Jeremias 33
David Guzik · Citado em PreceptAustin
Jeremias 33
Guzik - God said of those who thought that Israel was cast off from His love or plan that they despised His people and therefore sinned. They denied that Israel continued as a nation, a collective people with whom God had a special plan and purpose, and a nation before them - not only before God, but also before the world. In the new covenant the purpose of God extends far beyond Israel but never forsakes Israel. Those who say God has cast them off and that He is finished with them as a nation commit the great sin of despising His people. Butler - The skeptics conclude that Israel will never revive. We have many of those today who believe Israel will be annihilated and pushed into the sea, but God’s word is firm and though present circumstances seem to favor the skeptics, God will accomplish His plan as He said!!! Jeremiah 33:25 "Thus says the LORD, 'If My covenant for day and night stand not, and the fixed patterns of heaven and earth I have not established JEHOVAH'S CLEAR REBUTTAL REGARDING ISRAEL'S REJECTION! KJV Thus saith the LORD; If my covenant be not with day and night, and if I have not appointed the ordinances of heaven and earth; NET But I, the LORD, make the following promise: I have made a covenant governing the coming of day and night. I have established the fixed laws governing heaven and earth. ESV Thus says the LORD: If I have not established my covenant with day and night and the fixed order of heaven and earth, NIV This is what the LORD says: 'If I have not established my covenant with day and night and the fixed laws of heaven and earth, NLT But this is what the LORD says: I would no more reject my people than I would change my laws that govern night and day, earth and sky. YLT Thus said Jehovah: If My covenant is not daily and nightly, The statutes of heaven and earth I have not appointed -- If - Introduces two conditions that must be fulfilled in order for Jehovah's word to Jacob and David. My covenant for day and night stand not (Jer 31:35-36; Ge 8:22; Ps 74:16-17) - The order of day and night continues without change. Guzik - For emphasis, God repeated the same figure used in Jeremiah 33:19-21 to communicate the permanence of the covenant. (Ref) The fixed patterns of heaven and earth I have not established - The heavenly bodies and earth continue in their orbits.
Jeremias 33
Guzik - God invited Jeremiah and all who heard to come to Him in faith-filled prayer, confident of His answer. This promise is especially remarkable considering the circumstances: enduring the terror of a siege (Ed: Not to mention Jeremiah's imprisonment!) and the soon fulfillment of promised judgment. As the judgment was even at the door, God spoke of word of hope and invitation and faith to Jeremiah and Jerusalem. (Jeremiah 33 Commentary) Mighty things (inaccessible things see below) - There is an ironic twist because the Hebrew word means "fortified" and we see Jehovah giving the one who calls on Him access to His divine plan (opening the fortified walls so to speak) at a time when Jerusalem's fortified walls were about to be overrun! Jehovah will tell him (us) things which are inaccessible, supernormal so to speak, beyond the grasp of normal human knowledge! The things He will tell are not natural known but supernaturally revealed. Warren
Jeremias 33
Guzik - The promises are stated in ways that include the nearer restoration under Nehemiah and Ezra, but are only truly fulfilled in the new covenant (Ed: Fully fulfilled to the house of Israel and the house of Judah [Jer 31:31-note] when the Messenger of the Covenant [Mal 3:1-note] Himself returns!). Feinberg - The word “health” ('arukah) in v.6 is literally “new flesh” (cf. Jer 8:22). In other words, the Exile will have a healing effect. The wounds of the nation will be bound up in peace and security. God will repair the losses and rebuild the land that had been destroyed. The restoration of Judah and Israel (Jer 30:7) must refer to the latter days because the captivity of Israel did not end after seventy years. Judah and Israel will be restored as the one kingdom they were before the division of the kingdom under Rehoboam. Health (0724)('arukah from arak = to be long but conveys the sense of restoring to soundness; wholeness) feminine noun meaning the healing of a wound, restoration, repair. The first use refers to a literal repair of the Temple (2Chr 24:13) and on the walls of Jerusalem (Neh 4:7). Here in Jeremiah 33:6 it refers to the rebuilding of Jerusalem’s walls that had been torn down. In Jeremiah 33:6 'arukah is translated in the Septuagint with the rare Greek noun sunoulosis (used only in Jer 33:6) which describes the healing of a wound or complete scar formation. 'Arukah is translated in NAS as health(3), recovery(1), repair(2). 2 Chronicles 24:13 So the workmen labored, and the repair work progressed in their hands, and they restored the house of God according to its specifications and strengthened it. Nehemiah 4:7 Now when Sanballat, Tobiah, the Arabs, the Ammonites and the Ashdodites heard that the repair of the walls of Jerusalem went on, and that the breaches began to be closed, they were very angry. Isaiah 58:8 "Then your light will break out like the dawn, And your recovery will speedily spring forth; And your righteousness will go before you; The glory of the LORD will be your rear guard. Jeremiah 8:22 Is there no balm in Gilead? Is there no physician there? Why then has not the health of the daughter of my people been restored? Jeremiah 30:17-see commentary 'For I will restore you to health (Lxx = iama = healing, remedy, means of healing - contrast use of iama in 2Chr 36:16!) And I will heal (rapha) you of your wounds,' declares the LORD, 'Because they have called you an outcast, saying: "It is Zion; no one cares for her."' Jeremiah 33:6 'Behold, I will bring to it health and healing, and I will heal them; and I will reveal to them an abundance of peace and truth. Healing (remedy) (04832)(marpe from rapha/rophe = to heal) means health, healing, a cure, a remedy. It can speak of restoration, cure or renewal. 2Chr 36:16 speaks figuratively of Judah's spiritual healing, which was no longer possible (same idea of spiritual healing in Jer 8:15, Jer 14:19, 33:6). God's Word brings health to one's body (Pr 4:22, cp Ps 107:20 where "healed" = rapha/rophe). Human words (pleasant, wise, faithful/trustworthy) bring healing (Pr 12:18, 16:24, 13:17). JFB - literally, the long linen bandage employed in dressing wounds. Here in Jer 33:6 marpe speaks of a future healing for the land of Israel when the LORD returns. The Septuagint translates marpe with the noun iama which means remedy or a means of healing. The irony is that marpe and iama were the exact words used in the condemnation of Judah in 2Chr 36:16 which describes Judah's hard heart that "continually mocked the messengers of God, despised His words and scoffed at His prophets, until the wrath of the LORD arose against His people, until there was no remedy (Heb = marpe; Greek = iama)." Judah rejected God's remedy for their sin sickness, but in His great lovingkindness and compassion (Jer 31:3-note), He will one day in the future bring supernatural healing to the reunited nation of Israel (cp "Judah...Israel" in Jer 33:7) I will heal them - This promise of healthcare from Jehovah Rapha, the Lord Who heals, is far superior to any governmental universal medical coverage! Contrast the healing given by the false prophets in Jer 6:14 (cp Jer 8:11) - “And they (Jer 6:13) have healed the brokenness of My people superficially, Saying, ‘Peace, peace,’ But there is no peace." In Jeremiah 8:15 (cp Jer 14:19, 8:22, 15:18, 30:13) the people lamented "We waited for peace, but no good came; For a time of healing (marpe), but behold, terror!" In a similar lament they cry "Have You completely rejected Judah? Or have You loathed Zion? Why have You stricken us so that we are beyond healing (marpe)? We waited for peace, but nothing good came; And for a time of healing (marpe), but behold, terror!" (Jeremiah 14:19) Heal (07495)(rapha/rophe) means to heal (both figuratively and literally), to make whole, to restore to normal (restore health), to cure, to repair. In 1Ki. 18:30 it refers to “repairing” the altar of the Jerusalem temple. Rapha in its participial form, rophe (meaning “one who heals”) is the Hebrew word used of physicians in Jeremiah 8:22 (cp Ge 50:2; 2Chr 16:12; Job 13:4). Butler - This restoration is yet to occur in many aspects, for it is the time when Christ will come back to earth to lead in the great restoration and its consequences. I will reveal to them an abundance of peace and truth - To them means to Israel. When? The ultimate fulfillment will be when the Messiah returns, the Prince of peace (Isaiah 9:6-note), He Who is filled with grace and truth (Jn 1:14-note, Jn 1:16-17-note). Jeremiah 33:7 'I will restore the fortunes of Judah and the fortunes of Israel and will rebuild them as they were at first. RESTORATION OF THE FORTUNES OF JUDAH AND ISRAEL KJV And I will cause the captivity of Judah and the captivity of Israel to return, and will build them, as at the first. NET I will restore Judah and Israel and will rebuild them as they were in days of old. ESV I will restore the fortunes of Judah and the fortunes of Israel, and rebuild them as they were at first. NIV I will bring Judah and Israel back from captivity {Or will restore the fortunes of Judah and Israel} and will rebuild them as they were before. NLT I will restore the fortunes of Judah and Israel and rebuild their towns. YLT And I have turned back the captivity of Judah, And the captivity of Israel, And I have built them as at the first, ASV And I will cause the captivity of Judah and the captivity of Israel to return, and will build them, as at the first. Restore the fortunes - See similar but more expanded discussion of this great OT theme here. This is a key phrase in Jeremiah 33! Jehovah the promise keeping God will restore the fortunes of Israel! A literal reading of this passage could not be much clearer beloved! God is NOT finished with Israel and you need to cast out any commentary (no matter how credentialed or erudite) that says the Promise Keeping God has cast off Israel! I will restore the fortunes (“turning back the captivity” or “turning back the turning”) is clearly a key phrase in Jeremiah 33 occurring 4x in 3 verses - Jer 33:7 (twice), Jer 33:11, Jer 33:26. This phrase is "previewed" in Jeremiah 29:14 and then is found at least once in ever chapter of the so-called "Book of Consolation" (Jeremiah 30-33) = Jer 30:3, Jer 30:18, Jer 31:23, Jer 32:44 The NET Note comments that restoration of fortunes of the nation of Israel "has been the emphasis on this section which is called by some commentators “The Book of Consolation.” Jeremiah’s emphasis up until Jeremiah 30–33 had been on judgment but he was also called to be the prophet of restoration (cf. Jer 1:10). Promises of restoration though rare up to this point have, however, occurred on occasion (see, e.g., Jer 3:18; Jer 23:5–7; Jer 24:6–7; Jer 29:10–14). (Bolding added) Judah and...Israel (cp Jer 30:3-note) - The united nation is depicted and specifically both are recipients of restoration of their fortunes. This has not definitely yet occurred in Israel's past history but will transpire when Messiah returns to rule (unless you hold the false notion that Jehovah is finished with Israel and these promises allegorically apply to the church!) Jamieson one of the more literal older commentaries remarks that "The specification both of "Judah" and "Israel" can only apply fully to the future restoration." (Ref) Clarke correctly interprets the timing of this restoration - This must respect the latter times, for the ten tribes did not return with the Jews at the termination of the seventy years. (Ref) David Guzik on restore the fortunes - This is a promise stated many times before and after in Jeremiah. Yet as this prophecy develops it seems clear that this return from captivity is later and greater than the relatively soon return from the Babylonian exile. This is especially indicated by the last words of this chapter, which tell us that in the latter days you will consider it (Jeremiah 30:24-note). Jeremiah here looked beyond his present day and near future to see the latter days. (Ref) Restore (turn back) (07725)(shub/sub) describes movement back to a point of departure. In Jer 30:3 shub is translated in the Septuagint (Lxx) with epistrepho which means to cause to return and in context ultimately a return to the original blessings Jehovah desired to pour on Israel if she had only been willing to love Him and keep the (Mosaic) covenant they had sworn they would keep. The phrase "restore your fortunes" is a Hebrew idiom (2 Hebrew words = shub shebuth) found over 20 times in the OT. In every usage Jehovah is the Subject, the One doing or carrying out the restoration. The recipient of the restoration is most often Israel (and Judah), but other recipients of restoration include Job, Moab, Ammon, Elam and Egypt. Deuteronomy 30:3 then the LORD your God will restore you from captivity, and have compassion on you, and will gather you again from all the peoples where the LORD your God has scattered you. Job 42:10 And the LORD restored the fortunes of Job when he prayed for his friends, and the LORD increased all that Job had twofold. Psalm 14:7 Oh, that the salvation of Israel would come out of Zion! When the LORD restores His captive people, Jacob will rejoice, Israel will be glad. Psalm 53:6 Oh, that the salvation of Israel would come out of Zion! When God restores His captive people, Let Jacob rejoice, let Israel be glad. Psalm 85:1 For the choir director. A Psalm of the sons of Korah. O Lord, Thou didst show favor to Thy land; Thou didst restore the captivity of Jacob. Psalm 126:1 A Song of Ascents. When the LORD brought back the captive ones of Zion, We were like those who dream. Psalm 126:4 Restore our captivity, O LORD, As the streams in the South. Jeremiah 29:14 (Read the preceding context Jer 29:11-13) ‘And I will be found by you,’ declares the LORD, ‘and I will restore your fortunes and will gather you from all the nations and from all the places where I have driven you,’ declares the LORD, ‘and I will bring you back to the place from where I sent you into exile.’