Números 10
David Guzik · Citado em PreceptAustin
Números 10
Guzik - This was the first time Israel marched as an organized, prepared nation. They were not the same group that escaped Egypt as a mob. They had been fully prepared to walk as Promised Land people and it was all focused towards this exact point: bringing them into the Promised Land: They were ordered and organized They were cleansed and purified They were set apart and blessed They were taught how to give and how to function as priests They were made to remember judgment spared and deliverance brought They were given God’s presence as a guide and the tools needed to lead the people One would be tempted to think that after such extensive preparation—a virtual transformation from slave people to Promised Land people—the actual entering into the Promised Land would be easy. This was not the case. The preparation was exactly that—preparation. Ahead of them are the greatest challenges, challenges that can only be met by faith. A soldier might think boot camp finishes something—but it doesn’t. It only prepares for a greater challenge: The actual battle itself. Irving Jensen's Outline of "The Journey" Numbers 10:11-22:1 I. Sinai to Kadesh—Unbelief (Numbers 10:11–14:45) A. A Good Start (Numbers 10:11–36) B. First Casualties (Numbers 11:1–35) C. Rebellion of Two Leaders (Numbers 12:1–15) D. Reconnaissance and Report (Numbers 12:16–13:33) E. People’s Decision and God’s Judgment (Numbers 14:1–45) II. Desert Wanderings—Divine Chastening Numbers (Numbers 15:1–19:22) A. God’s Legislation Reaffirmed (Numbers 15:1–41) B. God’s Leaders Challenged (Numbers 16:1–50) C. God’s High Priest Vindicated (Numbers 17:1–13) D. God’s Priests and Levites Provided For (Numbers 18:1–32) E. God’s People Offered Cleansing for Mass Defilement (Numbers 19:1–22) III. Kadesh to Moab—A New Generation and a New Start (Numbers 20:1–22:1) A. First Signs of Retiring Leadership (Numbers 20:1–29) B. Successful Advances to the Plains of Moab (Numbers 21:1–22:1) Numbers 10:12 and the sons of Israel set out on their journeys from the wilderness of Sinai. Then the cloud settled down in the wilderness of Paran. set out: Nu 33:16 Ex 13:20 40:36,37 De 1:19 from: Nu 1:1 9:1,5 33:15 Ex 19:1,2 the wilderness: Nu 12:16 13:3,26 Ge 21:21 De 1:1 33:2 1Sa 25:1 Hab 3:3 Wilderness of Paran FIRST STOP WILDERNESS OF PARAN And the sons of Israel set out on their journeys from the wilderness of Sinai - Again we see all Israel obeys the call to begin marching out. Wenham notes that " Verse 12 summarizes several days journeyings. Stops were made at Kibroth-hattaavah and Hazeroth before they finally reached the wilderness of Paran (Nu 11:35; 12:16). This is the largest and most barren of the wildernesses traversed by the Israelites, covering much of the Northern Sinai peninsula and some of the Southern Negeb and Arabah (Gen. 21:21; Num. 13:26; 1 Kgs 11:18)." (TOTC-Nu) Then the cloud settled down in the wilderness of Paran - The immediate destination was the wilderness of Paran, a vast barren land in the north-central part of the Sinai Peninsula (see map above), but there would be several intermediate stops (cf. Nu 11:3, 34–35; Nu 12:16). "This was “not a station but is the general name for the northern half of the Sinai Peninsula” (Milgrom 1989:76). Several campsites were in the region (Nu 10:12; 12:16; 13:3, 26; Deut 1:1; 33:2)." (Merrill)
Números 10
Guzik - They actually marched in the order God had commanded earlier in the book. This means that they took God’s word seriously, and followed it exactly—just as Promised Land people should. NIVSB - "This marks the first time Israel has moved its camp since setting at the foot of Mount Sinai roughly a year prior, just after the exodus from Egypt (Exod 19:1–2)." Numbers 10:14 The standard of the camp of the sons of Judah, according to their armies, set out first, with Nahshon the son of Amminadab, over its army, Nu 2:3-9 26:19-27 Ge 49:8 Nahshon: Nu 1:7 7:12 NUMBER ONE OF THE FIRST TRIAD Numbers 10:14-28 reveal that every tribe had an assigned place and purpose. We too have a purpose for our lives that God wants us to fulfill. Are you fulfilling your purpose? The standard of the camp of the sons of Judah (cf Nu 2:3-4), according to their armies, set out first, with Nahshon the son of Amminadab, over its army - Numbers 10:14-28 is the same order as in Numbers 2:1-34. As in Nu 2:3, 10, 18, 25, each of the four groups has a standard for rallying and organization. The Armies....army (06635) (tsaba from tsaba = to go forth to war, to wage war, to serve) is a masculine noun meaning troops or army (2Ki 5:1) and so has to do with war or warfare. Repeatedly uses in Numbers 10 - Num. 10:14; Num. 10:15; Num. 10:16; Num. 10:18; Num. 10:19; Num. 10:20; Num. 10:22; Num. 10:23; Num. 10:24; Num. 10:25; Num. 10:26; Num. 10:27; Num. 10:28; I find it fascinating that the Septuagint translates tsaba with the Greek noun dunamis which speaks of power, specifically inherent power to accomplish a task. In this case the "task" was conquest of Canaan and the repeated uses of dunamis to translate tsaba speak of the divine power present in each of the 12 tribes (dunamis in Numbers 10 = Nu. 10:14; 15; 16;18; 19; 20; 22; :23; 24; 25; 26; 27; 28) Believer's Study Bible - As they marched, the standards or banners were set over each group according to the directions that had been given to them (cf. 2:1).
Números 10
Guzik - Moses was a wise enough leader to know his limitations, and to know that he needed help. Instead of just saying, “well, God got us this far and He’ll see us through without [Hobab]” he knew God’s help often comes through men like [Hobab]. Though Israel was guided by God, there was still help needed by man—men like [Hobab]. God plans it this way, often arranging it so His help comes to us partially through people He has ordained to help us. NET Note on Hobab - There is a problem with the identity of Hobab. The MT says that he is the son of Reuel, making him the brother-in-law of Moses. But Judg 4:11 says he is the father-in-law. In Judg 1:16; 4:11 Hobab is traced to the Kenites, but in Exod 3:1 and 18:1 Jethro (Reuel) is priest of Midian. Jethro is identified with Reuel on the basis of Exod 2:18 and 3:1, and so Hobab becomes Moses’ חֹתֵן (khoten), a relative by marriage and perhaps brother-in-law. There is not enough information to decide on the identity and relationships involved here. Some suggest that there is one person with the three names (G. B. Gray, Numbers [ICC], 93); others suggest Hobab is a family name (R. F. Johnson, IDB 2:615), and some suggest that the expression “the son of Reuel the Midianite” had dropped out of the genealogy of Judges, leading to the conflict (J. Crichton, ISBE 2:1055). If Hobab is the same as Jethro, then Exod 18:27 does not make much sense, for Jethro did go home. On this basis many conclude Hobab is a brother-in-law. This would mean that after Jethro returned home, Moses conversed with Hobab, his brother-in-law. For more discussion, see the articles and the commentaries. James Smith - Handfuls of Purpose - A PILGRIM’S INVITATION Numbers 10:29–32 “The past now lies behind us, On it be pardon seal’d; The present is around us, The future unrevealed. Or long, or short our lives be, We place us in Thy hand; O Jesus, guide and guard us Unto Thy blessed Land.” Moses said to Hobab, his father-in-law, who had come from Median to visit him in the wilderness, “We are journeying unto the place of which the Lord said, ‘I will give it you.’ Come thou with us, and we will do thee good.” Those who by faith see that city whose Builder and Maker is God desire others to come and share the blessedness. The Christian life, as a pilgrimage, may be aptly illustrated from this incident as we see them— 1. Pilgrims. “We are journeying.” 1. Where from? From the house of bondage, from the slavery of sin and the dominion of the devil, from a life of misery and fruitlessness. 2. Where through? Through the wilderness of this world, still lying in the lap of the wicked one. The experience of each individual pilgrim may be vastly different, but all going on. 2. Pilgrims journeying to a land of promise. The Christian’s land of promise is Christ Himself. All the promises of God are in Him. The Holy Spirit takes the things of Christ and shows them unto us. May our spiritual life grow up and journey on into an ever increasing likeness to Him, whom having not seen, yet we love. Heirs together with Christ. “I go to prepare a place for you.” 3. Pilgrims animated by faith. “The Lord said, I will give it you.” They believe His word and press on. The way may be rough or smooth, their feelings may be happy or wretched, but His word of assurance changeth not. We walk by faith, not by sight. Believe, and thou shalt see. Faith is the evidence of things not seen. By faith Abraham sojourned (Heb. 11:8, 9). 4. Pilgrims anxious for others to come with them. “Come thou with us.” This is a day of glad tidings, we do not well if we hold our peace (2 Kings 7:8–10). The coming of others into the joy of salvation does not curtail but enlarges our own inheritance of blessing. There are many like Hobab, who are only friendly visitors, they attend Church, &c., but are not decided followers of the Lord. Bid them come. That Church or Christian is in a sad condition that has ceased to say, COME. “Let him that heareth say, Come” (Rev. 22:17). 5. Pilgrims willing to help others. “We will do thee good.” The Christian Church is a brotherhood, a family, the “Household of God.” O how attractive it would be to those sin-sick, miserable, heart-broken onlookers if they could but see the love of God yearning in us for their good. It takes the love of Christ so to constrain us. 6. Pilgrims willing to be helped by others. “Thou mayest be to us instead of eyes.” Hobab had an intimate geographical knowledge of the whole country that might have been helpful to the strangers. Many men of the world might be a great help to the Church if only brought into full sympathy with the Lord and His people. In seeking to win souls for Christ let us not attempt to belittle the gifts of those who may not yet see as we do. It may be helpful to point out to them, as Moses did, how their attainments and experiences could be helpful to the cause of God, and thus attain their highest value. 7. Pilgrims who often meet with refusals. “He said, I will not go, but I will depart to mine own land.” Mine own land is often preferred to God’s land of promise. Mine own little plot, self, to the great kingdom of our God and His Christ. The excuses for not going are very numerous and varied: “I don’t like your company,” “I intend to go some day, but not now,” “I would go if So-and-so would go with me,” “I am afraid that I could not hold on,” “I am satisfied where I am,” “I have married a wife, &c., I cannot come.” Well, we are going whether you come or not. Numbers 10:30 But he said to him, "I will not come, but rather will go to my own land and relatives." NET Numbers 10:30 But Hobab said to him, "I will not go, but I will go instead to my own land and to my kindred." NLT Numbers 10:30 But Hobab replied, "No, I will not go. I must return to my own land and family." ESV Numbers 10:30 But he said to him, "I will not go. I will depart to my own land and to my kindred." NIV Numbers 10:30 He answered, "No, I will not go; I am going back to my own land and my own people." KJV Numbers 10:30 And he said unto him, I will not go; but I will depart to mine own land, and to my kindred. YLT Numbers 10:30 And he saith unto him, 'I do not go; but unto my land and unto my kindred do I go.' Ge 12:1 31:30 Ru 1:15-17 Ps 45:10 Lu 14:26 2Co 5:16 Heb 11:8,13 MOSES' BROTHER-IN-LAW INITIALLY DECLINES INVITATION But he said to him, "I will not come, but rather will go to my own land and relatives Numbers 10:31 Then he said, "Please do not leave us, inasmuch as you know where we should camp in the wilderness, and you will be as eyes for us. NET Numbers 10:31 Moses said, "Do not leave us, because you know places for us to camp in the wilderness, and you could be our guide. NLT Numbers 10:31 "Please don't leave us," Moses pleaded. "You know the places in the wilderness where we should camp. Come, be our guide. ESV Numbers 10:31 And he said, "Please do not leave us, for you know where we should camp in the wilderness, and you will serve as eyes for us. NIV Numbers 10:31 But Moses said, "Please do not leave us. You know where we should camp in the desert, and you can be our eyes. KJV Numbers 10:31 And he said, Leave us not, I pray thee; forasmuch as thou knowest how we are to encamp in the wilderness, and thou mayest be to us instead of eyes. eyes: Job 29:15 Ps 32:8 1Co 12:14-21 Ga 6:2 MOSES REPEATS HIS APPEAL FOR HOBAB'S ASSISTANCE Then he said, "Please do not leave us, inasmuch as you know where we should camp in the wilderness, and you will be as eyes for us - Moses recognized Hobab had "wilderness wisdom," which would be beneficial to Israel on their journey. Clearly the LORD was still the one leading the nation, but Hobab would give Israel assistance in wilderness living. As
Números 10
Guzik - As they begin the journey to the Promised Land, they were guided by God’s presence—and not by themselves. They followed the cloud no matter where God led them. If they were to camp in a rough place, they did it. If they were told to go on from a comfortable place, they did it. They allowed themselves to be guided by God, not by their own desire for comfort and ease. Guzik on rise up - The idea was simple: “God, go before us and take care of our enemies. It’s too dangerous ahead unless You do so!” What a fitting prayer for every believer to pray! God has things before us, places to lead us—shouldn’t we pray this same prayer? Isn’t this a fitting prayer also by which to remember the glory and strength of our resurrected Lord? When Jesus rose up, were not all His enemies scattered? Who dared oppose Him? Is not all our victory found in His risen glory? Merrill writes that Arise "is a frequent battle cry (von Rad 1966b:109–15, 123), picturing the Lord as seated on his throne/chariot, the Ark, and arising to ride it into battle. (CBC) Harrison - Moses uttered this prayer on the first leg of the journey from Sinai. It became a classic prayer, used, it seems, each time the ark went out (cf. Ps 68:1; 132:8; II Chr 6:41, 42).Moses also spoke for (in behalf of) the time of its resting (Num 10:36). The prayer eloquently teaches the effective working relationship between God and the Church Militant. He goes before her, and the gates of hell cannot prevail against her. He abides in her midst and she is strengthened and becomes a great host. (Ibid) Merrill - The first leg of the journey from Sinai lasted three days. The travel was undertaken only in the daylight hours; at night the cloud and the ark rested along with the people. As an indication of the warlike nature of the journey, a foretaste no doubt of the military conquest which lay ahead, Moses would lead the people in a battle cry in which the presence and conquering power of the LORD were invoked (v. 35; cf. Ps. 68:1). When the day’s march was over he would entreat the LORD to abide among His people through the night. (BKC) NET Note - These two formulaic prayers were offered by Moses at the beginning and at the end of the journeys. They prayed for the LORD to fight ahead of the nation when it was on the move, and to protect them when they camped. The theme of the first is found in Ps 68:1. The prayers reflect the true mentality of holy war, that it was the LORD who fought for Israel and defended her. The prayers have been included in the prayer book for synagogue services. And let Your enemies be scattered -
Números 10
Guzik - God sometimes tells us to move on, sometimes tells us to “camp out”—either is fine when we are guided by His presence.