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John MacArthur · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Reis 20
MacArthur: Though several towns in Israel bore the name Aphek, he one mentioned here probably lay about 3 mi. E of the Sea of Galilee, N of the Yarmuk River. (See The MacArthur Study Bible) Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - Supposed to be the Aphek near the river Adonis, between Heliopolis and Biblos, and probably the same place that Paul Lucas mentions in his Voyage to the Levant. It was swallowed up by an earthquake, and formed a lake about nine miles in circumference, in which he says there were several houses still to be seen entire, under the water. 1 Kings 20:27 The sons of Israel were mustered and were provisioned and went to meet them; and the sons of Israel camped before them like two little flocks of goats, but the Arameans filled the country. NET 1 Kings 20:27 When the Israelites had mustered and had received their supplies, they marched out to face them in battle. When the Israelites deployed opposite them, they were like two small flocks of goats, but the Syrians filled the land. CSB 1 Kings 20:27 The Israelites mobilized, gathered supplies, and went to fight them. The Israelites camped in front of them like two little flocks of goats, while the Arameans filled the landscape. ESV 1 Kings 20:27 And the people of Israel were mustered and were provisioned and went against them. The people of Israel encamped before them like two little flocks of goats, but the Syrians filled the country. NIV 1 Kings 20:27 When the Israelites were also mustered and given provisions, they marched out to meet them. The Israelites camped opposite them like two small flocks of goats, while the Arameans covered the countryside. NLT 1 Kings 20:27 Israel then mustered its army, set up supply lines, and marched out for battle. But the Israelite army looked like two little flocks of goats in comparison to the vast Aramean forces that filled the countryside! The sons of Israel were mustered and were provisioned, Jos 1:11 Jdg 7:8 like two: De 32:30 Jdg 6:5 1Sa 13:5-8 14:2 2Ch 32:7,8 Ec 9:11 1 Kings 20 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries A Figurative Depiction of the Two Forces ISRAEL WAS SMALL BUT WAS MIGHTY WITH GOD The sons of Israel were mustered and were provisioned (had received their supplies) and went to meet them - CSB - "The Israelites mobilized, gathered supplies, and went to fight them." NLT - "Israel then mustered its army, set up supply lines, and marched out for battle." And the sons of Israel camped before them (Israelites deployed opposite them) like two little flocks of goats, but the Arameans filled the country - NLT = "But the Israelite army looked like two little flocks of goats in comparison to the vast Aramean forces that filled the countryside!" Our writer makes it very clear that the Israeli forces are massively outnumbered! Of course, we know that our God loves impossible situations for then He Alone can receive the glory! NET NOTE on two little flocks of goats - The noun translated “small flocks” occurs only here. The common interpretation derives the word from the verbal root חשׂף, “to strip off; to make bare.” In this case the noun refers to something “stripped off” or “made bare.” HALOT 359 s.v. II חשׂף derives the noun from a proposed homonymic verbal root (which occurs only in Ps 29:9) meaning “cause a premature birth.” In this case the derived noun could refer to goats that are undersized because they are born prematurely. 1 Kings 20:28 Then a man of God came near and spoke to the king of Israel and said, “Thus says the LORD, ‘Because the Arameans have said, “The LORD is a god of the mountains, but He is not a god of the valleys,” therefore I will give all this great multitude into your hand, and you shall know that I am the LORD.’” NET 1 Kings 20:28 The prophet visited the king of Israel and said, "This is what the LORD says: 'Because the Syrians said, "The LORD is a god of the mountains and not a god of the valleys," I will hand over to you this entire huge army. Then you will know that I am the LORD.'" CSB 1 Kings 20:28 Then the man of God approached and said to the king of Israel, "This is what the LORD says: 'Because the Arameans have said: Yahweh is a god of the mountains and not a god of the valleys, I will hand over all this great army to you. Then you will know that I am the LORD.'" ESV 1 Kings 20:28 And a man of God came near and said to the king of Israel, "Thus says the LORD, 'Because the Syrians have said, "The LORD is a god of the hills but he is not a god of the valleys," therefore I will give all this great multitude into your hand, and you shall know that I am the LORD.'" NIV 1 Kings 20:28 The man of God came up and told the king of Israel, "This is what the LORD says: 'Because the Arameans think the LORD is a god of the hills and not a god of the valleys, I will deliver this vast army into your hands, and you will know that I am the LORD.' " NLT 1 Kings 20:28 Then the man of God went to the king of Israel and said, "This is what the LORD says: The Arameans have said, 'The LORD is a god of the hills and not of the plains.' So I will defeat this vast army for you. Then you will know that I am the LORD." man of God came near : 1Ki 20:13,22 13:1 17:18 2Ch 20:14-20 Because the Arameans have said,: 1Ki 20:23 Isa 37:29-37 therefore will: 1Ki 20:13 De 32:27 Jos 7:8,9 Job 12:16-19 Ps 58:10,11 79:10 Isa 37:29,35 Jer 14:7 Eze 20:9,14 36:21-23,32 know: 1Ki 20:13 Ex 6:7 7:5 8:22 De 29:6 Eze 6:14 11:12 12:16 36:22 39:7 1 Kings 20 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE PROPHET PROMISES VICTORY Then a man of God came near and spoke to the king of Israel and said, “Thus says the LORD, ‘Because the Arameans have said, “The LORD is a god of the mountains, but He is not a god of the valleys,” therefore I will give all this great multitude into your hand (into your power), and you shall know (yada; Lxx - ginosko = know intimately, experientially) that I am the LORD - So notice that not only does the prophet say the victory would cause Israel to know that it was from Yahweh (and that they might truly know Him) and not their preparations (for their forces were only as large as two little flocks of goats), but he is also saying the Arameans would realize Israel's God was omnipresent and not just restricted to the mountains. THOUGHT - The key promise (then and in our battles today beloved) is I will give all this great multitude into your hand. I am reminded of Paul's encouraging words in 2Co 10:3-5+ "For though we walk in the flesh, we do not war according to the flesh, for the weapons of our warfare are not of the flesh, but divinely powerful for the destruction of fortresses. We are destroying speculations and every lofty thing raised up against the knowledge of God, and we are taking every thought captive to the obedience of Christ." Oh, how we need to continually recall God's strategy for victory when we are in spiritual struggles (cf Eph 6:10-18+). Let it be so LORD for Thy glory and honor. In Jesus' Name. Amen. Adam
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MacArthur - destruction. By declaring the battles to be holy war (1Ki 20:13, 22, 28), the Lord had put Ben-hadad and the Syrians under the ban, a reference to something belonging to the Lord and destined to be destroyed (Dt 7:2; 20:16). By freeing Ben-hadad, Ahab had disobeyed the law and would suffer the ban in place of Ben-hadad. (See MacArthur Study Bible) Reformation Study Bible - devoted to destruction. - The wars were campaigns fought and won by God Himself, using the Israelites as His agents. In fighting these wars Israel was to conduct itself in a prescribed manner, observing stipulations of holy conduct. Ahab was willing to accept divine victory, but he violated the rules for the holy war by making a treaty with Ben-hadad and yoking Israel to a foreign power (Deut. 7:1-6; 20:16-18). Bob