1 Samuel 17
Charles Spurgeon · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Samuel 17
Spurgeon - “Immediately before the encounter with the Philistine he fought a battle which cost him far more thought, prudence, and patience. The word-battle in which he had to engage with his brothers and with king Saul, was a more trying ordeal to him than going forth in the strength of the Lord to smite the uncircumcised boaster. Many a man meets with more trouble from his friends than from his enemies; and when he has learned to overcome the depressing influence of prudent friends, he makes short work of the opposition of avowed adversaries.” 1 Samuel 17:30 Then he turned away from him to another and said the same thing; and the people answered the same thing as before. KJV 1 Samuel 17:30 And he turned from him toward another, and spake after the same manner: and the people answered him again after the former manner. NET 1 Samuel 17:30 Then he turned from those who were nearby to someone else and asked the same question, but they gave him the same answer as before. CSB 1 Samuel 17:30 Then he turned from those beside him to others in front of him and asked about the offer. The people gave him the same answer as before. ESV 1 Samuel 17:30 And he turned away from him toward another, and spoke in the same way, and the people answered him again as before. NIV 1 Samuel 17:30 He then turned away to someone else and brought up the same matter, and the men answered him as before. NLT 1 Samuel 17:30 He walked over to some others and asked them the same thing and received the same answer. NRS 1 Samuel 17:30 He turned away from him toward another and spoke in the same way; and the people answered him again as before. NJB 1 Samuel 17:30 And he turned away from him to someone else and asked the same question, to which the people replied as before. NAB 1 Samuel 17:30 Yet he turned from him to another and asked the same question; and everyone gave him the same answer as before. YLT 1 Samuel 17:30 And he turneth round from him unto another, and saith according to this word, and the people return him word as the first word. 1Sa 17:26,27 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries DAVID DISREGARDS ELIAB'S ANGRY QUESTIONING Then he turned away from him to another and said the same thing; and the people answered the same thing as before - Here's the Hebrew version of the older brother syndrome! David would not be "bullied" by his big brother Eliab! David was human and one has to believe Eliab's angry words cut (that what they are calculated to do when we lash out at someone! Are you listening husbands? I am one!) but he would not be intimidated or deterred by Eliab's harsh words. As the story unfolds David was clearly a man (a young man, a teenager perhaps) on a mission from God (whether he fully understood that or not). Remember he is filled with the Spirit (1Sa 16:13+ "the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon David from that day forward"), and enabled by the Spirit, David refused to return evil for evil to Eliab (cf Ro 12:17+). THOUGHT - Hebrews 6:12+ says we should seek to be "imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises." David had the promise of a throne (whether he fully realized that or not) and acted the part of a Spirit filled man rather than reacting with a fleshly response. We need to imitate him when confronted with angry words and false accusations! There is ONLY ONE WAY - we must continually be Spirit filled (cf Spirit was on David from that day forward) for HE ALONE can control our tongue (Eph 5:18+)! 1 Samuel 17:31 When the words which David spoke were heard, they told them to Saul, and he sent for him. KJV 1 Samuel 17:31 And when the words were heard which David spake, they rehearsed them before Saul: and he sent for him. NET 1 Samuel 17:31 When David's words were overheard and reported to Saul, he called for him. CSB 1 Samuel 17:31 What David said was overheard and reported to Saul, so he had David brought to him. ESV 1 Samuel 17:31 When the words that David spoke were heard, they repeated them before Saul, and he sent for him. NIV 1 Samuel 17:31 What David said was overheard and reported to Saul, and Saul sent for him. NLT 1 Samuel 17:31 Then David's question was reported to King Saul, and the king sent for him. NRS 1 Samuel 17:31 When the words that David spoke were heard, they repeated them before Saul; and he sent for him. NJB 1 Samuel 17:31 David's words were noted, however, and reported to Saul, who sent for him. NAB 1 Samuel 17:31 The words that David had spoken were overheard and reported to Saul, who sent for him.) YLT 1 Samuel 17:31 And the words which David hath spoken are heard, and they declare before Saul, and he receiveth him; sent for him: Heb. took him, Pr 22:29 The preceding twenty verses, from the 12th to the 31st inclusive, the 41st, and from the 54th to the end of this chapter, with the five first verses and the 9th, 10th, 11th, 17th, 18th, and 19th, of ch. 18, are all wanting in the Vatican copy of the LXX.; and they are supposed by Dr. Kennicott, and others, to be an interpolation. But, as Bp. Horsley observes, it appears, from many circumstances of the story, that David's combat with Goliath was many years prior to Saul's madness, and David's introduction to him as a musician. In the first place, David was quite a youth when he engaged with Goliath, (ver. 33, 42:) when introduced to Saul he was of full age, (ch. 16:18.) Again, this combat was his first appearance in public life, and his first military exploit, (ver. 36, 38, 39:) when introduced as a musician, he was a man of established character, and a man of war (ch. 16:18.) Now the just conclusion is, that the last ten verses of ch. 16 have been misplaced; their true place being between the ninth and tenth verses of ch. 18. Let them be removed there, and the whole apparent disorder will be removed. 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF "GOOD GOSSIP" When the words which David spoke were heard, they told them to Saul, and he sent for him - While typically gossip is casual or unconstrained conversation or reports about others, typically involving details that are not confirmed as being true, in this context, the words of David reported to King Saul were true. What is fascinating is that in God's providence, one (or some) who overheard David speak were compelled to tell Saul. It would have been so easy for those who heard this ruddy young man's words and simply dismissed them as youthful, foolish banter! But God had other plans and clearly they were now "in motion!" As an aside, the people's response to David reminds me of a modern television show entitled "Better Call Saul" (which I don't recommend for your watching pleasure as it is "R-Rated.") CHRIST OUR CHAMPION "Thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ." - 1 Corinthians 15:57 If ever anyone needed a champion, the Israelites did. As their army camped in the Valley of Elah, they were held at bay and embarrassed daily by the tauntings of the Philistine strongman Goliath. David, the young shepherd son of Jesse, had brought provisions for his brothers in the army. When he heard Goliath mocking the Israelites, he was furious and asked for permission to go out and fight him. David was confident that the God who had delivered him from the lion and the bear (1 Samuel 17:34-37) would give him victory over the giant -- and He did. David's conquest reminds us of Jesus Christ's victory. We were hopelessly enslaved by sin and needed a champion. Then God sent His Son Jesus to deliver us. He came to earth as a man, faced all our human trials (Heb. 2:14-15), and went to battle on our behalf. In His death and resurrection, Jesus won complete victory over sin and death (1 Cor. 15:54-57). What's more, His triumph guarantees us victory in our daily walk with God. I will praise my dear Redeemer, His triumphant power I'll tell, How the victory He giveth Over sin and death and hell.- - Bliss No matter what giants we face, we can win by God's grace. 1 Samuel 17:32 David said to Saul, "Let no man's heart fail on account of him; your servant will go and fight with this Philistine." BGT 1 Samuel 17:32 καὶ εἶπεν Δαυιδ πρὸς Σαουλ μὴ δὴ συμπεσέτω ἡ καρδία τοῦ κυρίου μου ἐπ᾽ αὐτόν ὁ δοῦλός σου πορεύσεται καὶ πολεμήσει μετὰ τοῦ ἀλλοφύλου τούτου LXE 1 Samuel 17:32 And David said to Saul, Let not, I pray thee, the heart of my lord be dejected within him: thy servant will go, and fight with this Philistine. KJV 1 Samuel 17:32 And David said to Saul, Let no man's heart fail because of him; thy servant will go and fight with this Philistine. NET 1 Samuel 17:32 David said to Saul, "Don't let anyone be discouraged. Your servant will go and fight this Philistine!" CSB 1 Samuel 17:32 David said to Saul, "Don't let anyone be discouraged by him; your servant will go and fight this Philistine!" ESV 1 Samuel 17:32 And David said to Saul, "Let no man's heart fail because of him. Your servant will go and fight with this Philistine." NIV 1 Samuel 17:32 David said to Saul, "Let no one lose heart on account of this Philistine; your servant will go and fight him." NLT 1 Samuel 17:32 "Don't worry about this Philistine," David told Saul. "I'll go fight him!" NRS 1 Samuel 17:32 David said to Saul, "Let no one's heart fail because of him; your servant will go and fight with this Philistine." NJB 1 Samuel 17:32 David said to Saul, 'Let no one be discouraged on his account; your servant will go and fight this Philistine.' NAB 1 Samuel 17:32 Then David spoke to Saul: "Let your majesty not lose courage. I am at your service to go and fight this Philistine." YLT 1 Samuel 17:32 and David saith unto Saul, 'Let no man's heart fall because of him, thy servant doth go, and hath fought with this Philistine.' Let: Nu 13:30 14:9 De 20:1-3 Isa 35:4 Heb 12:12 your: 1Sa 14:6 1Sa 16:18 Jos 14:12 Ps 3:6 27:1-3 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries DAVID ADDRESSES HIS REMARKS TO SAUL David said to Saul, "Let no man's heart fail on account of him - NET = "Don't let anyone be discouraged" NIV = ""Let no one lose heart on account of this Philistine." Your servant will go and fight with this Philistine - Note David's submissive response. Keep the context in mind. For 40 days Goliath has taunted the Israelites and for 40 days there have been zero takers of the giant's challenge! And now a young boy steps up to the plate to take a swing (literally) at Goliath's best pitch (his taunting words). Clearly, there is something different about David than 1000's of other Hebrew soldiers, including 3 of his big brothers. What's the difference? David is a man after God's own heart and filled with God's Spirit, he is filled with holy boldness to carry out holy war against the enemies of God and of Israel! Charles Stanley - SEEDS OF DISCOURAGEMENT SCRIPTURE READING: 1 SAMUEL 17:28–32 KEY VERSE: 1 SAMUEL 17:32 Then David said to Saul, “Let no man’s heart fail because of him; your servant will go and fight with this Philistine.” Words are so powerful in the way they affect our actions. A simple word of caution may prevent us from ever setting foot on a path of destruction. A word of encouragement could give us the confidence we need to follow God’s call on our lives. A trait of conquering faith is that it turns a deaf ear to discouragement. Instead of listening to—and believing—the words of the faithless, we need to hold fast to the promises God has given us. As David listened to Goliath’s threats, he wondered why no one would challenge this giant. Goliath was mocking God, yet no one seemed too concerned with putting an end to it. David’s courage rose up within him, and he voiced that he wanted to fight Goliath. However, discouragement began bombarding him. David was determined to ignore it, resulting in a conquering faith. Despite the discouragement, David was determined to triumph. Likewise, we need to remember the example of David and refuse to allow the seeds of discouragement to take root in our hearts. We must remember that God is on our side, and that He is the One who will conquer all our enemies as we place our faith in Him. Heavenly Father, I refuse to allow the seeds of discouragement to take root in my heart. I believe You will conquer all of my enemies as I put my faith in You. Pathways to His Presence: A Daily Devotional) 1 Samuel 17:33 Then Saul said to David, "You are not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him; for you are but a youth while he has been a warrior from his youth." BGT 1 Samuel 17:33 καὶ εἶπεν Σαουλ πρὸς Δαυιδ οὐ μὴ δυνήσῃ πορευθῆναι πρὸς τὸν ἀλλόφυλον τοῦ πολεμεῖν μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ ὅτι παιδάριον εἶ σύ καὶ αὐτὸς ἀνὴρ πολεμιστὴς ἐκ νεότητος αὐτοῦ LXE 1 Samuel 17:33 And Saul said to David, Thou wilt not in anywise be able to go against this Philistine to fight with him, for thou art a mere youth, and he a man of war from his youth. KJV 1 Samuel 17:33 And Saul said to David, Thou art not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him: for thou art but a youth, and he a man of war from his youth. NET 1 Samuel 17:33 But Saul replied to David, "You aren't able to go against this Philistine and fight him! You're just a boy! He has been a warrior from his youth!" CSB 1 Samuel 17:33 But Saul replied, "You can't go fight this Philistine. You're just a youth, and he's been a warrior since he was young." ESV 1 Samuel 17:33 And Saul said to David, "You are not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him, for you are but a youth, and he has been a man of war from his youth." NIV 1 Samuel 17:33 Saul replied, "You are not able to go out against this Philistine and fight him; you are only a boy, and he has been a fighting man from his youth." NLT 1 Samuel 17:33 "Don't be ridiculous!" Saul replied. "There's no way you can fight this Philistine and possibly win! You're only a boy, and he's been a man of war since his youth." NRS 1 Samuel 17:33 Saul said to David, "You are not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him; for you are just a boy, and he has been a warrior from his youth." NJB 1 Samuel 17:33 Saul said to David, 'You cannot go and fight the Philistine; you are only a boy and he has been a warrior since his youth.' NAB 1 Samuel 17:33 But Saul answered David, "You cannot go up against this Philistine and fight with him, for you are only a youth, while he has been a warrior from his youth." YLT 1 Samuel 17:33 And Saul saith unto David, 'Thou art not able to go unto this Philistine, to fight with him, for a youth thou art, and he a man of war from his youth.' You are not able: Nu 13:31 De 9:2 Ps 11:1 Rev 13:4 for you are but a youth: 1Sa 17:42,56 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries SAUL'S DOUBTING REJOINDER Rejoinder simply means an answer, reply, response or retort. Then - This marks a significant progression in the narrative. Saul said to David, "You are not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him - Saul who walks by sight, not by faith, sees a youth, but is unable to see the Spirit filling that enables David. So in one sense Saul is correct that David himself, by himself, absolutely is not able to fight the giant. What Saul cannot understand (even though he had once had experiences with the Spirit!) is that God plus one is a majority and gives firm assurance of victory against all human odds! for you are but a youth while he has been a warrior from his youth - For (term of explanation) introduces Saul's logical explanation, which most military analysts would agree is quite reasonable. An untrained youth against a trained warrior from youth is the recipe for disaster. That is, if it is man's "recipe," but in this case it is God's "recipe," a recipe for deliverance (so to speak)! Holwick in 1 Samuel 17 How to Kill Your Giant: I. "What is the biggest giant in your life right now?" 1. Fill in blank on study outline. (don't put someone next to you) 2. It may be a problem or a person. A) Finances, work, relationship. B) May not be a bad thing, it' s just not a good thing. C) Some giants sit on your back, but others stand in the way of something good - they are a barrier. D) Have a concrete giant in view during the sermon. Holwick quoting Glenn Gunderson: Seven principles for giant-killing. 1. Save your energy for fighting giants and not fellow soldiers. 1Sa 17:28 A) Christians need to learn this, since giants are all around. 1) The unsaved are dying all around us, but we choose to focus (and fight) on picayune things. B) When you face a giant, keep your focus on him. Sparrows fighting on highway in front of your car. Whatever they were fighting over wasn't worth getting smooshed 2. Giants are often not as big as you think. 1Sa 17:32 -33 A) Giants in our life get bigger over time. 1) It is easy to become intimidated. 2) Joshua and twelve spies is a parallel: "The land is great, but there are giants in the land and WE WERE GRASSHOPPERS IN COMPARISON." Nu 13:33+ B) Put giants in proper perspective. Luke 12:4f 1) Finances can be painful. 2) Cancer. 3) "Remember that all they can do is take your physical life. Save your fear for the one who can cast you into hell." Hell is forever." 3. You have what it takes to kill your giant right now. A) The best preparation is doing what you currently do well. 1) David knew how to use a slingshot. 2) All of us have special talents gained from day-to-day experiences. B) Adversity sharpens you for giant -killing. 1Sa 17:34 1) God uses adversity to build our character. 2) David went after predators (bears) while shepherding. a> David is quite the guy. b> I would say, "Take the sheep and leave me alone!" 4. Do your giant -killing in the way God has called you to do it. A) Saul's armor didn't work. 1Sa 17:38 B) Don't follow someone else's formula for fighting giants. C) Learn from others but don't duplicate them. 5. Giant-killing requires a plan. 1Sa 17:40 A) Five stones. (one for giant, four for his brothers?) B) David had a plan of action. 1) Stone about size of baseball, goes 100+ miles per hour. 2) Goliath didn't have a chance. C) Don't just wish for things to happen - make them happen. 6. Giant-killing is often a lonely business, but we are not alone. A) All of our struggles seem unique to us. Pr 14:10 1) Hard for us to empathize with others a> "Just stop doing it!" we say. 2) But our own giants seem insurmountable. B) Remember that we're not standing alone. 1) David put it in perspective: "Who is this uncircumcised heathen that he defies the Lord?" 1Sa 17:26 2) Always be centered on God first. 3) It is a tragedy that after listening to our complaints and fears, many would never guess we believe in a LIVING God. C) Be strong and courageous. 1) We need a plan, and a GOD. a> "I come against you in the name o f the Lord." 1Sa 17:45 b> One person, with God, is a majority. 2) Face your giant with courage. ILLUSTRATION - Tim Bowden, wrote a book called "One Crowded Hour" about the life of cameraman Neil Davis. In it he tells about an incident that happened in Borneo during the confrontation between Malaysia and Indonesia in 1964. A group of Gurkhas from Nepal were asked if they would be willing to jump from transport planes into combat against the Indonesians if the need arose. The Gurkhas had the right to turn down the request because they had never been trained to do this. Bowden quotes Davis's account of the story: "Now the Gurkhas usually agreed to anything, but on this occasion they temporarily rejected the plan. But the next day one of their NCO'S sought out the British officer who had made the request. He told the Brit they had discussed the matter further and would be prepared to jump under certain conditions. "What are they?" asked the British officer. The Gurkhas told him they would jump if the land was marshy or reasonably soft with no rocky outcrops, because they were inexperienced in falling. The British officer considered this, and said that the drop zone would almost certainly be over jungle. There would not be rocky outcrop, so that seemed all right. Was there anything else? "Yes," said the Gurkhas. They wanted the plane to fly as slowly as possible and no more than one hundred feet high. The British officer pointed out the planes always did fly as slowly as possible when dropping troops, but to jump from one hundred feet was impossible -The parachutes would not open in time from that height."Oh, said the Gurkhas, "that's all right, then. We'll jump with parachutes anywhere. You didn't mention parachutes before!" That's courage!With that kind of attitude, you can conquer any obstacle. 7. Giant-killing results in encouragement. 1Sa 17:52 A) You will encourage others to kill theirs as well. 1) David cuts Goliath's head off. a> Philistines surrender? No, they fight. All bets off. b> But the Israelites surge forward with courage. 2) David's courage was contagious, and so will ours be. B) You will encourage YOURSELF for future contests with giants. 1) Remember your giant-killings. a> Weapons kept as a trophy in David's tent. b> A reminder of when God came through for him. 2) Remind yourselves of times God has been faithful. 1 Samuel 17:34 But David said to Saul, "Your servant was tending his father's sheep. When a lion or a bear came and took a lamb from the flock, BGT 1 Samuel 17:34 καὶ εἶπεν Δαυιδ πρὸς Σαουλ ποιμαίνων ἦν ὁ δοῦλός σου τῷ πατρὶ αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ ποιμνίῳ καὶ ὅταν ἤρχετο ὁ λέων καὶ ἡ ἄρκος καὶ ἐλάμβανεν πρόβατον ἐκ τῆς ἀγέλης LXE 1 Samuel 17:34 And David said to Saul, Thy servant was tending the flock for his father; and when a lion came and a she-bear, and took a sheep out of the flock, KJV 1 Samuel 17:34 And David said unto Saul, Thy servant kept his father's sheep, and there came a lion, and a bear, and took a lamb out of the flock: NET 1 Samuel 17:34 David replied to Saul, "Your servant has been a shepherd for his father's flock. Whenever a lion or bear would come and carry off a sheep from the flock, CSB 1 Samuel 17:34 David answered Saul: "Your servant has been tending his father's sheep. Whenever a lion or a bear came and carried off a lamb from the flock, ESV 1 Samuel 17:34 But David said to Saul, "Your servant used to keep sheep for his father. And when there came a lion, or a bear, and took a lamb from the flock, NIV 1 Samuel 17:34 But David said to Saul, "Your servant has been keeping his father's sheep. When a lion or a bear came and carried off a sheep from the flock, NLT 1 Samuel 17:34 But David persisted. "I have been taking care of my father's sheep and goats," he said. "When a lion or a bear comes to steal a lamb from the flock, NRS 1 Samuel 17:34 But David said to Saul, "Your servant used to keep sheep for his father; and whenever a lion or a bear came, and took a lamb from the flock, NJB 1 Samuel 17:34 David said to Saul, 'Your servant used to look after the sheep for his father and whenever a lion or a bear came and took a sheep from the flock, NAB 1 Samuel 17:34 Then David told Saul: "Your servant used to tend his father's sheep, and whenever a lion or bear came to carry off a sheep from the flock, YLT 1 Samuel 17:34 And David saith unto Saul, 'A shepherd hath thy servant been to his father among the sheep, and the lion hath come -- and the bear -- and hath taken away a sheep out of the drove, 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Syrian Brown Bear weighs up to 550 lbs! DAVID COUNTERS THE KINGS DOUBT But - Term of contrast. This is not insignificant contrast, for Saul is the king and David is but a ruddy-faced youth and yet he displays Spirit filled boldness (cf Acts 4:31+) in countering Saul's human logic. David said to Saul, "Your servant was tending his father's sheep. When a lion or a bear came and took a lamb from the flock - David does not tell Saul "Of course I can take on Goliath, because I am filled with the Spirit of the Living God." That type of reply might not fly with fleshly Saul. So David presents his resume' that justifies his bold declaration to go and fight the Philistine. The lion and bear encounters were God's "training ground" for battle - God had allowed/sent the lion and bear to train young David. God allows/sends the "lions" and "bears" in our living for the purpose of training us. James puts it this way Consider (aorist imperative see our need to depend on the Holy Spirit to obey) it all joy, my brethren, when you encounter various trials, knowing that the testing of your faith produces endurance. And let endurance have its perfect result, so that you may be perfect and complete, lacking in nothing. (James 1:2-4+) The Syrian bear is said to be especially ferocious, and appears to have been more dreaded than the lion. David had had many harrowing experiences but had been victorious in preserving the flock of his father from the evil beasts. Streams in the Desert - “And there came a lion.” (1 Sam. 17:34.) IT is a source of inspiration and strength to come in touch with the youthful David, trusting God. Through faith in God he conquered a lion and a bear, and afterwards overthrew the mighty Goliath. When that lion came to despoil that flock, it came as a wondrous opportunity to David. If he had failed or faltered he would have missed God’s opportunity for him and probably would never have come to be God’s chosen king of Israel. “And there came a lion.” One would not think that a lion was a special blessing from God; one would think that only an occasion of alarm. The lion was God’s opportunity in disguise. Every difficulty that presents itself to us, if we receive it in the right way, is God’s opportunity. Every temptation that comes is God’s opportunity. When the “lion” comes, recognize it as God’s opportunity no matter how rough the exterior. The very tabernacle of God was covered with badgers’ skins and goats’ hair; one would not think there would be any glory there. The Shekinah of God was manifest under that kind of covering. May God open our eyes to see Him, whether in temptations, trials, dangers, or misfortunes.—C. H. P. 1 Samuel 17:31-50 CHRIST OUR CHAMPION "Thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ." - 1 Corinthians 15:57 If ever anyone needed a champion, the Israelites did. As their army camped in the Valley of Elah, they were held at bay and embarrassed daily by the tauntings of the Philistine strongman Goliath. David, the young shepherd son of Jesse, had brought provisions for his brothers in the army. When he heard Goliath mocking the Israelites, he was furious and asked for permission to go out and fight him. David was confident that the God who had delivered him from the lion and the bear (1 Samuel 17:34-37) would give him victory over the giant -- and He did. David's conquest reminds us of Jesus Christ's victory. We were hopelessly enslaved by sin and needed a champion. Then God sent His Son Jesus to deliver us. He came to earth as a man, faced all our human trials (Heb. 2:14-15), and went to battle on our behalf. In His death and resurrection, Jesus won complete victory over sin and death (1 Cor. 15:54-57). What's more, His triumph guarantees us victory in our daily walk with God. I will praise my dear Redeemer, His triumphant power I'll tell, How the victory He giveth Over sin and death and hell. -- Bliss No matter what giants we face, we can win by God's grace. 1 Samuel 17:35 I went out after him and attacked him, and rescued it from his mouth; and when he rose up against me, I seized him by his beard and struck him and killed him. BGT 1 Samuel 17:35 καὶ ἐξεπορευόμην ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐπάταξα αὐτὸν καὶ ἐξέσπασα ἐκ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ καὶ εἰ ἐπανίστατο ἐπ᾽ ἐμέ καὶ ἐκράτησα τοῦ φάρυγγος αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐπάταξα καὶ ἐθανάτωσα αὐτόν LXE 1 Samuel 17:35 then I went forth after him, and smote him, and drew the spoil out of his mouth: and as he rose up against me, then I caught hold of his throat, and smote him, and slew him. KJV 1 Samuel 17:35 And I went out after him, and smote him, and delivered it out of his mouth: and when he arose against me, I caught him by his beard, and smote him, and slew him. NET 1 Samuel 17:35 I would go out after it, strike it down, and rescue the sheep from its mouth. If it rose up against me, I would grab it by its jaw, strike it, and kill it. CSB 1 Samuel 17:35 I went after it, struck it down, and rescued the lamb from its mouth. If it reared up against me, I would grab it by its fur, strike it down, and kill it. ESV 1 Samuel 17:35 I went after him and struck him and delivered it out of his mouth. And if he arose against me, I caught him by his beard and struck him and killed him. NIV 1 Samuel 17:35 I went after it, struck it and rescued the sheep from its mouth. When it turned on me, I seized it by its hair, struck it and killed it. NLT 1 Samuel 17:35 I go after it with a club and rescue the lamb from its mouth. If the animal turns on me, I catch it by the jaw and club it to death. NRS 1 Samuel 17:35 I went after it and struck it down, rescuing the lamb from its mouth; and if it turned against me, I would catch it by the jaw, strike it down, and kill it. NJB 1 Samuel 17:35 I used to follow it up, lay into it and snatch the sheep out of its jaws. If it turned on me, I would seize it by the beard and batter it to death. NAB 1 Samuel 17:35 I would go after it and attack it and rescue the prey from its mouth. If it attacked me, I would seize it by the jaw, strike it, and kill it. YLT 1 Samuel 17:35 and I have gone out after him, and smitten him, and delivered out of his mouth, and he riseth against me, and I have taken hold on his beard, and smitten him, and put him to death. smote him: Jdg 14:5,6 2Sa 23:20 Ps 91:13 Da 6:22 Am 3:12 Ac 28:4-6 2Ti 4:17,18 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries DAVID'S BRAVERY WITH THE BEASTS I went out after him and attacked him, and rescued it from his mouth; and when he rose up against me, I seized him by his beard and struck him and killed him - David not only claimed he killed the lion in "hand-to-claw" combat but that he even rescued the prey out of the lion's jaws! This is either a "tall tale" or a "true tale." 1 Samuel 17:36 "Your servant has killed both the lion and the bear; and this uncircumcised Philistine will be like one of them, since he has taunted the armies of the living God." BGT 1 Samuel 17:36 καὶ τὴν ἄρκον ἔτυπτεν ὁ δοῦλός σου καὶ τὸν λέοντα καὶ ἔσται ὁ ἀλλόφυλος ὁ ἀπερίτμητος ὡς ἓν τούτων οὐχὶ πορεύσομαι καὶ πατάξω αὐτὸν καὶ ἀφελῶ σήμερον ὄνειδος ἐξ Ισραηλ διότι τίς ὁ ἀπερίτμητος οὗτος ὃς ὠνείδισεν παράταξιν θεοῦ ζῶντος LXE 1 Samuel 17:36 Thy servant smote both the lion and the bear, and the uncircumcised Philistine shall be as one of them: shall I not go and smite him, and remove this day a reproach from Israel? For who is this uncircumcised one, who has defied the army of the living God? KJV 1 Samuel 17:36 Thy servant slew both the lion and the bear: and this uncircumcised Philistine shall be as one of them, seeing he hath defied the armies of the living God. NET 1 Samuel 17:36 Your servant has struck down both the lion and the bear. This uncircumcised Philistine will be just like one of them. For he has defied the armies of the living God!" CSB 1 Samuel 17:36 Your servant has killed lions and bears; this uncircumcised Philistine will be like one of them, for he has defied the armies of the living God." ESV 1 Samuel 17:36 Your servant has struck down both lions and bears, and this uncircumcised Philistine shall be like one of them, for he has defied the armies of the living God." NIV 1 Samuel 17:36 Your servant has killed both the lion and the bear; this uncircumcised Philistine will be like one of them, because he has defied the armies of the living God. NLT 1 Samuel 17:36 I have done this to both lions and bears, and I'll do it to this pagan Philistine, too, for he has defied the armies of the living God! NRS 1 Samuel 17:36 Your servant has killed both lions and bears; and this uncircumcised Philistine shall be like one of them, since he has defied the armies of the living God." NJB 1 Samuel 17:36 Your servant has killed both lion and bear, and this uncircumcised Philistine will end up like one of them for having challenged the armies of the living God.' NAB 1 Samuel 17:36 Your servant has killed both a lion and a bear, and this uncircumcised Philistine will be as one of them, because he has insulted the armies of the living God." YLT 1 Samuel 17:36 Both the lion and the bear hath thy servant smitten, and this uncircumcised Philistine hath been as one of them, for he hath reproached the ranks of the living God.' this: 1Sa 17:26 Eze 32:19,27-32 Ro 2:28,29 seeing: 1Sa 17:10 Isa 10:15 36:8-10,15,18 37:22,23,28,29 Zec 2:8 12:3 Ac 5:38,39 9:4,5 12:1,2,22,23 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries DAVID CONCLUDES HIS ARGUMENT Your servant has killed both the lion and the bear - This is the third time (1Sa 17:32, 34, 36) David refers to himself as Saul's servant, which is clearly a reflection of David's submissive, humble heart, a heart after God's own heart. and this uncircumcised Philistine will be like one of them - David draw his argument to a concluding comparison - what's Goliath compared to a bear? After all both of those beasts have big claws and big teeth. All Goliath has (as David sees him) is a big mouth! Since he has taunted the armies of the living God - Goliath's brash words were not just against Saul's army but ultimately were against the Living God of Israel! Spurgeon - David seems to be increasing in boldness as the story progresses. First, he said someone should fight Goliath (1 Samuel 17:26, 29). Then he said he would fight Goliath (1 Samuel 17:32). Now, he says he will beat Goliath! Your servant has killed both lion and bear; and this uncircumcised Philistine will be like one of them. 1 SAMUEL 17:36 The accomplishments listed in today’s verse were David’s entire résumé for the job of giant slayer, but it was enough. As a lad, he had taken his flocks to picture-postcard sites —green pastures and still waters. But along the fringes of the wilderness lurked hidden dangers —ferocious animals, prowling and hungry for defenseless lambs. David had to remain vigilant, and on several occasions, he tossed down his harp and grabbed his slingshot, flying into action and saving his flock. Those wilderness experiences taught David to aim with precision and to trust the Lord with conviction. It was a time of faith building. Whatever your circumstances right now, the Lord wants to use them as a training ground to prepare you for future tests. Life seldom gets easier with time. If we learn to trust God today, our faith will be stronger tomorrow. Are you developing a résumé of faith? 1 Samuel 17:37 And David said, "The LORD who delivered me from the paw of the lion and from the paw of the bear, He will deliver me from the hand of this Philistine." And Saul said to David, "Go, and may the LORD be with you." BGT 1 Samuel 17:37 κύριος ὃς ἐξείλατό με ἐκ χειρὸς τοῦ λέοντος καὶ ἐκ χειρὸς τῆς ἄρκου αὐτὸς ἐξελεῖταί με ἐκ χειρὸς τοῦ ἀλλοφύλου τοῦ ἀπεριτμήτου τούτου καὶ εἶπεν Σαουλ πρὸς Δαυιδ πορεύου καὶ ἔσται κύριος μετὰ σοῦ LXE 1 Samuel 17:37 The Lord who delivered me out of the paw of the lion and out the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this uncircumcised Philistine. And Saul said to David, Go, and the Lord shall be with thee. KJV 1 Samuel 17:37 David said moreover, The LORD that delivered me out of the paw of the lion, and out of the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this Philistine. And Saul said unto David, Go, and the LORD be with thee. NET 1 Samuel 17:37 David went on to say, "The LORD who delivered me from the lion and the bear will also deliver me from the hand of this Philistine!" Then Saul said to David, "Go! The LORD will be with you." CSB 1 Samuel 17:37 Then David said, "The LORD who rescued me from the paw of the lion and the paw of the bear will rescue me from the hand of this Philistine." Saul said to David, "Go, and may the LORD be with you." ESV 1 Samuel 17:37 And David said, "The LORD who delivered me from the paw of the lion and from the paw of the bear will deliver me from the hand of this Philistine." And Saul said to David, "Go, and the LORD be with you!" NIV 1 Samuel 17:37 The LORD who delivered me from the paw of the lion and the paw of the bear will deliver me from the hand of this Philistine." Saul said to David, "Go, and the LORD be with you." NLT 1 Samuel 17:37 The LORD who rescued me from the claws of the lion and the bear will rescue me from this Philistine!" Saul finally consented. "All right, go ahead," he said. "And may the LORD be with you!" NRS 1 Samuel 17:37 David said, "The LORD, who saved me from the paw of the lion and from the paw of the bear, will save me from the hand of this Philistine." So Saul said to David, "Go, and may the LORD be with you!" NJB 1 Samuel 17:37 'Yahweh,' David went on, 'who delivered me from the claws of lion and bear, will deliver me from the clutches of this Philistine.' Then Saul said to David, 'Go, and Yahweh be with you!' NAB 1 Samuel 17:37 David continued: "The LORD, who delivered me from the claws of the lion and the bear, will also keep me safe from the clutches of this Philistine." Saul answered David, "Go! the LORD will be with you." YLT 1 Samuel 17:37 And David saith, 'Jehovah, who delivered me out of the paw of the lion, and out of the paw of the bear, He doth deliver me from the hand of this Philistine.' And Saul saith unto David, 'Go, and Jehovah is with thee.' The Lord: 1Sa 7:12 Ps 11:1 18:16,17 63:7 77:11 138:3,7,8 2Co 1:9,10 2Ti 4:17,18 Go: 1Sa 20:13 24:19 26:25 2Sa 10:12 1Ch 22:11,16 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries And David said, "The LORD who delivered me from the paw of the lion and from the paw of the bear, He will deliver me from the hand of this Philistine." - Spirit filled David focuses on Yahweh, in Whom he had learned to trust when battling the beasts in the field. And now in full confidence in that same God, David has no doubt that Yahweh will deliver him from the powerful Goliath, who has intimidated thousands of Hebrew soldiers for 40 days. Goliath was no match for one man filled with God, fighting for God's glory. Present circumstance prepare for future conquests. THOUGHT - Do you believe it? Do you believe God will deliver you? God will deliver you. He has promised to get you to your destination: He who has begun a good work in you will complete it until the day of Jesus Christ (Php 1:6). God may deliver you from trials or deliver you in the midst of trials, but He will deliver you! And Saul said to David, "Go, and may the LORD be with you - This is amazing. Think about what is at stake. If David lost, the Hebrews would be forced to be the slaves of the Philistines (1Sa 17:9+, assuming they would keep their word unlike the Philistines!). But in spite of what is "on the line," Saul is convinced (one has to wonder whether God did not in some way help convince him). And unspiritual Saul (e.g., no record he prayed to Yahweh for victory or sought Samuel's sage counsel) even bestows a blessing on David. Sadly, Saul's blessings would soon turn to curses as their relationship evolved. Henry Blackaby - GOD'S RECORD (The Experience) 1 Samuel 17:37 Most things in life are learned by experience. How do you know what pain is? You’ve experienced it. How do you know what cold feels like? You’ve felt it. It’s the same way with relationships. If a friend lets you down again and again, you learn by experience not to trust her anymore. If you’re taken in by a con artist, you learn to be more wary of his next scheme. This principle also applies to our relationship with God. We trust God with a problem today because he was there for us yesterday, and the day before that. We pray with confidence now because God has heard our prayers in the past. If anyone had a track record with God, it was David. Of course it was terrifying to fight a giant. David had never faced a giant before! But he had faced a bear and a lion. God had saved him from death on both of those occasions, so David had no reason to believe God could not save him now. You may not even be aware of it, but unless you are a brand-new Christian, you and God have a history together. Think back over the times when you trusted God to help you. How did he respond? When you faced new and challenging situations, and you called out to God to give you courage, what did he do? As long as you’re living in obedience to God, there is never a reason to doubt that he will be there for you. His record speaks for itself. Spurgeon - The LORD who rescued me from the paw of the lion and the paw of the bear will rescue me from the hand of this Philistine.” David had lived with God. Throughout many solitary days he had kept his father’s flock among the lone hills of Judah and had worshiped the unseen but ever-present Lord. He had grown into an adoring familiarity with the Most High so that, to him, the name of the one and only living and true God was a deep and solemn joy. As we might have seen far up among the ramparts of the mountains a solitary lake, whose one office it is to mirror the face of heaven, so had David’s hallowed life become the reflection of the light and glory of the Lord of Armies. It had not occurred to him, in his meditations, that base men would dare to challenge the infinite majesty of God or that proud adversaries would come forward and defy the chosen people of the Most High; but now that he hears the defiance and beholds the challenge, all his blood is up. He is amazed. A holy rage is on him. Yes, it is true—he hears Jehovah blasphemed. How can it be? The youth’s holy soul is undergoing a new experience. He is bringing his whole life to bear on it. He reaches the conclusion that as bears and lions die when they meddle with sheep, so must Goliath fall, now that he dares to attack the Lord and his people. In David’s case there is no flush of excitement, no fierce light of eyes lit up with a semi-madness. Evidently he is at home and has the entire business well in hand. He tells us why he is so brave and adventurous. It is well worth our while to see what made David so strong and confident, for if it has never occurred to us, up to now, it may yet occur that we will be called out to do some deed of daring for the Lord. I wish that young people would aspire to brave lives for the God of Israel. I would that for the truth of God, goodness, and the eternal glory, they would be ready to rise to the measure of their destined hour. Why should we all be ordinary people? Is there not room for a few downright devoted beings who will lift their hands to the Lord and never go back? If self-sacrifice is needed, let us make it. If someone is needed for a heathen land, or to bear testimony for the truth of God in this almost apostate nation, let us cry, “Here am I! Send me!” The Penny Syndrome The Lord, who delivered me from the paw of the lion . . . , He will deliver me from the hand of this Philistine. —1 Samuel 17:37 Today's Scripture: 1 Samuel 17:32-37 The penny has been called the most despised unit of US currency. Many people will not bother to pick up a one-cent coin if they see it lying on the ground. But some charities are finding that pennies add up to significant sums, and that children are generous givers. As one participant said, “Small contributions can make a huge difference.” The Bible account of David and Goliath describes a seemingly insignificant person whose confidence in God was greater than any of the powerful people around him. When David volunteered to face the giant Goliath, King Saul said, “You are not able to go against this Philistine” (1 Sam. 17:33). But David had faith in the Lord who had delivered him in the past (v.37). David did not suffer from “the penny syndrome”—a sense of inferiority and helplessness in the face of an overwhelming problem. If he had listened to the pessimism of Saul or the threats of Goliath, he would have done nothing. Instead, he acted with courage because he trusted God. It matters not how large or small Your faith may seem to be; What really counts is whom you trust In life’s uncertainty. —Fitzhugh Courage will follow when faith takes the lead. Trust Your Armor Go, and the Lord be with you. 1 Samuel 17:37 Today's Scripture & Insight: 1 Samuel 17:34–39 As a young writer I was often unsure of myself when I was in writing workshops. I would look around and see rooms filled with giants, if you will—people with formal training or years of experience. I had neither. But what I did have was an ear formed by the language and tone and cadences of the King James Version of the Bible. It was very much my armor, so to speak, what I was used to, and allowing it to inform my writing style and voice has become a joy to me, and I hope to others. We don’t get the impression that David the young shepherd was unsure of himself when it came to wearing Saul’s armor to fight Goliath (1 Samuel 17:38–39). He simply couldn’t move around in it. David realized one man’s armor can be another man’s prison—“I cannot go in these” (v. 39). So he trusted what he knew. God had prepared him for that moment with just what was needed (vv. 34–35). The sling and stones were what David was used to, his armor, and God used them to bring joy to the ranks of Israel that day. What’s an example of someone else’s armor that’s been a matter of comparison or even jealousy for you? How might your armor be just what’s needed for this day? Sovereign God, at times it’s easy to feel unsure of myself, especially in situations where challenges feel like giants. Help me to trust that You’ve given me just what I need. You’ve crafted my life’s story. Triumphing Over Giants The Lord, who delivered me from the paw of the lion and from the paw of the bear, He will deliver me from the hand of this Philistine. — 1 Samuel 17:37 Today's Scripture: 1 Samuel 17:33-50 In 1935, the debate team of Wiley College, a small and unranked black school in Texas, unexpectedly defeated the all-white championship team from the University of Southern California. This was a classic case of the unknown triumphing over a national giant. (ED: THIS WAS MADE INTO A MOVIE The Great Debaters - IF YOU WANT AN ENTERTAINING MOVIE WATCH IT!) When ancient Israel was in peril at the hands of the Philistines, there was a boy named David who actually triumphed over a giant (1 Sam. 17). The armies were drawn up on opposite sides of the Valley of Elah. They were probably afraid of one another and decided that the outcome of the battle should be determined by a battle of champions. The Philistines offered Goliath, a giant (about 9’9″), but Israel could not find anyone who was worthy or brave enough to fight. David heard of the dilemma and appealed to Saul to let him fight Goliath (vv.32-37). Saul was reluctant, but he agreed. David, armed with five smooth stones (v.40) and unswerving faith in the Almighty God (v.45), triumphed over the Philistines’ national champion. Come, Lord, and give me courage— Thy conquering Spirit give; Make me an overcomer In power within me live. —Anon. God gives us courage to challenge our giants. The Small Giant The Lord . . . will deliver me. —1 Samuel 17:37 Today's Scripture & Insight: 1 Samuel 17:32-37 The towering enemy strides into the Valley of Elah. He stands 9 feet tall, and his coat of armor, made of many small bronze plates, glimmers in the sunlight. The shaft of his spear is wrapped with cords so it can spin through the air and be thrown with greater distance and accuracy. Goliath looks invincible. But David knows better. While Goliath may look like a giant and act like a giant, in contrast to the living God he is small. David has a right view of God and therefore a right view of the circumstances. He sees Goliath as one who is defying the armies of the living God (1 Sam. 17:26). He confidently appears before Goliath in his shepherd’s clothes, armed with only his staff, five stones, and a sling. His confidence is not in what he has but in who is with him (v.45). Not to the strong is the battle, Not to the swift is the race; Yet to the true and the faithful Victory is promised through grace. —Crosby Don’t tell God how big your giants are. Tell your giants how big your God is. Be Yourself 1 Samuel 17:38-39 Students at Morningside High School knew Mr. Sullivan as a strict English teacher who would kick them out of class for talking. But on August 6, 1997, the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office kicked Mr. Sullivan out of class. It was discovered that Mr. Sullivan was really Willie Clifton Wright, who was charged with numerous felonies for stealing the identity of a teacher at another Los Angeles-area school. The imposter was uncovered when the real Robert Sullivan retired. For the past ten years, Willie Wright had been posing as someone he really wasn't. With the best of intentions, Saul also tried to turn David into someone he really wasn't. The young shepherd was clothed in a suit of Saul's armor and given the king's sword. But at this point in his life, this wasn't who David was. He wasn't a warrior; he was a shepherd. He wasn't accustomed to heavy armor and swords; his battles were fought with a slingshot and stones. Wisely, David refused to pretend to be someone he wasn't. In the Christian faith, there are many outstanding examples of men and women who lived their lives gloriously for God. Hudson Taylor adopted the dress and culture of the Chinese among whom he ministered. D. L. Moody never closed a service without extending an invitation for salvation. Amy Carmichael rescued thousands of young girls from serving as temple prostitutes in India. But keep in mind, they are not you and you are not them. Admire those whom God has used, but let Him show you how He wants to use the unique combination of gifts and talents He's given you. Be yourself, and let Him make the best you that you can be. (Courtesy of Back to the Bible) The best person to be is yourself. (And I would add "be yourself in Christ") Are You Being Prepared? The Lord who rescued me from the paw of the lion and . . . the bear will rescue me. 1 Samuel 17:37 Today's Scripture & Insight: 1 Samuel 17:8, 32–37, 48–50 I worked at a fast-food restaurant for over two years in high school. Some aspects of the job were difficult. Customers verbalized their anger while I apologized for the unwanted slice of cheese on the sandwich I didn’t make. Soon after I left, I applied for a computer job at my university. The employers were more interested in my fast-food experience than my computer skills. They wanted to know that I knew how to deal with people. My experience in unpleasant circumstances prepared me for a better job! Young David persevered through an experience we might well call unpleasant. When Israel was challenged to send someone to fight Goliath, no one was brave enough to step up to the task. No one but David. King Saul was reluctant to send him to fight, but David explained that as a shepherd he had fought and killed a lion and a bear for the sake of the sheep (1 Sam. 17:34–36). Confidently he stated, “The Lord who rescued me from the paw of the lion and . . . the bear will rescue me from the hand of this Philistine” (v. 37). Lord, help me to hold on during the unpleasant times in my life knowing that You may be preparing me for something greater. God uses present circumstances to prepare us for the future. 1 Samuel 17:38 Then Saul clothed David with his garments and put a bronze helmet on his head, and he clothed him with armor. BGT 1 Samuel 17:38 καὶ ἐνέδυσεν Σαουλ τὸν Δαυιδ μανδύαν καὶ περικεφαλαίαν χαλκῆν περὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ LXE 1 Samuel 17:38 And Saul clothed David with a military coat, and put his brazen helmet on his head. KJV 1 Samuel 17:38 And Saul armed David with his armour, and he put an helmet of brass upon his head; also he armed him with a coat of mail. NET 1 Samuel 17:38 Then Saul clothed David with his own fighting attire and put a bronze helmet on his head. He also put body armor on him. CSB 1 Samuel 17:38 Then Saul had his own military clothes put on David. He put a bronze helmet on David's head and had him put on armor. ESV 1 Samuel 17:38 Then Saul clothed David with his armor. He put a helmet of bronze on his head and clothed him with a coat of mail, NIV 1 Samuel 17:38 Then Saul dressed David in his own tunic. He put a coat of armor on him and a bronze helmet on his head. NLT 1 Samuel 17:38 Then Saul gave David his own armor-- a bronze helmet and a coat of mail. NRS 1 Samuel 17:38 Saul clothed David with his armor; he put a bronze helmet on his head and clothed him with a coat of mail. NJB 1 Samuel 17:38 Saul dressed David in his own armour; he put a bronze helmet on his head, dressed him in a breastplate NAB 1 Samuel 17:38 Then Saul clothed David in his own tunic, putting a bronze helmet on his head and arming him with a coat of mail. YLT 1 Samuel 17:38 And Saul clotheth David with his long robe, and hath put a helmet of brass on his head, and doth clothe him with a coat of mail. armed David with his armour: Heb. clothed David with his clothes, 1Sa 17:5 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries SAUL OUTFITS DAVID WITH MEN'S ARMOR Then - Marks progression in the story line. Saul clothed David with his garments and put a bronze helmet on his head, and he clothed him with armor - Saul is still walking by sight, not by faith (although he had to have some degree of faith to tell David to go forth), and so he seeks man's solution and hope for success - his clothing and armor.
1 Samuel 17
Spurgeon - Whose Battle? “And all this assembly shall know that the Lord saveth not with sword and spear: for the battle is the Lord’s, and he will give you into our hands.”—1 Samuel 17:47 LET this point be settled, that the battle is the Lord’s, and we may be quite sure of the victory, and of the victory in such a way as will best of all display the power of God. The Lord is too much forgotten by all men, yea, even by the assemblies of Israel; and when there is an opportunity to make men see that the Great First Cause can achieve His purposes without the power of man, it is a priceless occasion which should be well employed. Even Israel looks too much to sword and spear. It is a grand thing to have no sword in the hand of David, and yet for David to know that his God will overthrow a whole army of aliens. If we are indeed contending for truth and righteousness, let us not tarry till we have talent, or wealth, or any other form of visible power at our disposal; but with such stones as we find in the brook, and with our own usual sling, let us run to meet the enemy. If it were our own battle, we might not be confident; but if we are standing up for Jesus, and warring in His strength alone, who can withstand us? Without a trace of hesitancy, let us face the Philistines; for the Lord of Hosts is with us, and who can be against us? (Faith's Checkbook) Ray Pritchard (from How to Kill a Giant) - What lesson was God trying to teach David? You might say it many ways but at the heart it was the lesson of faith. David had to learn what faith in God could do. Naked faith. Unarmed faith. Faith plus nothing and minus nothing. Faith in God’s power in the face of impossible odds. This truth comes into focus if we ask what might seem like an obvious question: At what point did Goliath die? When did David kill him? You say, “Easy. When he cut off his head.” No, not really. “When the stone hit him.” No, not even then. Go back a little bit. Was it when he picked up the five smooth stones? No. Was it when he told Goliath what he was going to do? No, but you’re close. Was it when he refused to wear Saul’s armor? No, but you’ve passed over it. Between those two events something critical happened. 1 Samuel 17:40 tells us that after David picked up the five stones, he “approached the Philistine.” When he took that first step, Goliath was a dead man. He just didn’t know it yet. David won the victory with that first step. The rest is history. David possessed Goliath’s head while it was still attached to Goliath’s shoulders. Goliath never had a chance. He was just a paper giant. Many years ago I heard a definition of faith that has never left me. It goes like this: “Faith is belief plus unbelief and acting on the belief part.” Did David know something the other men of Israel didn’t know? No, he didn’t. They also knew God was great and mighty and powerful. They knew he was the Lord of Hosts. It wasn’t a matter of knowledge. Any one of them could have killed Goliath if they had been willing to take that first step in the name of the Lord. The difference between David and the other soldiers was not that he had faith and they had doubts. Or that they had doubts and he had none. The difference is this: David acted on his belief and ignored his doubts while they acted on their doubts and ignored their belief. Faith is not waiting for 100% assurance. Faith is not waiting until all your doubts are gone. If you wait for that, you’ll wait forever. Faith is seeing the giant, understanding the odds, believing that God wants him dead, and then taking that first step. If you can do that, the rest is easy. The First Step is the Hardest Now apply this truth to your own life. What giants stand in your way today? Name them. Write them down. Think about how the giants of circumstance and opposition have combined to keep you enslaved to fear and sometimes have driven you almost to the brink of despair. How much longer will you hide in the rocks of fear? When are you going to step into the valley and face the giant eyeball to eyeball? But the giant is big, you say. True, that’s why they call him a giant. He’s fearful. I’m sure he is. I might get hurt if I stand up against him. That’s true. There are always a thousand reasons to run away when Goliath stands before you. But whenever you are tired of running, the Lord stands ready to walk into the valley with you. Sooner or later you’ve got to peek over the top of the ridge, look into the valley and take that first step forward. It won’t be easy and there are no guarantees. But you’ll never know until you take your heart in your hands and step forward by faith. Faith is not talking about the giant, analyzing the giant, or praying about the giant. Big talk will never slay Goliath. Faith is taking that first step—knees knocking, hands shaking—with fear and trembling going into the valley in the name of the Lord of Hosts. You take that first step not because you think you can do it but because you know you can’t. Therefore, you know that if the giant is defeated, it is because God has done it through you. The reason this story is in the Bible is because there are still giants in the land and God is looking for some Davids. Amen. Spurgeon - I think that when we have great work to do for Christ and mean to do it, we will not say the first thing that comes to the lip. If we speak for Jesus, we ought to speak at our best. Even then, men are not killed by the glitter of shields or by the smoothness of a warrior’s hair, but a higher power is needed to cut through coats of mail. To the God of armies I look up when I preach. May He defend the right! But with no careless step do I advance to the front to preach; neither does any doubt possess me. We are feeble, but the Lord our God is mighty. "The battle is the Lord’s" (1 Sam. 17:47) rather than ours. Only one fear is upon me to a certain degree. When I preach, I do not want my deep sense of responsibility to lessen my efficiency. A man might feel that he ought to do so well that, for that very reason, he might not do as well as he could have. An overpowering feeling of responsibility may breed paralysis. (Borrow Spurgeon's Your Available Power) QUESTION - What does it mean that the battle is the Lord’s (1 Samuel 17:47)? ANSWER - When David made the claim, “The battle is the Lord’s” in 1 Samuel 17:47, he likely was thinking about passages such as Deuteronomy 20:1. Within the book of Deuteronomy, the Lord gives the law to His people Israel through Moses. This law was part of a covenant relationship that provided Israel with a way to live before a holy God, relating to Him in obedience. This involved rules for living and covered topics such as warfare, found in Deuteronomy 20. Deuteronomy 20 begins with a foundational principle for warfare—the God who delivered Israel from one of the most powerful nations in the known world, Egypt, was with them. He was the source of their strength, and just as He miraculously delivered Israel from the hands of Egypt, He could and would continue to deliver them from the hands of their adversaries. First Samuel 17:31–58 is the account of David and Goliath. The adversaries of Israel were the Philistines (1 Samuel 17:1–3) and, more specifically, Goliath (1 Samuel 17:4). Goliath was a giant, measuring about 9 feet tall and fully girded with armor (1 Samuel 17:4–7). Goliath appeared before the army of Israel and challenged them to a one-on-one duel that would result in the defeat of the entire army of the losing opponent. This challenge resulted in fear for the people of Israel (1 Samuel 17:11)—all except for David. David was a sheepherder, the youngest of his family and a non-participant in battle. David was only present on the battlefield because he had delivered food to his three oldest brothers. Upon arriving, David had realized what was taking place—Israel was standing in fear of an opposing army. At this realization, David asks the right question, “Who is this uncircumcised Philistine that he should defy the armies of the living God?” (1 Samuel 17:26). David volunteers to be the one to fight Goliath—a young sheepherder against a giant warrior. Naturally, the people of Israel were resistant, including King Saul (1 Samuel 17:33). If David were to lose the battle, all of Israel would become servants of the Philistines. David argues his case, relating his success in fighting both a lion and a bear. Significantly, David does not mention his own strength against these animals but instead points to God’s power that will result in Goliath being like the lion and the bear—namely, defeated. Because Goliath has opposed the army of God, God would defeat him, and David would be successful in battle. Interestingly, in 1 Samuel 17:43, Goliath curses David by his gods. In the Hebrew, the verb meaning “to curse” is in the Piel stem, making it declarative. The root of the word points to the state of being “insignificant.” Goliath was declaring that David was insignificant because of his stature and age. David’s response to this declaration is found in 1 Samuel 17:45–47. David declares that the source of his power is the God of Israel. David uses a phrase translated as “the name of the Lord.” This phrase can be talking simply about the formal name of a person (namely, God). However, it often carries the idea of the source, being, and power of the Lord. This seems to be the way in which David is utilizing it. When David says, “For the battle is the Lord’s” in 1 Samuel 17:47, he is drawing from promises found within the Mosaic Law (Deuteronomy 20:1) and is claiming that God is the source of power who determines the outcome of the battle—which David believes is victory for himself. As Samuel records, David is correct (1 Samuel 17:50). God used the physically weakest of the family of Jesse to display His might before the world. God maintains this pattern of utilizing the weak to shame the strong of the world, displaying His might and bringing Himself glory (1 Corinthians 1:27).GotQuestions.org Spurgeon - THE BATTLE IS THE LORD’S. 1 Samuel 17:47 I may be addressing some godly people who are terribly distressed. You believe that God will bring you out of your affliction. Maintain that faith, and if deliverance does not come for a long time, maintain it still. Can you lean on the Lord? Can you grasp the Invisible? Can you forget all other helpers? Can you hold His hand and let everything else go? If so, you glorify God and you will be delivered! If you must have your own bow and sword, then the battle depends on you, and you cannot plead God’s promises. Put the bow aside, hang the sword on the wall, and go to Him who is better than bow and sword. Rest in Him, and He will gloriously work so that His name is magnified and you are blessed. I pray that the Holy Spirit will apply this truth to your heart. Oh for grace to rest in the Lord and wait patiently for Him! In His time and in His way He will work out your deliverance. Nothing will stop Him. Remember, “The battle is the LORD’s.” (Beside Still Waters) The Lord's Battle 1 Samuel 17:47 When King George VI gave his Christmas address to the British people in 1939, World War II had just begun. The German armies had conquered northern Europe and a long war lay ahead. In his speech the king quoted these words from a book by M. Louise Haskins: "And I said to the man who stood at the gate of the year, 'Give me a light that I may tread safely into the unknown.' And he replied, 'Go out into the darkness and put your hand into the hand of God. That shall be to you better than light and safer than a known way.'" As David faced the prospect of confronting a seasoned warrior nearly twice his size and vastly more experienced in battle, he also knew where to place his faith--not in the security of swords and spears but in the power of God. David knew that his skill would not save the day. Instead, the Lord would be the deciding factor. It was His battle. Life is filled with giants that are bigger than we. Seemingly insurmountable obstacles can dog our every step. But when faced with overwhelming odds, it's comforting to know that the outcome doesn't depend on us. Of course, we must be obedient and do our part. Whatever skills or gifts that God has given us must be used. But having put forth our best efforts, we can be assured that God will be the One who ultimately determines the battle's outcome. Rest in the knowledge that the battle is the Lord's. He is the One who gives the victory. (Courtesy of Back to the Bible) The Lord's battle is our victory. When We’re Let Down The Lord does not save with sword and spear; for the battle is the Lord’s and He will give you into our hands. — 1 Samuel 17:47 Today's Scripture: 1 Samuel 17:33-50 On August 4, 1991, the MTS Oceanos cruise ship ran into a terrible storm off the coast of South Africa. When the ship began to sink, the captain decided to abandon ship and left with his officers, failing to notify those onboard of any problem. Passenger Moss Hills, a British musician, noticed that something was wrong and sent out a Mayday signal to the South African coast guard. Then, taking matters into their own hands, Moss, his wife Tracy, and other entertainers on board helped organize the evacuation of all passengers by assisting them as they were lifted into helicopters. Sometimes those we look to for leadership can let us down. When King Saul and his officers faced the belligerent insults of the Philistine giant Goliath, they responded with fear and timidity (1 Sam. 17:11). But a young musician and shepherd boy named David had faith in God that transformed his perspective on this threat. David said to Goliath, “You come to me with a sword . . . . But I come to you in the name of the Lord of hosts” (v.45). David defeated the enemy and turned the tide of battle (v.50). He did not look to earthly leaders for his strength but to the living God. Dear Lord, I don’t have the power on my own to lead others through a difficult situation. But You are all-powerful. Give me the courage to help others as I rely on Your strength that cannot fail. Only as we follow Christ can we lead others in the right direction. 1 Samuel 17:48 Then it happened when the Philistine rose and came and drew near to meet David, that David ran quickly toward the battle line to meet the Philistine. BGT 1 Samuel 17:48 καὶ ἀνέστη ὁ ἀλλόφυλος καὶ ἐπορεύθη εἰς συνάντησιν Δαυιδ LXE 1 Samuel 17:48 And the Philistine arose and went to meet David. KJV 1 Samuel 17:48 And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and drew nigh to meet David, that David hasted, and ran toward the army to meet the Philistine. NET 1 Samuel 17:48 The Philistine drew steadily closer to David to attack him, while David quickly ran toward the battle line to attack the Philistine. CSB 1 Samuel 17:48 When the Philistine started forward to attack him, David ran quickly to the battle line to meet the Philistine. ESV 1 Samuel 17:48 When the Philistine arose and came and drew near to meet David, David ran quickly toward the battle line to meet the Philistine. NIV 1 Samuel 17:48 As the Philistine moved closer to attack him, David ran quickly toward the battle line to meet him. NLT 1 Samuel 17:48 As Goliath moved closer to attack, David quickly ran out to meet him. NRS 1 Samuel 17:48 When the Philistine drew nearer to meet David, David ran quickly toward the battle line to meet the Philistine. NJB 1 Samuel 17:48 No sooner had the Philistine started forward to confront David than David darted out of the lines and ran to meet the Philistine. NAB 1 Samuel 17:48 The Philistine then moved to meet David at close quarters, while David ran quickly toward the battle line in the direction of the Philistine. YLT 1 Samuel 17:48 And it hath come to pass, that the Philistine hath risen, and goeth, and draweth near to meet David, and David hasteth and runneth to the rank to meet the Philistine, David hasted: Ps 27:1 Pr 28:1 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE MOMENT OF DECISION Then it happened when the Philistine rose and came and drew near to meet David, that David ran quickly toward the battle line to meet the Philistine - Note the contrast in the verbs, the giant rose and came and drew near but David ran quickly!
1 Samuel 17
Spurgeon - “David defeated the Philistine with a sling and a stone.” The son of Jesse rejected the weapons with which Saul sought to arm him—he put the helmet on his head, the mail about his body, and was about to take up the sword, but he said, “I can’t walk in these. I’m not used to them.” Similarly, the son of David renounced all earthly armor. They would have taken our Lord by force and made him a king, but he said, “My kingdom is not of this world.” Swords enough would have leaped from their scabbards at his bidding. Not only Peter, whose too-hasty sword struck the ear of Malchus, but many zealots would have been all too glad to have followed the star of Jesus of Nazareth as in former days. And yet more frequently, in later days, the Jews followed impostors who declared themselves to be commissioned by the Most High for their deliverance. But Jesus said, “Put your sword back in its place because all who take up the sword will perish by the sword” (Mt 26:52). To this day the great fight of Jesus Christ with the powers of darkness is not with sword and helmet but with the smooth stones of the brook. The simple preaching of the gospel, with the shepherd’s crook of the great head of the church held in our midst—this is what lays low Goliath and will lay him low to the last day. It is vain for the church even to think that she will win the victory by wealth, or by rank, or by civil authority. No government will assist her. To the power of God alone she must look. “ ‘Not by strength or by might, but by my Spirit,’ says the LORD of Armies” (Zech 4:6). Happy will it be for the church when she learns that lesson. “I come to you in the name of the LORD of Armies!” These words might serve as a slogan for all those who are sent of Christ and represent him in the dread battle for precious souls. This was Christ’s watchword when, for our sakes and on our behalf, he came to wrestle with sin, to bear the wrath of God, and to vanquish death and hell. He came in the name of God. Norman Geisler - go to page 148 in When Critics Ask for discussion of 1 SAMUEL 17:50—Why does this verse say David killed Goliath when 2 Samuel 21:19 says Elhanan killed Goliath? PROBLEM: In 1 Samuel 17:50–51, David is said to have cut off the head of Goliath after striking him with the stone from his sling. However, according to 2 Samuel 21:19, it was Elhanan the son of Jaare-Oregim that killed Goliath. Why does one passage claim that David killed Goliath when the other claims that Elhanan did? SOLUTION: The passage in 2 Samuel 21:19 which reads, “Elhanan the son of Jaare-Oregim the Bethlehemite killed Goliath the Gittite, the shaft of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam” (the italicized words “the brother of” are not in the Hebrew text), is obviously a copyist error. This is substantiated by the fact that there is a parallel passage in 1 Chronicles 20:5 that reads, “and Elhanan the son of Jair killed Lahmi the brother of Goliath the Gittite, the shaft of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam.” The corruption of the passage in 2 Samuel 21:19 is traceable to the confusion by a copyist of several letters and words which, when combined in a certain way, could yield the reading found in the 2 Samuel passage. QUESTION - Who killed Goliath, David or Elhanan? ANSWER - The record of Goliath’s defeat at the hand of David is found in 1 Samuel 17. However, a verse in 2 Samuel seems to name Elhanan, instead of David, as the one who toppled Goliath. Here’s what’s clear: 1 Samuel 17:50 says that David killed Goliath: “So David triumphed over the Philistine with a sling and a stone; without a sword in his hand he struck down the Philistine and killed him.” The “Philistine” in this verse is identified as Goliath in verse 4. Here’s what’s not so clear: in some translations, 2 Samuel 21:19 seems to indicate that it was Elhanan, not David, who killed the giant: “And there was again war with the Philistines at Gob, and Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim, the Bethlehemite, struck down Goliath the Gittite, the shaft of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam” (ESV). The size of Goliath’s spear shaft is a detail shared by both passages. The obvious difference is who killed Goliath—was it David or Elhanan? Unless David and Elhanan are different names for the same person—or there were two giants named Goliath—these verses seem to contradict each other. Bringing clarity to the issue is 1 Chronicles 20:5, which says, “In another battle with the Philistines, Elhanan son of Jair killed Lahmi the brother of Goliath the Gittite, who had a spear with a shaft like a weaver’s rod.” This verse repeats the detail of the size of the spear shaft, and it clearly says that Elhanan killed Goliath’s brother, rather than Goliath himself. Why the discrepancy? Why does 2 Samuel 21:19 say that Elhanan killed Goliath? One viable theory is that, somewhere in the chain of copying the text, a scribe made a mistake. The Hebrew word for “the brother of” was miswritten, which changed the grammar of the sentence and led to a problematic sentence structure for the next scribe. The second scribe’s attempt to solve the syntactical puzzle produced a reading that omitted the important detail of Goliath’s brother. Fortunately, we have 1 Chronicles 20:5, which contains the correct Hebrew wording and informs us, through implication, that 2 Samuel 21:19 is missing the words the brother of. We can be confident that David killed Goliath. Elhanan later killed Goliath’s brother. Further, the context of 2 Samuel 21:19 makes it clear that it is describing an entirely separate event from David’s slaying of Goliath in 1 Samuel 17:50. Second Samuel 21:11–14 puts the passage after the death of Saul, who was alive when David killed Goliath (1 Samuel 17:31–39, 55–58). Second Samuel 21:15–17 indicates that Elhanan killed “Goliath” when David was the king of Israel, not when he was a servant of King Saul. GotQuestions.org 1 Samuel 17:51 Then David ran and stood over the Philistine and took his sword and drew it out of its sheath and killed him, and cut off his head with it. When the Philistines saw that their champion was dead, they fled. BGT 1 Samuel 17:51 καὶ ἔδραμεν Δαυιδ καὶ ἐπέστη ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸν καὶ ἔλαβεν τὴν ῥομφαίαν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐθανάτωσεν αὐτὸν καὶ ἀφεῖλεν τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ καὶ εἶδον οἱ ἀλλόφυλοι ὅτι τέθνηκεν ὁ δυνατὸς αὐτῶν καὶ ἔφυγον LXE 1 Samuel 17:51 And David ran, and stood upon him, and took his sword, and slew him, and cut off his head: and the Philistines saw that their champion was dead, and they fled. KJV 1 Samuel 17:51 Therefore David ran, and stood upon the Philistine, and took his sword, and drew it out of the sheath thereof, and slew him, and cut off his head therewith. And when the Philistines saw their champion was dead, they fled. NET 1 Samuel 17:51 David ran and stood over the Philistine. He grabbed Goliath's sword, drew it from its sheath, killed him, and cut off his head with it. When the Philistines saw their champion was dead, they ran away. CSB 1 Samuel 17:51 David ran and stood over him. He grabbed the Philistine's sword, pulled it from its sheath, and used it to kill him. Then he cut off his head. When the Philistines saw that their hero was dead, they ran. ESV 1 Samuel 17:51 Then David ran and stood over the Philistine and took his sword and drew it out of its sheath and killed him and cut off his head with it. When the Philistines saw that their champion was dead, they fled. NIV 1 Samuel 17:51 David ran and stood over him. He took hold of the Philistine's sword and drew it from the scabbard. After he killed him, he cut off his head with the sword. When the Philistines saw that their hero was dead, they turned and ran. NLT 1 Samuel 17:51 Then David ran over and pulled Goliath's sword from its sheath. David used it to kill him and cut off his head. When the Philistines saw that their champion was dead, they turned and ran. NRS 1 Samuel 17:51 Then David ran and stood over the Philistine; he grasped his sword, drew it out of its sheath, and killed him; then he cut off his head with it. When the Philistines saw that their champion was dead, they fled. NJB 1 Samuel 17:51 David ran and stood over the Philistine, seized his sword, pulled it from the scabbard, despatched him and cut off his head. When the Philistines saw that their champion was dead, they fled. NAB 1 Samuel 17:51 Then David ran and stood over him; with the Philistine's own sword (which he drew from its sheath) he dispatched him and cut off his head.When they saw that their hero was dead, the Philistines took to flight. YLT 1 Samuel 17:51 and David runneth and standeth over the Philistine, and taketh his sword, and draweth it out of its sheath, and putteth him to death, and cutteth off with it his head; and the Philistines see that their hero is dead, and flee. his sword: 1Sa 21:9 2Sa 23:21 Es 7:10 Ps 7:15,16 Heb 2:14 cut off: 1Sa 17:46 fled: Heb 11:34 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Gustave Dore's Woodcut of David with Goliath's slain head SLAIN WITH HIS OWN SWORD Then - Marks a striking progression in the story. David ran and stood over the Philistine and took his sword and drew it out of its sheath and killed him, and cut off his head with it - Note that v50 says it was the stone that killed Goliath, but here it says the sword that killed him. One way to resolve this double killing is to see the slung stone as knocking Goliath unconscious and the beheading as bringing unbroken "unconsciousness!" THOUGHT - Perhaps this double emphasis on killing Goliath is a reminder to us of how radically we must deal with sin. If you have a sin which so easily entangles you, and keeps rearing its ugly head, you need to unsheathe the sword of the Spirit and cut off that sin at its head! And since our fallen flesh has been "done away with" or more accurately has been rendered inactive (Ro 6:6) but not eradicated as it will be in glory, we will need to take the sword of the Spirit many times and cut off its "revived" head. (See J R Miller's devotional below). When the Philistines saw that their champion was dead, they fled - Notice how the Philistines did not keep their promise to become the servants of the Hebrews if Goliath was defeated (1Sa 17:9+). Are we surprised they did not keep their word, for who is their father but the father of lies (Jn 8:44)? That's a rhetorical question! Mike Kotecki asks What are the characteristics of a giant-killer? From David’s example in 1 Samuel 17, there appear to be at least ten. 1. A giant-killer is first of all a faithful and responsible servant in the little things of life. David went back and forth from Saul to tend his father’s sheep at Bethlehem. (1 Sa17:15) David had learned to be responsible with his father’s sheep. On the day when he was to first encounter Goliath, David did not leave for the battlefield until he had found a reliable shepherd to take his place at Bethlehem (1 Sa17:20). 2. A giant-killer does not carry excess baggage—nonessential things and petty personal preferences—into battle.David left his things with the keeper of supplies, ran to the battle lines and greeted his brothers. (1 Sa17:22) 3. A giant-killer is consumed with the glory of God. It was because Goliath defied God that David was provoked by him. He said,“Who is this uncircumcised Philistine that he should defy the armies of the living God?” (1 Sa17:26) 4. A giant-killer is not discouraged by criticism—even from a brother. When Eliab, David’s oldest brother, heard him speaking with the men, he burned with anger at him and asked, “Why have you come down here? And with whom did you leave those few sheep in the desert? I know how conceited you are and how wicked your heart is; you came down only to watch the battle.”(1 Sa17:28) David’s brother slandered his character and judged his motives to be wrong, but David did not allow this to distract him from his God-given mission. 5. A giant-killer is not fearful of circumstances. David said to Saul, “Let no one lose heart on account of this Philistine; your servant will go and fight him.” (1 Sa17:32) A giant-killer has such confidence because he or she serves the Almighty God. No circumstance is greater than God. 6. While serving, a giant-killer is being trained by God. By being faithful to serve God in seemingly insignificant areas, we are prepared for the “big” job God has waiting for us. When Saul questioned David’s ability to fight Goliath, David answered, “Your servant has been keeping his father’s sheep. When a lion or a bear came and carried off a sheep from the flock, I went after it, struck it and rescued the sheep from its mouth. When it turned on me, I seized it by its hair, struck it and killed it. Your servant has killed both the lion and the bear; this uncircumcised Philistine will be like one of them, because he has defied the armies of the living God. The Lord who delivered me from the paw of the lion and the paw of the bear will deliver me from the hand of this Philistine.” (1 Sa17:34–37) 7. Saul responded to David’s words by saying, “Go, and the Lord be with you.” Then Saul dressed David in his own tunic. He put a coat of armor on him and a bronze helmet on his head. David fastened on his sword over the tunic and tried walking around, because he was not used to them. “I cannot go in these,” he said to Saul, “because I am not used to them.” So he took them off. (1Sa17:38–39) A giant-killer places no confidence in the flesh. The best human weapons and the most advanced technology are no substitute for God’s power and provision. 8. A giant-killer’s authority and confidence are from God—not from his or her skills, experience, or education. David approached the Philistine, and said, “You come against me with sword and spear and javelin, but I come against you in the name of the Lord Almighty, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied. This day the Lord will hand you over to me, and I’ll strike you down and cut off your head. . . . The whole world will know that there is a God in Israel. All those gathered here will know that it is not by sword or spear that the Lord saves; for the battle is the Lord’s, and he will give all of you into our hands.” (1 Samuel 17:45–47) The Lord will make giant-killers out of all men and women whose heart’s desire is for the glory of God. 9. A giant-killer demonstrates no hesitation in moving forward to do battle with the giant. As the Philistine moved closer to attack him, David ran quickly toward the battle line to meet him. (1 Samuel 17:48) 10. A giant-killer finishes the job, and provides no second opportunity for the enemy to recover and take advantage. So David triumphed over the Philistine with a sling and a stone; without a sword in his hand he struck down the Philistine and killed him. David ran and stood over him. He took hold of the Philistine’s sword and drew it from the scabbard. After he killed him, he cut off his head with the sword. When the Philistines saw that their hero was dead, they turned and ran. (1 Samuel 17:50–51) (Discipleship Journal - Issue 14 March/April 1983 - see Discipleship Journal Anthology Issues 1–150) J R Miller - (LISTEN TO ACCOMPANYING AUDIO) We must hew our Agags to pieces! "Since he had no sword, he ran over and pulled Goliath's sword from its sheath. David used it to kill the giant and cut off his head!" 1 Samuel 17:50-51 If he had not cut off the giant's head—the old Philistine champion would have gotten up by and by, and walked away; for he was only stunned, not killed, by the stone. David made sure work of his victory! A great many of our attacks upon sin in our own hearts, and in the world—only stun, and do not kill the evil. We walk away, thinking we have done a fine thing. But shortly, we meet the 'old giant' again, stalking abroad as before! He soon recovers from our blow, and we have to fight the battle over; and perhaps we fight it again in the same half-hearted way—and thus on and on, to the end of our life! Most of us have had just such experience as this with our own evil lusts and passions. We overcome them very often and think each time that we are through with them, but soon again they are as active as ever. We need to learn a lesson from David and finish our victories by cutting off the head of every giant we strike down! There is no other way of killing sins! The life is in the head, and the head must be struck off—or the enemy will be facing us again in a day or two, with but a scar on his forehead! The only way to get a real victory over vices is to decapitate them! Bruises and wounds are not enough. There must be thorough work done, in the name of the Lord. Half-way measures will not avail. "Put to death (aorist imperative see our need to depend on the Holy Spirit to obey), therefore, whatever belongs to your earthly nature: sexual immorality, impurity, lust, evil desires and greed, which is idolatry." Colossians 3:5+ "Samuel hewed Agag to pieces before the Lord." 1 Samuel 15:33 Like Samuel, we must hew our Agags to pieces! 1 Samuel 17:52 The men of Israel and Judah arose and shouted and pursued the Philistines as far as the valley, and to the gates of Ekron. And the slain Philistines lay along the way to Shaaraim, even to Gath and Ekron. BGT 1 Samuel 17:52 καὶ ἀνίστανται ἄνδρες Ισραηλ καὶ Ιουδα καὶ ἠλάλαξαν καὶ κατεδίωξαν ὀπίσω αὐτῶν ἕως εἰσόδου Γεθ καὶ ἕως τῆς πύλης Ἀσκαλῶνος καὶ ἔπεσαν τραυματίαι τῶν ἀλλοφύλων ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ τῶν πυλῶν καὶ ἕως Γεθ καὶ ἕως Ακκαρων LXE 1 Samuel 17:52 And the men of Israel and Juda arose, and shouted and pursued them as far as the entrance to Geth, and as far as the gate of Ascalon: and the slain men of the Philistines fell in the way of the gates, both to Geth, and to Accaron. KJV 1 Samuel 17:52 And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until thou come to the valley, and to the gates of Ekron. And the wounded of the Philistines fell down by the way to Shaaraim, even unto Gath, and unto Ekron. NET 1 Samuel 17:52 Then the men of Israel and Judah charged forward, shouting a battle cry. They chased the Philistines to the valley and to the very gates of Ekron. The Philistine corpses lay fallen along the Shaaraim road to Gath and Ekron. CSB 1 Samuel 17:52 The men of Israel and Judah rallied, shouting their battle cry, and chased the Philistines to the entrance of the valley and to the gates of Ekron. Philistine bodies were strewn all along the Shaaraim road to Gath and Ekron. ESV 1 Samuel 17:52 And the men of Israel and Judah rose with a shout and pursued the Philistines as far as Gath and the gates of Ekron, so that the wounded Philistines fell on the way from Shaaraim as far as Gath and Ekron. NIV 1 Samuel 17:52 Then the men of Israel and Judah surged forward with a shout and pursued the Philistines to the entrance of Gath and to the gates of Ekron. Their dead were strewn along the Shaaraim road to Gath and Ekron. NLT 1 Samuel 17:52 Then the men of Israel and Judah gave a great shout of triumph and rushed after the Philistines, chasing them as far as Gath and the gates of Ekron. The bodies of the dead and wounded Philistines were strewn all along the road from Shaaraim, as far as Gath and Ekron. NRS 1 Samuel 17:52 The troops of Israel and Judah rose up with a shout and pursued the Philistines as far as Gath and the gates of Ekron, so that the wounded Philistines fell on the way from Shaaraim as far as Gath and Ekron. NJB 1 Samuel 17:52 The men of Israel and of Judah started forward, shouting their war cry, and pursued the Philistines as far as the approaches of Gath and the gates of Ekron. The Philistine dead lay all along the road from Shaaraim as far as Gath and Ekron. NAB 1 Samuel 17:52 Then the men of Israel and Judah, with loud shouts, went in pursuit of the Philistines to the approaches of Gath and to the gates of Ekron, and Philistines fell wounded along the road from Shaaraim as far as Gath and Ekron. YLT 1 Samuel 17:52 And the men of Israel rise -- also Judah -- and shout, and pursue the Philistines till thou enter the valley, and unto the gates of Ekron, and the wounded of the Philistines fall in the way of Shaaraim, even unto Gath, and unto Ekron, the men of Israel: 1Sa 14:21,22 Jdg 7:23 2Sa 23:10 valley: Jos 15:33-36,45,46 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE LEADER LEADS AND THE MEN FOLLOWED Judges 5:2 Says ""That the leaders took the lead in Israel, that the people offered themselves willingly, bless the LORD!" (Jdg 5:2ESV) The men of Israel and Judah arose and shouted and pursued the Philistines as far as the valley, and to the gates of Ekron. And the slain Philistines lay along the way to Shaaraim, even to Gath and Ekron - David the youth had become David a leader of men, but the men arose at the triumph of David and the Philistines fled and were slain. 1 Samuel 17:53 The sons of Israel returned from chasing the Philistines and plundered their camps. BGT 1 Samuel 17:53 καὶ ἀνέστρεψαν ἄνδρες Ισραηλ ἐκκλίνοντες ὀπίσω τῶν ἀλλοφύλων καὶ κατεπάτουν τὰς παρεμβολὰς αὐτῶν LXE 1 Samuel 17:53 And the men of Israel returned from pursuing after the Philistines, and they destroyed their camp. KJV 1 Samuel 17:53 And the children of Israel returned from chasing after the Philistines, and they spoiled their tents. NET 1 Samuel 17:53 When the Israelites returned from their hot pursuit of the Philistines, they looted their camp. CSB 1 Samuel 17:53 When the Israelites returned from the pursuit of the Philistines, they plundered their camps. ESV 1 Samuel 17:53 And the people of Israel came back from chasing the Philistines, and they plundered their camp. NIV 1 Samuel 17:53 When the Israelites returned from chasing the Philistines, they plundered their camp. NLT 1 Samuel 17:53 Then the Israelite army returned and plundered the deserted Philistine camp. NRS 1 Samuel 17:53 The Israelites came back from chasing the Philistines, and they plundered their camp. NJB 1 Samuel 17:53 Turning back from their ferocious pursuit of the Philistines, the Israelites plundered their camp. NAB 1 Samuel 17:53 On their return from the pursuit of the Philistines, the Israelites looted their camp. YLT 1 Samuel 17:53 and the sons of Israel turn back from burning after the Philistines, and spoil their camps. they spoiled: 2Ki 7:7-16 Jer 4:20 30:16 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries PURSUE AND KILL THEN PAUSE TO PLUNDER The sons of Israel returned from chasing the Philistines and plundered their camps - Note the order - first they killed the enemy and then came back and took their booty from the spoils. If they had carried out these acts in reverse order, they would have allowed many Philistines to escape. 1 Samuel 17:54 Then David took the Philistine's head and brought it to Jerusalem, but he put his weapons in his tent. BGT 1 Samuel 17:54 καὶ ἔλαβεν Δαυιδ τὴν κεφαλὴν τοῦ ἀλλοφύλου καὶ ἤνεγκεν αὐτὴν εἰς Ιερουσαλημ καὶ τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ ἔθηκεν ἐν τῷ σκηνώματι αὐτοῦ LXE 1 Samuel 17:54 And David took the head of the Philistine, and brought it to Jerusalem; but he put his armour in his tent. KJV 1 Samuel 17:54 And David took the head of the Philistine, and brought it to Jerusalem; but he put his armour in his tent. NET 1 Samuel 17:54 David took the head of the Philistine and brought it to Jerusalem, and he put Goliath's weapons in his tent. CSB 1 Samuel 17:54 David took Goliath's head and brought it to Jerusalem, but he put Goliath's weapons in his own tent. ESV 1 Samuel 17:54 And David took the head of the Philistine and brought it to Jerusalem, but he put his armor in his tent. NIV 1 Samuel 17:54 David took the Philistine's head and brought it to Jerusalem, and he put the Philistine's weapons in his own tent. NLT 1 Samuel 17:54 (David took the Philistine's head to Jerusalem, but he stored the man's armor in his own tent.) NRS 1 Samuel 17:54 David took the head of the Philistine and brought it to Jerusalem; but he put his armor in his tent. NJB 1 Samuel 17:54 And David took the Philistine's head and brought it to Jerusalem; his weapons, however, he put in his own tent. NAB 1 Samuel 17:54 David took the head of the Philistine and brought it to Jerusalem; but he kept Goliath's armor in his own tent. YLT 1 Samuel 17:54 And David taketh the head of the Philistine, and bringeth it in to Jerusalem, and his weapons he hath put in his own tent. took: 1Sa 21:9 Ex 16:33 Jos 4:7,8 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries DAVID PRESERVES THE EVIDENCE OF GOLIATH'S SLAYING Then - Marks progress in the narrative, but given the details of this passage, it is not clear exactly when these events took place. David took the Philistine's head and brought it to Jerusalem, but he put his weapons in his ten - This passage is puzzling for neither Saul nor David lived at Jerusalem at this time. Presumably David in some way preserved the head to later be brought to Jerusalem when he reigned in that city. Not only did David preserve the severed head of Goliath, but the sword that severed the head (1Sa 21:9). Henry Morris on head...brought...to Jerusalem - At this time, Jerusalem was still in the hands of the Jebusites. Later, after David defeated the Jebusites and made Jerusalem his capital, was when he finally took the head to Jerusalem. Norman Geisler - go to page 148 in When Critics Ask for discussion of 1 SAMUEL 17:54—How could Goliath’s head be carried to Jerusalem when it was held then by the Jebusites. PROBLEM: When David killed Goliath and cut his head off, the city of Jerusalem was still in the hands of the Jebusites. David did not conquer the city until much later (2 Sam. 5:6–9). SOLUTION: It does not say that Goliath’s head was taken immediately to Jerusalem. But David took his trophy there eventually when he made Jerusalem the place of his throne. 1 Samuel 17:55 Now when Saul saw David going out against the Philistine, he said to Abner the commander of the army, "Abner, whose son is this young man?" And Abner said, "By your life, O king, I do not know." KJV 1 Samuel 17:55 And when Saul saw David go forth against the Philistine, he said unto Abner, the captain of the host, Abner, whose son is this youth? And Abner said, As thy soul liveth, O king, I cannot tell. NET 1 Samuel 17:55 Now as Saul watched David going out to fight the Philistine, he asked Abner, the general in command of the army, "Whose son is this young man, Abner?" Abner replied, "As surely as you live, O king, I don't know." CSB 1 Samuel 17:55 When Saul had seen David going out to confront the Philistine, he asked Abner the commander of the army, "Whose son is this youth, Abner?" "My king, as surely as you live, I don't know," Abner replied. ESV 1 Samuel 17:55 As soon as Saul saw David go out against the Philistine, he said to Abner, the commander of the army, "Abner, whose son is this youth?" And Abner said, "As your soul lives, O king, I do not know." NIV 1 Samuel 17:55 As Saul watched David going out to meet the Philistine, he said to Abner, commander of the army, "Abner, whose son is that young man?" Abner replied, "As surely as you live, O king, I don't know." NLT 1 Samuel 17:55 As Saul watched David go out to fight the Philistine, he asked Abner, the commander of his army, "Abner, whose son is this young man?" "I really don't know," Abner declared. NRS 1 Samuel 17:55 When Saul saw David go out against the Philistine, he said to Abner, the commander of the army, "Abner, whose son is this young man?" Abner said, "As your soul lives, O king, I do not know." NJB 1 Samuel 17:55 When Saul saw David going to engage the Philistine he said to Abner, the army commander, 'Abner, whose son is that boy?' 'On your life, O king,' Abner replied, 'I do not know.' NAB 1 Samuel 17:55 (When Saul saw David go out to meet the Philistine, he asked his general Abner, "Abner, whose son is that youth?" Abner replied, "As truly as your majesty is alive, I have no idea." YLT 1 Samuel 17:55 And when Saul seeth David going out to meet the Philistine, he hath said unto Abner, head of the host, 'Whose son is this -- the youth, Abner?' and Abner saith, 'Thy soul liveth, O king, I have not known.' whose son: 1Sa 17:58 16:21,22 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries WHO DAT MAN? WHO'S SON IS HE? The fans of the New Orleans Saints football team used this chant "Who Dat?" which is short for "Who's that?" The entire chant was "Who dat? Who dat? Who dat say dey gonna beat dem Saints?" Now when Saul saw David going out against the Philistine, he said to Abner the commander of the army, "Abner, whose son is this young man?" And Abner said, "By your life, O king, I do not know - Saul was ever on the lookout for valiant warriors for "when Saul saw any mighty man or any valiant man, he attached him to his staff. (1Sa 14:52+) So clearly he was interested in the young man who slew the giant Goliath. The question arises as to how could it be that Saul could not recognized the"sweet psalmist" who played his hark with the result that the evil spirit departed Saul (1Sa 16:23)? See the following explanation by Gotquestions.org. Compare 1Sa17:55-56. The order of events is: (1) David, whose skill on the harp and whose valor in the combat with the lion or the bear (1 Sam 17:34 - 36) were known to one of the servants of Saul, was brought to play before the king (1 Sam 16:17 - 23). (2) David returned to Bethlehem (1 Sam 17:15). (3) David was sent to Saul's camp (1 Sam 17:17 - 18) and performed his great exploit. And (4) Saul's question (1 Sam 17:55 - 56) implied only that he had forgotten the name of David's father - certainly not remarkable in an oriental king. QUESTION - Why does Saul ask who David is, when he had met him earlier (1 Samuel 17:55)? (ED: NOTE THAT IS NOT EXACTLY WHAT HE ASKED IN THIS VERSE - VERSE 55 -- HE ACTUALLY ASKS WHO DAVID'S FATHER WAS. IN V58 HE AGAIN ASKS "WHOSE SON ARE YOU.") ANSWER - First Samuel 17 relates the famous battle between David and Goliath. Young David had heard and seen the giant Philistine taunting the armies of Israel, and David said he would volunteer to fight him (verse 32). Word of David’s offer reached King Saul, who summoned David, interviewed him, and sent him out to fight Goliath (verses 31–37). As David went out to face the giant, Saul looked on. The king then asked Abner, the commander of the army, “Whose son is that young man?” (1 Samuel 17:55). This question has caused some puzzlement, since in the previous chapter, David had been employed to play the lyre for Saul. The king knew David’s name and had been told who his father was (1 Samuel 16:14–23). There are several possible explanations for why Saul asks about David in chapter 17 after he had been introduced to him in chapter 16. As a preface, we should note that Saul was not inquiring of the identity of David per se in chapter 17; rather, he was asking who David’s father was (verses 55, 56, and 58). We assume he knew David’s name. David’s answer, in verse 58, is, “I am the son of your servant Jesse of Bethlehem.” One explanation for why King Saul asked the identity of David’s father is simply that he had forgotten whose son David was. Saul had been told about Jesse (1 Samuel 16:18), and he had even had correspondence with him (verses 19–22), but it’s not unreasonable to think that the name had slipped Saul’s mind. We assume that kings have a lot of information to keep track of, and we understand if Saul did not regularly review the names of all the people in his realm. Saul needed to know the name of David’s father to deliver the prize promised to the one who defeated Goliath. In 1 Samuel 17:25, Saul had promised great wealth and the king’s daughter in marriage to the man who killed the giant. Saul had also promised the family of the victor tax exemption. In order for Jesse to receive this benefit, Saul had to confirm that’s who David was. Another possibility is that Saul’s question was meant to inquire of David’s background in general, rather than the specifics of his family. Where does this boy come from? From what tribe is he? What clan? Another possible explanation for why Saul asked the identity of David’s father is that the events of 1 Samuel 17 occurred chronologically prior to those of chapter 16. In this case, David’s stepping forward to fight Goliath was the first time Saul had met David. In any event, the killing of Goliath proved that David was a truly obedient servant of God who was concerned with the interests of his Heavenly Father and his Father’s people (cf. John 8:29). Jesus, the Son of David, likewise stepped forward in the power of God to slay the giants who kept us cowering in fear (see Colossians 2:15 and Revelation 5:5).GotQuestions.org 1 Samuel 17:56 The king said, "You inquire whose son the youth is." KJV 1 Samuel 17:56 And the king said, Enquire thou whose son the stripling is. NET 1 Samuel 17:56 The king said, "Find out whose son this boy is!" CSB 1 Samuel 17:56 The king said, "Find out whose son this young man is!" ESV 1 Samuel 17:56 And the king said, "Inquire whose son the boy is." NIV 1 Samuel 17:56 The king said, "Find out whose son this young man is." NLT 1 Samuel 17:56 "Well, find out who he is!" the king told him. NRS 1 Samuel 17:56 The king said, "Inquire whose son the stripling is." NJB 1 Samuel 17:56 The king said, 'Find out whose son the lad is.' NAB 1 Samuel 17:56 And the king said, "Find out whose son the lad is." YLT 1 Samuel 17:56 And the king saith, 'Ask thou whose son this is -- the young man.' 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries SAUL QUESTIONS DAVID'S IDENTITY The king said, "You inquire whose son the youth is - This text reiterates that at this time Saul did not recognize David. See the following explanation. Walter Kaiser - go to page 185 in Hard Sayings of the Bible for discussion of the question - Why Did Saul Ask David’s Identity? Saul’s questions about the identity of David in 1 Samuel 17 create a rather difficult problem in light of 1 Samuel 16, especially 1 Samuel 16:14–23. It would appear from chapter 16 that by the time of David’s slaying of Goliath Saul had already been introduced to David and knew him quite well. The traditional way of resolving this dilemma in non-evangelical circles is to suppose that these two accounts stem from independent traditions. Thus the confusion over whether David’s debut at court preceded his conquest of the Philistine is unnecessary, since the stories come from different sources and do not intend to reflect what really happened so much as teach a truth. However, this resolution of the matter is not attractive to most who take the claims of the Bible more straightforwardly. The difficulty continues: how could Saul—and Abner too—be ignorant about this lad who had been Saul’s armor-bearer and musician? Some have blamed Saul’s diseased and failing mental state. On this view, the evil spirit from God had brought on a type of mental malady that affected his memory. Persons suffering from certain types of mania or insanity often forget the closest of their friends. Others have argued that the hustle and bustle of court life, with its multiplicity of servants and attendants, meant that Saul could have easily forgotten David, especially if the time was long between David’s service through music and his slaying of Goliath. Yet a long period of time does not appear to have separated these events. Furthermore, David was a regular member of Saul’s retinue (1 Sam 16:21). A third option is to suggest that Saul was not asking for David’s identity, which he knew well enough. Instead he was attempting to learn what his father’s social position and worth were, for he was concerned what type of stock his future son-in-law might come from. (Remember, whoever was successful in killing Goliath would win the hand of Saul’s daughter, according to the terms of Saul’s challenge.) While this might explain Saul’s motives, does it explain Abner’s lack of knowledge? Or must we posit that he also knew who David was but had no idea what his social status and lineage were? Possibly! The most plausible explanation, and the one favored by most older commentators, is that the four events in the history of Saul and David in 1 Samuel 16–18 are not given in chronological order. Instead, they are transposed by a figure of speech known as hysterologia, in which something is put last that according to the usual order should be put first. For example, the Genesis 10 account of the dispersion of the nations comes before the cause of it—the confusion of languages at the tower of Babel in Genesis 11. The fact that the order has been rearranged for special purposes in 1 Samuel 16–18 can be seen from the fact that the Vaticanus manuscript of the Septuagint deletes twenty-nine verses in all (1 Sam 17:12–31 and 17:55–18:5). E. W. Bullinger suggested that the text was rearranged in order to bring together certain facts, especially those about the Spirit of God. Thus in 1 Samuel 16:1–13 David is anointed and the Spirit of God comes upon him. Then, in order to contrast this impartation of the Spirit of God with the removal of the Spirit from Saul, 1 Samuel 16:14–23 is brought forward from later history. In the straightforward order of events, Bullinger suggests, it should follow 18:9. First Samuel 17:1–18:9 records an event earlier in the life of David, which is introduced here in a parenthetical way as an illustration of 1 Samuel 14:52. This section is just an instance of what 14:52 claims. The whole section, therefore, has this construction: A 16:1–13 David annointed. The Spirit comes on him. B 16:14–23 Saul rejected. The Spirit departs from him. An evil spirit torments him. A 17:1–18:9 David. An earlier incident in his life. B 18:10–30 Saul. The Spirit departs and an evil spirit troubles him. Thus the narration alternates between David and Saul, creating a didactic contrast between the Spirit of God and the evil spirit that tormented Saul. The focus is on the spiritual state of the two men, not the historical order of events. All too frequently, the books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings are given the label “Historical Books” rather than the more correct label “Earlier Prophets.” They aim at teaching lessons from the prophetic eye of inspiration rather than simply providing a chronicle of how events occurred in time and history. That these texts appear in topical, rather than chronological, order is the best explanation, especially when we note how the theology of the text is embedded in it. See also comment on GENESIS 11:1–9; 1 SAMUEL 8–12. 1 Samuel 17:57 So when David returned from killing the Philistine, Abner took him and brought him before Saul with the Philistine's head in his hand. KJV 1 Samuel 17:57 And as David returned from the slaughter of the Philistine, Abner took him, and brought him before Saul with the head of the Philistine in his hand. NET 1 Samuel 17:57 So when David returned from striking down the Philistine, Abner took him and brought him before Saul. He still had the head of the Philistine in his hand. CSB 1 Samuel 17:57 When David returned from killing the Philistine, Abner took him and brought him before Saul with the Philistine's head still in his hand. ESV 1 Samuel 17:57 And as soon as David returned from the striking down of the Philistine, Abner took him, and brought him before Saul with the head of the Philistine in his hand. NIV 1 Samuel 17:57 As soon as David returned from killing the Philistine, Abner took him and brought him before Saul, with David still holding the Philistine's head. NLT 1 Samuel 17:57 As soon as David returned from killing Goliath, Abner brought him to Saul with the Philistine's head still in his hand. NRS 1 Samuel 17:57 On David's return from killing the Philistine, Abner took him and brought him before Saul, with the head of the Philistine in his hand. NJB 1 Samuel 17:57 When David came back after killing the Philistine, Abner took him and brought him before Saul with the Philistine's head in his hand. NAB 1 Samuel 17:57 So when David returned from slaying the Philistine, Abner took him and presented him to Saul. David was still holding the Philistine's head. YLT 1 Samuel 17:57 And when David turneth back from smiting the Philistine, then Abner taketh him and bringeth him in before Saul, and the head of the Philistine in his hand; the head: 1Sa 17:54 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries DAVID CONSCRIPTED INTO SAUL'S ARMY So when David returned from killing the Philistine, Abner took him and brought him before Saul with the Philistine's head in his hand. Norman Geisler - go to page 149 in When Critics Ask for discussion of 1 SAMUEL 17:57–58—Why did Saul not recognize his harp player David as the one who killed Goliath? PROBLEM: In 1 Samuel 16, Saul hired David to play the harp for him, and yet, in chapter 17, after David killed Goliath the giant, Saul did not seem to recognize who he was. SOLUTION: There are two possibilities here. First, it would not be unusual that a busy preoccupied king had not taken enough notice of this humble hired musician so as to recognize him as the same person who killed Goliath. However, once David performed the notable feat of killing the giant, the king could not help but take note of him and ask who he was. On the other hand, it is possible that Saul knew who David was, but, after David had performed this feat, was only inquiring who David’s father was. This fits the exact nature of Saul’s question which was, “Whose son are you, young man?” (17:58). Had he not recognized David he should have asked “What is your name?” Saul was known for placing the most valiant men in his bodyguard (14:52). Saul may have wondered if David had any more brave brothers. Or he may have simply wished for more complete identification of this brave young man so that he could properly reward his extraordinary accomplishment. In either case there is no contradiction here. 1 Samuel 17:58 Saul said to him, "Whose son are you, young man?" And David answered, "I am the son of your servant Jesse the Bethlehemite." KJV 1 Samuel 17:58 And Saul said to him, Whose son art thou, thou young man? And David answered, I am the son of thy servant Jesse the Bethlehemite. NET 1 Samuel 17:58 Saul said to him, "Whose son are you, young man?" David replied, "I am the son of your servant Jesse in Bethlehem." CSB 1 Samuel 17:58 Saul said to him, "Whose son are you, young man?" "The son of your servant Jesse of Bethlehem," David answered. ESV 1 Samuel 17:58 And Saul said to him, "Whose son are you, young man?" And David answered, "I am the son of your servant Jesse the Bethlehemite." NIV 1 Samuel 17:58 "Whose son are you, young man?" Saul asked him. David said, "I am the son of your servant Jesse of Bethlehem." NLT 1 Samuel 17:58 "Tell me about your father, young man," Saul said.And David replied, "His name is Jesse, and we live in Bethlehem." NRS 1 Samuel 17:58 Saul said to him, "Whose son are you, young man?" And David answered, "I am the son of your servant Jesse the Bethlehemite." NJB 1 Samuel 17:58 Saul asked him, 'Whose son are you, young man?' David replied, 'The son of your servant Jesse of Bethlehem.' NAB 1 Samuel 17:58 Saul then asked him, "Whose son are you, young man?" David replied, "I am the son of your servant Jesse of Bethlehem." YLT 1 Samuel 17:58 and Saul saith unto him, 'Whose son art thou, O youth?' and David saith, 'Son of thy servant Jesse, the Beth-Lehemite.' Whose son: To account for the apparent inconsistency of Saul not knowing David, see the Note at the end of ver. 31. I am the son: 1Sa 17:12 16:18,19 1 Samuel 17 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries WHOSE SON ARE YOU? Saul said to him, "Whose son are you, young man?" And David answered, "I am the son of your servant Jesse the Bethlehemite." Gleason Archer - go to page 179 in The Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties for the discussion of the topic - In 1 Samuel 16:19–21 Saul recognizes David as the son of Jesse, but in 1 Sa 17:58 Saul is said to have asked David, “Whose son art thou?” How can the two be reconciled? It is true that Saul had already been introduced to David (1 Sam. 16:18) as “a son of Jesse the Bethlehemite who is a skillful musician, a mighty man of valor, a warrior, one prudent in speech, and a handsome man” (NASB). But it should be noted also that up until the contest with Goliath, David had shown to King Saul only his artistic side; and then David had been permitted to return home to Bethlehem. It is altogether true to life for Saul to see David in an entirely new light and to show a keen interest in his background. Apparently General Abner had no previous acquaintance with David except as a harp player and so was not even aware of Jesse’s name (17:55). Abner had not been involved in David’s earlier introduction to the palace as a soothing musician (16:18); rather, one of Saul’s “young men” (that is, a retainer of the royal bodyguard) had mentioned Jesse’s name to Saul. Saul’s rekindled interest, however, went far beyond the name of David’s father—even though that was his lead-off question. It is quite apparent that Saul wanted to know whether there were any more at home like him; this was in line with his standard policy set forth in 1 Samuel 14:52: “When Saul saw any mighty man or any valiant man, he attached him to his staff” (NASB). That is to say, Saul was intent on building up a first-class bodyguard of champion fighters, and he saw in David a promising lead to obtaining more soldiers like him. From 18:1 we are informed that David then carried on a fairly extensive conversation with Saul, going far beyond the giving of his own father’s name. Thus we find that when we view the two episodes in their own context and situation, they turn out to be very true to life; and there is no real contradiction between them.