Lucas 21
Charles Spurgeon · Citado em PreceptAustin
Lucas 21
Spurgeon - That reward is a very poor one, and is soon over. To stand with a penny in one hand and a trumpet in the other is the posture of hypocrisy. “Glory of men ” is a thing which can be bought: but honor from God is a very different thing. We lose the approval of God when we seek the applause of men! Ouch! Mattoon - Have you ever gone to the mall, an airport, or a ball park, and watched the people walk back and forth from one place to another? I guess you call this "people watching." Watching what people do can be very entertaining. Some folks do funny things, some look very busy, and some have a "panic" look on their face. You can learn some things about people when they don't know they are being watched. In this portion of Scripture, Jesus was doing some "people watching" at the Temple and His attention was grabbed by someone He observed at the treasury. (Treasures from Luke) The rich (4145)(plousios from ploutos = wealth, abundance, riches) is an adjective which defines that which exists in a large amount with implication of its being valuable. Literally plousios refers to having an abundance of earthly possessions that exceeds normal experience. Although Jesus had been castigating Scribes and Pharisees, He actually does not identify these as either group, but only as the rich. Likewise, while we might suppose they were doing their giving for show, Jesus does not say that this was their motive. Yes, He had just finished issuing a series of "Woes" to the Scribes and Pharisees in Matthew 23:1-36, even saying in verse 5 that "they do all their deeds to be noticed by men." While one might postulate that is what these rich were doing, Jesus does not specifically say that in this section. Putting (906)(ballo) means they were throwing or casting their coins into the Temple treasury jars. This is an interesting picture - Luke uses the present tense which pictures continual casting of coins which
Lucas 21
Spurgeon - You need wisdom so to conduct your affairs that nothing therein shall scandalize the weak, or bring dishonor upon the name of Christ; for mere knowledge will not suffice for this. Luke records an example of the fulfillment of this promise Acts 6:9+ But some men from what was called the Synagogue of the Freedmen, including both Cyrenians and Alexandrians, and some from Cilicia and Asia, rose up and argued with Stephen.10 But they were unable to cope with the wisdom and the Spirit with which he was speaking. (See also Acts 4:8-12+ and Acts 5:29-32+) Which none of your opponents (antikeimai) will be able (dunamai) to resist (anthistemi) or refute (anteipon) - Why not? Because you will be supernaturally enabled by the Holy Spirit! They will not be able to stand against you. Peter gives an example of words the opponents could not resist or refute When they had brought them, they stood them before the Council. The high priest questioned them, saying, “We gave you strict orders not to continue teaching in this name, and yet, you have filled Jerusalem with your teaching and intend to bring this man’s blood upon us.” 29 But Peter and the apostles answered, “We must obey God rather than men. 30“The God of our fathers raised up Jesus, whom you had put to death by hanging Him on a cross. 31“He is the one whom God exalted to His right hand as a Prince and a Savior, to grant repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins. 32 “And we are witnesses of these things; and so is the Holy Spirit, whom God has given to those who obey Him.” (Acts 5:27-32+) Wisdom (4678)(sophia) is the ability to use knowledge for correct behavior. Wisdom is the application of truth to experience. It is the ability to apply truth to life that comes only from God (James 1:5; 3:15). Wisdom is insight into the true nature of things. Wisdom is the ability to see something from God’s viewpoint. Wisdom is “God’s character in the many practical affairs of life. Spiritual wisdom is godly wisdom (contrasted with worldly wisdom - Jas 3:13-18 and 1Cor 1:19 through 1Cor 2:13) and involves living life in the light of the revelation of God’s Will in His Word and applying this knowledge to specific situations. Biblical wisdom is definable as skill for living. Opponent (adversary, enemy, oppose) (480)(antikeimai from antí = against, opposite + keimai = to be placed, to lie or be laid down) means literally to line up against or to lie opposite to, be opposed, be hostile to. The enemy, opponent (Lk 13.17). Antikeimai means to be set over against, to be opposed or be in opposition and as noted below is often used as a "verbal noun" variously translated as opponent, enemy or adversary. Note that in the LXX (Zechariah 3:1), this verb is used to describe the opposition of the Adversary, Satan, and in the NT, is used to describe the opposition of Satan's man of lawlessness, the Antichrist (2 Thes 2:4) Be able (1410)(dunamai) speaks of inherent power to accomplish a task. Their "task" will be to try to refute the Christian witness of the disciples and they will be unable to do so! Christ plus one is always a "majority!" Resist (cope with) (436)(anthistemi from anti = against + histemi = to cause to stand) is literally to stand or set against. To set one's self against. To withstand. Anthistemi means to arrange in battle against and so pictures a face to face confrontation. It means to set one's self against, to stand firm against someone else's onset, to oppose (place opposite or against), to resist by actively opposing pressure or power, to withstand (oppose with firm determination). It involves not only a psychological attitude but also a corresponding behavior. It was used to refer to an army arranging in battle against the enemy force and so to array against. Refute (471)(anteipon from anti = against + épō = to say) to gainsay, contradict means to speak against (only twice - Lk 21:15, Acts 4:14). Anteipon - 30x in 29v. Ge 24:50; Ge 44:16; Jos. 17:14; Esther 1:17; Esther 8:8; Job 9:3; Job 20:2; Job 23:13; Job 32:1; Isa. 10:14; Isa. 22:22; Isa. 50:5; Isa. 65:2; Hos. 4:4 Luke 21:16 "But you will be betrayed even by parents and brothers and relatives and friends, and they will put some of you to death, BGT Luke 21:16 παραδοθήσεσθε δὲ καὶ ὑπὸ γονέων καὶ ἀδελφῶν καὶ συγγενῶν καὶ φίλων, καὶ θανατώσουσιν ἐξ ὑμῶν, KJV Luke 21:16 And ye shall be betrayed both by parents, and brethren, and kinsfolks, and friends; and some of you shall they cause to be put to death. NET Luke 21:16 You will be betrayed even by parents, brothers, relatives, and friends, and they will have some of you put to death. CSB Luke 21:16 You will even be betrayed by parents, brothers, relatives, and friends. They will kill some of you. ESV Luke 21:16 You will be delivered up even by parents and brothers and relatives and friends, and some of you they will put to death. NIV Luke 21:16 You will be betrayed even by parents, brothers, relatives and friends, and they will put some of you to death. NLT Luke 21:16 Even those closest to you-- your parents, brothers, relatives, and friends-- will betray you. They will even kill some of you. NRS Luke 21:16 You will be betrayed even by parents and brothers, by relatives and friends; and they will put some of you to death. YLT Luke 21:16 'And ye shall be delivered up also by parents, and brothers, and kindred, and friends, and they shall put of you to death; you will be betrayed even by parents and brothers and relatives and friends Jeremiah 9:4; 12:6; Micah 7:5,6; Mt 10:21; Mark 13:12 and they will put some of you to death Acts 7:59; 12:2; 26:10,11; Revelation 2:13; 6:9; 12:11 Luke 21 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Luke 21:5-24 Staying Sane When the Whole World Goes Crazy - Steven Cole Luke 21:12-19 The Persecution and Endurance of Christians, Part 1 - John MacArthur Luke 21:12-19 The Persecution and Endurance of Christians, Part 2 - John MacArthur BETRAYAL BY THE CLOSEST RELATIONSHIPS But you will be betrayed (paradidomi) even by parents and brothers and relatives and friends and they will put some of you to death,- Remember that Jesus is speaking to His disciples, warning them of the difficult times they would soon experience when He was gone. Jesus had given a similar teaching earlier in Luke... “Do you suppose that I came to grant peace on earth? I tell you, no, but rather division; 52 for from now on five members in one household will be divided, three against two and two against three. 53 “They will be divided, father against son and son against father, mother against daughter and daughter against mother, mother-in-law against daughter-in-law and daughter-in-law against mother-in-law.” (Lk 12:51-53+) And they will put some of you to death (thanatoo) - As with Jesus, so it will be that some of His disciples would "follow in His steps" (1 Pe 2:21+). Some (not "all") indicates that this will not be the normal experience for all disciples. Luke describes some of the deaths of disciples in Acts Acts 7:58+ (STEPHEN) When they had driven him out of the city, they began stoning him; and the witnesses laid aside their robes at the feet of a young man named Saul. 59 They went on stoning Stephen as he called on the Lord and said, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit!” 60 Then falling on his knees, he cried out with a loud voice, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them!” (GOD ANSWERED THIS PRAYER WHEN HE SAVED SAUL!) Having said this, he fell asleep. (8:1) Saul was in hearty agreement with putting him to death. And on that day a great persecution began against the church in Jerusalem, and they were all scattered throughout the regions of Judea and Samaria, except the apostles. Comment: Spirit filled Stephen gave a "testimony" that no one could resist or refute (Lk 21:15), including the Christ hater Saul, who was present at his stoning and who soon became a Christ lover! Acts 12:1-2+ (JAMES) Now about that time Herod the king laid hands on some who belonged to the church in order to mistreat them (CAUSE THEM INJURY). And he had James the brother of John put to death with a sword. Acts 26:10-11+ (SAUL BEFORE HE WAS CONVERTED) “And this is just what I did in Jerusalem; not only did I lock up many of the saints in prisons, having received authority from the chief priests, but also when they were being put to death I cast my vote against them. And as I punished them often in all the synagogues, I tried to force them to blaspheme; and being furiously enraged at them, I kept pursuing them even to foreign cities. Will be betrayed (delivered up) (3860) (paradidomi from para = alongside, beside, to the side of, over to + didomi = to give) conveys the basic meaning of to give over from one's hand to someone or something, especially to give over to the power of another. To betray means to to hand over, to expose or deliver to an enemy by treachery Put...to death (2289)(thanatoo from thanatos = death) means literally to kill, to cause to be put to death, to mortify, to give up to death, to condemn to death or to deliver over to death. This verb describes what the Jews sought to do to Jesus and eventually accomplished (see Mt 26:59, Mt 27:1, Mk 13:12). Luke 21:17 and you will be hated by all because of My name. KJV Luke 21:17 And ye shall be hated of all men for my name's sake. you will be hated by all Mt 10:22; 24:9; Mark 13:13; John 7:7; 15:19; 17:14 because of My name Luke 6:22; Mt 5:11; John 15:21; Acts 9:16; 2 Corinthians 4:5,11; 12:10; Philippians 1:29; 1 Peter 4:14; Revelation 2:3 Luke 21 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Luke 21:5-24 Staying Sane When the Whole World Goes Crazy - Steven Cole Luke 21:12-19 The Persecution and Endurance of Christians, Part 1 - John MacArthur Luke 21:12-19 The Persecution and Endurance of Christians, Part 2 - John MacArthur GENERAL HATRED OF ALL CHRIST'S FOLLOWERS And you will be hated by all because of My name - All is not used in the absolute sense (all with no exceptions) but refers to the general reaction of unbelievers of all classe toward believers. This is one of those promises you probably won't find in a collection of "God's Promises!" MacArthur "Some believers live lives of almost constant conflict with the world, while others seem to escape it entirely. Some Christians are not persecuted simply because their testimony is so weak it goes unnoticed by the world. When biblical doctrine and standards are compromised to accommodate fallen human nature, society has little argument with that kind of Christianity and will give little opposition to Christians. But to confront the world as Paul did with the declaration that "the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who suppress the truth in unrighteousness" (Ro 1:18) is to guarantee society's wrath against the gospel and those who preach it....false religion reacts against believers because it is generated by Satan. Government reacts against believers because it is under the control of the prince of the power of the air, the ruler of this world. Ungodly families and society react against believers because they cannot tolerate righteous people in their midst. (MacArthur New Testament Commentary – Matthew) If you name the Name of Jesus, you are not in a special club which relatively "few who find it" (Mt 7:13-14-note), and which those who do not enter love to hate, because they hate the Name of Jesus. John 15:18-21 “If the world hates you, you know that it has hated Me before it hated you. 19 “If you were of the world, the world would love its own; but because you are not of the world, but I chose you out of the world, because of this the world hates you. 20 “Remember the word that I said to you, ‘A slave is not greater than his master.’ If they persecuted Me, they will also persecute you; if they kept My word, they will keep yours also. 21 “But all these things they will do to you for My name’s sake, because they do not know the One who sent Me John 17:14 “I have given them Your word; and the world has hated them, because they are not of the world, even as I am not of the world. John
Lucas 21
Spurgeon writes that "The figure of redemption is very simple, and has been very frequently used in Scripture. When a prisoner has been taken captive, and has been made a slave by some barbarous power, it has been usual, before he could be set free, that a ransom price should be paid down. Now, we being, by the fall of Adam, prone to guiltiness, and, indeed, virtually guilty, we were by the irreproachable judgment of God given up to the vengeance of the law; we were given into the hands of justice; justice claimed us to be his bond slaves for ever, unless we could pay a ransom, whereby our souls could be redeemed. We were, indeed, poor as owlets, we had not wherewith to bless ourselves. We were, as our hymn hath worded it, "bankrupt debtors;" an execution was put into our house; all we had was sold; we were left naked, and poor, and miserable, and we could by no means find a ransom; it was just then that Christ stepped in, stood sponsor for us, and, in the room and stead of all believers, did pay the ransom price, that we might in that hour be delivered from the curse of the law and the vengeance of God, and go our way, clean, free, justified by his blood. (Spurgeon's sermon Justification by Grace) J C
Lucas 21
Spurgeon writes "A short life should be wisely spent. We have not enough time at our disposal to justify us in misspending a single quarter of an hour. Neither are we sure of enough life to justify us in procrastinating for a moment. If we were wise in heart we should see this, but mere head wisdom will not guide us aright." See his full note on Ps 90:12+) See article on Redeem the Time or watch the youtube video of talk I gave to men's group. The hearts of all followers of Christ are always in danger of becoming "sleepy" regarding the Second Coming of Christ. In fact Jesus' command in Lk 21:36 could be rendered "Stay awake!" The idea of being (passive voice = by outside forces = dissipation, drunkenness, worries) weighed down means to be burdened, oppressed, depressed, dejected. To be too much to cope with. One becomes pressed down as if with a weight and in such a state one's mind loses its alertness. Then Jesus mentions three sins which can weigh down one's mind. The NLT has an interesting paraphrase translating bareo as not to let one's heart "be dulled." "Watch out! Don't let your hearts be dulled by carousing and drunkenness, and by the worries of this life. Don't let that day catch you unaware, 35 like a trap. For that day will come upon everyone living on the earth. (Luke 21:34 NLT) Given the danger of a slow "leakage" of "eternal vision" from our hearts which would cause us to become "sleepy" regarding the day of days, Paul, in a letter addressed to relatively new believers, writes words of warning and encouragement... But you, brethren, are not in darkness, that the day would overtake you like a thief (COMPARE "SUDDENLY LIKE A TRAP"); 5 for you are all sons of light and sons of day. We are not of night nor of darkness; 6 so then let us not sleep as others do, but let us be alert and sober. 7 For those who sleep do their sleeping at night, and those who get drunk get drunk at night. 8 But since we are of the day, let us be sober, having put on the breastplate of faith and love, and as a helmet, the hope of salvation. 9 For God has not destined us for wrath, but for obtaining salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ, 10 Who died for us, so that whether we are awake or asleep, we will live together with Him. 11 Therefore encourage (present imperative) one another and build up (present imperative) one another, just as you also are doing. (1 Th 5:4-11+) Have you ever heard the medical term veisalgia a synonym for hangover and derived from Norwegian: kveis, "discomfort following overindulgence", plus Greek: álgos, "pain." Now that's a word that gives a vivid "word picture!" See depictions - The Day After, Self-portrait, "The Day After". MacArthur gives brief overview of "the vile behavior that accompanies it has been a problem throughout history. After the flood Noah “became drunk, and uncovered himself inside his tent” (Gen. 9:21). Nabal, whose name means “foolish,” lived up to his name (1 Sam. 25:25) by getting drunk at a feast after scorning and turning away David’s messengers (v. 36). While Elah, king of the northern kingdom of Israel, “was at Tirzah drinking himself drunk in the house of Arza, who was over the household at Tirzah [1 Kings 16:9] ... Zimri went in and struck him and put him to death ... and became king in his place” (v. 10; cf. 20:16). Shockingly, some of the Corinthians actually got drunk at the Lord’s Supper (1 Cor. 11:21). The Bible repeatedly warns against drunkenness (Rom. 13:13; 1 Cor. 5:11; 6:10; Gal. 5:21; Eph. 5:18; 1 Peter 4:3).(See Luke Commentary) The related verb methusko is used in Paul's great passage regarding what one should be "drunk" with, commanding (first negative, then positive) "And do not get drunk (present imperative with a negative) with wine, for that is dissipation, but be filled (pleroo in the present imperative) with the Spirit," (Eph 5:18). By extension, beloved believer, do not be intoxicated by the enticements of this passing world, but instead be invigorated by the enlightenment of the Word of Truth regarding the eternal world to come. Jesus' big point here is that if disciples are not alert for His appearing and instead become too absorbed in the cares of everyday life, their senses will be dulled to eternal things, especially the need to be looking frequently for Him and living faithfully for Him. As noted elsewhere, frequent looking energizes faithful living! Are you looking for Him. Is the cry of your heart Maranatha (Come Lord)? In Romans 13 Paul clearly links holy looking with holy living writing (carefully observe the many time sensitive words or phrases - in green font)... Do this (WHAT? cf Ro 13:10), knowing the time, that it is already the hour for you to awaken from sleep; for now salvation is nearer to us than when we believed. 12 The night is almost gone, and the day is near. Therefore let us lay aside the deeds of darkness and put on the armor of light. 13 Let us behave properly as in the day, not in carousing and drunkenness (CF "DISSIPATION AND DRUNKENNESS" in Lk 21:34), not in sexual promiscuity and sensuality, not in strife and jealousy. 14 But put on (aorist imperative - Do this now! Do not delay! With a sense of urgency!) the Lord Jesus Christ (CLOTHE YOURSELVES WITH "GARMENTS BY JESUS!" SPEAKING AND WALKING LIKE HE WOULD, DOING SO BY THE POWER OF HIS SPIRIT - see The Holy Spirit-Walking Like Jesus Walked!), and make no provision (present imperative with a negative = EITHER STOP DOING THIS OR DO NOT BEGIN) for the flesh in regard to its lusts. (Romans 13:11-14+) John links hoping with living See how great a love the Father has bestowed on us, that we would be called children of God; and such we are. For this reason the world does not know us, because it did not know Him. 2+ Beloved, now we are children of God, and it has not appeared as yet what we will be. We know that when He appears, we will be like Him, because we will see Him just as He is. 3+ And everyone who has this hope (THAT WE WILL BE LIKE HIM) fixed on Him purifies (present tense = lifestyle, active voice = volitional choice) himself, just as He is pure. (1 John 3:1-3+) 1 John 3:1 What We Are 1 John 3:2: What We Shall Be 1 John 3:3 What We Should Do Comment: Note that the Greek word for hope (elpis) in the NT is not the lost world's version of hope which is a "hope so," but instead speaks of a "hope sure." In other words, the believer's hope is the absolute certainty that God will do good to us in the future. The consummate hope of course is the certainty that we will see Jesus and we will be like Him forever! This is good news of our great hope which motivates godly living for the glory of our gracious God. Let it be so Lord. Amen. And that day will not come on you suddenly (aiphnidios) like a trap (pagis) - What day Jesus is describing? Clearly in context, it is the day of His return (cf Lk 21:27 - cp Second Coming). That day will be a shock to all who are thinking of the earth as their permanent dwelling place (even though they know no one escapes death). This certainty should not motivate us to gloat, but to speak the Gospel, to warn the lost and tell them they can be "found" by believing in Jesus! “Go therefore and make disciples (aorist imperative - Do this now! Do not delay! With a sense of urgency!) of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I commanded you; and lo, I am with you always (NOW HIS SPIRIT INDWELLS AND EMPOWERS US!), even to the end of the age.” (Mt 28:19-20+) Stephen Olford on like a trap (pagis) - Godet and Alexander Maclaren...point out that the image here is of an individual who hunts birds for sport. The fowler walks out into a field, hides behind a tree or rock, and watches as the birds come down to feed. At first they are alert, but, sensing no danger, they become absorbed in picking up the grain. Suddenly the fowler lifts his net and with one quick stroke swoops down to trap his bird. That is the picture behind that word snare. Now you might also interpret this day as the day Jesus comes to rapture His church. However, given the fact that Jesus has referred to His return in glory, it is most reasonable to interpret this day as the day of His Second Coming. Also the next verse describes this day coming upon all who dwell on the face of the earth which would indicate the day does not refer to the Rapture but to His Second Coming when every eye will see Him (Rev 1:7+). That said, if you are one who believes in a "Pre-Tribulation Rapture" (the interpretation I favor), then the principles Jesus' teaches of being watchful is especially apropos because the Rapture (if pre-trib) could occur at any time and needs nothing else to be filled prophetically. Thomas
Lucas 21
Spurgeon - I rise before dawn and cry for help. He was up before the sun, and began his pleadings before the dew began to leave the grass. Whatever is worth doing is worth doing speedily. This is the third time that he mentions that he cried. He cried, and cried, and cried again. His supplications had become so frequent, fervent, and intense, that he might hardly be said to be doing anything else from morning to night but crying unto his God. So strong was his desire after salvation that he could not rest in his bed; so eagerly did he seek it that at the first possible moment he was on his knees. I wait (hoped) for Thy words Hope is a very powerful means of strengthening us in prayer. Who would pray if he had no hope that God would hear him? Who would not pray when he has a good hope of a blessed issue to his entreaties? His hope was fixed upon God's word, and this is a sure anchorage, because God is true, and in no case has he ever run back from his promise, or altered the thing that has gone forth from his mouth. He who is diligent in prayer will never be destitute of hope. Observe that as the early bird gets the worm, so the early prayer is soon refreshed with hope. Thomas Manton - Those that make a business of prayer will use great vigilance and diligence therein. I say, that make a business of prayer; others that use it as a compliment and customary formality, will not be thus affected; they do it as a thing by-the-by, or a work that might well be spared, and do not look upon it as a necessary duty; but if a man's heart be in it, he will be early at work, and follow it close, morning and night: his business is to maintain communion with God, his desires will not let him sleep, and he gets up early to be calling upon God. "But unto thee have I cried, O Lord: and in the morning shall my prayer prevent thee." Psalms 88:13. Thus will good men even break their sleep to give themselves to prayer, and calling upon the name of God. John Morison - Early prayers are undisturbed by the agitating cares of life, and resemble the sweet melody of those birds which sing loudest and sweetest when fewest cars are open to listen to them. O my soul, canst thou say that thou hast thus "prevented the dawning of the morning" in thy approaches to God? Has the desire of communion with heaven raised thee from thy slumbers, shaken off thy sloth, and carried thee to thy knees?