Êxodo 29
Charles Spurgeon · Citado em PreceptAustin
Êxodo 29
Spurgeon - “The Hebrew word means more than lightly placing the hand, it gives the idea of pressing hard upon the bullock’s head. They came each one and leaned upon the victim, loading him with their burden, signifying their acceptance of its substitution, their joy that the Lord would accept that victim in their stead. When they put their hands on the bullock, they made a confession of sin.” and Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the bull - The laying on of hands is a symbolic picture of the transfer of their sins to their "substitute" a clear foreshadowing of the substitutionary atonement (see note below) of the Lamb of God for all who place their faith in Him. One of the clearest NT passages that teaches this important doctrine is (2 Corinthians 5:21+) " He made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf (IN OUR PLACE - THIS IS THE IDEA OF SUBSTITUTION), so that (PURPOSE?) we might become the righteousness of God in Him." We owed a debt we could not pay. He paid a debt He did not owe. John Currid - it is clear that whenever this verbal form (shall lay their hands on) is used it indicates ‘the pouring of one’s personality into another being, the creation of a representative or substitute’. In other words, what we see is a case of transference, in which the unholiness and impure nature of the priesthood are transferred to the animal. The animal is then sacrificed, thus making atonement for those men. Alan
Êxodo 29
Spurgeon - “Yes, brethren, we need to know that double anointing, the blood of Jesus which cleanses, and the oil of the Holy Spirit which perfumes us. It is well to see how these two blend in one … It is a terrible blunder to set the blood and the oil in opposition, they must always go together. Currid - The sprinkling of the blood and the anointing oil on Aaron, his sons and their clothes is the consummate sign of the consecration of the priesthood. Blood now covers all aspects of the scene: the horns, sides and base of the altar; the priests’ right ear-lobes, thumbs and big toes; and the priests themselves, along with their clothing. All have been purified and set apart unto service to God. The consecration of the garments of the priesthood plays an interesting role in the later story of the sin of Nadab and Abihu (Lev. 10). These two priests, sons of Aaron, came before Yahweh and offered ‘strange fire’ (Lev 10:1). They were themselves consumed by fire that came directly from God. Afterwards, Moses called for Mishael and Elzaphan to remove the rebels’ bodies ‘to the outside of the camp. So they drew near and they lifted them by their tunics to the outside of the camp’ (Lev 10:4–5). Although Nadab and Abihu had been destroyed by fire, their priestly tunics had not been consumed. Although the men were profane, their garments were not! Bush - Upon the garments. This was merely to carry out in all its completeness, and in reference to every thing about them, the significant rite of the sprinkled blood. The apostle tells us, Heb. 9:22, that ‘almost all things were by the law purged with blood’; and as the sacred garments were the badge of that office which enabled them to be instrumental in sanctifying and purifying others, it was manifestly proper that they should themselves receive fully the sign of the same cleansing and consecrating influence. ‘We reckon,’ says Henry, ‘that the blood and oil, sprinkled upon garments, spotted and stained them; yet the holy oil and the blood of the sacrifice, sprinkled upon their garments, must be looked upon as the greatest adorning imaginable to them, for they signified the blood of Christ, and the graces of the Spirit, which constitute and complete the beauty of holiness, and recommend us to God. We read of robes ‘made white with the blood of the Lamb.’ Exodus 29:22 "You shall also take the fat from the ram and the fat tail, and the fat that covers the entrails and the lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them and the right thigh (for it is a ram of ordination), You shall also take: Ex 29:13 Lev 8:25-27 and the fat tail: Lev 3:9 7:3 9:19 right thigh Lev 7:32,33 9:21 10:14 Nu 18:18 Exodus 29 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries THE RAM OF ORDINATION You shall also take the fat from the ram and the fat tail, and the fat that covers the entrails and the lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them and the right thigh (for it is a ram of ordination) - "The second ram used in the consecration ceremony—the ram whose blood was applied to the ear, hand, and foot of the priest—was used as a heave offering and peace offerings." (Guzik) Ram of ordination is literally “the ram of filling.” As Kaiser says "The choice parts of this ram along with the unleavened bread, oiled cake, and wafer (v.23) were to “fill” the hands of Aaron and his sons and to be used as a “wave offering” (v.24)." Currid - The statement that the animal ‘is a ram of consecration’ is important because normally the priests would keep the wave offering for the support of themselves and their families. In this unusual instance, the wave offering is offered up in flames on the altar (Ex 29:25). Exodus 29:23 and one cake of bread and one cake of bread mixed with oil and one wafer from the basket of unleavened bread which is set before the LORD; Ex 29:2,3 Exodus 29 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries and one cake of bread and one cake of bread mixed with oil and one wafer from the basket of unleavened bread which is set before the LORD; Exodus 29:24 and you shall put all these in the hands of Aaron and in the hands of his sons, and shall wave them as a wave offering before the LORD. put: Lev 8:27 a wave: Ex 29:26,27 Lev 7:30 9:21 10:14 Exodus 29 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries wave them: Heb. shake to and fro and you shall put all these in the hands of Aaron and in the hands of his sons, and shall wave them as a wave offering before the LORD - The meaning of the ritual is unclear Kaiser - The waving was not from side to side but toward the altar and back, showing that the sacrifice was given to God and then received back by the priest for his use (cf. Lev 7:30; 23:20). Everything that had been waved except the “breast of the ram” (v.26) was then to be burned on the altar (v.25). NET Note suggests - The “wave offering” is תְּנוּפָה (ténufah); it is, of course, cognate with the verb, but an adverbial accusative rather than the direct object. In Lev 23 this seems to be a sacrificial gesture of things that are for the priests—but they present them first to Yahweh and then receive them back from him. So the waving is not side to side, but forward to Yahweh and then back to the priest. Here it is just an induction into that routine, since this is the ordination of the priests and the gifts are not yet theirs. So this will all be burned on the altar. Exodus 29:25 "You shall take them from their hands, and offer them up in smoke on the altar on the burnt offering for a soothing aroma before the LORD; it is an offering by fire to the LORD. You shall take them Lev 7:29-31 8:28 Ps 99:6 offering: Ex 29:41 Lev 1:9,13 2:2,9,16 3:3,5,9,11,14,16 7:5,25 10:13 1Sa 2:28 Exodus 29 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries You shall take them from their hands, and offer them up in smoke on the altar on the burnt offering for a soothing aroma before the LORD; it is an offering by fire to the LORD Currid - All that has been placed in the hands of the priesthood—the fat, the fat tail, the fat covering the entrails, the appendage of the liver, the two kidneys (and their fat), the right thigh and the three different types of baked goods—is now to be taken from the priests and offered in fire on the altar. All these parts are to be sacrificed on top of the first ram that had already been burnt on the altar (29:18). Exodus 29:26 "Then you shall take the breast of Aaron's ram of ordination, and wave it as a wave offering before the LORD; and it shall be your portion. the breast: Lev 8:29 it shall be thy: Ps 99:6 Exodus 29 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Currid - Succession of the priesthood (Exodus 29:26–30) - The ceremonies that we have been discussing deal primarily with the first installation of the high priest and the establishment of the ordinary priesthood in Israel at Mount Sinai. But now God gives a few commands regarding the future of the priesthood in Israel, and the succession of priests after the time of Aaron and his sons. Then you shall take the breast of Aaron's ram of ordination, and wave it as a wave offering before the LORD; and it shall be your portion - This is the second ram sacrificed (Ex 29:22). The breast of this ram was set apart for Moses who had officiated. When we get into Leviticus, the breast will belong to the priests who officiate and used to feed their families (Lev 7:31-34, Lev 10:14). Criswell - vv. 26-28) Those who served at the altar would be entitled to certain "priestly portions" of the sacrifices set aside for the sustenance of the priests (Lev. 7:31, 34; 10:14; Num. 18:8, 11). See chart, "The Levitical Offerings," Lev. 1:2. Exodus 29:27 "You shall consecrate the breast of the wave offering and the thigh of the heave offering which was waved and which was offered from the ram of ordination, from the one which was for Aaron and from the one which was for his sons. Heb 7:28 Lev 7:37 8:28-31 the breast: Lev 7:31-34 8:29 9:21 10:15 Nu 6:20 18:11,18,19 De 18:3 Exodus 29 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries You shall consecrate the breast of the wave offering and the thigh of the heave offering which was waved and which was offered from the ram of ordination, from the one which was for Aaron and from the one which was for his sons. NET Note - These are the two special priestly offerings: the wave offering (from the verb “to wave”) and the “presentation offering” (older English: heave offering; from a verb “to be high,” in Hiphil meaning “to lift up,” an item separated from the offering, a contribution). The two are then clarified with two corresponding relative clauses containing two Hophals: “which was waved and which was presented.” In making sacrifices, the breast and the thigh belong to the priests. Currid adds that "This comment interrupts the flow of the initial ceremony of the installation of the priesthood in Israel. Its purpose is to establish that the wave offering given to Moses in the previous verse is a unique event. From now on, when priests are ordained, and when other ceremonies occur in which wave offerings are used, the wave offerings will be given to the officiating priests (Lev. 7:31)." Exodus 29:28 "It shall be for Aaron and his sons as their portion forever from the sons of Israel, for it is a heave offering; and it shall be a heave offering from the sons of Israel from the sacrifices of their peace offerings, even their heave offering to the LORD. NET Exodus 29:28 It is to belong to Aaron and to his sons from the Israelites, by a perpetual ordinance, for it is a contribution. It is to be a contribution from the Israelites from their peace offerings, their contribution to the LORD. NLT Exodus 29:28 In the future, whenever the people of Israel lift up a peace offering, a portion of it must be set aside for Aaron and his descendants. This is their permanent right, and it is a sacred offering from the Israelites to the LORD. ESV Exodus 29:28 It shall be for Aaron and his sons as a perpetual due from the people of Israel, for it is a contribution. It shall be a contribution from the people of Israel from their peace offerings, their contribution to the LORD. NIV Exodus 29:28 This is always to be the regular share from the Israelites for Aaron and his sons. It is the contribution the Israelites are to make to the LORD from their fellowship offerings. Aaron's: Lev 7:32-34 10:14,15 De 18:3 heave: Ex 29:27 Lev 7:14,34 Nu 15:19,20 18:24,29 31:29,41 sacrifice: Lev 3:1 7:11-38 Exodus 29 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries UBS Handbook on Exodus suggests "It is possible to combine verse 27 and 28 in the following way - "In the future, when any Israelite offers the breast and thigh of a ram to me, either to ordain a priest or to restore fellowship with other people, the meat is dedicated to Me [or, belongs to Me], and the priests are to eat it. This law will never change." It shall be for Aaron and his sons as their portion forever (olam) from the sons of Israel, for it is a heave (lifted) offering - NET = "It is to belong to Aaron and to his sons from the Israelites, by a perpetual ordinance, for it is a contribution." NLT = "In the future, whenever the people of Israel lift up a peace offering, a portion of it must be set aside for Aaron and his descendants. This is their permanent right." and it shall be a heave (lifted) offering from the sons of Israel from the sacrifices of their peace offerings, even their heave (lifted) offering to the LORD - NET = "It is to be a contribution from the Israelites from their peace offerings, their contribution to the LORD." NIV = "It is the contribution the Israelites are to make to the LORD from their fellowship offerings." Kaiser - “The breast that was waved and the thigh that was presented” (Ex 29:27) of every animal given as a fellowship offering were henceforth given to the priests. Currid on to the LORD - And the words ‘to Yahweh’ are generic, signifying that the offerings are given for the work and service of Yahweh. Thus, the contributions belong to Yahweh, who in turn gives them to his priests. Exodus 29:29 "The holy garments of Aaron shall be for his sons after him, that in them they may be anointed and ordained. holy: Ex 28:3,4 his: Nu 20:26-28 anointed: Ex 29:5-7 30:30 40:15 Lev 8:7-12 Nu 18:8 35:25 Exodus 29 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries INSTRUCTIONS OF THE FUTURE PRIESTHOOD The holy garments of Aaron shall be for his sons after him, that in them they may be anointed and ordained (lit = "for filling the hands"). Recall that the holy garments of Aaron are unique and reserved only for him. When it says for his sons after him of course in each generation only one son (presumable the firstborn) would attain to the status the High Priest. That in them, refers to the priestly garments like Aaron had worn, in which the succeeding High Priests would they be anointed and ordained. Exodus 29:30 "For seven days the one of his sons who is priest in his stead shall put them on when he enters the tent of meeting to minister in the holy place. the one of his sons, Nu 20:28 Heb 7:26 seven days: Ex 29:35 12:15 Ge 8:10,12 Lev 8:33-35 9:1,8 12:2,3 13:5 Jos 6:14,15 Eze 43:26 Ac 20:6,7 Exodus 29 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries CONSECRATION PROCESS FOR SEVEN DAYS For seven days the one of his sons who is priest in his stead shall put them on when he enters the tent of meeting to minister in the holy place - In other words the next High Priest would wear Aaron's garments for seven days, where seven as often in Scripture speaks of completeness. In other words after the seven days the ceremony would be completed.