1 Crônicas 14

1 Crônicas 14

TIMELINE OF THE BOOKS OF SAMUEL, KINGS & CHRONICLES 1107 1011 971 931 853 722 586 1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings 1 Kings 2 Kings 31 1-4 5-10 11-20 21-24 1-11 12-22 1-17 18-25 1 Chronicles 10 1Chr 11-19 1Chr 20-29 2 Chronicles 1-9 2 Chronicles 10-20 2 Chronicles 21-36 Legend: B.C. dates at top of timeline are approximate. Note that 931 BC marks the division of the Kingdom into Southern Tribes (Judah and Benjamin) and Ten Northern Tribes. To avoid confusion be aware that after the division of the Kingdom in 931 BC, the Southern Kingdom is most often designated in Scripture as "Judah" and the Northern Kingdom as "Israel." Finally, note that 1 Chronicles 1-9 is not identified on the timeline because these chapters are records of genealogy. THE DOWNWARD SPIRAL Comparison of 1 Samuel thru 2 Chronicles FIRST CHRONICLES SUMMARY CHART 1 Chronicles 1-9:44 1 Chronicles 10:1-39:30 Royal Line of David Reign of David 12 Tribes of David's Reign Highlights of David's Reign Genealogies History Ancestry Activity 1000's of Years Circa 33 Years 1 Chronicles 14:1 Now Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David with cedar trees, masons and carpenters, to build a house for him. B.C. 1043 Hiram : 2Sa 5:11,12-16 1Ki 5:1,8-12 2Ch 2:11,12, Huram cedar : 1Ch 22:2 1Ki 5:6,9,10,18 2Ch 2:3,8-10 Ezr 3:7 to build him : 1Ch 17:1 2Sa 7:2 1Ki 7:1-12 Jer 22:13-15 Related Passages: 2 Samuel 5:11 Then Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David with cedar trees and carpenters and stonemasons; and they built a house for David. 1 Kings 5:1 Now Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants to Solomon, when he heard that they had anointed him king in place of his father, for Hiram had always been a friend of David. Some think the events of this chapter preceded those of 1 Chronicles 13. Frederick Mabie: This section of the Chronicler’s work begins and ends with statements reflecting God’s blessings on David both in Israel and in the surrounding nations (vv.2, 17). In between, the Chronicler details how God enabled David to defeat the Philistines, who had been in a position of power over Israel during the judges’ time (cf. Jdg 13– 16), the time of Eli and Samuel (cf. 1Sa 4–7), and the reign of Saul (cf. 1Sa 8–31). This chapter is out of chronological order, perhaps as a means of contrasting the house of David and the house of Saul. J.A. Thompson: The Chronicler presents a theological contrast between David and Saul. David, unlike Saul, was concerned for the ark (13:3). By incorporating indications of David's prosperity and success against the Philistines, the Chronicler demonstrated God's blessing on his servant for his faithfulness. By contrast, Saul's defeat because of his unfaithfulness (chap. 10) stresses the point. It is a theme that runs throughout Chronicles. The reigns of faithful kings are marked by divine blessing. Now Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David with cedar trees, masons and carpenters, to build a house for him - Clearly David's influence had spread to other nations. No king simply sends these kind of gifts out of the goodness of his heart! More often he sends an army, rather than gifts! This was the beginning of a long and profitable relationship with Hiram, which continued into the time of Solomon (2 Chron 2:3–16). David and Hiram had a common enemy in the Philistines. Philistia battled with Israel on land and the Phoenicians at sea. One might propose the axiom - The enemy of my enemy is my friend. Apple - The cedar logs supplied by Hiram (1 Chron 14:1) were from the Cedrus libani, trees renowned for their beauty and height, reaching as high as thirty meters. Kings of Mesopotamia, Phoenicia, Persia, and Greece all used cedar for building temples and palaces. The legendary cedar forests of Lebanon go back to the beginnings of written script (Daoud: 49–51). Cedar was particularly desirable for its fragrance. Frederick Mabie: It is noteworthy that David accepts Phoenician assistance in the building of his palace (cf. Solomon in the building of Yahweh’s temple [2Ch 2:3–16]). The Phoenicians were noted for supplying raw building materials and having the technical expertise to construct buildings and fabricate artistic objects with wood, metal, fabric, and stone. The area of Tyre (Phoenicia or Lebanon more broadly) was a well-known source for quality lumber such as cedar. In the biblical world the wood of the slow-growing cedar tree was especially desired for important building projects, such as palaces and temples, given its fragrance and durability. Phoenician stonemasons were skilled in both construction techniques and specialty craftsmanship, such as dressed masonry (ashlar) and carved basalt orthostats (e.g., lion figures shaped from stone). ISBE NOTE ON HIRAM - (aka Huram" "Horam") A king of Tyre (980-947 B.C.) who lived on most friendly terms with both David and Solomon. After David had taken the stronghold of Zion, entered into an alliance with and sent messengers and workmen and materials to build a palace for him at Jerusalem (2Sa5:11; 1Ch 14:1). Solomon, on his accession to the throne, made an alliance with Hiram, and Hiram furnished the new king of Israel with skilled workmen and with cedar trees and fir trees and algum trees from Lebanon for the building of the Temple. In return Solomon gave annually to Hiram large quantities of wheat and oil (1 Ki 5:1ff; 2 Ch 2:3ff) and Hiram took part in Solomon's traffic to the Eastern Seas (1Ki 9:27; 10:11; 2Ch 8:18; 9:10). "At the end of twenty years, wherein Solomon had built the two houses, the house of Yahweh and the king's house," Solomon made a present to Hiram of twenty cities in the land of Galilee. Hiram was not at all pleased with these cities and contemptuously called them "Cabul." His displeasure, however, with this gift does not seem to have disturbed the amicable relations that had hitherto existed between the two kings, for subsequently Hiram sent to the king of Israel 120 talents of gold (1Ki 9:10-14). Hiram and Solomon maintained merchant vessels on the Mediterranean and shared mutually in a profitable trade with foreign ports (1Ki 10:22). Hiram's servants, "shipmen that had knowledge of the sea," taught the sailors of Solomon the route from Ezion-geber and Eloth to Ophir, whence large stores of gold were brought to King Solomon (1Ki 9:26; 2Ch 8:17 f). Tyre was a seaport on the Mediterranean Sea and lay north of Israel. Tyre was the capital of Phoenicia, which controlled about 150 miles of the Mediterranean coastline north of the Bay of Acre.Hiram established relations with David, which was an astute move economically and politically and it was this same King Hiram who later supplied Solomon with materials for the Temple (1Ki 5:1). At this time David clearly commanded the respect of kings in nations surrounding Israel. Hiram's offer of cedar trees must be understood in the context of the fact that this prized tree (see note below) once prevalent in Lebanon, was scarce by the time of David, making cedar wood quite prized! But not only did Hiram provide the supplies but also the laborers. In fact 1Ch 14:1 says Hiram's objective was "to build a house for him." That's a nice present to give a new king! This is surely one of the manifold manifestations of the good hand of the LORD upon His king after His own heart. Walton on cedar. Cedar trees are slow growing and can live up to three thousand years and attain heights of 120 feet. Beautiful grain, sweet-smelling aroma and durability combined to make cedar the wood of choice for most temples and palaces of the ancient world. High resin content inhibited the growth of fungus. The forests of Lebanon on the west slope of the Lebanon range (at elevation levels of about five thousand feet) were one of the few places where it grew. Both Mesopotamia and Egypt were importing it beginning as early as the fourth millennium B.C. By the year 1000, there was little that remained of the legendary forests, making the rare wood all the more valuable. (See page 329 in IVP Background Commentary - OT) F. Whitfield - The act of Hiram here in sending messengers to David with timber and masons and carpenters to build a house for himself, shows how David's influence had made itself felt far and near. We are furnished with the reason of this influence (see 1 Chronicles 11:9). It was because "the Lord was with him." Thus it ever is with the Christian: "The Lord is with him." Hence his influence. Christ in us is the mighty power for a holy life and for producing a permanent impression. Men like Hiram will pay homage to this, however morally distant they may be from conversion to God. And this is the power the true Christian should seek to possess, and the influence he should wield. "And David perceived that the Lord had confirmed him king over Israel, for his kingdom was lifted up on high, because of his people Israel. Observe the latter part of this passage. Kings are to remember why they are kings. It is on account of God's kingdom and God's people. When they forget their relation to God, God's people, and God's work, they forget their true mission in God's world. By me kings reign." The subject should never forget the relation in which he stands to God; how much less should the king forget it! - 1 Chronicles 14:2 And David realized that the LORD had established him as king over Israel, and that his kingdom was highly exalted, for the sake of His people Israel. the LORD : 1Ch 17:17 2Sa 7:16 Ps 89:20-37 his kingdom : Nu 24:7 2Sa 7:8 because : 1Ki 10:9 2Ch 2:11 Es 4:14 Isa 1:25-27 Da 2:30 Related Passage: 2 Samuel 7:16+ “Your house and your kingdom shall endure before Me forever; your throne shall be established forever.”’ DAVID ACKNOWLEDGES HIS BOUNTY FROM YAHWEH And - This conjunction connects with the gift of a house from King Hiram. Clearly other kings recognized David's stature which is what opened David's eyes to the fact that it was not because he (David) was so good, but because his God was so good and generous. THOUGHT - Are we quick to recognize the hand of blessing on our lives as not the result of our own doing, but the result of the good hand of the LORD upon our life? Perhaps the moment you (I) might bow and give Him thanks for the blessings in your (my) life. David realized that the LORD had established him as king over Israel, and that his kingdom was highly exalted, for the sake of His people Israel. David realized (yada; Lxx - ginosko) that the LORD had established him as king over Israel, and that He had exalted his kingdom for the sake of His people Israel - Not only was his kingdom highly exalted, but it was a kingdom that would endure forever (aka the "Davidic Covenant" - 2Sa 7:16+) when the greater Son of David, the Messiah, returns and sets up His Millennial Kingdom on earth (Jer 23:5 - "Righteous Branch" = Messiah) and reigns from Jerusalem with a resurrected David ruling under Him (see Jer 30:9+ and this is one reason Jesus is called King of kings and Lord of lords - Rev 19:16+). Note the reason God blessed David - for the sake of His people Israel. THOUGHT - Has God blessed you spiritually or financially? Who do you think that blessing is for...just yourself? Do you think (like I used to think) that I have worked hard and earned this!!! Wrong! God bestowed His rich blessings on you because He abounds in amazing grace (unmerited favor!). We are blessed to be a blessing! Who are you blessing today, this week, this month? We are to like "pipelines," empty conduits, through whom the Father pours our His grace, mercy, kindness, etc to others around us. When that happens others see our good (God) works and receive a proper opinion (glorify) of our Father in Heaven. His supernatural work in and through us is the visible evidence of the invisible God (Mt 5:16+). David's realization reminds us of the words of James 1:17+ that "Every good thing given and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or shifting shadow." What had David realized? As he sat in "his city" he realized God was faithful, for almost 20 years earlier He had made David a promise that he would one day be king over Israel (1Sa 16:12-13+). Our God is a covenant keeping God, a promise keeping God (See Why Study Covenant)! David also came to realize that Yahweh had not blessed him and his people because David was so good, but because He was so good and so faithful to also keep His covenant and promises He had made with Israel. David just happened to be the "instrument" in His hands by which Yahweh brought this into being! THOUGHT - Dear believing reader, do you have food and shelter? Whether you live in a tent or a palace, you can know that ALL you have is from the good hand of the LORD. It is good to frequently pause during our busy days and through our Great High Priest Jesus "continually offer up a sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of lips that give thanks to His name. And do not neglect doing good and sharing, for with such sacrifices God is pleased." (Heb 13:15-16+, cf 1Th 5:18+, Ps 7:17+, Ps 9:1+, Ps 18:49+, Ps 30:12+, Ps 44:8+, Ps 50:14+, Ps 52:9+, Ps 54:6+, Ps 69:30+, Ps 92:1+, Ps 100:4+) What have you thanked your kind, generous Father for today? Mark Boda: This is a reminder that Israel’s royal house functioned as a mediatorial figure serving both as vice-regent of the Lord in Israel and on earth (Ps 2), but also as the one who ensured righteousness, justice, and even blessing for the people of God. Any exaltation for the human monarch found its source in the divine kingdom and was for the sake of the people he represented and served. Life Application Study Bible (borrow) - Although the pagan kingdoms based their greatness on conquest, power, armies, and wealth, David knew that his greatness came only from God. To be great means keeping a close relationship with God personally and nationally. To do this, David had to keep his ambition under control. Although he was famous, successful, and well liked, he gave God first place in his life and served the people according to God's purposes. Do you seek greatness from God or from people? In the drive for success, remember to keep your ambition under God's control. August Konkel: The construction of a palace, the recognition of the new state by a powerful neighboring kingdom, and the growth of a harem are all features of an established king. David knew that the LORD had established him as king over Israel and that his kingdom had been highly exalted for the sake of his people Israel (1 Chron 14:2). This kingdom belongs to God. To further demonstrate the point, the new king seeks divine guidance in military decisions (v. 10), which assures his victory in battle.