Lucas 22
David Guzik · Citado em PreceptAustin
Lucas 22
Guzik - One may also think about Satan’s motive. The death of Jesus on the cross was the great defeat of Satan; why did the devil steer things towards that course? Yet, Satan is not all-knowing; perhaps he did not know how these events would turn against him. Nevertheless, Satan knows the Bible, so he should have known.. A better explanation is the fact that Satan is not all-wise; even if he did know that the death of Jesus would crush his head, his hatred got the best of him. Since Satan is the great deceiver, he has no doubt deceived himself – and may actually believe that he could or can win over Jesus.
Lucas 22
Guzik writes "Others think the name Iscariot is linked to the word sicarius, meaning “assassin” – a connection to the Jewish zealots who carried out underground warfare against the Roman occupiers." (I think this supposition while intriguing is unlikely). Belonging to the number of the twelve ("one of the twelve" mentioned in all 4 Gospels = Lk 22:47, Mt 26:14, 47, Mk 14:10, 43, Jn 6:71) - The related phrase ("one of the twelve") is used of only one other disciple, Thomas, called Didymus (Jn 20:24). There were apparently more disciples of Jesus than the inner circle of 12 (cf "seventy other" in Lk 10:1+), so the fact that Judas was in this inner circle giving him close continual contact with Christ makes his treacherous betrayal all the more despicable, unimaginable and inconceivable! Since Judas was one "of the twelve," he clearly had exposure to light that only a few humans have had (really just the other 11 disciples). To sin against such light is all the more heinous. But even worse is that sin against such light results in a far greater degree of eternal punishment for Judas! (cf Chorazin, et al Lk 10:13-15-note, Mt 11:21-24). Indeed, Jesus declared "The Son of Man is to go, just as it is written of Him; but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would have been good for that man if he had not been born." (Mt 26:24) Double woe!
Lucas 22
Guzik says "God would use the wicked works of Judas to further His eternal plan. This was the appointed time for Jesus to go to the cross, but before Judas’ treachery the religious leaders did not intend to do it at the time out of a fear of the people." Matthew shows the idea of "blood money" was Judas' idea for he asked the leaders “What are you willing to give me to betray Him to you?” And they weighed out thirty pieces of silver to him." (Mt 26:15). Agreed to give him money - They gave Judas 30 pieces of silver, "Blood money" in exchange for the incalculably priceless blood of the Lamb of God, the Redeemer of the world!
Lucas 22
Guzik - This was a passionate moment for Jesus. It wasn’t so much that He was saying goodbye to His disciples, as much as now He arrived at the central reason why He came to man: to institute a new covenant with men, based on His own sacrifice. This was not the beginning of the end; it was the beginning of the beginning. (Enduring Word Bible Commentary – Luke) Arnold Fruchtenbaum - Jesus has come to the upper room to share the Passover with the apostles, and it is just after sunset on the evening of Passover. He makes a statement about this which is easy to overlook, but is a very powerful statement of what is about to transpire. Jesus states that He has desired to eat THIS Passover with His apostles before He is to suffer. This Passover is the fulfillment of Passover. (Life of Messiah) John
Lucas 22
Guzik comments that "The idea of being called benefactors is really the idea of getting credit. Many people only will serve if they can be assured of getting proper credit." Life Application Bible Commentary – The world's system of leadership varies greatly from leadership in God's kingdom. Worldly leaders are often selfish and arrogant as they claw their way to the top. Benefactor was a title used in the Greek and Roman societies for princes, Roman emperors, and the gods. It was a reciprocal relationship in that the clients who received support from the benefactors were required to recognize their authority and give public adulation to the benefactor. But among Christians, the leader is to be the one who serves best. There are different styles of leadership—some lead through public speaking, some through administering, some through relationships. Whatever the style, every Christian leader needs a servant's heart. (See Life Application New Testament Commentary) Gentiles (nations) (1484)(ethnos gives us our word "ethnic") in general refers to a multitude (especially persons) associated with one another, living together, united in kinship, culture or traditions and summed up by the words nation, Gentiles (especially when ethnos is plural), people (much like "people groups" in our modern missionary vernacular). Luke's uses of Gentiles in his Gospel -Lk. 2:32; Lk. 7:5; Lk. 12:30; Lk. 18:32; Lk. 21:10; Lk. 21:24; Lk. 21:25; Lk. 22:25; Lk. 23:2; Lk. 24:47; Lord over (master) (2961)(kurieuo from noun kurios = master - power of control rather than physical strength) means to rule or have dominion over and speaks of individuals who exercise authority or have control over others (Lk 22:25, Ro 14:9, 2 Co 1:24). Scripture personifies various things which control human life including law (Ro 7:1), Sin (Ro 6:14) and death (Ro 6:9). The present tense speaks of continual exercise of lordship of kings over their subjects. Have authority (1850)(exousiazo from exousia = the right and the might) means to exercise authority over others. The idea is that one who has the right or power and thus is able to do with something or someone as he sees fit. In 1 Co. 6:12+ it refers to Christians giving up their rights. Although "all things are lawful," there are limitations, so that what is possible, is not necessarily best. Gilbrant adds that "If the Christian is free to do all things, he is still not free to sin. Limitations to a Christian's liberty are set by consequences and what is right." Exousiazo is used two other times in the NT 1 Co. 6:12+ All things are lawful for me, but not all things are profitable. All things are lawful for me, but I will not be mastered by anything. 1 Co. 7:4+ "The wife does not have authority over her own body, but the husband does; and likewise also the husband does not have authority over his own body, but the wife does."
Lucas 22
Guzik - The world regards the one who is served as greater, but Jesus showed us that true greatness is in serving, more than in being served. Cultures have always envied the person whom others serve. In ancient China, rich people sometimes grew long, long fingernails, so long they could do nothing for themselves – and this was seen as a sign of status.. But the people who are really great in our lives are the servants. If the President took a month off, no one would really miss it; but if all the trash collectors in the country took the month off, we would notice. Jesus is trying to re-arrange our thinking, our priorities. (Enduring Word Bible Commentary) But is a term of contrast. Again Jesus is contrasting the world's depiction of greatness with God's definition of greatness. The way up in God's kingdom is down.
Lucas 22
Guzik has a practical comment - Living as a servant really is the best way to live. We are no longer concerned for our own honor and credit; we don’t walk around with hurt feelings and disappointed expectations, because all we want to do is to serve. We can always do what we want to do, because we can always serve somehow. (Enduring Word Bible Commentary ) Luke 22:28 "You are those who have stood by Me in My trials; KJV Luke 22:28 Ye are they which have continued with me in my temptations. Mt 19:28,29; 24:13; John 6:67,68; 8:31; Acts 1:25; Hebrews 2:18; 4:15 Luke 22 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries FAITHFULNESS IN SPITE OF FAILURES You are those who have stood by Me in My trials (cf Lk 9:58) - What is Jesus affirming? The faithfulness of His men (cf Paul's call to the type of men Timothy was to seek out in 2 Ti 2:2+ = "entrust these [truth Paul taught Timothy] to faithful men who will be able to teach others also."). Presumably Judas had already gone off into the night into the power of darkness ultimately heading for eternal darkness! Don't miss what Jesus is teaching here - as His disciples we all fail just like the first 11 failed, but in spite of their failures Jesus says He will honor their faithfulness, and He will honor our faithfulness in spite of our failures. When we fail (which we will) we need to arise and go to Jesus and confess our failure and accept His amazing mercy and forgiveness. The writer of Proverbs says "He who conceals his transgressions will not prosper, but he who confesses and forsakes them will find compassion (mercy)." (Pr 28:13+) Have stood (continued) (1265)(diameno from dia = intensifies meaning + meno = to remain or abide) means to remain permanently (dia = through so "to remain through" is the idea) or to continue in the same place or condition (cf Lk 1:22+). When diameno is used to describe people as in this passage it means to remain constant or to stand by. The perfect tense signifies they had begun in the past to stand with Jesus and remained standing with Him. This is interesting in that they would soon temporarily flee out of fear of the authorities, but they would return and remain standing, tradition recording that all except John doing so to the point of martyrdom. Are you standing with Christ? Of course ultimately we can stand with Him because His Spirit in us enables us to stan. Jude writes "Now to Him Who is able to keep you from stumbling, and to make you stand in the presence of His glory blameless with great joy." (Jude 1:24+) In John 6 we see a contrasting response among those who followed Jesus As a result of this many of His disciples withdrew and were not walking with Him anymore. 67 So Jesus said to the twelve, “You do not want to go away also, do you?” 68 Simon Peter (WHO DENIED HIM TEMPORARILY) answered Him, “Lord, to whom shall we go? You have words of eternal life.(John 6:66-68). Trials (Temptations) (3986)(peirasmos from peirazo = to make trial of, try, tempt, prove in either a good or bad sense - classic Greek of a medical test to prove health or disease. See also Detzler) describes first the idea of putting to the test and then refers to the tests or pressures that come in order to discover a person’s nature or the quality of some thing. The key to accurately interpreting the meaning of peirasmos is to carefully examine the context to see if the effect of the peirasmos is to lead one into sin (then it is translation "temptation") or for a beneficial effect (then it is usually translated "trial"). Context is the key.
Lucas 22
Guzik - Being a servant does not mean that we are unrewarded. Quite the opposite; God’s greatest servants receive the greatest rewards. But a great servant does not serve for the sake of reward, but for the sake of God’s glory. (Enduring Word Bible Commentary ) Has granted...I grant (1303)(diatithemi from dia = through or as an intensive, root meaning = "two" + tithemi = to place or put) properly means, to place apart, to set in order, to arrange. If one considers the root meaning of dia ("two"), then the definition could be rendered "to place between two" as a covenant which is something that is placed between two, an arrangement between two parties. This verb is used in the NT only in the middle voice.
Lucas 22
Guzik - Relying on how you feel at the moment is not a stable foundation. Peter felt brave at the moment, but would soon be intimidated before a humble servant girl, and deny to her that he even knew Jesus.ii. “It is sometimes easier to bear a great load for Christ than a small one. Some of us could be martyrs at the stake more easily that confessors among sneering neighbors.” (Maclaren) Lord (master, owner)(2962)(kurios) primarily means the possessor, owner, master, the supreme one, one who is sovereign (used this way of Roman emperors - Act 25:26) and possesses absolute authority, absolute ownership and uncontested power. Notice Peter in on breath calls Him "Lord," but in a moment of weakness he denies He is His Lord! O, the waffling weakness of our fallen flesh! With You I am ready to go both to prison and to death - This claim would soon be tested and found wanting. Why? Because Jesus would now not be "with him." Peter's theology is good up to a point -- when we recognize and rely on the truth of "with You," that He is with us, in us, for us, before us, behind us, etc, we can stand against the temptation of the Tempter. While we must still make the personal, volitional choice to "stand firm," it is the Spirit of Jesus in us Who enables us to do so, giving us not only the power but also the desire (cf Php 2:13NLT+). Ready (2092)(hetoimos from an old noun heteos = fitness) means ready, prepared, in a state of readiness. The modern idiom "Ready, Willing, and Able," aptly describes Peter's self-confidence. As believers we are not to walk the talk depending on our self-confidence but in Spirit dependence on the Spirit (cf Gal 5:16+)! John
Lucas 22
Guzik - Jesus did not mean, two swords will be enough to battle the crowd that comes to arrest Me....It seems that the disciples didn’t understand what would happen in the next several hours. Later Christians also did not understand what Jesus meant here. “In his notorious papal bull Unam Sanctum, Boniface VIII (A.D. 1302) built on this text his doctrine that the Pope has the right to exercise secular as well as spiritual autocratic rule over mankind – the two swords, he said, are the spiritual sword and the secular sword.” (Geldenhuys) (WOW! TALK ABOUT SPIRITUALIZING A PASSAGE TO JUSTIFY YOUR ACTIONS! CORRUPT!) Leon
Lucas 22
Guzik - A sinless man battled Satan, sin, self, and temptation in a garden and lost – saying, “My will not Yours, be done” and the loss impacted all mankind. The second Sinless Man battled Satan, sin, self, and temptation in another garden and won – saying, “Not My will, but Yours, be done” – and its impact touches people from every tribe and tongue.
Lucas 22
Guzik writes that "In response to Jesus’ prayers, the Father did not take the cup from Jesus; but He strengthened Jesus by angelic messengers to be able to take – and drink – the cup." John Trapp said that Jesus received this, “To show that he had been made himself lower than the angels, Hebrews 2:7, he received comfort from an angel that was his servant.” Strengthening Him - Once again we see the emphasis on Jesus' humanity. The omnipotent God Who had flung the stars into the heavens was in need of strengthening as the humble Man. The writer of Hebrews applies this truth explaining that Jesus understands our needs when we are being tempted... Hebrews 2:18+ For since He Himself was tempted in that which He has suffered, He is able to come to the aid (to come running on hearing our cry for help - are you too proud to cry out?) of those who are (continually being) tempted. Hebrews 4:15-16+ For we do not have a high priest who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but One who has been tempted in all things as we are, yet without sin. Therefore (term of conclusion) let us draw near with confidence to the throne of grace, so that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need. Strengthening (1765)(enischuo from en = in + ischuo = to strengthen) used only here and Acts 9:19 ("he took food and was strengthened") and means to be strong in anything, to be invigorated, become strong. Its basic meaning is “to grow strong, to regain one’s strength” as when Jacob, who was sick, strengthened himself to meet Joseph and his two sons who came to visit him (Genesis 48:2). Cleon Rogers says "The strengthening role of the angel is like that of a trainer who readies the athlete." Gilbrant - The verb enischuō may be used both transitively and intransitively. Transitively it means “to give strength, strengthen” as in Luke 22:43 where an angel came to Jesus, strengthening Him. Intransitively the word means “to receive strength, to be strengthened, to grow strong.” Enischuo - 64x in 62v in the Septuagint - Gen. 12:10; Gen. 32:28; Gen. 33:14; Gen. 43:1; Gen. 47:4; Gen. 47:13; Gen. 48:2; Deut. 32:43; Jdg. 1:28; Jdg. 3:12; Jdg. 5:10; Jdg. 5:12; Jdg. 5:14; Jdg. 9:24; Jdg. 16:28; Jdg. 20:22; 2 Sam. 16:21; 2 Sam. 22:40; 2 Ki. 12:8; 2 Ki. 25:3; 1 Chr. 4:23; 1 Chr. 15:21; 1 Chr. 19:13; 2 Chr. 1:1; 2 Chr. 24:13; Ezr. 1:6; Ezr. 9:12; Neh. 10:29; Ps. 147:13; Isa. 33:23; Isa. 41:10; Isa. 42:6; Isa. 57:10; Jer. 6:1; Jer. 9:3; Ezek. 27:9; Ezek. 30:25; Ezek. 34:4; Ezek. 34:16; Dan. 6:7; Dan. 10:18; Dan. 10:19; Dan. 11:1; Dan. 11:5; Hos. 10:11; Hos. 12:3; Hos. 12:4; Joel 3:16; 2 Samuel 22:40 "For You have girded (Hebrew = azar = gird, encompass, equip; Lxx - enischuo) me with strength for battle; You have subdued under me those who rose up against me Psalm 147:13 For He has strengthened the bars of your gates; He has blessed your sons within you. (Psa 147:13 NAU) Isaiah 41:10 ‘Do not fear, for I am with you; Do not anxiously look about you, for I am your God. I will strengthen you, surely I will help you, Surely I will uphold you with My righteous right hand.’ While NT believers are unlikely to see a visible angel, the Scripture is clear that they are still actively involved in our salvation, the writer of Hebrews recording a rhetorical question (about angels)... Are they not all ministering spirits, sent out to render service for the sake of those who will inherit salvation? (Hebrews 1:14+) Comment: The writer of Hebrews later says that some have "entertained angels without knowing it," a truth which he says should motivate us to "not neglect to show hospitality to strangers." (Heb 13:2+).
Lucas 22
Guzik writes "Of course, Jesus knew the irony of being betrayed with a warm greeting; so He essentially asked Judas “are you so dead to all feeling that you can kiss and betray?” Judas is a good example of a seared conscience." NET Note - Judas' act of betrayal when he kissed Jesus is especially sinister when it is realized that it was common in the culture of the times for a disciple to kiss his master/rabbi/teacher when greeting him. William
Lucas 22
Guzik - With one sword, Peter was willing to take on a small army of men, yet he couldn’t pray with Jesus for one hour. Prayer is the best work we can do, and often the most difficult. With his sword, Peter accomplished very little. He only cut off one ear, and really just made a mess that Jesus had to clean up by healing the severed ear (Luke 22:51). When Peter moved in the power of the world, he only cut off ears. But when he was filled with the Spirit, using the Word of God, Peter pierced hearts for God’s glory (Acts 2:37). And one of them struck the slave of the high priest - John 18:10 says the one who struck the slave was Simon Peter and that the slave of the high priest was named Malchus. In Lk 22:38 the disciples had told Jesus they had two swords, and it comes as no surprise that Peter had one of them! John in fact substantiates this premise with the phrase "Simon Peter then having a sword." So Peter impulsively reached and drew out his sword and cut off the ear. There was an old western (1957-1963) with a hero named Paladin whose calling card (See Pix) said "Have gun. Will travel!" Peter was an ancient version of "Palladin" whose "calling card" was "Have knife. Will cut!" Perhaps Peter wanted to fulfill his promise to defend Jesus at all costs having previously declared "Even if I have to die with You, I will not deny You.” (Mt 26:35). Cut off his right ear - Luke the physician tells us it was the right ear which was cut off (as did John in Jn 18:10). Typical physician! (I am one so I know we are a bit obsessive-compulsive!) Imagine the quick violent motion of Peter's arm shooting out toward Malchus' head (most likely to cut his head off) and just clipping off his ear. We'll have to wait to heaven to ask Peter if we was going for a warning shot or a fatal blow, but praise God, Jehovah Rapha was at His side. Otherwise, Peter may have also been taken into custody and who would have preached the powerful Pentecostal sermon in Acts 2:14-41?
Lucas 22
Guzik comments on the fact that Peter was sitting among them - Finding warmth around their fire and hoping to blend in, Peter put himself among the servants of those who arrested and persecuted Jesus. Having forsaken the fellowship of the fleeing disciples, Peter did not – at this time – want to be identified as a follower of Jesus. Vance Havner - Between Two Fires And when they had kindled a fire... Peter sat down among them. Luke 22:55. As soon as they were come to land, they saw a fire of coals there. John 21:9. Peter warmed himself at the enemy's fire—and denied His Lord. The devil always has a convenient fire for saints who are about to slip. Taking it easy is often the prelude to backsliding. Comfort precedes collapse. Days later, Peter warmed at another fire, the coals His Master had kindled on the beach. There he met the question, "Lovest thou me?" and received the commission, "Feed my sheep." Many Christians are living in an interim between Satan's Fire and the Saviour's Fire. If you have fallen because you warmed yourself when you should have warned yourself, the Lord seeks an interview. Peter, the backslider, was marked Special: "Go tell his disciples and Peter (Mk. 16:7). He does not want to fire you out but to fire you up! If you have collapsed at Satan's Fire, you may be converted at the Saviour's Fire. Do not live "between fires." Luke 22:56 And a servant-girl, seeing him as he sat in the firelight and looking intently at him, said, "This man was with Him too." BGT Luke 22:56 ἰδοῦσα δὲ αὐτὸν παιδίσκη τις καθήμενον πρὸς τὸ φῶς καὶ ἀτενίσασα αὐτῷ εἶπεν· καὶ οὗτος σὺν αὐτῷ ἦν. KJV Luke 22:56 But a certain maid beheld him as he sat by the fire, and earnestly looked upon him, and said, This man was also with him. NET Luke 22:56 Then a slave girl, seeing him as he sat in the firelight, stared at him and said, "This man was with him too!" CSB Luke 22:56 When a servant saw him sitting in the firelight, and looked closely at him, she said, "This man was with Him too." ESV Luke 22:56 Then a servant girl, seeing him as he sat in the light and looking closely at him, said, "This man also was with him." NIV Luke 22:56 A servant girl saw him seated there in the firelight. She looked closely at him and said, "This man was with him." NLT Luke 22:56 A servant girl noticed him in the firelight and began staring at him. Finally she said, "This man was one of Jesus' followers!" NRS Luke 22:56 Then a servant-girl, seeing him in the firelight, stared at him and said, "This man also was with him." YLT Luke 22:56 and a certain maid having seen him sitting at the light, and having earnestly looked at him, she said, 'And this one was with him!' GWN Luke 22:56 A female servant saw him as he sat facing the glow of the fire. She stared at him and said, "This man was with Jesus." NKJ Luke 22:56 And a certain servant girl, seeing him as he sat by the fire, looked intently at him and said, "This man was also with Him." NAB Luke 22:56 When a maid saw him seated in the light, she looked intently at him and said, "This man too was with him." MIT Luke 22:56 By the light of the fire a female slave saw him sitting there. She looked intently at him and exclaimed, "This man also was with him!" NJB Luke 22:56 and as he was sitting there by the blaze a servant-girl saw him, peered at him, and said, 'This man was with him too.' ASV Luke 22:56 And a certain maid seeing him as he sat in the light of the fire, and looking stedfastly upon him, said, This man also was with him. DBY Luke 22:56 And a certain maid, having seen him sitting by the light, and having fixed her eyes upon him, said, And this man was with him. BBE Luke 22:56 And a certain woman-servant, seeing him in the light of the fire, and looking at him with attention, said, This man was with him. NIRV Luke 22:56 A female servant saw him sitting there in the firelight. She looked closely at him. Then she said, "This man was with Jesus." RSV Luke 22:56 Then a maid, seeing him as he sat in the light and gazing at him, said, "This man also was with him." RWB Luke 22:56 But a certain maid beheld him as he sat by the fire, and earnestly looked upon him, and said, This man was also with him. WEB Luke 22:56 But a certain maid beheld him as he sat by the fire, and earnestly looked upon him, and said, This man was also with him. BYZ Luke 22:56 Ἰδοῦσα δὲ αὐτὸν παιδίσκη τις καθήμενον πρὸς τὸ φῶς, καὶ ἀτενίσασα αὐτῷ, εἶπεν, Καὶ οὗτος σὺν αὐτῷ ἦν. And a servant-girl Mt 26:69; Mark 14:6,17, Mk 14:66-68; John 18:17 Luke 22 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Excellent Diagram/Map of Jesus' Arrest, Trial and Crucifixion PETER'S FIRST ACCUSATION And a servant-girl - Mk 14:66 adds that she was "one of the servant-girls of the high priest" and John 18:17 says she was "the slave-girl who kept the door." So presumably she saw Peter when he entered Caiaphas, the high priest's, quarters. Servant-girl (3814)(paidiske diminutive of pais = a girl, youth) refers to a young girl or maiden. In NT refers to a slave girl or female slave. This very word is used 6 times (see uses below) in the Septuagint translation of Genesis 16 to refer to Hagar.) Paidiske - 14x in 12v - bondwoman(5), servant-girl(4), servant-girls(1), slave-girl(2), slaves*(1), women(1). Matt. 26:69; Mk. 14:66; Mk. 14:69; Lk. 12:45; Lk. 22:56; Jn. 18:17; Acts 12:13; Acts 16:16; Gal. 4:22; Gal. 4:23; Gal. 4:30; Gal. 4:31 Seeing him as he sat in the firelight and looking (staring) intently at him - The full moon and the light of the fire (see note regarding Mark's use of phos normally translated "light") would have made it relatively easy to see Peter's face. Mark 14:67 says the servant-girl "looked at him," where the verb "looked" is not atenizo but emblepo which describes attentively looking at Peter's face, fixing her gaze on him with an intense gaze. Looking intently (816)(atenizo from from atenes = strained, intent which in turn is from a = intensifies + teino = to stretch, to extend or to strain all of which help to paint a picture of the meaning of atenizo) means to look intently, to fix one's gaze on something, to stare at something, to gaze earnestly, to look straight at something, to fasten one's eyes upon. This man was with Him too - Matthew 26:69 records that "You too were with Jesus the Galilean.” Mark 14:67 records "You also were with Jesus the Nazarene." Mt 26:69 (FIRST ACCUSATION) Now Peter was sitting outside in the courtyard, and a servant-girl came to him and said, “You too were with Jesus the Galilean.” Mk 14:66-67 (FIRST ACCUSATION) As Peter was below in the courtyard, one of the servant-girls of the high priest came,and seeing Peter warming himself, she looked at him and said, “You also were with Jesus the Nazarene.” Comment: To refer to Jesus as a Nazarene was a reference to His hometown, which communicated a general contempt for the poor reputation of Nazareth. Jn 18:17 (FIRST ACCUSATION) Then the slave-girl who kept the door said to Peter, “You are not also one of this man’s disciples, are you?” (FIRST DENIAL) He said, “I am not.” Luke 22:57 But he denied it, saying, "Woman, I do not know Him." KJV Luke 22:57 And he denied him, saying, Woman, I know him not. But he denied it Luke 22:33,34; 12:9; Mt 10:33; 26:70; John 18:25,27; Acts 3:13,14,19; 2 Ti 2:10-12; 1 Jn 1:9 Luke 22 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Excellent Diagram/Map of Jesus' Arrest, Trial and Crucifixion PETER'S FIRST DENIAL But he denied (arneomai) it, saying, "Woman, I do not know Him" - Peter emphatically disclaimed any association with Jesus. Note that he was not being rude by saying "Woman," for that was a polite form of address like our "Madam" or "Ma'am." Jesus used this designation of His mother Mary while on the cross John 19:26+ recording "When Jesus then saw His mother, and the disciple whom He loved standing nearby, He *said to His mother, “Woman, behold, your son!”." (What did Jesus mean when He said, “Woman, behold your son") Deny is the exact opposite of to confess. Scripture teaches we are to confess Christ (Ro 10:9-10+) and to deny self (Lk 9:23+ also uses arneomai), but here Peter does essentially just the opposite, denying Christ in order to preserve self! Norman Crawford adds that "The denial of Peter in the courtyard coincided with the confession of Christ before His accusers. The perfect Servant witnessed a good confession in contrast to the denial of an imperfect one." (What the Bible Teaches: Luke ) Bible Knowledge Commentary explains comments on Mark's version “I neither know nor understand what you are talking about” (Mk 14:68) explaining that "His denial was a common Jewish legal expression, literally, "I neither know nor understand what you (emphatic) are saying." (See Bible Knowledge Commentary - Page 184) Adam