Salmos 119
Bruce Hurt · Citado em PreceptAustin
Salmos 119
PSALM 118 PSALM 121 CLICK HERE FOR LINKS TO SPURGEON'S EXPOSITIONS IN "THE TREASURY OF DAVID" The unfolding of Thy Word gives light. It gives understanding to the simple. Psalm 119:1 Aleph. How blessed are those whose way is blameless, Who walk in the law of the LORD. Blessed Ps 1:1-3 32:1,2 112:1 128:1 Mt 5:3-12 Lu 11:28 Joh 13:17 Jas 1:25 Rev 22:14 blameless, 2Ki 20:3 2Ch 31:20,21 Job 1:1,8 Joh 1:47 Ac 24:16 2Co 1:12 Tit 2:11,12 walk Eze 11:20 Ho 14:9 Lu 1:6 1Th 4:1,2 GOD'S FORMULA FOR BLESSING Note that in the Septuagint (Lxx) this verse begins with the great word ALLELOUIA which means "Praise Yahweh" hallelujah, praise the LORD. As you read these comments on Psalm 119 you will notice that there are frequent references to the Septuagint translation of the passage as the Greek words often add significant insights to the meaning of the verse. Therefore, in a sense, the Septuagint functions somewhat like a "commentary" on the Hebrew text. And remember that many (if not most) of the OT quotations by the writers of the NT are taken not from the Hebrew text but from the Greek text, the Septuagint. How blessed are those whose way is blameless - The blessing of obedience. Way refers to one's way of life or conduct. Jesus declared "blessed are those who hear the word of God and observe it.” (Luke 11:28+) Obedience is the key to blessing in both the Old and New Testament. God desires to bless His children because they are, so to speak, His trophies of redemption, His re-creations in Christ, and as such He desires the lost world to see His glory through His believing, obedient children. This begs the question -- Are you shining for Jesus? (cf Mt 5:16+, Phil 2:15+, 2 Pe 3:11, 12+) Psalm 1:1+ is the key to blessing - "How blessed (HEBREW LITERALLY "BLESSED, BLESSED" = EMPHASIS) is the man who does not walk (conduct himself) in the counsel of the wicked, Nor stand in the path of sinners, Nor sit in the seat of scoffers!" In fact, if we fail to carry out Psalm 1:1+, we will hardly have a holy desire to carry out verse 2 and the indescribable blessing associated with it. Psalm 1:2-3+ says "But (WHAT IS THE CONTRAST? WALKING...STANDING..SITTING...IN SIN!) his delight (IF WE ARE "DELIGHTING" IN THE TEMPORAL DELICACIES OF THIS FALLEN UNGODLY WORLD OUR APPETITE GOD'S ETERNAL, HOLY WORD WILL BE NIL!) is in the law of the LORD, And in His law he meditates (Hebrew - hagah; Lxx - meletao = carefully think about, cultivate, meditate - see invaluable value of meditation) day and night (HOW OFTEN?). He will be like a tree firmly planted by streams of water, Which yields its fruit in its season And its leaf does not wither; And in whatever he does, he prospers." Blessed (0835)('esher/'eser related to the verb 'ashar = to go or be straight, to go on, to advance, to be right) and always refers to people but never to God. Vine writes that "Basically, this word connotes the state of “prosperity” or “happiness” that comes when a superior bestows his favor (blessing) on one. In most passages, the one bestowing favor is God Himself = Dt. 33:29. Used twice in Psalm 119 - Ps. 119:1; Ps. 119:2. Septuagint - Blessed (3107)(makarios from root makar, but others say from mak = large or lengthy) means to be happy, but not in the usual sense of happiness based on positive circumstances. From the Biblical perspective Makarios describes the person who is free from daily cares and worries because his every breath and circumstance is in the hands of His Maker Who gives him such an assurance (such a "blessing"). As discussed below makarios was used to describe the kind of happiness that comes from receiving divine favor. Used in both Ps 119:1,2. Blameless (without defect or blemish, perfect, integrity) (08549)(tamim from the verb tamam = to be complete, entire or whole literal sense in Lev 3:9, Ezek 15:5, refers to a action which is completed) has both physical (without defect) and spiritual (blameless, devout, upright) significance. Tamim has the fundamental idea of completeness or wholeness. Tamim deals primarily with a state of moral or ceremonial purity Septuagint - Above reproach (beyond reproach, blameless, faultless, unblemished) (299)(amomos from a = without, not + momos = spot, blemish in physical sense or moral sense, blot, flaw, shame or disgrace {as a moral disgrace}) is literally without spot or blemish (blot, blight). It was used literally of the absence of defects in sacrificial animals. Figuratively, it means morally (spiritually) blameless, unblemished by the marring of sin, a perfect description of the Lamb of God. How incredibly incomprehensible that sinners such as we can be described with the same adjective (amomos) used to describe our incomparable, sinless Lord! O the wonder of the "cleansing power" of the Lamb's precious blood, which washes us Whiter than the Snow. Here is a beautiful old Maranatha chorus. “Come now, and let us reason together,” Says the LORD, “Though your sins are as scarlet, They will be as white as snow; Though they are red like crimson, They will be like wool. (Isa 1:18+) Hallelujah. Thank You Jesus! Who walk in the law of the LORD - Walk is the verb corresponding to noun way for our walk describes the way we continually (Septuagint = poreuomai in present tense = continually, middle voice = reflexive = initiate the action and participate in results thereof) conduct ourselves. Blameless is who we are to be within, in our heart, and walking blamelessly shows who we really are. Our walk will ultimately reveal our heart. The reward for a walk of integrity is being blessed by the Almighty God! In short, the blameless are blessed! 🙏 THOUGHT - When we walk in the law of the LORD the idea is that we conduct ourselves in the sphere of the God's law. Think of a fish in a bowl. What keeps the fish alive? Water of course. The fish lives or conducts itself in the sphere or atmosphere of the water. No water, no life! By analogy the law of the LORD is our "water," our source of true spiritual life (as energized of course by the Holy Spirit - cf 2 Cor 3:5,6+, Jn 6:63+, Jn 7:37,38,39+) Moses said it this way... "Take (not a suggestion but a command) to your heart (NOT JUST YOUR HEAD BUT YOUR HEART! Septuagint translates with prosecho = pay attention to, devote yourself, hold your mind to in present imperative see our need to depend on the Holy Spirit to obey) all (OT AND NT!) the words (MEMORIZE THEM SO YOU CAN MEDITATE ON THEM!) with which I am warning you today, which you shall command your sons to observe carefully, even all the words of this law. 47 “For (TERM OF EXPLANATION) IT (THE WORD OF GOD) is not an idle (EMPTY, VAIN, USELESS) WORD for you; indeed IT IS YOUR LIFE (COULD GOD HAVE BEEN ANY CLEARER REGARDING HOW IMPORTANT THE WORD IS TO OUR LIFE!). And by this word you will prolong your days in the land, which you are about to cross the Jordan to possess.” (Deuteronomy 32:46-47+) Jesus said it this way... “It is written,‘MAN SHALL NOT LIVE ON BREAD ALONE, BUT ON EVERY WORD THAT PROCEEDS OUT OF THE MOUTH OF GOD.” (Matthew 4:4+) 🙏 THOUGHT - Do you really believe the words of Moses and the words of Jesus? If you do, then you will show it by your daily choice (under grace, not law - cf Gal 3:3+) to read, memorize and meditate on the Word! If you really believe Moses and Jesus then you will immerse yourself (like a fish), by the washing of the water with the Word (Eph 5:26+), in the living and active Word of God (Heb 4:12+), so that you will be able (enabled by the Spirit - Php 2:13NLT+) to walk in the law of the LORD! Let it be true in each of our lives LORD God, that by Your Word, energized by Your Spirit, we would be enabled to walk for Your Glory (Mt 5:16+), in the Name of Jesus, the ever living Word of God (Rev 19:13+). Amen Charles Bridges - 1. Blessed are the undefiled in the way, who walk in the law of the Lord SUMMARY - The passage explains that this Psalm opens with a beatitude that directs the reader to true happiness, showing that blessing comes not from avoiding hardship but from deliverance from sin (Ps 1:1). The “undefiled” person is not sinless but sincere—one who walks honestly before God, guided by His Word and strengthened by His presence (Jn 1:47; Rom 7:15; Zech 10:12). Such a walk brings rich privileges: forgiveness, righteousness, fellowship with God and His people, divine protection, inward peace, spiritual fruitfulness, growing light, and the ultimate hope of seeing God and inheriting eternal life (Ps 32:1–2; Matt 5:8; Rev 22:14). The passage calls readers to self-examination regarding both the “way” of the heart and the daily “walk,” urging continual dependence on God through union with Christ (Ps 139:23–24; Gen 17:1). Finally, it reminds believers that even amid remaining defilement and inconsistency, their confidence rests in the gospel promise of ongoing advocacy and grace through Jesus Christ (1 Jn 2:1). This most interesting and instructive Psalm, like the Psalter itself, opens with a beatitude for our comfort and encouragement, directing us immediately to that happiness which all mankind in different ways are seeking and inquiring after (Ps 1:1). All would secure themselves from the incursions of misery; but all do not consider that misery is the offspring of sin, from which therefore it is necessary to be delivered and preserved, in order to become happy or “blessed.” The undefiled character described in this verse marks, in an evangelical sense, “an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile” (Jn 1:47; cf. Acts 24:16)—not one who is without sin, but one who in the sincerity of his heart can say, “that which I do I allow not” (Rom 7:15). As his way is, so is his “walk”—“in the law of the LORD.” He is strengthened in the LORD and walks up and down in His name (Zech 10:12), his ears hearing a word behind him, saying, “This is the way, walk ye in it,” when he turns to the right hand or to the left (Isa 30:21). And if the pardon of sin and imputation of righteousness (Ps 32:1–2; Rom 4:6–8), the communion of saints and a sense of acceptance with God (1 Jn 1:7), protection in providence and grace (2 Chr 16:9; Job 1:8, 10), and finally and forever the beatific vision (Matt 5:8) are the sealed privileges of God’s upright people, then there can be no doubt that “blessed are the undefiled in the way.” And if temporal prosperity (Josh 1:7–8; 1 Tim 4:8; 2 Chr 17:4–5), spiritual renovation and fruitfulness (Ps 1:2–3), increasing illumination (Jn 7:17), communion with the Savior (Jn 14:23; 15:14–15), peace within (Ps 119:163; Gal 6:16; Isa 32:17), and throughout eternity a right to the tree of life (Rev 22:14) are privileges of incalculable value, then surely the walk in the law of the LORD is “the path of pleasantness and peace.” Truly may we say, “God is good to Israel, even to such as are of a clean heart” (Ps 73:1). But let each of us ask—What is the “way” of my heart with God? Is it always an undefiled way? Is iniquity never regarded in the heart? Is all that God hates habitually lamented, abhorred, and forsaken? “Search me, O God…” (Ps 139:23–24). Again—What is my “walk?” Is it from the living principle of union with Christ? This is the direct and only source of spiritual life. We are first quickened in Him; then we walk in Him and after Him. Oh that this walk may be steady, consistent, and advancing! Oh that I may be ever listening to my Father’s voice, “I am the Almighty God; walk before Me, and be thou perfect” (Gen 17:1). And is there not enough of defilement in the most undefiled way, and enough of inconsistency in the most consistent walk, to endear to us the gracious declaration of the gospel—“If any man sin, we have an Advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the Righteous” (1 Jn 2:1)?
Salmos 119:18
NOTE: See Psalm 119 Commentary (under construction) OPEN MY EYES Psalm 119:18 Open my eyes, that I may behold wonderful things from Thy law. ESV: Open my eyes, that I may behold wondrous things out of Your law. KJV: Open thou mine eyes, that I may behold wondrous things out of Thy law. NET: Open my eyes so I can truly see the marvelous things in Your law! NLT Open my eyes to see the wonderful truths in Your instructions. This is a simple but powerful prayer for spiritual illumination, asking God by His Spirit to remove the scales from our natural, spiritually blind eyes, that we might see and receive supernatural truth. Spiritual truth cannot be apprehended in a natural way, but requires a supernatural means. J Vernon McGee on Ps 119:18 - This is the verse I used to begin the “Thru the Bible” program years ago when I first taught it in a little weather-beaten church on the side of a red clay hill in Georgia. I used this verse as a theme for many years. This is a good one—“Open thou mine eyes, that I may behold wondrous things out of thy law [thy word].” (Thru the Bible commentary) The Bible is filled with spiritual truth that can only be seen with an eye opened by the Spirit of God. Open (01540)(galah) means to uncover (sadly the first use = Noah uncovering himself after becoming drunk! - Ge 9:21, cp Lev 18:6 prohibiting "uncover nakedness" ~ sexual relations), to reveal (God revealed Himself to Jacob at Bethel, and thus the name El-Bethel - Ge 35:7. 2Sa 2:27), expose (Ex 20:26), open (God opened the eyes of Balaam to see the Angel of the LORD - Nu 22:31), reveal (Dt 29:29). Galah is used of not yet revealing the Word of the LORD to Samuel (1Sa 3:7) and of revealing Himself to Samuel (1Sa 3:21). The Lxx translates galah in Ps 119:18 with the verb apokalupto in the aorist imperative (command - I am always amazed that finite men could in any sense "command" God which speaks of His amazing grace and incomprehensible condescension! cp Ps 8:3-6). The verb apokalupto (from apó = from + kalúpto = cover, conceal, English = apocalypse - see study of apokalupsis) literally means to remove the cover from and so the idea is to remove that which conceals something. Almost all of the NT uses have a figurative use, especially to some aspect of spiritual truth that was heretofore hidden but now has the "lid removed" so that it can be seen (understood). We are continually in desperate need for God to remove the lid from His Word, the Bible, so that we might see and understand and obey! Moses uses this same verb to describe the opening of Balaam's eyes to spiritual realities! = "Then the LORD opened (galah; Lxx = apokalupto) the eyes of Balaam, and he saw the Angel of the LORD standing in the way with his drawn sword in his hand; and he bowed all the way to the ground." (Nu 22:31) While I would not advocate following most of Balaam's example, his bowing down when the truth was revealed (I think he saw the pre-incarnate Christ - Angel of the LORD) is a good practice for God's children to imitate. We don't worship the word revealed but we do bow down to the God Who is the Word (Jn 1:1-3)! Galah - 167x - Usage: away into exile(2), banished(1), betray(1), captives(1), captivity(1), carried(1), carried and away(1), carried into exile(4), carried them into exile(3), carried them away into exile(2), carried them captive(1), carried away(14), carried away into exile(10), carried away to exile(1), carried away captive(1), carried...away into exile(4), carry them away as exiles(2), certainly go(3), certainly go into captivity(1), committed(1), depart(1), departed(3), deported(1), disappears(1), discloses(2), disclosing(1), exile(8), exiled(4), exiles(1), expose(2), exposed(3), go from you into exile(1), go into exile(6), go exiled(1), gone into exile(1), indeed reveal(1), inform*(1), known*(2), laid bare(3), lay bare(1), led him captive(1), led away(3), led away into exile(3), led...away into exile(2), lift(1), made(1), make(2), open(4), opened(1), opens(3), published(2), remove(1), removed(3), reported(1), reveal(5), reveal*(1), revealed(12), revealed*(2), revealing(1), reveals(4), revelation*(1), sent into exile(1), sent you into exile(2), set forth(1), shamelessly uncovers(1), show(1), strip off(1), stripped(1), taken(1), taken into exile(1), things revealed(1), uncover(22), uncovered(22), uncovers(1), went into exile(1). Ge 9:21; 35:7 (He built an altar there, and called the place El-bethel, because there God had revealed Himself to him when he fled from his brother.); Ex 20:26; Lev 18:6ff; 20:11, 17ff; Num 22:31 (Then the LORD opened the eyes of Balaam, and he saw the angel of the LORD); Nu 24:4, 16; Deut 22:30; 27:20; 29:29; Jdg 18:30; Ruth 3:4, 7 (uncover his feet and lie down); Ru 4:4; 1Sam 2:27; 3:7, 21; 4:21f; 9:15; 14:8, 11; 20:2, 12f; 22:8, 17; 2 Sam 6:20; 7:27; 15:19; 22:16; 2Kgs 15:29; 16:9; 17:6, 11, 23, 26ff, 33; 18:11; 24:14f; 25:11, 21; 1Chr 5:6, 26; 6:15; 8:6f; 9:1; 17:25; 2Chr 36:20; Ezra 2:1; Neh 7:6; Esther 2:6; 3:14; 8:13; Job 12:22 (He reveals mysteries from the darkness And brings the deep darkness into light.); Job 20:27f; 33:16; 36:10, 15; 38:17; 41:13; Ps 18:15 (the foundations of the world were laid bare At Your rebuke); Ps 98:2 ("He has revealed His righteousness in the sight of the nations"); Ps 119:18; Pr 11:13 (reveals secrets); Pr 18:2 (only in revealing his own mind); Pr 20:19 (a slanderer reveals secrets); Pr 25:9 (do not reveal the secret of another,); Pr 26:26 (His wickedness will be revealed ~ exposed); Pr 27:5 ( Better is open rebuke), Pr 27:25; Isa 5:13; 16:3; 22:8, 14; 23:1; 24:11; 26:21; 38:12; 40:5; 47:2f; 49:9, 21; 53:1; 56:1; 57:8; Jer 1:3; 11:20; 13:19, 22; 20:4, 12; 22:12; 24:1; 27:20; 29:1, 4, 7, 14; 32:11, 14; 33:6; 39:9; 40:1, 7; 43:3; 49:10; 52:15, 27f, 30; Lam 1:3; 2:14; 4:22; Ezek 12:3; 13:14; 16:36f, 57; 21:24; 22:10; 23:10, 18, 29; 39:23, 28; Da 10:1; Hos 2:10; 7:1; 10:5; Amos 1:5f; 3:7; 5:5, 27; 6:7; 7:11, 17; Mic 1:6, 16; Nah 2:7; 3:5 Galah is used in Amos 3:7 - "Surely the Lord GOD does nothing unless He reveals His secret counsel (talk that is kept confidential, speaks of intimacy) to His servants the prophets." James Swanson - (gā·lā(h) 1. (qal) reveal, i.e., have information be made known (1Sa 9:15); (qal pass.) be made known (Est 3:14; 8:13+); (nif) revealed, exposed, be known, reveal oneself (Ge 35:7); (piel) reveal (Job 12:22); (pual) open, known, revealed (Pr 27:5); (hitp) airing, have oneself reveal information or opinion (Pr 18:2); 2. (nif) uncover, exposed, i.e., pertaining to an object having no cover and so bare and exposed (Ex 20:26), note: often this “uncovering” has a focus of sexual relations; (piel) lay bare, expose, strip off (Lev 20:18); (hitp) uncover oneself (Ge 9:21); 3.(qal) be captive, formally, uncovered, i.e., the state or condition of being taken prisoner and deported to another country (Jdg 18:30); (pual) exiled, deported (Na 2:7); (hif) deport, exile, carry away, i.e., cause a population to dwell in another place (2Ki 15:29); (hof) exiled, deported, captive (1Ch 9:1; Est 2:6, 6; Jer 13:19, 19; 40:1, 7+); 4. (qal) depart, remove, formally, uncover, i.e., cause a state or condition to no longer exist possibly as a figurative extension of the laying bare or razing of a building to destruction; (piel) take away (Ps 119:22); 5. (nif) let see, i.e., make possible for one to see an object using sight as a perception (1Sa 14:8); 6. (nif) free, formally, uncovered, i.e., pertaining to being in a state or condition of not being a captive and so free to move about (Isa 49:9); 7. (piel) destroy, formally, lay bare, uncover, i.e., raze a building or other object and so destroy (Mic 1:6); 8. (qal) remove, carry away, bear, i.e., lift and carry an object away from an area or space (Pr 27:25); 9. LN 15.1–15.17 (qal) go, set out, i.e., make a linear motion in any direction or aspect of movement (Eze 12:2, 3); 10. (qal pass.) unsealed, i.e., pertaining to that which does not have a seal on a written document as an extension of an uncovered or revealed object (Jer 32:11, 14+); 11. unit: (qal pass.) גָּלָה עַיִן (gā·lā(h) ʿǎ·yin)1 receive revelation, be formally, eyes be opened, i.e., have information be fully known; as a figurative extension of the opening of the eyes to gain sight as a physical perception (Nu 24:4,16+); cf. also piel Nu 22:31; Ps 119:18; 12. unit: גָּלָה עֶרְוָה (gā·lā(h) ʿěr·wā(h)) have sexual relations, formally, reveal the nakedness, i.e., have physical relations (Lev 18:6), note: in improper social contexts this refers to a dishonorable thing; 13. unit: גָּלָה סּוֹד (gā·lā(h) sôḏ) (piel) gossip, formally, uncover a confidence, i.e., give information which is confidential (Pr 11:13; Pr 25:9); cf. also qal Pr 20:19; 14. unit: גָּלָה (gā·lā(h)) … אֹזֶן (ʾō·zěn) (qal) tell, speak, make known, formally, reveal [to the] ears, i.e., talk and give verbal information (Ru 4:4) (Dictionary of Sematic Domains: Hebrew) While the verb open is in the imperative form, in context as alluded to above, it is clearly the cry of a beggar who recognizes his abject spiritual poverty and his desperate need of spiritual bread (Mt 4:4). Do you come to read His Word with this heart attitude-desperate, hungry, impoverished? Remember God's precious and magnificent promise that He "hears the needy (the one in want, in need of help or deliverance from trouble, cp Mt 5:3)." (Ps 69:33, cp Ps 70:5, Ps 102, 17), "the desire of the humble" (Ps 10:17, cp Ps 34:6, Ps 72:12-13)! "He will have compassion on the poor and needy, And the lives of the needy he will save." (Ps 72:13) "He raises the poor from the dust, And lifts the needy from the ash heap." (Ps 113:7) Yahweh promises "to this one I will look, to him who is humble and contrite of spirit, and who trembles at My word." (Isa 66:2) Donald Williams - He must open us up and show us His wondrous things (Ps 119:18). Apart from this, in the words of Bob Dylan, “I’m a little too blind to see.” (The Preacher’s Commentary ) Kidner - To feel the force of this request, cf. the sight that met the opened eyes of Balaam (Num. 22:31) or of Elisha’s servant (2 Kgs 6:17, using another word). (Psalms 73–150: An Introduction and Commentary) David