2 Samuel 14
John MacArthur · Citado em PreceptAustin
2 Samuel 14
MacArthur - The story the woman told involved one brother killing another (v. 6). If the death penalty for murder was invoked (cf. Ex 21:12; Lv 24:17), there would be no living heir in the family, leaving that family with no future, a situation the law sought to avoid (Dt 25:5-10). This would extinguish the last "coal" of hope for a future for her line. Cf. 21:17; Ps 132:17, where the lamp refers to posterity. 2 Samuel 14:8 Then the king said to the woman, "Go to your house, and I will give orders concerning you." I will give: 2Sa 12:5,6 16:4 Job 29:16 Pr 18:13 Isa 11:3,4 KING RESPONDS BUT IMPLIES DELAY Then the king said to the woman, "Go to your house, and I will give orders concerning you - David has immediately gotten involved in the situation and commands the woman to go back to Tekoa and he will issue an order on her behalf that will protect her only remaining son. The persistent woman expressed her willingness to bear any guilt in place of the king. In other words she would take any blame that might arise from sparing her son from the death penalty. 2 Samuel 14:9 The woman of Tekoa said to the king, "O my lord, the king, the iniquity is on me and my father's house, but the king and his throne are guiltless." NET 2 Samuel 14:9 The Tekoan woman said to the king, "My lord the king, let any blame fall on me and on the house of my father. But let the king and his throne be innocent!" CSB 2 Samuel 14:9 Then the woman of Tekoa said to the king, "My lord the king, may any blame be on me and my father's house, and may the king and his throne be innocent." ESV 2 Samuel 14:9 And the woman of Tekoa said to the king, "On me be the guilt, my lord the king, and on my father's house; let the king and his throne be guiltless." NIV 2 Samuel 14:9 But the woman from Tekoa said to him, "My lord the king, let the blame rest on me and on my father's family, and let the king and his throne be without guilt." NLT 2 Samuel 14:9 "Oh, thank you, my lord the king," the woman from Tekoa replied. "If you are criticized for helping me, let the blame fall on me and on my father's house, and let the king and his throne be innocent." iniquity: Ge 27:13 1Sa 25:24 Mt 27:25 the king: 2Sa 3:28,29 Nu 35:33 De 21:1-9 1Ki 2:33 WOMAN WILLING TO ACCEPT GUILT The woman of Tekoa said to the king, "O my lord, the king, the iniquity is on me and my father's house, but the king and his throne are guiltless - NLT = "If you are criticized for helping me, let the blame fall on me and on my father's house, and let the king and his throne be innocent." Her words suggested she had put David in a difficult position to let a murderer go free. Therefore she asked that blame rest on her and her house. Delitzsch points out, “The meaning of the words is this, if there should be anything wrong in the fact that Pulpit Commentary - The king had given a general promise to help the widow, but she wants to lead him on to a definite assurance that her son shall be pardoned. Less than this would not help Absalom's case. Instead, therefore, of withdrawing, she represents herself as dissatisfied, and pleads for full forgiveness; and as this would be a violation of the letter of the Levitical Law, in order to remove David's supposed scruples, she takes upon herself the penalty. 2 Samuel 14:10 So the king said, "Whoever speaks to you, bring him to me, and he will not touch you anymore." DAVID RESPONDS TO WOMAN'S PLEA So - For this reason. Because of the wise woman's ploy and pleas of willingness to accept guilt, the king responds now, not later. the king said, "Whoever speaks to you, bring him to me, and he will not touch you anymore - David promised to protect the woman, telling her to bring her persecutors before him for judgment. David says, “If you are any accusations of injustice that are made or any things that are perpetrated against you by anyone, bring that person to me and he will not bother you again.” 2 Samuel 14:11 Then she said, "Please let the king remember the LORD your God, so that the avenger of blood will not continue to destroy, otherwise they will destroy my son." And he said, "As the LORD lives, not one hair of your son shall fall to the ground." let the king: Ge 14:22 24:2,3 31:50 1Sa 20:42 avenger of blood Num. 35:11-12. the revengers: Nu 35:19,27 De 19:4-10 Jos 20:3-6 As the Lord: 1Sa 14:45 28:10 Jer 4:2 not one hair: 1Ki 1:52 Mt 10:30 Ac 27:34 Related Passages: Numbers 35:11-12 then you shall select for yourselves cities to be your cities of refuge, that the manslayer who has killed any person unintentionally may flee there. 12 ‘The cities shall be to you as a refuge from the avenger (AVENGER OF BLOOD), so that the manslayer will not die until he stands before the congregation for trial. SHE ASKS FOR OATH FROM DAVID Then she said, "Please let the king remember the LORD your God, so that the avenger of blood will not continue to destroy, otherwise they will destroy my son." - NET - "let the king invoke the name of the LORD your God" CSB = "Please, may the king invoke the LORD your God" NLT - "Please swear to me by the LORD your God that you won't let anyone take vengeance against my son. I want no more bloodshed." She now makes a plea that the king invoke the Lord his God to prevent the avenger of blood from adding to the destruction so that her son will be protected and not destroyed The wise woman wanted an oath to seal the deal. The avenger of blood was the nearest relative of the deceased son who would seek to put to death the living son. She is pleading for her living son to be spared from the blood avenger and in essence is asking David to invoke God's Name in an oath, which would bind David to what he had said. And he said, "As the LORD lives, not one hair of your son shall fall to the ground - David has gotten deeply and emotionally involved in this situation and now makes a commitment by an oath to the woman. In short, David capitulates, responding to her request. No harm would come to her son. These were the words the woman wanted to hear. The king had believed her story of personal tragedy and potential loss of her remaining son at the hands of the blood avenger. Thus David binds himself with an oath that the woman's son will not be harmed by the avenger of blood. Alan Redpath - He guaranteed safety at the expense of justice, and immediately the farsighted woman captured him in her trap.” Avenger of blood - (Heb. goel, from verb gaal, "to be near of kin," "to redeem"), the nearest relative of a murdered person. It was his right and duty to slay the murderer (2 Sam. 14:7, 11) if he found him outside of a city of refuge. In order that this law might be guarded against abuse, Moses appointed six cities of refuge (Ex. 21:13; Num. 35:13; Deut. 19:1,9). These were in different parts of the country, and every facility was afforded the manslayer that he might flee to the city that lay nearest him for safety. Into the city of refuge the avenger durst not follow him. This arrangement applied only to cases where the death was not premeditated. The case had to be investigated by the authorities of the city, and the wilful murderer was on no account to be spared. He was regarded as an impure and polluted person, and was delivered up to the goel (Deut. 19:11-13). If the offence was merely manslaughter, then the fugitive must remain within the city till the death of the high priest (Num. 35:25). See Jesus Christ-Our Blood Avenger.
2 Samuel 14
MacArthur - Those who were seeking to kill the son of the woman were like the people David feared who resented what Absalom had done and would have stood against a pardon for him. 2 Samuel 14:17 "Then your maidservant said, 'Please let the word of my lord the king be comforting, for as the angel of God, so is my lord the king to discern good and evil. And may the LORD your God be with you.'" as an angel: " 2Sa 14:20 19:27 1Sa 29:9 Pr 27:21 29:5 to discern: Heb. to hear, 1Ki 3:9,28 Job 6:30 1Co 2:14,15 Heb 5:14 SHE FLATTERS THE KING Then your maidservant said, 'Please let the word of my lord the king be comforting - NLT - "May the word of my lord the king be my security." For as the angel of God, so is my lord the king to discern good and evil - She uses a bit of hyperbole comparing David to the angel of God, perhaps to curry favor. The New Jerusalem Bible capitalizes "angel" so that they interpret this phrase as equivalent to Angel of the LORD. Allusion to Angel of the LORD is unlikely. More to the point the king did serve in effect as God's messenger. So she is implying David's discernment does have some degree divine discernment. Perhaps she is flattering him (as a subtle means of manipulation), or perhaps she believes this is true. Either way, her "divine declaration" seems to have an effect on David for he becomes more clearly engaged in the next verse. Pulpit Commentary - David's mission is too high for him to be influenced either by good words or by evil, but having patiently heard both sides, and calmly thought over the reasons for and against, he will decide righteously. And may the LORD your God be with you - She blesses the king. Pulpit Commentary - By such words she hoped to propitiate the king, who now could not fail to see that the errand of the woman was personal to himself.