1 Coríntios 10
David Guzik · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Coríntios 10
Guzik - Paul wrote about the need to finish what God has set before us, and how dangerous it is to refuse to give up something that gets in the way of finishing. Now, he will use Israel’s experience in the Exodus from Egypt to illustrate this principle. Unaware (not understand, uninformed, ignorant) (50) agnoeo from a = not + noeo = perceive, understand) not have information about, to not know, to not understand (Mk 9:32, Lk 9:45), to be unaware of, to not recognize (Ac 13:27), to be ignorant of (to lack information concerning something). Agnoeo conveys the nuance of lacking the ability to understand in He 5:2 and of inexcusable moral/ethical ignorance (even disregard) in Ro 10:3). Agnoeo in the Corinthian letters - 1 Co. 10:1; 1 Co. 12:1; 1 Co. 14:38; 2 Co. 1:8; 2 Co. 2:11; 2 Co. 6:9; Brethren (80) adelphos from a = denotes unity + delphus = a womb) literally means brother referring to a physical brother or figuratively can refer to a brother in the spiritual sense. Adelphos in the Corinthian letters - 1 Co. 1:1; 1 Co. 1:10; 1 Co. 1:11; 1 Co. 1:26; 1 Co. 2:1; 1 Co. 3:1; 1 Co. 4:6; 1 Co. 5:11; 1 Co. 6:5; 1 Co. 6:6; 1 Co. 6:8; 1 Co. 7:12; 1 Co. 7:14; 1 Co. 7:15; 1 Co. 7:24; 1 Co. 7:29; 1 Co. 8:11; 1 Co. 8:12; 1 Co. 8:13; 1 Co. 9:5; 1 Co. 10:1; 1 Co. 11:33; 1 Co. 12:1; 1 Co. 14:6; 1 Co. 14:20; 1 Co. 14:26; 1 Co. 14:39; 1 Co. 15:1; 1 Co. 15:6; 1 Co. 15:31; 1 Co. 15:50; 1 Co. 15:58; 1 Co. 16:11; 1 Co. 16:12; 1 Co. 16:15; 1 Co. 16:20; 2 Co. 1:1; 2 Co. 1:8; 2 Co. 2:13; 2 Co. 8:1; 2 Co. 8:18; 2 Co. 8:22; 2 Co. 8:23; 2 Co. 9:3; 2 Co. 9:5; 2 Co. 11:9; 2 Co. 12:18; 2 Co. 13:11 That our fathers - Fathers sounds like an unusual phrase to use. While there were clearly some Jewish believers in the church at Corinth, there were also many (probably most) Gentiles. So when Paul says our fathers, he is appealing to the Jewish patriarchs, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, men who he undoubtedly had taught to the Gentiles. And as his says in Galatians 3:29+ " And if you belong to Christ (A BELIEVER), then you are Abraham’s descendants, heirs according to promise." So in that sense the saved Gentiles at Corinth could relate to the fathers in the Old Testament. Paul expands the term fathers (who were not even alive at the time of the Exodus) to include all of the Israelites who came out of Egyptian bondage and passed through the Red Sea. It is important to not misunderstand Paul's use of Israel's exodus from Egypt as a picture of salvation, because that was not the case (most were not truly saved in a spiritual sense), but this was Paul's illustration of how God dealt with Israel and by extension with all men and ultimately it depicts the gracious character of God. Zodhiates on our fathers - The congregation in Corinth was a mixed congregation made up of Jews and Gentiles. The Lord Jesus speaks of the Jews as "your fathers," but never "our fathers," as the Apostle Paul did. In a sense, the Israelites were spiritual fathers not only to the Jews, but also to the Gentiles Were all under (hupo) the cloud and all passed through the sea- (cf Nu 9:15, 23+, Nu 14:14+; Dt. 1:33; Ps. 78:14+) This cloud is the Shekinah glory cloud. Note the adjectives ALL,is a KEY WORD in 1 Cor 10:1-4, occurring 5 times in the descriptions of the Israelites. Paul's point is that ALL the Israelites experienced the privileges he is describing in verses 1-4. Note that ALL was also used in 1 Cor 9:24+ "ALL run but one receives the prize" and 1 Cor 9:25+ "ALL who compete in the games exercise self-control in ALL things." all our fathers were under the cloud" (v. 1) "all passed through the sea" (v. 1) "all were baptized unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea" (see v. 2) "all did eat the same spiritual meat" (v. 3) "all did drink the same spiritual drink" (v. 4).
1 Coríntios 10
Guzik has an interesting comment - Since the Corinthian Christians tended to pride themselves on their “wisdom,” Paul challenges them – if they are truly wise – to carefully consider what he says here. Wise (prudent, shrewd) (5429) phronimos from phronéo = think, have a mindset > phren = diaphragm, regarded by ancients as seat of mental and spiritual activity, came to mean mind or understanding) is an adjective which describes one who is thoughtful, sagacious or discreet. It describes the quality of one's thinking which is the result of insight and stands in opposition to moros which means foolish. The idea is that there is understanding combined with wisdom and insight. Phronimos implies a cautious, sensible, prudent character and in Mt 10:16 refers to one as "shrewd" as a serpent. One who is shrewd has clever discerning awareness, acute perception and sharp powers of judgment. Phronimos also includes the ideas of one who is prudent, sensible and practically wise in relationships with others. There is a type of phronimos that is desirable (eg, here in Mt 7:24, 10:16, et al) and a type that is not desirable (Ro 11:26, 12:16) this latter describing the person who relies on their own innate wisdom. Phronimos - Matt. 7:24; Matt. 10:16; Matt. 24:45; Matt. 25:2; Matt. 25:4; Matt. 25:8; Matt. 25:9; Lk. 12:42; Lk. 16:8; Rom. 11:25; Rom. 12:16; 1 Co. 4:10; 1 Co. 10:15; 2 Co. 11:19 Judge (decide, determine, condemn)(2919) krino Eng = critic, critical = decisive point at which judgment is made) primarily signifies to distinguish, to decide between (in the sense of considering two or more things and reaching a decision), to make up one's mind, to separate, to discriminate. to distinguish between good and evil, right and wrong, without necessarily passing an adverse sentence, although that is often what is usually involved. Krino in the Corinthian letters - 1 Co. 2:2; 1 Co. 4:5; 1 Co. 5:3; 1 Co. 5:12; 1 Co. 5:13; 1 Co. 6:1; 1 Co. 6:2; 1 Co. 6:3; 1 Co. 6:6; 1 Co. 7:37; 1 Co. 10:15; 1 Co. 10:29; 1 Co. 11:13; 1 Co. 11:31; 1 Co. 11:32; 2 Co. 2:1; 2 Co. 5:14 1 Corinthians 10:16 Is not the cup of blessing which we bless a sharing in the blood of Christ? Is not the bread which we break a sharing in the body of Christ? Amplified The cup of blessing [of wine at the Lord’s Supper] upon which we ask [God’s] blessing, does it not mean [that in drinking it] we participate in and share a fellowship (a communion) in the blood of Christ (the Messiah)? The bread which we break, does it not mean [that in eating it] we participate NET 1 Corinthians 10:16 Is not the cup of blessing that we bless a sharing in the blood of Christ? Is not the bread that we break a sharing in the body of Christ? NLT 1 Corinthians 10:16 When we bless the cup at the Lord's Table, aren't we sharing in the blood of Christ? And when we break the bread, aren't we sharing in the body of Christ? ESV 1 Corinthians 10:16 The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? NIV 1 Corinthians 10:16 Is not the cup of thanksgiving for which we give thanks a participation in the blood of Christ? And is not the bread that we break a participation in the body of Christ? GNT 1 Corinthians 10:16 τὸ ποτήριον τῆς εὐλογίας ὃ εὐλογοῦμεν, οὐχὶ κοινωνία ἐστὶν τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ; τὸν ἄρτον ὃν κλῶμεν, οὐχὶ κοινωνία τοῦ σώματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐστιν; KJV 1 Corinthians 10:16 The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of Christ? YLT 1 Corinthians 10:16 The cup of the blessing that we bless -- is it not the fellowship of the blood of the Christ? the bread that we break -- is it not the fellowship of the body of the Christ? ASV 1 Corinthians 10:16 The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not a communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not a communion of the body of Christ? CSB 1 Corinthians 10:16 The cup of blessing that we give thanks for, is it not a sharing in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a sharing in the body of Christ? MIT 1 Corinthians 10:16 We have a cup of blessing with which we bless one another. Is not the cup a participation in the blood of Christ? Is not the bread we break a participation in the body of Christ? NKJ 1 Corinthians 10:16 The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of Christ? NRS 1 Corinthians 10:16 The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a sharing in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a sharing in the body of Christ? NAB 1 Corinthians 10:16 The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? NJB 1 Corinthians 10:16 The blessing-cup, which we bless, is it not a sharing in the blood of Christ; and the loaf of bread which we break, is it not a sharing in the body of Christ? GWN 1 Corinthians 10:16 When we bless the cup of blessing aren't we sharing in the blood of Christ? When we break the bread aren't we sharing in the body of Christ? BBE 1 Corinthians 10:16 The cup of blessing which we take, does it not give us a part in the blood of Christ? and is not the broken bread a taking part in the body of Christ? cup: 1Co 10:21 1 Cor 11:23-29 Mt 26:26-28 Mk 14:22-25 Lu 22:19-20 of the blood: 1Co 10:20 1:9 12:13 Joh 6:53-58 Heb 3:14 1Jn 1:3,7 The bread: 1Co 11:23,24 Ac 2:42,46 20:7,11 1 Corinthians 10 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: Luke 22:19-20+ And when He had taken some bread and given thanks, He broke it and gave it to them, saying, “This is My body which is given for you; do this in remembrance of Me.” 20 And in the same way He took the cup after they had eaten, saying, “This cup which is poured out for you is the new covenant in My blood. Mark 14:22-25+ While they were eating, He took some bread, and after a blessing He broke it, and gave it to them, and said, “Take it; this is My body.” 23And when He had taken a cup and given thanks, He gave it to them, and they all drank from it. 24 And He said to them, “This is My blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many. 25 “Truly I say to you, I will never again drink of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the (MILLENNIUAL) kingdom of God.” 1 Corinthians 11:23-29+ For I received from the Lord that which I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus in the night in which He was betrayed took bread; 24 and when He had given thanks, He broke it and said, “This is My body, which is for you; do this in remembrance of Me.” 25 In the same way He took the cup also after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in My blood; do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me.” 26 For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until He comes. CUP AND BREAD OF COMMUNION SHARING "MYSTICALLY" WITH CHRIST Is not the cup of blessing (eulogia) which we bless (eulogeo) a sharing (koinonia) in the blood of Christ (Christos)? - This cup of blessing refers to the drink which one takes in the Lord's Supper. Paul says when we do partake of this cup that is a sharing in the blood of Christ. The nature of that sharing (and the one when we take bread) is in some way (which we cannot fully comprehend in my opinion) a joining in fellowship and communion with the Lord, doing so that we might remember the Cross and look forward to His return ("the Lord’s death [CROSS] until He comes [COMING]"). Earlier Paul had described the saints fellowship writing "God is faithful, through Whom you were called into fellowship (koinonia) with His Son, Jesus Christ our Lord. (1 Cor 1:9+)