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John Calvin · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Crônicas 14
Calvin - David knew to what end God had exalted his reign: it was because of his people, Israel. David could easily have thought that God was making him prosper to maintain him as ruler over the kingdom. But to know the intention of God and to what end he does something takes far more prudence. David perceived that God was exalting him because of his people Israel. So David knew the reason why he was reigning. It was not for his personal profit but for the common salvation of all. This is well worth noting, for we must always remember that it is not enough for us to recognize the blessings of God. We must also always use those properly. How? When God has brought us back from some illness, when he has saved us from some danger, we must realize that he does this so we might thank him and honor his name. Moreover, let us realize that we must apply everything we are granted to his service. In sum, let us learn that, whenever God shows mercy to his people or to an individual member of the body, it is so that we will call on him and recognize him as the author of every good, then give ourselves to his service and dedicate all that we have to it. On the other hand, when I see that God has set me apart for some service, I must realize that it is not because of me that he has prolonged my life but because he wants to use me in the service of his church. This is the prudence we should manifest whenever God favors us. Let us realize that these blessings are not to be useless but always think: God has preserved me so many times. I must, therefore, show that I am aware of this. QUESTION - What is the Davidic covenant? ANSWER - The Davidic Covenant refers to God’s promises to David through Nathan the prophet and is found in 2 Samuel 7 and later summarized in 1 Chronicles 17:11–14 and 2 Chronicles 6:16. This is an unconditional covenant made between God and David through which God promises David and Israel that the Messiah (Jesus Christ) would come from the lineage of David and the tribe of Judah and would establish a kingdom that would endure forever. The Davidic Covenant is unconditional because God does not place any conditions of obedience upon its fulfillment. The surety of the promises made rests solely on God’s faithfulness and does not depend at all on David or Israel’s obedience. The Davidic Covenant centers on several key promises that are made to David. First, God reaffirms the promise of the land that He made in the first two covenants with Israel (the Abrahamic and Mosaic Covenants). This promise is seen in 2 Samuel 7:10, “I will provide a place for my people Israel and will plant them so that they can have a home of their own and no longer be disturbed. Wicked people will not oppress them anymore.” God then promises that David’s son will succeed him as king of Israel and that this son (Solomon) would build the temple. This promise is seen in 2 Samuel 7:12–13, " I will raise up your offspring to succeed you, your own flesh and blood, and I will establish his kingdom. He is the one who will build a house for my Name.” But then the promise continues and expands: “I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever” (verse 13), and “Your house and your kingdom will endure forever before me; your throne will be established forever” (verse 16). What began as a promise that David’s son Solomon would be blessed and build the temple turns into something different—the promise of an everlasting kingdom. Another Son of David would rule forever and build a lasting House. This is a reference to the Messiah, Jesus Christ, called the Son of David in Matthew 21:9. The promise that David’s “house,” “kingdom,” and “throne” will be established forever is significant because it shows that the Messiah will come from the lineage of David and that He will establish a kingdom from which He will reign. The covenant is summarized by the words “house,” promising a dynasty in the lineage of David; “kingdom,” referring to a people who are governed by a king; “throne,” emphasizing the authority of the king’s rule; and “forever,” emphasizing the eternal and unconditional nature of this promise to David and Israel. Other references to the Davidic Covenant are found in Jeremiah 23:5; 30:9; Isaiah 9:7; 11:1; Luke 1:32, 69; Acts 13:34; and Revelation 3:7. GotQuestions.org 1 Chronicles 14:3 Then David took more wives at Jerusalem, and David became the father of more sons and daughters. took : 1Ch 3:1-4 De 17:17 2Sa 5:13 1Ki 11:3 Pr 5:18,19 Ec 7:26-29 9:9 Mal 2:14 Mt 19:4,5,8 Click to Enlarge David's Family Tree Source: Bibletales.online DAVID SOWS THE SEEDS OF POLYGAMY Then - Expression of time. Marks progress in the narrative. What had God just done for David? Exalted him. It seems that this exaltation was not enough, for he wanted more women in his harem. Did God's exaltation morph (so to speak) in to personal pride ("Look what I have accomplished!")? That is certainly possible (as it is with all of us when we experience God's favor, especially favor that others can see). David took more wives at Jerusalem - 2 Samuel 5:13+ has "Meanwhile David took more concubines and wives from Jerusalem, after he came from Hebron; and more sons and daughters were born to David." Sin is deceptive and attractive and destructive and progressive (if not quickly confessed) and it was all of these things in King David's life as see beginning in 2Sa 11:1-2ff.+ (See depiction of the effects/after-effects/sin in the diagram above.) Wives in the ancient near east were a sign of wealth and success and also a way to make political alliance. Hosea 8:7 says "For they sow the wind and they reap the whirlwind." The number of David's wives showed that David was willing to live a life of splendor of an ancient monarch, but the seed he as sowing was witnessed by Solomon, and David's lack of self-control in adding wives would reap sorrowful consequences for him. He would be shamed before the entire nation when Absalom lay with his concubines in fulfillment of prophecy (2Sa 12:11-12+, fulfilled 2Sa 16:21-22+). Solomon imitated David's sin which eventually led to his ruin and splitting of the Kingdom of Israel (1Ki 11:1-17). What is sad is that while David took more wives at Jerusalem, but more wives were not enough to satisfy his lust! In 2Sa 11:1-2+ we see that he looked at and lusted for Bathsheba and after adultery and murder of Uriah her husband, took one more wife in Jerusalem! 2Sa 11:27+ says "When the time of mourning was over, David sent and brought her (BATHSHEBA) to his house and she became his wife; then she bore him a son. But the thing that David had done was evil in the sight of the LORD." David is directly disobeyed the LORD'S clear instruction in Dt 17:17+ “He (THE KING OF ISRAEL) shall not multiply wives for himself, (HERE IS THE PROBLEM) or else his heart will turn away; nor shall he greatly increase silver and gold for himself." Thomas
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Calvin - There was a reason why God commanded David to go behind his enemies and not to attack them directly. For our faith must be proved in various ways, and if David had always conquered his enemies in one way, he would not have been so keenly aware of the help of God. There was another benefit in David’s recognizing that God could smite his enemies both from the back and from the front. He could punish them one way now, and another way later, thereby cleverly surprising them. When one means fails us, God has more than a million more in his hand to offer us. That is what David recognized. Likewise, let us carefully recognize that when God uses different methods that we do not understand with our own minds, we must humble ourselves and adore his wisdom. When he is hidden from us and we cannot see the reason why he acts as he does, we must turn everything over to him and accept as good everything that he declares to be his will. This is how the foolishness of God overcomes the wisdom of the world (1 Cor. 1:25). When we cannot understand why God does something, we show arrogance in our nature when we presume to be his judges and boldly condemn him. Men have tried all sorts of trickery to find ways to contradict God, but they only remain confounded. Well, then, that is the point: God takes care of his people in such strange ways that we cannot understand why he uses various approaches. But when God’s way seems foolish to us, let us learn to receive with deep sobriety and reverence what we know has proceeded from him. 1 Chronicles 14:15 "It shall be when you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the balsam trees, then you shall go out to battle, for God will have gone out before you to strike the army of the Philistines." when thou shalt hear : Some, taking the word {bechaim,} translated "mulberry trees," as a proper name, render, "when thou shalt hear a sound of going upon the summits of Bechaim;" other understanding {rosh,} "a top," in the sense of beginning or entrance, read, "when thou hearest a sound of footsteps at the entrance of the grove of mulberry trees;" and others think a rustling among the leaves is intended. The Targumist read, "When thou shalt hear the sound of the angels coming to thy assistance, then go out to battle; for an angel is sent from the presence of God, that he may render thy way prosperous." If there had not been an evident supernatural interference, David might have thought that the {ruse de guerre} which he had used, was the cause of his victory. Lev 26:36 2Ki 7:6 19:7 Ac 2:2 then thou : Jud 4:14 7:9,15 1Sa 14:9-22 Php 2:12,13 for God : Isa 13:4 45:1,2 Mic 2:12,13 LISTEN FOR THE SUPERNATURAL SOUND It shall be when you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the balsam trees, What a beautiful metaphorical description, depicting the tops of balsam trees as marching. It is as if God has His army anywhere and everywhere, ever ready to spring into action to aid his saints. THOUGHT - God's sending help when David cried out reminds me of Hebrews 2:18+ which says "since He Himself (JESUS) was tempted in that which He has suffered, He is (dunamai in present tense - continually) able to come to the aid of those who are (present tense - continually being) tempted (TESTED)." A critical part of this verse is the verb come to the aid, the Greek verb boetheo, which means to run to give aid upon hearing the cry or call for help! Can you see the implication? When the temptation (test) is attacking us, we need to cry out to Jesus, Who continually has the supernatural ability (able dunamai in present tense) to run to our aid! So....Cry out! Another THOUGHT - "There was a place for waiting, but a place also for action." (Baldwin) Today every believer in Christ must wait for and then obey the moving of the Holy Spirit with vigor. Do I have ears to hear and a heart to obey when I hear the Lord's the sound of marching in the tops of the balsam trees? See Henry Blackaby on joining God when He is moving. "When you hear and see evidence of God moving out, rouse yourself, and join Him. One of my prayers for 2023 is that God would open up my ears to hear the sound of His marching so that I can join him. For most of my life, I’ve done the opposite. I’ve assumed it’s my responsibility to fix everything, and seek his help. No, that’s his job. My job is to join him 5 in what he’s doing. At the end of the day, your greatest Strategy for Success = Submission." (J D Greear) Guzik makes a good point - After the first victory over the Philistines, David was wise enough to wait on the LORD before the second battle. It is easy for many in the same situation to say, “I’ve fought this battle before. I know how to win. This will be easy.” David always triumphed when he sought and obeyed God. In his commentary on this passage, Adam