Isaías 4
H.A. Ironside · Citado em PreceptAustin
Isaías 4:2-6
Ironside - When times are darkened, deliverance will come through the Branch of the LORD, the promised Messiah of Israel, and the loveliest of the sons of men. Those left in Zion and remaining in Jerusalem will be the special objects of His favor and will be set apart to the Lord who will wash away their filth in His own blood and cleanse their hearts with the spirit of burning, in accordance with the promises made through many other prophets. (Isaiah 4 - When the LORD Returns to Zion - Online) and the fruit of the earth will be the pride and the adornment of the survivors of Israel: the fruit. Is 27:6, 30:23, 45:8, Ps 67:6, 85:11,12 Ho 2:22,23 Joel 3:18) (Survivors Heb = the escaping. Isa 10:20, 21, 22, 27:12,13, 37:31,32 Jer 44:14,28 Ezek 7:16 Joel 2:32 Ob 1:17 Mt 24:22 Lk 21:36 Ro 11:4,5 Re 7:9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 Fruit of the earth - (same two Hebrew words occur in Nu 13:20, 13:26, Dt 1:25, Ps 107:34, Is 4:2 Ezek 34:27, Zec 8:12) This verse and specifically this phrase have been subject to a number of different interpretations but it is beyond the scope of these notes to go into detailed pros and cons (the interested reader is referred to the Expositor's Bible Commentary or J A Motyer's commentary on Isaiah published by InterVarsity Press) (Note also that the translators' "bias" will be reflected in the way this verse is actually rendered, and this caution applies especially to the paraphrased versions, so be alert!) Briefly, it is to be noted that many commentators (John Martin, Alex Motyer, Edward Young, to name a few) associate this description ("fruit… and the adornment") as applying to the Messiah Himself (in addition to the Branch clearly being a Messianic reference). Others fail to see any Messianic overtones at all in this passage (even ascribing a non-messianic interpretation to the "Branch"). Finally, others interpret this as a description of the transformed fruitful land of Israel, similar to Isaiah's later description of the land resembling the garden of Eden (Isa 51:3, 65:22). Skinner (written in 1897) for example remarks that the luxuriant vegetation of the Holy Land in the latter days will reflect glory on the inhabitants as a proof of Jehovah's signal favor -- a frequent thought in Messianic prophecy: Amos 9:13, Hos 2:21, 22, 23ff, Is 30:23, Jer 31:12, Ezek 34:26, 27, 28, 29, 30, Ezek 36:34, 35f; Zech 9:16f; Mal 3:12; Joel 3:18 and compare Lv 26:3, 4, 5, Dt 28:3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12. The verse has a close resemblance to Is 28:5. (Online) The NET Bible note comments that the phrase "fruit of the earth"… corresponds to “produce of the land,” a phrase that refers elsewhere exclusively to literal agricultural produce (see Nu 13:20, 26; Dt 1:25). In the majority of its uses "sprout" refers to literal crops or vegetation (in Ps 65:10 the Lord is the source of this vegetation). A reference to the Lord restoring crops would make excellent sense in Isa 4 and the prophets frequently included this theme in their visions of the future age (see Is 30:23, 24; 32:20; Je 31:12; Ezek 34:26, 27, 28, 29; and Amos 9:13, 14). THE SURVIVING REMNANT The NET has an interesting translation -- all in Jerusalem who are destined to live Survivors (06413) (peletah) refers to those who have escaped the Lord's hand of judgment and are "left over". The primary meaning refers to the remnant of God's people Israel as in 2Ki 19:30,31 (= Isa 37:31, 22, etc) (See study of the remnant). Those who have escaped do not owe their survival to fortuitous circumstances but to the mercy of God. Peletah also conveys not only the idea of "escape" but also of "deliverance, " as in 2Chr 12:7. This word is used in Ezra 9:8, 13, 14, 15 to reflect the goodness of God in preserving a believing Jewish remnant, rather than liquidating the entire Jewish race. The Septuagint (Lxx) translates peletah with the word kataleipo which literally describes those left behind. Petelah - 26v in the OT - deliverance(2), escape(7), escaped(2), escaped remnant(3), escapes(1), fugitives(1), survivors(5), what has escaped(1), who have escaped(1), who escape(1), who escaped(2). Ge 32:8; 45:7; Ex 10:5; Jdg 21:17; 2Sa 15:14; 2Kgs 19:31; 1Chr 4:43; 2 Chr 12:7; 20:24; 30:6; Ezra 9:8, 13, 14, 15; Neh 1:2; Isa 4:2; 10:20; 15:9; 37:32; Jer 25:35; 50:29; Ezek 14:22; Da 11:42; Joel 2:3, 32; Obad 1:17. Survivors of Israel - (Literally "the escaped of Israel", ethnic, national Israel, not "the escaped of the church") These are the Jews who remain alive after the Lord has purified His people through judgment and burning, which in context refers to those who survive the time of Jacob's distress (Jer 30:7, 8, 9). Isaiah goes on to specify that the survivors are those Jews who have placed their faith (this is implied in the next verse for the only way to be holy is by grace through faith = a gift of God) in Messiah during this tumultuous time of the Great Tribulation. Several synonymous terms for survivors are used in the next verse (Is 4:3) to describe this group = "he who is left", "remains" (both these terms imply there has been a purging or separation), "everyone who is recorded for life in Jerusalem" (Is 4:3). See also study of the remnant.
Isaías 4:2-6
Ironside - Then Mount Zion and Jerusalem will become a center of blessing to the whole earth, and the glory of the Lord that once was seen over the sanctuary of old will be as a cloudy pillar over all the homes of the redeemed city, both as a glory and a defence. "And there shall be a tabernacle for a shadow in the daytime from the heat, and for a place of refuge, and for a covert from storm and from rain" (verse 6). Thus, like Israel in the wilderness so long ago, will the restored nation be under Jehovah's gracious care when He has cleansed them from their iniquities and turned their hearts back to Himself. (Isaiah 4 - When the LORD Returns to Zion - Online) I agree with Thomas Constable's summation of this section - This oracle (Is 2:1-4:6) reveals events that would happen in a “day” yet future from Isaiah’s perspective. History has shown that some of the predictions of judgment found partial fulfillment in the exiles of Israel that preceded Messiah’s appearing. However most of the judgment, and all of the blessing connected to Messiah, lies in the future from our perspective (cf. Matt. 24:4-30). It is mainly the Tribulation and Messiah’s blessing of Israel in the Millennium to follow that is in view here.