Êxodo 23

Êxodo 23

Irving Jensen (Online) - Used by Permission View Chuck Swindoll's chart of Exodus, Summary Chart of The Book of Exodus DELIVERANCE FROM OPPRESSION PREPARATION FOR WORSHIP Redemption from Egypt Ex 1:1-18:27 Revelation from God Ex 19:1-40:38 Getting Israel Out of Egypt Getting Egypt Out of Israel! Narration Legislation Birth of Moses Ex 1-2 Call of Moses Ex 3-6 Conflict with Pharaoh Ex 7-10 Exodus from Egypt Ex 11-12 Red Sea Crossed Ex 13-15 Journey To Sinai Ex 16-18 Law Given Ex 19-24 Tent Plan Ex 25-31 Idol Worship Ex 32-34 Tent Built Ex 35-40 Subjection Redemption Instruction Suffering and Liberation of People of God Guidance of God Worship of God Moses and Burdens of Israel Pharaoh and Plagues Upon Egypt Red Sea Deliverance Wilderness Provision Sinai Instructions Bondage and Oppression Deliverance and Provision Law Pattern and Construction Israel in Egypt Ex 1:1-13:16 Israel to Sinai Ex 13:17-18:27 Israel at Sinai Ex 19:1-40:38 God's People Enduring Bondage God's Grace Revealed in Redemption God's Glory Manifested in Worship Egypt 430 Years (15% of Exodus) Wilderness 2 Months (30% of Exodus) Mt Sinai 10 Months (55% of Exodus) From Groaning To Glory! Jensen's Survey of the Old Testament - online Click for Excellent Map of Route of the Exodus Click another Exodus from Egypt Click for Events during the Sojourn at Kadesh-Barnea GENESIS EXODUS human effort and failure divine power and triumph word of promise work of fulfillment a people chosen a people called God’s electing mercy God’s electing manner revelation of nationality realization of nationality SUMMARY OF THE PENTATEUCH (from Believer's Study Bible) Exodus 23:1 "You shall not bear a false report; do not join your hand with a wicked man to be a malicious witness. NET Exodus 23:1 "You must not give a false report. Do not make common cause with the wicked to be a malicious witness. NLT Exodus 23:1 "You must not pass along false rumors. You must not cooperate with evil people by lying on the witness stand. ESV Exodus 23:1 "You shall not spread a false report. You shall not join hands with a wicked man to be a malicious witness. LXE Exodus 23:1 Thou shalt not receive a vain report: thou shalt not agree with the unjust man to become an unjust witness. KJV Exodus 23:1 Thou shalt not raise a false report: put not thine hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness. NIV Exodus 23:1 "Do not spread false reports. Do not help a wicked man by being a malicious witness. ASV Exodus 23:1 Thou shalt not take up a false report: put not thy hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness. CSB Exodus 23:1 "You must not spread a false report. Do not join the wicked to be a malicious witness. NKJ Exodus 23:1 "You shall not circulate a false report. Do not put your hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness. NRS Exodus 23:1 You shall not spread a false report. You shall not join hands with the wicked to act as a malicious witness. YLT Exodus 23:1 'Thou dost not lift up a vain report; thou dost not put thy hand with a wicked man to be a violent witness. You shall not bear a false report: Ex 23:7 Ex 20:16 Lev 19:16 2Sa 16:3 19:27 Ps 15:3 101:5 120:3 Pr 10:18 17:4 25:23 Jer 20:10 Mt 28:14,15 Ro 3:8 a malicious witness: De 5:20 19:16-21 1Ki 21:10-13 Ps 27:12 35:11 Pr 6:19 12:17 Pr 19:5,9,28 21:28 24:28 25:18 Mt 19:18 26:59-61 Lu 3:14 19:8 Ac 6:11-13 Eph 4:25 2Ti 3:3 1Pe 3:16 Rev 12:10 Exodus 23 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries SLANDER PROHIBITED Related Passages: Exodus 20:16 (NINTH COMMANDMENT) “You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. Deut 5:20 You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. Leviticus 19:16 ‘You shall not go about as a slanderer among your people, and you are not to act against the life of your neighbor; I am the LORD. Deuteronomy 5:20 ‘You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. Psalm 101:5 Whoever secretly slanders his neighbor, him I will destroy; No one who has a haughty look and an arrogant heart will I endure. Proverbs 10:18 He who conceals hatred has lying lips, And he who spreads slander is a fool. Deuteronomy 19:16-17 If a malicious witness rises up against a man to accuse him of wrongdoing, 17 then both the men who have the dispute shall stand before the LORD, before the priests and the judges who will be in office in those days. COMMENT - In this context the truthfulness of the witness is not established except upon further investigation (Dt. 19:18). Once he was established as a false witness, the penalty for the crime concerning which he bore false witness was to be executed against the lair (cf. Deut. 19:19). (Vine) RECOMMENDATION: As you study these detailed ordinances in Exodus 21-23, keep the overall picture in mind so that you do not become bogged down in what appears to be tedious minutiae. And to help you get a good perspective let me suggest taking 8 minutes to watch the summary by Dr Gene Getz in his Video entitled "The Greatest Commandments". Dr Getz reminds us that the first 4 of the Ten Commandments in Exodus 20 relate to our relationship with God ("vertical") while the last 6 commandments relate to our relationship with each other ("horizontal"). Then in Exodus 21-23 he notes that God focuses primarily on the last 6 commandments spelling out specific details on how the sons of Israel were to interact with one another. Laws about Slaves Laws about Personal Injury Laws about Theft Laws about Crop Protection Laws about Seduction Law about Capital Offenses Laws about Protecting the Vulnerable Laws about Honesty and Justice NET Note - People who claim to worship and serve the righteous judge of the universe must preserve equity and justice in their dealings with others. These verses teach that God’s people must be honest witnesses (1–3); God’s people must be righteous even with enemies (4–5); and God’s people must be fair in dispensing justice (6–9). J Ligon Duncan - With this message, we come to a section that in the main applies the ninth commandment-- the commandment not to bear false witness. In the main, this set of laws or exhortations, calls on the people of God and especially on those who are in positions of influence—judges for instance, to be truthful in their dealings in the settings of the courts, but also it exhorts us to kindness to our enemies....First, verses 1 through 3, where we see these dictates for personal and practical obedience to the ninth commandment. What we learn in this passage is that our personal commitment to holiness is to show itself in our public fairness and truthfulness in the context of disputes. The language of this whole section, really verses 1 through 9, but especially verses 1 through 3, sounds a lot like the Ten Commandments. Did you catch the five “you shall nots” in the first three verses? Verse 1: “You shall not.” Verse 2: “You shall not.” Verse 3: “Nor shall you.” Over and over “you shall not.” General exhortation, general prohibition, no penalty. These are not like those case laws we were studying just a few verses ago. These sound like those grand exhortations of the Ten Commandments. “Thou shall not kill.” The language sounds like the Ten Words. We have here, then, categorical laws; these aren’t like the case laws. If this happens, then you do this; if this happens, then you do this. These are categorical laws—no penalties—they are exhortations. They come with some threatenings. Five prohibitions are found in verses 1 through 3 which outlaw behavior in courts of law that would jeopardize the integrity and the impartiality of the judicial process. These laws in verse 1 through 3 are applications of the ninth command. You shall not bear false witness, and the exhortations of verses 1 through 3 are especially directed at the people of Israel. When we get to verses 6 through 9, they will be directed primarily to the judges of Israel. But first Moses speaks to the people of Israel specifically about their behavior in legal settings and legal proceedings. And these commands indicate how seriously God takes impartial justice and the well being of our neighbor even if we are in dispute with our neighbor. ESV Study Bible introduces this chapter - The truthfulness of God, coming to its climax in Christ, is to be reflected in truthfulness displayed to fellow human beings, and the compassion and justice of God is to be reflected in treatment of fellow humans. Walter Kaiser - Whereas most of the previous sections of the covenant code have stressed love and compassion toward the weak, the poor, and the alien, this section exhorts Israel to practice another virtue: justice. (EBC-Ex) Currid - And, as with the Ninth Commandment, this directive has a judicial application. No one is to act in collusion with an evil person who is attempting to skirt the rules of justice. No one is to lie on the evil person’s behalf. To do so would be to defeat justice. Rabbinical exegesis says this law has a general application to all life, not just the court-room. You shall not bear a false (groundless, unfounded) report - To bear (nasa) means to take up or carry and was used twice in Ex 20:7+ “You shall not take (nasa) the name of the LORD your God in vain (Dt 5:11), for the LORD will not leave him unpunished who takes (nasa) His name in vain." The Septuagint (Lxx) gives a slightly different sense using the verb paradechomai which renders the sentence as "You shall not receive (accept, acknowledge as correct) a worthless report!" So one rendering says don't give it out and the other says don't receive it (the latter would for example apply to an arbiter or judge). THOUGHT - Are you guilty of passing on unfounded hearsay and even overt gossip regarding others, regardless of whether they are believers or not? If so, then STOP IT! This is sin and needs to be confessed and repented. J