIV 2 Samuel 7:15 But my love will never be taken away from him, as I took it away from Saul, whom I removed from before you. NLT 2 Samuel 7:15 But my favor will not be taken from him as I took it from Saul, whom I removed from your sight. NRS 2 Samuel 7:15 But I will not take my steadfast love from him, as I took it from Saul, whom I put away from before you. NJB 2 Samuel 7:15 But my faithful love will never be withdrawn from him as I withdrew it from Saul, whom I removed from before you. NAB 2 Samuel 7:15 but I will not withdraw my favor from him as I withdrew it from your predecessor Saul, whom I removed from my presence. YLT 2 Samuel 7:15 and My kindness doth not turn aside from him, as I turned it aside from Saul, whom I turned aside from before thee, But my: 2Sa 7:14,16 1Sa 19:24 Ps 89:28,34 Isa 55:3 Ac 13:34-37 as I took: 1Sa 15:23,28 16:14 1Ki 11:13,34-36 Isa 9:7 37:35 GOD PROMISES HIS HESED IS FOREVER but - What is the contrast? God has just stated he would discipline David and his descendants when they sinned, so one might begin to think that this would result in withdrawal of His covenant promises. God says "but..." My lovingkindness (hesed; Lxx - eleos) shall not depart (sur; Lxx - aphistemi) from him, as I took it away (sur; Lxx - aphistemi) from Saul, whom I removed (sur; Lxx - aphistemi) from before you - There is no parallel passage on this verse in 1 Chronicles 17, remembering that one of the goals of First Chronicles is to encourage the exiles returning from Babylon. This passage states that David and descendants may (will) sin but their sin will not exceed God's mercy. Lovingkindness is a word closely related to covenant and expresses both God’s loyalty to His covenant, His steadfast love for His people and His faithfulness to keep His covenant promises. Three times the same verb depart (sur; Lxx - aphistemi) is used to describe Saul's spiritual condition - (1) 1Sa 16:14+ "Now the Spirit of the LORD departed (sur; Lxx - aphistemi) from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD terrorized him." (2) 1Sa 18:12+ says "Saul was afraid of David, for the LORD was with him but had departed (sur) from Saul." (3) In 1Sa 28:15+ Saul himself acknowledges that "God has departed (sur; Lxx - aphistemi) from me and no longer answers me." Lovingkindness (02617) hesed/chesed/heced is the idea of faithful love in action and often in the OT refers to God's lovingkindness expressed in His covenant relationship with Israel (His "loyal love" to His "Wife" Israel [cp Hos 2:18, 19, 20-see note, Is 54:5, Je 31:32] = His "loyalty to covenant"). God's hesed His denotes persistent and unconditional tenderness, kindness, and mercy, a relationship in which He seeks after man with love and mercy (cp God immediately seeking man Ge 3:9, who was immediately hiding Ge 3:8 trying to cover their shame Ge 3:7 - contrast God's lovingkindness manifest by spilling blood to provide skins to cover their shame! Ge 3:21). In general, one may identify three basic meanings of hesed, and these 3 meanings always interact -- strength, steadfastness, and love. Any understanding of hesed that fails to suggest all three inevitably loses some of its richness. Love by itself easily becomes sentimentalized or universalized apart from the covenant. Yet strength or steadfastness suggests only the fulfillment of a legal (or similar) obligation. Hesed refers primarily to mutual and reciprocal rights and obligations between the parties of a relationship (especially Jehovah and Israel). But hesed is not only a matter of obligation but is also of generosity. It is not only a matter of loyalty, but also of mercy. Hesed implies personal involvement and commitment in a relationship beyond the rule of law. 2 Samuel 7:16 "Your house and your kingdom shall endure before Me forever; your throne shall be established forever."' " 2Sa 7:13 Ge 49:10 2Ki 19:34 1Ch 17:13,14 Ps 45:6 Ps 72:5,17-19 Ps 89:36,37 Isa 9:7 Da 2:44 7:14 Mt 16:18 Lu 1:32-33 Joh 12:34 Heb 1:8 Rev 11:15 Related Passage: 1 Chronicles 17:14 "But I will settle him in My house and in My kingdom forever, and his throne shall be established forever."' " DAVID'S HOUSE & THRONE WILL BE FOREVER Your house and your kingdom shall endure before Me forever; your throne shall be established forever - Note that beginning in 2Sa 7:9 there are 17 "will" or "shall" statements by God all indicating prophetic promises. Clearly these two uses of forever indicate that this is future prophecy which will be consummated in the Kingdom of the Son of David, Christ Jesus, which will endure forever and ever. Amen. Luke sums up this prophecy writing "He (SON OF DAVID - MESSIAH) will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High; and the Lord God will give Him the throne of His father David; and He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and His kingdom will have no end.”(Lu 1:32-33+) 2 Samuel 7:17 In accordance with all these words and all this vision, so Nathan spoke to David. 1Ch 17:15 Ac 20:20,27 1Co 15:3 Related Passage: 1 Chronicles 17:15 According to all these words and according to all this vision, so Nathan spoke to David. NATHAN'S PROPHECY COMPLETED TO DAVID In accordance with all these words and all this vision, so Nathan spoke to David - The prophet got it right the second time, for the first was his reason (2Sa 7:3) and the second was God's revelation! 2 Samuel 7:18 Then David the king went in and sat before the LORD, and he said, "Who am I, O Lord GOD, and what is my house, that You have brought me this far? BGT 2 Samuel 7:18 καὶ εἰσῆλθεν ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυιδ καὶ ἐκάθισεν ἐνώπιον κυρίου καὶ εἶπεν τίς εἰμι ἐγώ κύριέ μου κύριε καὶ τίς ὁ οἶκός μου ὅτι ἠγάπηκάς με ἕως τούτων LXE 2 Samuel 7:18 And king David came in, and sat before the Lord, and said, Who am I, O Lord, my Lord, and what is my house, that thou hast loved me hitherto? KJV 2 Samuel 7:18 Then went king David in, and sat before the LORD, and he said, Who am I, O Lord GOD? and what is my house, that thou hast brought me hitherto? NET 2 Samuel 7:18 King David went in, sat before the LORD, and said, "Who am I, O LORD God, and what is my family, that you should have brought me to this point? CSB 2 Samuel 7:18 Then King David went in, sat in the LORD's presence, and said, Who am I, Lord GOD, and what is my house that You have brought me this far? ESV 2 Samuel 7:18 Then King David went in and sat before the LORD and said, "Who am I, O Lord GOD, and what is my house, that you have brought me thus far? NIV 2 Samuel 7:18 Then King David went in and sat before the LORD, and he said: "Who am I, O Sovereign LORD, and what is my family, that you have brought me this far? NLT 2 Samuel 7:18 Then King David went in and sat before the LORD and prayed, "Who am I, O Sovereign LORD, and what is my family, that you have brought me this far? sat: 1Ch 17:16 Isa 37:14 Who am I: Ge 32:10 Ex 3:11 Jdg 6:15 1Sa 9:21 15:17 18:18 Ps 8:4 Eph 3:8 Related Passage: 1 Chronicles 7:16 Then David the king went in and sat before the LORD and said, “Who am I, O LORD God, and what is my house that You have brought me this far? DAVID SITS BEFORE THE LORD GOD Then David the king went in and sat before the LORD, and he said, "Who am I, O Lord GOD, and what is my house, that You have brought me this far - Keep context in mind - David's dream of building a house for the LORD is taken away, but when God explains how He will build a house for David, David does not even remember to bring it up again in this prayer! The fact that David went in indicates that this was somewhere in the new tent he had made for the Ark. It is interesting that no priest ever "sat" in the inner shrine. This is like a "face to face" discussion, but is essentially a monologue as David speaks from v18-29 and God just patiently listens to him. In 2 Sa 7:27 David calls this "monologue" a prayer. The parallel is in 1 Chr. 17:16-27. This is a good question. Why was God so good to him? David is amazed at God's grace shown to him in bringing him this far! THOUGHT - Amazement at God's totally undeserved grace in each of our lives is a good attitude for all God's children to express to our Father! He has saved us, is daily saving us (progressive sanctification) and given us the sure hope that He will save us in the future when we "be like" His Son (1Jn 3:2+). (See Three Tenses of Salvation) Ryrie - 1Sa 7:18-29 David's prayer exemplifies the proper response of a believer to God's revealed will. Rather than mourn the loss of the privilege of building the Temple, David rejoiced in the promise of future blessing and acknowledged God's sovereignty. (Borrow Ryrie Study Bible) 2 Samuel 7:19 "And yet this was insignificant in Your eyes, O Lord GOD, for You have spoken also of the house of Your servant concerning the distant future. And this is the custom of man, O Lord GOD. BGT 2 Samuel 7:19 καὶ κατεσμικρύνθη μικρὸν ἐνώπιόν σου κύριέ μου κύριε καὶ ἐλάλησας ὑπὲρ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ δούλου σου εἰς μακράν οὗτος δὲ ὁ νόμος τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κύριέ μου κύριε LXE 2 Samuel 7:19 Whereas I was very little before thee, O Lord, my Lord, yet thou spokest concerning the house of thy servant for a long time to to come. And is this the law of man, O Lord, my Lord? KJV 2 Samuel 7:19 And this was yet a small thing in thy sight, O Lord GOD; but thou hast spoken also of thy servant's house for a great while to come. And is this the manner of man, O Lord GOD? NET 2 Samuel 7:19 And you didn't stop there, O LORD God! You have also spoken about the future of your servant's family. Is this your usual way of dealing with men, O LORD God? CSB 2 Samuel 7:19 What You have done so far was a little thing to You, Lord GOD, for You have also spoken about Your servant's house in the distant future. And this is a revelation for mankind, Lord GOD. ESV 2 Samuel 7:19 And yet this was a small thing in your eyes, O Lord GOD. You have spoken also of your servant's house for a great while to come, and this is instruction for mankind, O Lord GOD! NIV 2 Samuel 7:19 And as if this were not enough in your sight, O Sovereign LORD, you have also spoken about the future of the house of your servant. Is this your usual way of dealing with man, O Sovereign LORD? NLT 2 Samuel 7:19 And now, Sovereign LORD, in addition to everything else, you speak of giving your servant a lasting dynasty! Do you deal with everyone this way, O Sovereign LORD? And this: 2Sa 12:8 Nu 16:9,13 but thou: 2Sa 7:11-16 1Ch 17:17 And this: Ps 36:7 Isa 55:8,9 Eph 2:7 3:19,20 Related Passage: 1 Chronicles 17:17 “This was a small thing in Your eyes, O God; but You have spoken of Your servant’s house for a great while to come, and have regarded me according to the standard of a man of high degree, O LORD God. Ephesians 3:20 Now to Him who is able to do far more abundantly beyond all that we ask or think, according to the power that works within us, DAVID EXPRESSES WONDER AT PRESENT & FUTURE PROMISES And yet this was insignificant in Your eyes, O Lord GOD - What is this to which David refers? He has just referred to how far the LORD had brought him and his family (2Sa 7:18). The ESV says "And yet this was a small thing in your eyes." The NIV has "And as if this were not enough in your sight, O Sovereign LORD." David seems to be overwhelmed that God Who had already done so much for him, would now condescend to reveal to him what he would do to and through him in the future. As Blaikie says "David expresses wonder at the past, at God’s selecting one obscure in family and obscure in person; he wonders at the present: How is it Thou hast brought me thus far? and still more he wonders at the future, the provision made for the stability of his house in all time coming." for You have spoken also of the house of Your servant concerning the distant future. NLT = "And now, Sovereign LORD, in addition to everything else, you speak of giving me a lasting dynasty!" David clearly recognized that much of what God had spoken in 2Sa 7:5-16 were promises that would be fulfilled in the future (cf "when your days are complete" - 2Sa 7:12). And this is the custom of man, O Lord GOD - Some see this as a question - NET = "Is this your usual way of dealing with men, O LORD God?" Other versions see it as a declaration - ESV = "this is instruction for mankind, O Lord GOD!" NET Note - Heb "and this [is] the law of man"; KJV "is this the manner of man, O Lord God?"; NAB "this too you have shown to man"; NRSV "May this be instruction for the people, O Lord God!" This part of the verse is very enigmatic; no completely satisfying solution has yet been suggested. The present translation tries to make sense of the Masoretic Text by understanding the phrase as a question that underscores the uniqueness of God's dealings with David as described here. The parallel passage in 1 Chr 17:17 reads differently (see the note there).
2 Samuel 7
MacArthur - David’s prayer indicated that he fully accepted by faith the extraordinary, irrevocable promises God made to David as king and to Israel as a nation. 2 Samuel 7:29 "Now therefore, may it please You to bless the house of Your servant, that it may continue forever before You. For You, O Lord GOD, have spoken; and with Your blessing may the house of Your servant be blessed forever." BGT 2 Samuel 7:29 καὶ νῦν ἄρξαι καὶ εὐλόγησον τὸν οἶκον τοῦ δούλου σου τοῦ εἶναι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ἐνώπιόν σου ὅτι σὺ εἶ κύριέ μου κύριε ἐλάλησας καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς εὐλογίας σου εὐλογηθήσεται ὁ οἶκος τοῦ δούλου σου εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα LXE 2 Samuel 7:29 And now begin and bless the house of thy servant, that it may continue for ever before thee; for thou, O Lord, my Lord, hast spoken, and the house of thy servant shall be blessed with thy blessing so as to continue for ever. KJV 2 Samuel 7:29 Therefore now let it please thee to bless the house of thy servant, that it may continue for ever before thee: for thou, O Lord GOD, hast spoken it: and with thy blessing let the house of thy servant be blessed for ever. NET 2 Samuel 7:29 Now be willing to bless your servant's dynasty so that it may stand permanently before you, for you, O sovereign LORD, have spoken. By your blessing may your servant's dynasty be blessed on into the future!" CSB 2 Samuel 7:29 Now, please bless Your servant's house so that it will continue before You forever. For You, Lord GOD, have spoken, and with Your blessing Your servant's house will be blessed forever. ESV 2 Samuel 7:29 Now therefore may it please you to bless the house of your servant, so that it may continue forever before you. For you, O Lord GOD, have spoken, and with your blessing shall the house of your servant be blessed forever." NIV 2 Samuel 7:29 Now be pleased to bless the house of your servant, that it may continue forever in your sight; for you, O Sovereign LORD, have spoken, and with your blessing the house of your servant will be blessed forever." NLT 2 Samuel 7:29 And now, may it please you to bless the house of your servant, so that it may continue forever before you. For you have spoken, and when you grant a blessing to your servant, O Sovereign LORD, it is an eternal blessing!" NRS 2 Samuel 7:29 now therefore may it please you to bless the house of your servant, so that it may continue forever before you; for you, O Lord GOD, have spoken, and with your blessing shall the house of your servant be blessed forever." NJB 2 Samuel 7:29 What is more, you have deigned to bless your servant's dynasty, so that it may remain for ever before you; for you, Lord Yahweh, have spoken; and may your servant's dynasty be blessed with your blessing for ever.' NAB 2 Samuel 7:29 Do, then, bless the house of your servant that it may be before you forever; for you, Lord GOD, have promised, and by your blessing the house of your servant shall be blessed forever." YLT 2 Samuel 7:29 And now, begin and bless the house of Thy servant, to be unto the age before Thee, for Thou, Lord Jehovah, hast spoken, and by Thy blessing is the house of Thy servant blessed -- to the age.' GWN 2 Samuel 7:29 Now, please bless my house so that it may continue in your presence forever. Indeed, you, Almighty LORD, have promised it. With your blessing my house will be blessed forever." BBE 2 Samuel 7:29 So may it be your pleasure to give your blessing to the family of your servant, so that it may go on for ever before you: (for you, O Lord God, have said it,) and may your blessing be on your servant's family line for ever! may it please You to bless the house of Your servant Nu 6:24-26 1Ch 17:27 Ps 115:12-15 forever: 2Sa 22:51 Related Passage: 1 Chronicles 17:27 "And now it has pleased You to bless the house of Your servant, that it may continue forever before You; for You, O LORD, have blessed, and it is blessed forever." 2 Samuel 22:51 “He is a tower of deliverance to His king, And shows lovingkindness to His anointed, To David and his descendants forever.” DAVID'S PRAYER TO BLESS HIS HOUSE FOREVER. AMEN Now therefore, may it please You to bless the house of Your servant, that it may continue forever before You. For You, O Lord GOD, have spoken; and with Your blessing may the house of Your servant be blessed forever - David prays again for blessing on the house of David. Beginning in verse 13 in the context of the Davidic covenant and David's praise for this covenant, the word FOREVER is a keyword occuring 8x in 6 verses - 2Sa 7:13 2Sa 7:16 2Sa 7:24 2Sa 7:25 2Sa 7:26 2Sa 7:29