Êxodo 12

Êxodo 12

Irving Jensen (Online) - Used by Permission View Chuck Swindoll's chart of Exodus, Summary Chart of The Book of Exodus DELIVERANCE FROM OPPRESSION PREPARATION FOR WORSHIP Redemption from Egypt Ex 1:1-18:27 Revelation from God Ex 19:1-40:38 Getting Israel Out of Egypt Getting Egypt Out of Israel! Narration Legislation Birth of Moses Ex 1-2 Call of Moses Ex 3-6 Conflict with Pharaoh Ex 7-10 Exodus from Egypt Ex 11-12 Red Sea Crossed Ex 13-15 Journey To Sinai Ex 16-18 Law Given Ex 19-24 Tent Plan Ex 25-31 Idol Worship Ex 32-34 Tent Built Ex 35-40 Subjection Redemption Instruction Suffering and Liberation of People of God Guidance of God Worship of God Moses and Burdens of Israel Pharaoh and Plagues Upon Egypt Red Sea Deliverance Wilderness Provision Sinai Instructions Bondage and Oppression Deliverance and Provision Law Pattern and Construction Israel in Egypt Ex 1:1-13:16 Israel to Sinai Ex 13:17-18:27 Israel at Sinai Ex 19:1-40:38 God's People Enduring Bondage God's Grace Revealed in Redemption God's Glory Manifested in Worship Egypt 430 Years (15% of Exodus) Wilderness 2 Months (30% of Exodus) Mt Sinai 10 Months (55% of Exodus) From Groaning To Glory! Jensen's Survey of the Old Testament - online Click for Excellent Map of Route of the Exodus Click another Exodus from Egypt Click for Events during the Sojourn at Kadesh-Barnea GENESIS EXODUS human effort and failure divine power and triumph word of promise work of fulfillment a people chosen a people called God’s electing mercy God’s electing manner revelation of nationality realization of nationality SUMMARY OF THE PENTATEUCH (from Believer's Study Bible) Exodus 12:1 Now the LORD said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, OUTLINE OF EXODUS 12 - JEHOVAH INSTITUTES HIS PASSOVER Passover Instituted - Exodus 12:1-28 Description of Passover - Exodus 12:1-13 Description of Unleavened Bread - Exodus 12:14-20 Response of the Israelites - Exodus 12:21-28 Night of Departure from Egypt - Exodus 12:29-42 Regarding Slaves and Strangers - Exodus 12:43-51 JEHOVAH INSTITUTES HIS PASSOVER It should be noted that Exodus 12 and Exodus 13 constitute a single literary unit as both describe Jehovah's Passover. It is a long section of Scripture but even this serves to emphasize the importance that the Spirit of God placed on this Biblical event. It marks a significant change in the history of Israel and the history of the world! James Bruckner writes that "The text structurally braids together the three themes of protecting the precious firstborn, the Passover lamb, and the Feast of Unleavened Bread in 12:1–13:16." (Exodus - UBCS) Now the LORD said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt - Jehovah speaks to both brothers. We see Jehovah addressing both Moses and Aaron in Ex 7:8 = first miracle of staff to snake, Ex 9:8 = plague of boils, Ex 12:43, 50 = ordinance of the Passover; Lev 9:23 = in tent of meeting; Nu 12:4 = to Moses, Aaron, Miriam; Nu 14:26, Nu 16:20, Nu 19:1, Nu 20:12, Nu 20:23 - at Mt Hor) Currid - The designation of the location is for the purpose of not ascribing all Hebrew laws to Mount Sinai (Exod. 20 onwards). In other words, the Israelites were not a lawless society prior to the giving of the codified law at Sinai. It is also interesting to note that the laws given at Sinai rarely deal with the Passover in detail (except Deut. 16)—the reason is clear: the Passover laws were already set down in Egypt. (EPSC-Ex) Cassuto (Moshe David Cassuto) sets the stage - After the completion of the preceding section there is an interval, which is followed, as stated, by a transformation in the character of the narration; the story changes its aspect, assuming a new form. Pharaoh is forgotten, and so are his servants; Pharaoh’s palace and the entire environment in which we found ourselves throughout the whole of the preceding section disappears, as it were, from our sight. The epic now has its centre in the midst of the people of Israel, and the commands given to Moses and Aaron are directed towards the Israelites. What has to be done vis-à-vis Pharaoh, the Lord will do. Moses and Aaron must concern themselves only with their people. The first injunction they receive is to prepare for the day of redemption, which is due to come soon. (A Commentary on the Book of Exodus) Hobbs on land of Egypt - The establishing of the Passover was made while the Israelites were still in the land of Egypt, not as part of the commands after the covenant at Mount Sinai. However, the making of the covenant and the commands of the covenant at Sinai were based on what God had done in delivering them from Egypt. For example, the Ten Commandments are prefaced with these words, “I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage” (Ex 20:2). Exodus 12:2 "This month shall be the beginning of months for you; it is to be the first month of the year to you. Ex 13:4 Ex 23:15 Ex 34:18 Lev 23:5 Nu 28:16 De 16:1 Es 3:7 THE BEGINNING THE FIRST MONTH OF ABIB Jehovah now speaks these words to Moses and Aaron and this divine monologue continues down to Ex 12:20, where Moses passes on the communication to the elders. This month marks a new beginning! This month shall be the beginning of months for you; it is to be the first month of the year to you - See also Ex 13:4, Ex 23:15, Ex 34:18. In the Jewish calendar that originated during their captivity in Babylon the name was changed to "the first month...is the month of Nisan" (Esther 3:7, Neh 2:1) and this corresponds to the months of March or April on the Gregorian Calendar. The first month is called Abib (abib) in Ex 13:4+ a Hebrew noun used of for the first ripe grain which was barley. In Exodus 13:4 Jehovah prescribed that “On this day in the month of Abib, you are about to go forth." This day was in effect the nation of Israel's birthday. J