Gênesis 9
John Calvin · Citado em PreceptAustin
Gênesis 9
Calvin comment on Ge 9:15). Some people treat signs as almost magical, a mistake that leads to the Catholic concept of sacrament. In fact, the bow doesn’t keep the world from flood. God’s covenant does, and the bow is there only to remind us that He remembers His covenant. Amazing that the LGBT community has taken to themselves this rainbow sign. Satan is always in the business of trying to hijack God’s signs and corrupt them and obscure their true significance When we see the rainbow…think of the faithfulness of the covenant-keeping God. (Notes on Gen 8-9) Warren
Gênesis 9
Calvin - we are to learn from the drunkenness of Noah, what a filthy and detestable crime drunkenness is. The holy patriarch, though he had hitherto been a rare example of frugality and temperance, losing all self-possession, did, in a base and shameful manner, prostrate himself naked on the ground, so as to become a laughingstock to all. Therefore, with what care ought we to cultivate sobriety, lest anything like this, or even worse, should happen to us? Formerly, the heathen philosopher said, that wine is the blood of the earth; and, therefore, when men intemperately pour it down their throats, they are justly punished by their mother. Let us, however, rather remember, that when men, by shameful abuse, profane this noble and most precious gift of God, He himself becomes the Avenger. And let us know, that Noah, by the judgement of Gods has been set forth as a spectacle to be a warning to others, that they should not become intoxicated by excessive drinking. Some excuse might certainly be made for the holy man; who, having completed his labor, and being exhilarated with wine, imagines that he is but taking his just reward. But God brands him with an eternal mark of disgrace. What then, do we suppose, will happen to those idle-bellies and insatiable gluttons whose sole object of contention is who shall consume the greatest quantity of wine? And although this kind of correction was severe, yet it was profitable to the servant of God; since he was recalled to sobriety, lest by proceeding in the indulgence of a vice to which he had once yielded, he should ruin himself; just as we see drunkards become at length brutalized by continued intemperance. Graeme Goldsworthy rightly says “The flood did not purge the earth of wickedness and we cannot suppose that such was its purpose.” (BORROW According to Plan - page 140) To which
Gênesis 9
Calvin adds "Also the Gentiles, the progeny of Japheth, who had long been wanderers and fugitives were received into the same tabernacle. For God, by a new adoption, has formed a people out of those who were separated, and has confirmed a fraternal union between alienated parties. This is done by the sweet and gentle voice of God, which he has uttered in the gospel; and this prophecy is still daily receiving its fulfillment, since God invites the scattered sheep to join his flock, and collects on every side, those who shall sit down with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven (ED: YES, BUT FIRST IN THE MESSIANIC KINGDOM!). It is truly no common support of our faith, that the calling of the Gentiles is declared by the mouth of the Patriarch Noah; lest we should think it to have happened suddenly, or by chance, that the inheritance of eternal life was offered generally to all." NET NOTE on the identity of "he" in the phrase "May he live..." - There is some debate over whether God or Japheth is the subject. On the one hand, the brothers acted together and the refrain ending Ge 9:26, 27 is the same, which suggests that Ge 9:26 is about Shem and Ge 9:27 is about Japheth. But it is not clear what it would mean for Japheth to live in Shem’s tents. A similar phrase occurs in Ps 78:55 where it means for Israel to occupy Canaan, but there is no reason in this context to expect Japheth to be blessed at the expense of Shem and occupy his territory. If this applies to Japheth, it would make more sense for it to mean that Japheth would participate in the blessings of Shem, but that is not clear for this phrase. On the other hand it is typical to keep the same subject if a new one is not explicitly introduced, suggesting that God is the subject here (see W. Kaiser, The Messiah in the Old Testament [borrow], 44-46). In addition, the phrase שָׁכַן בּ (shakhan b…, “to dwell in/among” is often used of the LORD dwelling among Israel, in Zion, making His name dwell there, or the Tabernacle dwelling among them. Referring to the “tents” (plural) of Shem looks ahead to tents of his descendants, not to the Tabernacle, though the Tabernacle being in the middle of the camp would seem to be a realization of the statement, as would Jesus’ presence among Israel. And let Canaan be his servant The Defender's Study Bible (BORROW) - The enlargement of Japheth was not to be primarily geographical (Hamitic and Semitic nations have been enlarged geographically as much as the Japhethites) but intellectual. The Japhetic peoples (Greeks, Romans, Aryans, Europeans) have largely supplied the philosophers and scientists of mankind. The tripartite nature of man (body, mind, spirit) is shared by every man and every nation. However, each man (and each nation) reflects one of these as a predominant characteristic. Noah recognized that Ham, Japheth and Shem were dominated, respectively, by physical, intellectual and spiritual considerations, and so could see prophetically that these attributes would likewise be emphasized in the nations descending from them. Thus, every nation would contribute its own part to the corporate life of mankind as a whole. tents of Shem. Japheth was peculiarly God's steward in the intellectual analysis and utilization of earth's resources, and Shem was peculiarly His steward with respect to the propagation of God's will and plan for mankind, especially the transmission of His saving Word. Both services would require an adequate physical base from which to operate, and thus would require the stewardship of Ham in the physical world. Thus, Ham was steward to Shem and Japheth in their stewardship—in this sense also, he would be a servant of servants. Dr. Richard Gamble: The Greatest Promise - A Sermon on Genesis 9 God is powerful, and he is the Lord. The Lord God is just and punishes sin. But he is also gracious: he enters into covenants/promises with men, and he reveals himself to us in his names and by his works. This is progressive revelation. He also reveals the gospel in the Old Testament. When we look through Christian glasses, we see it quite clearly in different ways. First, we recognize that it was always God’s plan to enlarge the church beyond the tents or dwellings of his son Shem (Abraham’s family) to the dwellings of his son Japheth (the Gentiles). Second, although it may appear that Shem got all the good promises, in fact Japheth was included in them too. While Noah did not know the precise manner in which God would bring the prophecy to fulfillment, the Japhethites did actually conquer the Shemites. This happened in history when the Greeks and Romans took over Palestine. It also happened when Christians were engrafted into the tents of the Shemites (Israel; compare Rom. 11). Israel was the church in the Old Testament. They were blessed and saved not because Shem was a better son than Japheth, but because of God’s sovereign plan. This was not an issue of sin. It was God’s sovereign choice (compare Rom. 9). We are all Japhethites living in the tents of Shem. Unless we have been born of Jewish parents, then this is true of us quite literally. Because of our sin we all deserve to be like Japheth, outside the good promises of God made to Shem. At the same time, we are also Shemites calling the Japhethites to live in our tents, to live in the church of Jesus Christ, the place of blessing. We are to call the scattered people of the world to join our voices in the proclamation: “Blessed be the Lord, the God of Shem!” “Sing, burst into song and shout for joy — for your maker is your husband — the Lord Almighty is His name — the Holy one of Israel is your Redeemer; he is called the God of all the earth” (Isa. 54:1,5). As inhabitants of the tents of Shem, the promise is true for us: “Though the mountains be shaken and the hills be removed, yet God’s unfailing love for us will not be shaken nor his covenant of peace be removed, says the Lord, who has compassion on us.” (Isaiah 54:10) Robert Hawker - Poor Man's Evening Portion - God shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem.—Genesis 9:27. None but God himself could do either. Who but God could enlarge the one, or persuade and overrule the other? Of Japheth came the Gentiles, (Gen. 10:5;) and Shem is the father of Israel. But ‘Jesus, and Jesus only, can bring both Jew and Gentile into one fold, under one shepherd. And when the fulness of the Gentiles shall be completed, then shall all Israel be saved. Then will the deliverer arise out of Zion, to turn away ungodliness from Jacob. My soul! art thou, night by night, and morning by morning, besieging a throne of grace that the Lord would hasten the latter-day of glory? Surely, if thou feelest due concern for the Redeemer’s glory, this must form a part in thy daily petition. Who, indeed, can be indifferent to the interests of Christ’s kingdom? “In the multitude of the people,” saith Solomon, “is the king’s honour;” (Prov. 14:28;) and in the multitude of redeemed souls, is the glory of Christ Jesus. Lord! I would pray, fulfil this blessed promise. Enlarge Japheth, and cause him to dwell in the tents of Shem. Let the heathen be given to our God and Saviour for his inheritance, and the utmost parts of the earth for his possession. “Oh! that the salvation were given unto Israel out of Zion! Oh! that the Lord would deliver his people out of captivity! then shall Jacob rejoice, and Israel shall be glad!” Gleason Archer - New International Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties - What was meant by Noah’s prophecy that Japheth would dwell in the tents of Shem (Gen. 9:27)? The full statement by Noah was as follows: “May God enlarge Japheth,/And let him dwell in the tents of Shem;/And let Canaan be his servant” (Gen. 9:27, NASB). This follows right on the heels of v.26, which indicates that the descendants of Canaan will serve as bondservants of both the Semites and the Indo-Europeans. This was fulfilled, in all probability, when in the 330s B.C. Alexander the Great subdued the entire territory of the Persian Empire and added it to his extensive European domains. As conqueror of the Phoenicians, Samaritans, Assyrians, and Babylonians, Alexander took over the reins of government through his special deputies and settled his veteran troops in various camps throughout the conquered territory. The empire he established endured for well over three centuries. In that sense, then, Japheth (ancestor of Javan or the Greeks) did “dwell in the tents of Shem.” Prior to Alexander’s conquest, of course, Canaan had been invaded and taken over by the armies of Joshua around 1400 B.C. In that sense, then, Canaan became the servant of Shem as well as of Japheth (in the time of the Alexandrian conquest). But if the antecedent of the ambiguous pronoun “his” in “And let Canaan be his servant” is “Japheth”—as seems more likely—then this points forward particularly to the subjugation of the entire area of Canaan, or Palestine, by the Greeks and Macedonians of Alexander’s army. Thus Canaan became the “servant” of Japheth. Genesis 9:28 Noah lived three hundred and fifty years after the flood. Genesis 9 Resources - Multiple sermons and commentaries ADAM 930 years (Gen. 5:5) SETH 912 years (Gen. 5:8) ENOSH 905 years (Gen. 5:11) ENOCH 365 years (Gen. 5:23) METHUSELAH 969 years (Gen. 5:27) LAMECH 777 years (Gen. 5:31) NOAH 950 years (Gen. 9:29) The Flood SHEM 600 years (Gen. 11:10, 11) EBER 464 years (Gen. 11:16, 17) TERAH 205 years (Gen. 11:32) ABRAHAM 175 years (Gen. 25:7) ISAAC 180 years (Gen. 35:28) JACOB 147 years (Gen. 47:28) JOSEPH 110 years (Gen. 50:26) NOAH'S LONG LIFE POST FLOOD Noah lived three hundred and fifty years after the flood (mabbul) - So even though the lifespans in the post-diluvian world were shortened compared to antediluvian lifespans, Noah still lived a long life typical of the antediluvian peoples. The patriarchs who lived before the Flood had an average lifespan of about 900 years (Gen. 5). The ages of post-Flood patriarchs dropped rapidly and gradually leveled off (Gen. 11). Some suggest that this is due to major environmental changes brought about by the Flood. Genesis 9:29 So all the days of Noah were nine hundred and fifty years, and he died. nine - Ge 5:5,20,27,32 11:11-25 Ps 90:10 Genesis 9 Resources - Multiple sermons and commentaries Related Passage: Psalm 90:10+ (MOSES RECORDS A MORE TYPICAL LIFESPAN) - As for the days of our life, they contain seventy years, Or if due to strength, eighty years, Yet their pride is but labor and sorrow; For soon it is gone and we fly away (WOE! WHAT HAVE YOU SENT AHEAD OF YOU TO HEAVEN? SEE Mt 6:19-21+). Click to enlarge and make more legible NOAH DIED AT A RIPE OLD AGE So all the days of Noah were nine hundred and fifty years, and he died - Noah fades off the pages of Genesis and ends the times of men experiencing lives lasting many centuries, Noah actually having lived longer than any of his ancestors except Jared (962) and Methuselah (969). So even after the flood flushing the depraved world down the sink, sin still reigned and thus men still died. AND HE DIED - The repeated refrain of Genesis 5 - Gen. 5:5; Gen. 5:8; Gen. 5:11; Gen. 5:14; Gen. 5:17; Gen. 5:20; Gen. 5:27; Gen. 5:31; Gen. 9:29