João 2

David Guzik · Citado em PreceptAustin

João 2

Guzik - Why did Mary ask Jesus to do something? Mary was no doubt earnestly anticipating Jesus’ day of demonstration, for it would be a day of vindication for her. Yet she would not force the issue, leaving the matter with Jesus. (John 2 Commentary) Leon

João 2

Guzik - This is the first of many stories suggesting that Jesus was always welcome among those having a good time. Jesus didn’t spoil the good time. (John 2 Commentary) Rod Mattoon - In this chapter we find the record of the first of 35 recorded miracles performed by the Lord Jesus Christ. It is the miracle of the turning of the water into wine. It is the day the water blushed! (Treasures from John) Hindson has an interesting preface noting that "In this chapter there are two events detailed which illustrate the emptiness and deficiency of Judaism. The empty water jars at the wedding feast describe the condition of Judaism in meeting the spiritual needs of the Jewish people. This emptiness is further described in the cleansing of the Temple, and Judaism is described as corrupt." (Online KJV Bible Commentary) After noting that many commentaries become very speculative on Jesus' miracle of water to wine Carson writes "Some control over the exegesis can be gained by observing three factors. First, this is the first of the signs John relates, and John himself insists that his purpose in recording these signs was to convince people that the Christ, the Son of God, is Jesus (cf. notes on 20:30–31). We shall not go far wrong in our understanding of these verses if we seek to discover how they breed faith in Jesus. Second, the fact that various theological themes are richly present should have little or no bearing on the value of the narrative as history (despite Brown, 1. 101). We have long eclipsed the day when we may allow ourselves to think that the only account that has any pretension of being of historical value is the one where the writer is theologically disinterested in what he or she is writing. More generally, cf. the Introduction, § III; and on the historical value of this story, cf. Stephen T. Davis (GP 6, pp. 419–442). Third, the obvious background is the Old Testament itself, mediated through first-century Judaism, if we may judge by the multiplication of relevant allusions in chs. 2–4." (BORROW The Gospel according to John) Thomas Constable makes the observation that "John's account of the beginning of Jesus' public ministry highlights the fact that Jesus replaced what was old with something new (cf. 2 Cor. 5:17). New wine replaced old water. Later a clean temple replaced a dirty one, a new birth replaced an old birth, living (flowing) water replaced well water, and new worship replaced old worship.The larger underlying theme continues to be the revelation of Jesus' identity. (Notes on the Bible) On the third day - There is likely no symbolic meaning in the third day, although there have been a variety of suggestions. "Day" is mentioned in John 1:29 (the second day in John's story of Jesus coming on the scene), Jn 1:35 (the third day), Jn 1:49 (the forth day). Toussaint - "It is obvious John is emphasizing the first week of Christ’s ministry. Just as the last days were crucial, so also the initial hours of the Lord’s earthly work were important. The first day is referred to in John 1:35+; the second is mentioned in Jn 1:43+; and the third day is seen in Jn 2:1." (The Significance of the First Sign in John's Gospel) Steven Cole thinks "“The third day” (Jn 2:1) probably refers to the third day after Jesus’ encounter with Nathanael (Jn 1:43)." MacArthur on the third day "The phrase the third day refers back to the call of Philip and Nathanael in the previous passage (1:43–51)is the last in a series of time indicators (cf. Jn 1:29, 35, 43) that suggest the events from John the Baptist’s interview with the Jewish authorities (Jn 1:19–28) to the wedding in Cana took place within the span of one week." (See John 1-11 MacArthur New Testament Commentary - scroll up and down for more text)

João 2

Guzik has an interesting thought (albeit a bit speculative) - According to John 2:1, this miracle happened on the third day. John is hinting at the idea that Jesus shows forth His glory on the third day, and that His disciples believe in Him when they see His glory. (John 2 Commentary) And His disciples believed (pisteuo) in Him - Notice the focus of the story shifts to the disciples, who were apparently the only ones who truly perceived the significance of this sign. Even the servants who knew water had been turned to wine did not fully comprehend the significance of the sign as pointing to Jesus as the Messiah. "Not everyone in the Gospel of John “saw” or understood who Jesus really was. Only those with special insight were able to perceive the manifestations of Jesus’ true self. When the Word became flesh and tented among humanity, not everyone perceived the glory (Jn 1:14) Those who perceived Jesus’ glory in this text (2:11) were “his disciples.”" (Borchert See John 1-11: An Exegetical and Theological Exposition scroll up and down for more text) This sign was faith strengthening, for John mentions that they had believed (at least Nathanael but presumably all 5 or they would not have given up everything and followed Him). Jesus had told Nathanael earlier "Because I said to you that I saw you under the fig tree, do you believe? You will see greater things than these.” (Jn 1:50+) Indeed John alludes to the significance of the signs of Jesus writing "Therefore many other signs Jesus also performed in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book; but these have been written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing you may have life in His name." (Jn 20:30-31) John

João 2

Guzik - The recorded words of Mary are few. However, it is good to pay attention to her words that are recorded, because they consistently glorify Jesus, not Mary herself. If only we would obey Mary’s direction, whatever He says to you, do it....Some traditions say that this was John’s wedding, and he left his bride at the altar after seeing this miracle. It’s a pleasant, but an unlikely story. Mormons take this idea an absurd step further declaring this is Jesus’ wedding. Of course, this is against the plain meaning of this passage and all of the gospel records of the life of Jesus. (John 2 Commentary) Barnhouse - To deliberately go through Mary to get to Jesus is to regard Jesus as hardhearted, and Mary as tenderhearted. This concept “is totally alien from the Bible. It comes from mother-son ideas prevalent in pagan religions.” Stanley Toussaint - It is quite clear Mary was expecting a miracle. It is true the Lord had not as yet performed any miracles, but she certainly had many evidences of His Supernatural character—His conception, the events surrounding His birth and presentation in the Temple (cf. Luke 2:8–38), and the incident in the Temple area when He was only twelve years old. Now His appearance with the disciples whom He had called would point to the beginning of His public ministry. Mary informed the Lord of the problem so He could supernaturally solve it. (The Significance of the First Sign in John's Gospel) Thomas

João 2

Guzik - The servants under the direction of Jesus were in a unique place of blessing for this miracle. Jesus wanted the cooperation of men in this miracle. He could have filled the pots Himself, or just as easily created the liquid in the pots. But He knew that if the servants shared in the work, then they also shared in the blessing. The servants did not do the miracle. Their efforts alone were completely insufficient. But because of their obedience to Jesus, they shared in the joy of the miracle. The servants were especially blessed because they obeyed without question, and to the fullest (they filled them up to the brim). This means that the miracle would be fulfilled in the greatest measure possible. If they were lazy and only filled the waterpots half full, there would have only been half as much wine. (John 2 Commentary) Toussaint points out the significance of the phrase filled them up to the brim - "This was important because it left no room for the addition of any solutions. Furthermore, these waterpots had been used for water so there would not have been any residue of grapes in them. There was no way, humanly speaking, in which the water could have been made to taste like wine." (The Significance of the First Sign in John's Gospel) Fill (1072)(gemizo) means filling a vessel with a solid object. To "put something into an object to the extent of its capacity (the procedure of filling)" (BDAG). To fill an object with something (Jn 2.7). Passive voice, be filled, become full (Mk 4.37). Mk 4:37; Mk 15:36; Lk 14:23; Lk 15:16; Jn 2:7; Jn 6:13; Rev 8:5; Rev 15:8 John 2:8 And He said to them, "Draw some out now and take it to the headwaiter." So they took it to him NET John 2:8 Then he told them, "Now draw some out and take it to the head steward," and they did. GNT John 2:8 καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς, Ἀντλήσατε νῦν καὶ φέρετε τῷ ἀρχιτρικλίνῳ· οἱ δὲ ἤνεγκαν. NLT John 2:8 he said, "Now dip some out, and take it to the master of ceremonies." So the servants followed his instructions. KJV John 2:8 And he saith unto them, Draw out now, and bear unto the governor of the feast. And they bare it. ESV John 2:8 And he said to them, "Now draw some out and take it to the master of the feast." So they took it. NIV John 2:8 Then he told them, "Now draw some out and take it to the master of the banquet." They did so, ASV John 2:8 And he saith unto them, Draw out now, and bear unto the ruler of the feast. And they bare it. CSB John 2:8 Then He said to them, "Now draw some out and take it to the chief servant." And they did. NKJ John 2:8 And He said to them, "Draw some out now, and take it to the master of the feast." And they took it. NRS John 2:8 He said to them, "Now draw some out, and take it to the chief steward." So they took it. YLT John 2:8 and he saith to them, 'Draw out, now, and bear to the director of the apartment;' and they bare. NAB John 2:8 Then he told them, "Draw some out now and take it to the headwaiter." So they took it. NJB John 2:8 Then he said to them, 'Draw some out now and take it to the president of the feast.' GWN John 2:8 Jesus said to them, "Pour some, and take it to the person in charge." The servers did as they were told. BBE John 2:8 Then he said to them, Now take some, and give it to the master of the feast. So they took it to him. Draw some: John 2:9 Pr 3:5,6 Ec 9:6 take it to the headwaiter: Ro 13:7 John 2 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE FAITH OF THE SERVANTS And He said to them, "Draw some out now and take it to the headwaiter" - Jesus issued two commands, first draw in the aorist imperative and then take in the present imperative. The headwaiter functioned as the superintendent of a banquet, like a toastmaster, master of the feast, or master of ceremonies. He was a steward responsible for managing the feast. Guzik - This took faith on behalf of the servants. Imagine how angry the master of the feast would be if they brought him water to taste! Yet in faith, they obeyed the word of Jesus. (John 2 Commentary) Headwaiter (755)(architriklinos from archi- = rank or degree + triklinos = three couches - tres = three + klinos = couch) means literally “ruler of a room with three couches.” The ruler of the feast who had oversight of entertainment, guests, food, etc. Zodhiates - The architríklinos, (so named because among the Romans, three couches were usually set around one square table in the dining room, the remaining fourth side of the table being left free for access by the servants - click picture below to enlarge) was required to remain strictly sober at all times as he directed the affairs of the feast, tasted the wine first lest the drunken guests thought they were drinking wine while they were drinking water. The Greeks called such a ruler sumposíarchos (the ruler of a sumpósion (4849), a drinking party or symposium) or trapezopoiós (the one who makes or arranges a trápeza (5132), a table or tables for eating). (Complete Word Study Dictionary – New Testament) Click for further explanation So they took it to him - Again note the unhestitating obedience of the servants. When we hesitate to obey, we are only one step away for overt disobedience. THOUGHT - Their obedience led to further service and opportunities. The same truth holds true for us. Faithfulness and obedience to Christ lead to future opportunities to demonstrate our faithfulness and love for Christ. It may also lead to greater responsibilities too. On the other hand, God can't use you if your water pots are empty. God uses people who work hard, are faithful, and obedient. Many preachers today have nothing to share with their people because they have not taken the time to fill their water pots. They have not taken the time to study God's Word. You can't give out what you don't have. Get into the Word and study it! (Rod Mattoon) John 2:9 When the headwaiter tasted the water which had become wine, and did not know where it came from (but the servants who had drawn the water knew), the headwaiter called the bridegroom NET John 2:9 When the head steward tasted the water that had been turned to wine, not knowing where it came from (though the servants who had drawn the water knew), he called the bridegroom GNT John 2:9 ὡς δὲ ἐγεύσατο ὁ ἀρχιτρίκλινος τὸ ὕδωρ οἶνον γεγενημένον καὶ οὐκ ᾔδει πόθεν ἐστίν, οἱ δὲ διάκονοι ᾔδεισαν οἱ ἠντληκότες τὸ ὕδωρ, φωνεῖ τὸν νυμφίον ὁ ἀρχιτρίκλινος NLT John 2:9 When the master of ceremonies tasted the water that was now wine, not knowing where it had come from (though, of course, the servants knew), he called the bridegroom over. KJV John 2:9 When the ruler of the feast had tasted the water that was made wine, and knew not whence it was: (but the servants which drew the water knew;) the governor of the feast called the bridegroom, ESV John 2:9 When the master of the feast tasted the water now become wine, and did not know where it came from (though the servants who had drawn the water knew), the master of the feast called the bridegroom NIV John 2:9 and the master of the banquet tasted the water that had been turned into wine. He did not realize where it had come from, though the servants who had drawn the water knew. Then he called the bridegroom aside ASV John 2:9 And when the ruler of the feast tasted the water now become wine, and knew not whence it was (but the servants that had drawn the water knew), the ruler of the feast calleth the bridegroom, CSB John 2:9 When the chief servant tasted the water (after it had become wine), he did not know where it came from-- though the servants who had drawn the water knew. He called the groom NKJ John 2:9 When the master of the feast had tasted the water that was made wine, and did not know where it came from (but the servants who had drawn the water knew), the master of the feast called the bridegroom. NRS John 2:9 When the steward tasted the water that had become wine, and did not know where it came from (though the servants who had drawn the water knew), the steward called the bridegroom YLT John 2:9 And as the director of the apartment tasted the water become wine, and knew not whence it is, (but the ministrants knew, who have drawn the water,) the director of the feast doth call the bridegroom, NAB John 2:9 And when the headwaiter tasted the water that had become wine, without knowing where it came from (although the servers who had drawn the water knew), the headwaiter called the bridegroom NJB John 2:9 They did this; the president tasted the water, and it had turned into wine. Having no idea where it came from -- though the servants who had drawn the water knew -- the president of the feast called the bridegroom GWN John 2:9 The person in charge tasted the water that had become wine. He didn't know where it had come from, although the servers who had poured the water knew. The person in charge called the groom BBE John 2:9 After tasting the water which had now become wine, the master of the feast (having no idea where it came from, though it was clear to the servants who took the water out) sent for the newly-married man, tasted the water which had become wine: Joh 4:46 but the servants who had drawn the water knew: Joh 7:17 Ps 119:100 John 2 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries OBEYING JESUS LEADS TO GREATER SPIRITUAL UNDERSTANDING When the headwaiter tasted the water which had become wine, and did not know where it came from - The “toastmaster” was astounded at the quality of the wine, which, unknown to him, had just been made from water by Jesus. THOUGHT - Christ was the One to work the miracle, yet the “servants” were the ones who seemed to do everything. They filled the waterpots, they drew off the wine, they bore it to the governor of the feast. There was no visible exhibition of putting forth of Divine power. Christ pronounced no magical formula: He did not even command the water to become wine. What was witnessed by the spectators was men at work, not God creating out of nothing. And all this speaks loudly to us. It was a parable in action. The means used were human, the result was seen to be Divine. This was Christ’s first miracle, and in it He shows us that God is pleased to use human instrumentality in performing the wonders of His grace. (EDITORIAL COMMENT: IN PERFORMANCE OF AN EVEN MORE AMAZING MIRACLE GOD IS PLEASED TO USED A SAVED SINNER TO SPEAK THE SAVING GOSPEL TO ANOTHER SINNER WHO IS SAVED AND THIS IS A FAR GREATER MIRACLE THAN EVEN THE ONE EXPERIENCED BY THESE WEDDING SERVANTS! WHAT A PRIVILEGE WE HAVE BEEN GIVEN. NO WONDER PAUL REPEATEDLY REFERRED TO HIMSELF A "THE BONDSERVANT OF CHRIST!" (Ro 1:1+, et al) (A W Pink) Rod Mattoon comments that "The governor was ignorant of the source of the wine. I'd rather be a servant and know the source of blessing, than a governor and not know the source. The Christian has more insight what will happen over the next thirty years than an unsaved congressman or United Nations member. We know that Christ is coming again and look forward to the fulfillment of Bible prophecy." These verses remind us of the pattern of this world. The world will offer its best first in order to hook us into its lifestyle, but later, we must taste the bitter dregs of a sinful lifestyle. The path of this world leads downhill. It leads to darkness. A sinful life goes from bad to worse. (Pr 4:19) On the other hand, what the Lord offers us gets better and better. The obedient Christian finds one blessing after another. Even in suffering, Christ comforts, encourages, and strengthens the believer by His Spirit and His grace. For the Christian, the best is yet to come. We have so much to look forward too. (Pr 4:18) (Ibid) But the servants who had drawn the water knew - There is a very important principle in this phrase. Obeying God is important so that we might have true understanding of God's Word. In John 7:17 Jesus said “If anyone is willing to do His will, he will know of the teaching, whether it is of God or whether I speak from Myself." If you want to be on the inside of what Jesus is doing, you need to come as a servant.

João 2

Guzik - When Jesus made wine, it was good wine. It doesn’t mean that it had a particularly high alcohol content, but that it was well-made wine. Some go to great lengths to show that what Jesus made here was really grape juice. While some find that line of thinking convincing, it is not the opinion of the author. Good wine is good wine, not good grape juice. It is true that wine in that day, as commonly served, had a much lower content of alcohol than modern wine. But it was still wine. (John 2 Commentary)

João 2

Guzik - This beginning of signs in the Gospel of John is a miracle of conversion, from the old ways of law, ceremony and purification to the new life of Jesus. How did Jesus actually do miracles? He did them in many different ways. Here, Jesus did not say a word or blink an eye. He merely exercised His will and the miracle was done. Moses turned water into blood, showing that the Law results in death (Exodus 7:17–21). But Jesus’ first miracle turned water into wine, showing the gladness and joy of His new work. This acts out what John said in John 1:17: For the law was given through Moses, but grace and truth came through Jesus Christ. We could say that the water is like a relationship with God under the Old Covenant, and the wine is like a relationship with God under the New Covenant. (John 2 Commentary) The wine was after the water, and the New Covenant is after the Old Covenant. The wine was from the water, and the New Covenant is from the Old Covenant The wine was and better than the water; and the New Covenant is better than the Old Covenant. Essentially the purpose of the first sign-miracle is the same for all the sign-miracles, namely, to reveal the person of Jesus. -- Stephen Kim, Bibliotheca Sacra, 2010 THE EPIPHANY OF JESUS' GLORY And manifested (phaneroo) His glory (doxa) - The verb is ephanerosen which gives us our word "epiphany."

João 2

Guzik says "This wasn’t necessarily a bad question. Anyone who drove out the merchants from the temple courts claimed the authority to do it. The Jews wanted to know if Jesus really had this authority. The problem is that they demanded a sign from Jesus to prove it." (John 2 Commentary)

João 2

Guzik - Who raised Jesus from the dead? Jesus says that He will raise Himself, despite the teachings of Jehovah’s Witnesses and others. This was a claim no mere man could make, a claim repeated dramatically in John 10:18 "No one has taken it (HIS LIFE) away from Me, but I lay it down on My own initiative. I have authority to lay it down, and I have authority to take it up again. This commandment I received from My Father.” (John 2 Commentary) J C Ryle on John 10:18 quoted by Guzik above - Both the expressions deserve particular notice, because many now-a-days assert that our Lord’s resurrection was owing to the operation of God the Father and of God the Holy Ghost, and that He did not rise by His own power. This is a dangerous heresy. That the Father and the Holy Ghost co-operated in the resurrection of our Lord’s body there can be no doubt. It is clearly taught in many places. But to say that our Lord did not raise his own body, is to contradict the text before us, and the other which has been already quoted. (John 2 Commentary) Morris on three days. In addition to referring to the temple of His body (John 2:21), there may be a parallel reference to the raising up of the future millennial temple (compare Hosea 6:2+). (BORROW The Gospel according to John) Once again John’s gospel supplements the other Gospels at this point by indicating that Jesus enigmatically referred to His resurrection. As with His usage of parables, Jesus’ cryptic statement most likely was designed to reveal the truth to His disciples but conceal its meaning from unbelievers who questioned Him. Later we read that this becomes Jesus' major mode of communication And the disciples came and said to Him, “Why do You speak to them in parables? Jesus answered them, “To you it has been granted to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it has not been granted. (Mt 13:10, 11+) Only after His resurrection, however, did the disciples understand the real significance of this statement (John 2:22). And Jesus' words would prove prophetic, for through His death and resurrection, Temple worship in Jerusalem would be destroyed (cf. Jn 4:21) but be revived in the hearts of all who compose His spiritual temple, the Church (Ep 2:19–22+, cf 1 Pe 2:4-8+). Destroy (3089)(luo) means to loose, release, dissolve, of the loosing of the component parts from one another and so “destroy” (cf. use for the breaking up of part of ship in Acts 27:41+). Luo can also be used of the dissolution of life, or killing. This word means to set free what is bound. In this passage it means to destroy, break up, tear down and is the same verb Peter uses to describe the destruction of creation as we know it writing "the day of the Lord will come like a thief, in which the heavens will pass away with a roar and the elements will be destroyed with intense heat, and the earth and its works will be burned up." (2 Pe 3:10+). John's uses of luo - Jn 1:27 ("untie" Jesus' sandal thong); Jn. 2:19; Jn. 5:18; Jn. 7:23; Jn. 10:35; Jn. 11:44; 1 Jn 3:8 ("The Son of God appeared for this purpose, to destroy the works of the devil."); Rev 1:5+ ("To Him who loves us and released us from our sins by His blood" Note breaking of the seals unleashes the wrath of God on earth, the tribulation); Rev 5:2+ (" “Who is worthy to open the book and to break its seals?” Answer? Jesus the Lamb slain!); Rev 9:14,15+; Rev. 20:3, 7+ ("Satan will be released from his prison") Paul uses luo figuratively to describe the breaking "down the barrier of the dividing wall” between Jews and Gentiles (Eph. 2:14+) Temple (sanctuary) (3485) see note below on naos. As in 1 Cor 3:16 "Do you not know that you are a temple (naos) of God and that the Spirit of God dwells in you?" J C Ryle on why Jesus answered the Jews with such a parabolic declaration - For one thing we must remark, it was a leading principle in our Lord’s dealings with men, not to force conviction on them, but to speak to them according to what He saw was the state of their hearts. He answered fools according to their folly. (Prov. 26:5.) If He had given the Jews a more direct reply, He knew that it would have brought His ministry to an abrupt end, and would have led to His being cut off before the time.—For another thing, we must remember, that however dark our Lord’s saying seemed when it was spoken, it did in effect tell the Jews of the greatest and most important sign which could be given them as a proof of His Messiahship. It told them of His future resurrection. It was equivalent to saying, “You ask me for a sign, and I will give you one. I will rise again from the dead the third day after my crucifixion. If I do not so rise from the dead, you need not believe that I am the Messiah. But if I do so rise, you will be without excuse if you do not believe on me.” In effect our Lord staked the truth of His mission on His resurrection. He did the same when He said that He would give the Jewish nation no sign but that of the prophet Jonas. (Matt. 12:39.) When the apostles began to preach, they continually referred the Jews to Christ’s resurrection as the proof of His Messiahship. And why did they do so?—One main reason was, because their Master had told the Jews, the first time He appeared in the temple, that the great sign they must look to was His own rising again from the dead. (John 2 Commentary) PURITY OF WORSHIP Jesus was zealous for the purity of worship—worship that he was going to make universally available through his death. Only by clarifying how the old system was intended could the new system have a place. Only by “destroying the temple” would Jesus be able to offer all believers personal access to God. Only by fulfilling the system of sacrifice could he become the perfect and final sacrifice for all mankind. The eventual destruction of the temple in 70 A.D. was the final evidence that the old system had been superseded by Jesus’ work on the cross and in the lives of those who believe in him. (LAC) John 2:20 The Jews then said, "It took forty-six years to build this temple, and will You raise it up in three days?" NET John 2:20 Then the Jewish leaders said to him, "This temple has been under construction for forty-six years, and are you going to raise it up in three days?" GNT John 2:20 εἶπαν οὖν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, Τεσσεράκοντα καὶ ἓξ ἔτεσιν οἰκοδομήθη ὁ ναὸς οὗτος, καὶ σὺ ἐν τρισὶν ἡμέραις ἐγερεῖς αὐτόν; NLT John 2:20 "What!" they exclaimed. "It has taken forty-six years to build this Temple, and you can rebuild it in three days?" KJV John 2:20 Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days? ESV John 2:20 The Jews then said, "It has taken forty-six years to build this temple, and will you raise it up in three days?" NIV John 2:20 The Jews replied, "It has taken forty-six years to build this temple, and you are going to raise it in three days?" ASV John 2:20 The Jews therefore said, Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou raise it up in three days? CSB John 2:20 Therefore the Jews said, "This sanctuary took 46 years to build, and will You raise it up in three days?" NKJ John 2:20 Then the Jews said, "It has taken forty-six years to build this temple, and will You raise it up in three days?" NRS John 2:20 The Jews then said, "This temple has been under construction for forty-six years, and will you raise it up in three days?" YLT John 2:20 The Jews, therefore, said, 'Forty and six years was this sanctuary building, and wilt thou in three days raise it up?' NAB John 2:20 The Jews said, "This temple has been under construction for forty-six years, and you will raise it up in three days?" NJB John 2:20 The Jews replied, 'It has taken forty-six years to build this Temple: are you going to raise it up again in three days?' GWN John 2:20 The Jews said, "It took forty-six years to build this temple. Do you really think you're going to rebuild it in three days?" BBE John 2:20 The Jews said, The building of this Temple took forty-six years; and you will put it up in three days! Forty-six. Ezr 5:16. temple. Mt 12:6. 26:61. three days. Ho 6:2. John 2 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE JEWS' EXPLODE WITH AN INCREDULOUS QUESTION The Jews then said, "It took forty-six years to build this temple (naos), and will You raise (egeiro) it up in three days?" - The response of the Jews indicates they interpreted Jesus' declaration literally and that He was speaking of the Temple of Herod. They were astounded that what had taken 46 years to build Jesus could accomplish in 3 days! Ok, we know you’re a carpenter…but 3 days? -- Brian Bell Josephus says that in the eighteenth year of Herod’s reign (Antiquities of the Jews 15.380), about 20–19 B.C., Herod the Great began a reconstruction and expansion on the Zerubbabel's temple, the second temple. "Herod had commenced its rebuilding partly to satisfy his lust for building, and partly in an attempt to stand well with his Jewish subjects, among whom he was very unpopular." (Morris) Josephus says that some 18,000 workmen were employed. The workers completed the main part of the project in 10 years, but other parts were still being constructed even at the time Jesus cleansed the temple. Interestingly, which the Temple was completed in about 63/64 AD, finishing touches were still being made at the time of its complete destruction by the Romans 70 AD. "The Jews by their rejection of Christ and their intransigence did indeed "destroy this temple," the literal temple. The Lord did not raise that one." (Phillips BORROW Exploring the Gospels. John) Today the famous “Wailing Wall” is built on part of the Herodian temple foundation. Bob

João 2

Guzik - Many believed in His name when they saw the signs: Jesus knew that this was thin, superficial belief. It wasn’t based on anything other than an admiration of the spectacular. Knowing this, Jesus did not commit Himself to them. “If belief is nothing more than admiration for the spectacular, it will create in multitudes applause; but the Son of God cannot commit Himself to that kind of faith.” (Morgan) (John 2 Commentary) It’s the Word pointing to the Person of Jesus Christ that produces genuine faith Jon Courson - There are those who seek miraculous proof that Jesus is real and that He loves them. They search for physical, material, or financial verification of His reality. But theirs is a flimsy, faulty faith built upon a sandbar foundation because, as we will see, Jesus is not committed to those who demand a sign. You see, the problem with signs is that they’re never enough. If you base your faith upon signs, you’ll always be upset by the one that didn’t happen—the prayer that wasn’t answered, the healing that didn’t come, the payment that didn’t arrive. That is why our faith must be built and based not upon what Jesus does, but upon who He is. Who He is as revealed in the Word. That is why Paul says faith comes by hearing and hearing by the Word of God (Romans 10:17). It’s the Word pointing to the Person of Jesus Christ that produces genuine faith. (See Jon Courson's Application Commentary scroll up and down for more comments) Reformation Study Bible note - In biblical times the "name" summed up a person's character, activity, and place in God's purpose. The faith of those mentioned here remained superficial, however, because they came to it only because "they saw the signs" (see Introduction: Interpretive Difficulties). For that reason, Jesus "did not entrust himself to them" (v. 24). 2:24, 25 Although Jesus did not exercise divine omniscience in the days of His flesh (11:34; Mark 13:32), He often displayed supernatural knowledge, important for His redemptive work, that indicated the divine endorsement of His claims and mission (1:48; Matt. 9:4; 17:27; Mark 11:2-4; 14:13-16). (Notes on John 2:23, John 2:24–25) Gerald Borchet on John 2:23-25 - This section opens with a verse that indicates many “believed into” (the literal rendering of episteusan eis) his name when they beheld the “signs” (sēmeia; plural) he was doing. The Greek expression pisteuein plus eis is normally used for authentic believing. But the next verse indicates that Jesus did not “believe” (a likely translation of episteuen plus the dative) them. Some scholars have puzzled over the two expressions and have sought to argue for a distinction between the two Greek expressions by suggesting that there are here two different types of believing envisaged. [Particularly see Zane Hodges, “Problem Passages in the Gospel of John. Part 2: Untrustworthy Believers—John 2:23–25, ” Bib 135 (1978): 249–50. ED: BUT SEE THE UNUSUAL TEACHINGS OF ZANE HODGES] But that is hardly the point. The real point is that Jesus did not believe their believing. For people who have been brought up on a regular evangelical dose of hearing that humans determine their own destinies and that people become Christians by their believing, it is indeed salutary to remember that Jesus had something to say about what is acceptable believing. Because Jesus knew (ginōskein) what human beings are like, he was not confused about what was authentic or unauthentic believing. (See John 1-11 - Page 168 - New American Commentary - scroll up and down to show more text) J