2 Crônicas 12
David Guzik · Citado em PreceptAustin
2 Crônicas 12
Guzik - These sins provoked the LORD to jealousy because they were essentially sins of idolatry. Israel turned their back on the God who loved and redeemed them, and like an unfaithful spouse, they pursued spiritual adultery with idols. (ED: See Israel the Wife of Jehovah) THOUGHT: What a contrast with 2Ch 11:1-23+ where Rehoboam and Judah obeyed the words of "the word of the LORD came to Shemaiah the man of God" (2Ch 11:2) declaring “You shall not go up or fight against your relatives" (2Ch 11:4) which resulted in blessing (2Ch 11:5-23), which obedience always does. Oh, may God's Spirit give us/me ears to truly hear and a heart to heed what I just wrote that we might receive a blessing from Jehovah! Sadly Rehoboam regressed and rebelled against the Word of the LORD, the writer of Kings recording the divine discipline for disobedience in the following passages... 1 Kings 14:25-28+ Now it happened in the fifth year of King Rehoboam, that Shishak the king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem. 26 He took away the treasures of the house of the LORD and the treasures of the king’s house, and he took everything, even taking all the shields of gold which Solomon had made. 27 So King Rehoboam made shields of bronze in their place (ED: GOLD GONE AND REPLACED BY LESSER VALUE BRONZE - BE CAREFUL IN DISOBEYING THE LORD LEST YOU SUFFER LOSS THAT CANNOT BE REGAINED!), and committed them to the care of the commanders of the guard who guarded the doorway of the king’s house. 28 Then it happened as often as the king entered the house of the LORD, that the guards would carry them and would bring them back into the guards’ room. Proverbs 8:13 The fear of the LORD is to hate evil; Pride and arrogance and the evil way And the perverted mouth, I hate. Proverbs 11:2 When pride comes, then comes dishonor, But with the humble is wisdom. Proverbs 16:18 Pride goes before destruction, And a haughty spirit before stumbling. Proverbs 29:23 A man’s pride will bring him low, But a humble spirit will obtain honor. J Barton Payne has an excellent analysis of the remainder of 2 Chronicles - The nineteen men and one woman who occupied David's throne from 930 to 586 b.c. ranged in character from the strongest and best to the weakest and worst. The fate of any nation is determined in large part by the caliber of its leadership, and this was markedly so in Israel, where God's intervening hand was more clearly manifest than elsewhere. The chronicler thus encourages the men of his day to consecration by demonstrating from God's miraculous past deliverances of Judah how "faith is the victory" that can overcome the world (2 Chr 20:20). Yet at the same time, and from the same historical data, he admonishes them against compromise with the world, against indifference to the Law, and against deviation from the Lord. For the fundamental pattern of Judah's history is one of religious deterioration. Sin becomes so ingrained that even a Josiah cannot reverse the downward trend: "The wrath of the Lord arose against his people, till there was no remedy" (36:16). God can cast off his people whom he foreknew! At points, 2 Chr 12:1-36:16 corresponds closely to 1 Kgs 14:22-2 Kgs 24:20. Much of the content of Kings, however, is omitted, e.g., the lives of the prophets, and, indeed, the whole history of northern Israel. But for Judah, the chronicler supplies thrilling examples of faith and of deliverance that are without parallel in the more summary account of Kings. (BORROW Wycliffe Bible Commentary ) Andrew Hill: Pharaoh Shishak or Sheshonq I was the founder of the Twenty-Second Dynasty, and he reunified Upper and Lower Egypt. He ruled from 945–924 B.C., and his campaign into Palestine takes place during the fifth year of Rehoboam (925 B.C.). His own account of the campaign is inscribed on the walls of the temple of Karnak, according to which he sweeps through Judah and Israel as far north as the Valley of Jezreel and Megiddo, capturing more than 150 towns and villages along the way. The Chronicler understands Shishak’s invasion of Judah as punishment for sin, in that Rehoboam and all Israel have “abandoned the law of the LORD” (12:1). By “all Israel” the Chronicler means all the Israelites living in Judah (the “true” Israel), whether from northern or southern Hebrew tribal stock. The Chronicler assigns this breach of Judah’s faithfulness to Yahweh and the Egyptian raid into Palestine a cause-and-effect relationship, a clear indication of his acknowledgment of the God of the Hebrews as the sovereign Lord of history (12:2). (See NIVAC Bundle 2: Historical Books) J.A. Thompson: The invasion of Shishak was, in the eyes of the Chronicler, retribution for Rehoboam's sin (11:14–16). Against such a foe Rehoboam's defenses were only a partial match. The account here in 2 Chronicles 12 is parallel to 1 Kgs 14:21–28 but owes something to a source that preserved some details of Shishak's invasion and the prophecy of Shemaiah (vv. 3–8, 12). It shows a concern for Judah's abandonment of the law of the Lord. The passage makes use of terms that are characteristic of the Chronicler's theology of divine retribution, namely, “forsake” or “abandon” (vv. 1, 5), “be unfaithful” (v. 2), and “humble oneself” (vv. 6–7, 12). The Shishak incident provided a model of the sort of thing that could happen again. (See 1, 2 Chronicles: An Exegetical and Theological Exposition) Martin Selman: Rehoboam’s unfaithfulness has two interesting analogies elsewhere in Chronicles. Firstly, the combination of his unfaithfulness (v. 2) with a failure to obey God’s word (v. 1) or to seek God’s will (v. 14), effectively makes him a second Saul (cf. 1 Ch. 10:13-14). Secondly, his pride in his own strength anticipates Uzziah’s downfall (2 Ch. 26:16). Both parallels strengthen the typical nature of Rehoboam’s sins. (BORROW 2 Chronicles : a commentary) Mark Boda: To his Persian-period audience, this story would have had heightened relevance. On the one hand, it encouraged repentance; on the other hand, it explained the purpose behind the despoiling and domination they had experienced by foreign rulers. The prophet’s statement revealed that foreign domination was not an eternal condition but has didactic purposes to teach Israel the advantage of serving their gracious God. Geoffrey Kirkland: We’ll see 3 most essential reminders for us in our lives as we walk with God as learn about Rehoboam’s Sin, God’s Holiness, Sin’s Consequences, and God’s Abundant Mercy. 1. Humbly Cling to Scripture (2Ch 12:1) 2. Frequently Consider Sin’s Consequences (2Ch 12:2-12) 3. Vigilantly Guard Your Heart (2Ch 12:13-16) God often shows us our weakness in the very place where we thought we were strongest. --Cyril Barber When - Note this key time phrase. What "time" is it describing? Clearly when Rehoboam was established and strong, which is the time when he (and all of us) was vulnerable (cf 1Co 10:12+). Cyril
2 Crônicas 12
Guzik - 1 Kings 10:16–17 mentions these 500 shields, 200 large and 300 small. These shields made beautiful displays in the House of the Forest of Lebanon, but they were of no use in battle. Gold was too heavy and too soft to be used as a metal for effective shields. This was an example of the emphasis of image over substance that began in the days of Solomon and worsened in the days of Rehoboam....According to Dilday, each large shield was worth about $120,000. The smaller shields were worth $30,000. $33 million was invested in gold ceremonial shields—and now in the hands of the Egyptians. J. Barton Payne: They wished to emphasize how far Rehoboam fell in a mere few years. He had inherited an empire; five years later, master of a small state, he could protect his capital itself only by denuding his palace of its treasures. Solomon’s court had despised silver; his son’s court had to be content with bronze! G. Campbell
2 Crônicas 12
Guzik has an interesting note - Many in sin humble themselves before God hoping that He will not humble them further. Nevertheless, God knows just how much humbling someone needs and if more is necessary, God will certainly bring it. Martin Selman - If God could show favour to a man such as Rehoboam, who typified the attitude which resulted in Judah’s eventual collapse, there was always hope for those who humbled themselves before God. Indeed, the interest in the people was surely a direct encouragement to the Chronicler’s contemporaries to seek God for themselves.” (BORROW 2 Chronicles : a commentary) Raymond Dillard: The Chronicler reiterates his conclusion that it was by humbling himself before the Lord that Rehoboam escaped (12:7), but he also adds the note that there was “some good” in Judah. The good is left undefined—it may have been the very acts of contrition themselves, the many faithful in the kingdom, the residual benefit of God’s promises to David, or simply the favor shown to his people Israel. (BORROW 2 Chronicles) Andrew Hill: The ambiguous phrase “there was some good in Judah” seems to look back to those three years when Rehoboam and Judah imitated the faithfulness of David and Solomon (esp. 11:13–17). . .The word “humbled himself” (Niphal of knʿ, 12:12) means to forsake one’s pride and yield in self-denying loyalty to God. This action appeases God’s wrath and spares Rehoboam and Judah from total destruction. God delivers on his promise to respond with forgiveness and healing to those who humble themselves before him in prayer (7:14). The message of “humbling oneself” before God and receiving forgiveness and healing remains pertinent for the Chronicler and his audience. This will become the gist of John the Baptist’s preaching (cf. Luke 3:2–9). 2 Chronicles 12:13 So King Rehoboam strengthened himself in Jerusalem and reigned. Now Rehoboam was forty-one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the LORD had chosen from all the tribes of Israel, to put His name there. And his mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonitess. for Rehoboam: 2Ch 13:7 1Ki 14:21 the city: 2Ch 6:6 Ps 48:1-3 78:68,69 to put: Ex 20:24 De 12:5,11 Eze 48:35 an Ammonitess: De 23:3 1Ki 11:1 Ne 13:1,26 Related Passages: 1 Kings 14:21 (Now Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah. Rehoboam was forty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the LORD had chosen from all the tribes of Israel to put His name there. And his mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonitess. Completion of Rehoboam’s Reign So King Rehoboam strengthened himself in Jerusalem and reigned - He had to hunker down in the capital city. As Payne says the writer of chronicles emphasizes "how far Rehoboam fell in a mere few years. He had inherited an empire; five years later, master of a small state, he could protect his capital itself only by denuding his palace of its treasures. Solomon’s court had despised silver; his son’s court had to be content with bronze!” Now Rehoboam was forty-one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem (930-913 BC), the city which the LORD had chosen from all the tribes of Israel, to put His name there. And his mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonitess. Cyril
2 Crônicas 12
Guzik - “As the first king of Judah, Rehoboam is an example of God’s dealings with David’s whole dynasty.” (Selman) Therefore, the following themes are seen in Chronicles’ description of Rehoboam: • Obedience to the prophetic word (2 Chronicles 11:1–4) • Strengthening the kingdom through building work (2 Chronicles 11:5–12) • Activities of priests, Levites, and those who seek God (2 Chronicles 11:13–17) • An expanding royal family (2 Chronicles 11:18–21) • Humble repentance (2 Chronicles 12:5–12) F B