João 5
Bob Utley · Citado em PreceptAustin
João 5
Utley - The reason that Jesus is able (exousia, has authority, cf. John 10:18; 17:2; 19:11) to judge rightly is because He is fully God but also fully man. This answers the question of the Jewish leadership from John 2:18. It was the central question! There is no DEFINITE ARTICLE with the phrase "Son of Man" (cf. Ezek. 2:1 and Ps. 8:4). He fully knows us (cf. Heb. 4:15); He fully knows God (cf. John 1:18; 5:30). It is surprising that in a context where Jesus calls Himself "the son" (cf. John 5:19 [twice], 20,21,22,23 [twice], 25,26) that in John 5:27 the title "son of man" (but without the usual DEFINITE ARTICLE) is used. However, the same switch is in John 3:13,14 vs. John 3:16,17,18,35,36, John 6:27,53 vs. John 6:40 and John 8:28 vs. John 8:35,36. Jesus used both titles for Himself interchangeably. See SPECIAL TOPIC: SON OF MAN Authority (1849) exousia from éxesti = it is permitted, it is lawful) means the power to do something and was a technical term used in the law courts, of a legal right. "Authority or right is the dominant meaning (of exousia) in the New Testament." (Vincent) Exousía refers to delegated authority and combines the idea of the "right and the might", these attributes having been granted to someone. Exousia is an important term in the Gospels. Many conflicts in Jesus' life and ministry turn on debates about authority or the idea that Jesus taught with an unparalleled authority (Mt 7:29; 8:9; 9:6, 8; 21:23-27; 28:18; Mk 1:22, 27; 2:10; 3:15; 11:28-33; Lk 4:32, 36; 5:24; 7:8; 20:2-8). Exousia in John's Gospel - Jn. 1:12; Jn. 5:27; Jn. 10:18; Jn. 17:2; Jn. 19:10; Jn. 19:11 W E Vine explains that exousía evolved "from the meaning of "leave or permission" or "liberty of doing as one pleases" and passed to that of "the ability or strength with which one is endued," then to that of the "power of authority," the right to exercise power or "the power of rule or government," the power of one whose will and commands must be obeyed by others. (Vine's Complete Expository Dictionary)
João 5
Utley - Jesus, the incarnated Logos of God was subject to and submissive to the Father. This strong emphasis on submission also appears in John 5:19 ("the Son can do nothing"). This does not imply the Son is inferior, but that the Trinity has delegated the redemptive tasks among the three distinct persons, Father, Son, and Spirit. Jesus is only subservient in time, not eternity. SPECIAL TOPIC: THE TRINITY SPECIAL TOPIC: SUBMISSION Chrysostom remarks,—“Just as when we say, it is impossible for God to do wrong, we do not impute to Him any weakness, but confess in Him an unutterable power; so also when Christ saith, ‘I can of my own self do nothing,’ the meaning is that it is impossible,—my nature admits not,—that I should do anything contrary to the Father...when Christ speaks of ‘hearing,’ He declares nothing else than that it is impossible for Him to desire anything except what the Father desires.” Swindoll on the shift to I (ego) - Note the sudden shift in perspective. Throughout the speech, Jesus has referred to Himself in the third person, using the titles “Son of God” and “Son of Man.” As He transitions from this portion of the speech (Jn 5:19–30) to the next (Jn 5:31–47), He restates His original claim, “The Son can do nothing of Himself, unless it is something He sees the Father doing” (Jn 5:19), only now in the first person (“I”). His point is clear. He was not referring to some other person; He was making these claims about Himself. Stop for a few moments and seriously consider these six claims. Think of the best person in all of history (other than Jesus Christ), living or dead. Imagine him or her standing before you to make a speech having these six points: I am equal with God the Father. I am the giver of life. I am the final judge over all of humanity. I hold the destiny of every human in my hand. I will raise the dead. Everything I do is the will of God. How would you respond? Of all the great philosophers, teachers, artists, and statesmen who ever lived, none would dare make such claims unless he or she were either completely insane or shamelessly evil. Not unless He was indeed God in human flesh. (Borrow Insights on John) As I hear - In Jn 5:19+ Jesus said it was what He saw His Father doing, and now says it is something He hears His Father doing. Once again Jesus is making it very clear that he and the Father are one (cf Jn 10:30-33+) and thus reiterates the holy harmony of the Father and the Son. Later in John Jesus will explain to His disciples that the Holy Spirit has the same oneness declaring “But when He, the Spirit of truth, comes, He will guide you into all the truth; for He will not speak on His own initiative, but whatever He hears, He will speak; and He will disclose to you what is to come. (Jn 16:13+)
João 5
Utley - My testimony is not true" This seems to contradict John 8:14. Context shows that these statements are made in different settings. Here Jesus shows how many other witnesses there are, but in John 8:14 He asserts that only His is necessary! Verse 22 shows the Father also testifies! For "true" see SPECIAL TOPIC: "TRUTH" (the concept) IN JOHN'S WRITINGS.
João 5
Utley - Jesus' actions were fulfillments of OT prophecies about the Messiah. The Jews of His day should have recognized these miraculous signs—healing the blind, feeding the poor, restoring the lame (cf. Isa. 29:18; 32:3-4; 35:5-6; 42:7). The power of Jesus' teachings, lifestyle righteousness, compassion, and mighty miracles (cf. John 2:23; 10:25,38; 14:11; 15:24) bore a clear witness to who He was, where He came from, and Who sent Him. SPECIAL TOPIC: JESUS IS GREATER THAN. . . SPECIAL TOPIC: THE FATHERHOOD OF GOD W E Vine on the works - the works clearly are comprehensive not only of those of healing and similar signs but of the impartation of life, affecting the character and conduct of His followers, works accomplished by His teaching (as in the case of the conversion of the Samaritan woman, see Jn 4:34). A T
João 5
Utley - Jesus was asserting that although the Jews should have known God through the Scriptures and personal experiences in worship, they did not really know Him at all (cf. John 8:43; Isa. 1:1-15; 6:9-10; 29:13; Jer. 5:21). In the OT, seeing Deity was thought to bring death. The only person who spoke to YHWH face to face was Moses and even then the encounter was through the veil of the Cloud. Many have thought that Exod.33:23 contradicts John 1:18. However, the Hebrew terms in Exodus means "after glory," not physical form. SPECIAL TOPIC: CAN HUMANS SEE GOD AND LIVE? Homer Kent - The voice of the Father had sounded from heaven at the baptism of Jesus (Matt. 3:17). The Father had also testified to the incarnation of His Son through the miraculous events surrounding Jesus’ birth. The greatest testimony of the Father regarding the Son was His Word enshrined as the Old Testament Scriptures. Yet the vast majority of Jesus’ audiences were spiritually blind and deaf to God’s presence and His workings, as evidenced by their almost total failure to receive God’s own Son. (Borrow Light in the darkness : studies in the Gospel of John) J C
João 5
Utley - "His word abiding in you" These are two powerful images in John's writings. God's word (logos) must be received; once received (cf. John 1:12) it must remain (abide, cf. John 8:31; 15:4,5,6,7,10; 1 John 2:6,10,14,17,24,27,28; 3:6,14,15,24). Jesus is God's full revelation (cf. John 1:1-18; Phil. 2:6-11; Col. 1:15-17; Heb. 1:1-3). Salvation is confirmed by a continuing relationship (Hebrew sense of "know" cf. Gen. 4:1; Jer. 1:5) and the affirmation of gospel truths (Greek sense of "know" cf. 2 John 9). This term "abiding" is used in the sense of intimate, personal relationship with perseverance. Abiding is a condition of true salvation (cf. John 15) It is used in several senses in John. (1) the Son in the Father (cf. John 10:38; 14:10,11,20,21; 17:21), (2) the Father in the Son (cf. John 10:38; 14:10,11,21; 17:21,23), (3) believers in the Son (cf. John 14:20,21; 15:5; 17:21), (4) believers in the Son and the Father (cf. John 14:23), (5) believers in the word (cf. John 5:38; 8:31; 15:7; 1 John 2:14) For - (Term of explanation). What is Jesus explaining? You (ABSOLUTELY) do not believe (pisteuo) Him (JESUS) Whom He (THE FATHER) sent (apostello) - Jesus explains the root cause of their spiritual blindness and deafness -- UNBELIEF! They did not believe in Yeshua, their very own Messiah, standing in the midst! This is interesting because in a sense Jesus is giving us a descriptive definition of what it means to abide, in this case referring to God's Word abiding in us. How does it abide in us? We have to believe in Jesus, the Living Word, Who the Father sent on His great rescue mission! If we believe in Jesus, we have the Father's Word abiding in us, living in us, at home in our heart. Sent (apostello) is consumative aorist emphasizing the completion of the fact that he is already here. J C
João 5
Utley - Here is the tragedy of the Jewish leaders: they had the Scriptures, read them, studied them, memorized them, and yet missed the person to whom they point! Without the Spirit, even the Scriptures are ineffective! True life comes only through a personal, obedient faith relationship (i.e., Deut. 4:1; 8:13; 30:15-20; 32:46-47). It is these (OT Scriptures) that testify (martureo - present tense - continually testify) about Me - The Scriptures continue to witness to the claims of Christ. The Old Testament is like a witness on the stand taking his finger and pointing to Jesus, the One about Whom the Scriptures bear powerful testimony! See Messianic Prophecies above. The Jews knew that the Old Testament testified of their Messiah! To study the Scriptures and miss the Messiah is to miss the major purpose of the Scriptures! THOUGHT - Jesus' words stand as a warning to all who would study the Scriptures for knowledge sake but not for their soul's sake (to see the Savior). Not only will such an approach take you to eternal punishment but will give you a greater degree of punishment for you will be held accountable for the amount of true spiritual light you rejected! (Are there different levels of punishment in hell?) Like I like to tell the men I disciple "We are not studying the Scriptures so you can be a smarter sinner, but that you will be more like your Savior!" ILLUSTRATION - (EXAMPLE OF KNOWING THE WRITTEN LOGOS BUT NOT KNOWING THE TRUE LOGOS!) While studying in the Holy Lands, a seminary professor of mine met a man who claimed to have memorized the Old Testament--in Hebrew! Needless to say, the astonished professor asked for a demonstration. A few days late they sat together in the man's home. "Where shall we begin?" asked the man. "Psalm 1," replied my professor, who was an avid student of the psalms. Beginning with Psalm 1:1, the man began to recite from memory, while my professor followed along in his Hebrew Bible. For two hours the man continued word for word without a mistake as the professor sat in stunned silence. When the demonstration was over, my professor discovered something even more astonishing about the man--he was an atheist! Here was someone who knew the Scriptures better than most Christians ever will, and yet he didn't even believe in God. (Jack Kuhatschek, BORROW Taking The Guesswork Out of Applying The Bible, IVP, 1991, p. 16.) And of course the devil has memorized Scripture (which he used on Jesus in the wilderness temptation) but it has no impact on him! Utley - THESE refers to the OT Scriptures, which Jesus fulfills (i.e., John 1:45; 2:22; 5:46; 12:16,41; 19:28; 20:9). Most of the early sermons of Peter (cf. Acts 3:18; 10:43) and Paul (cf. Acts 13:27; 17:2-3; 26:22-23,27) in Acts use fulfilled prophecy as an evidence of Jesus' Messiahship. Jesus clearly saw Himself as the fulfillment and goal (and proper interpreter, cf. Matt. 5:17-48) of the OT.
João 5
Utley remarks that Scripture Moses wrote "was meant to be a guide (cf. Luke 16:31). The guide rejected, becomes an adversary (cf. Gal 3:8-14, 23-29+)."
João 5
Utley has an interesting comment on not receive glory from men - These verses seem to reflect the fact that the Jewish religious leaders enjoyed the applause from their peers. They gloried in quoting rabbis from the past, but because of spiritual blindness they missed the greatest of all teachers, who was in their midst. This is one of Jesus' strong denunciations of first-century rabbinical Judaism (also note the parable in Matt. 21:33-46; Mark 12:1-12; Luke 20:9-19). Matthew
João 5
Utley says this IF "is a SECOND CLASS CONDITIONAL SENTENCE called "contrary to fact," which asserts that Jewish leaders did not truly believe even in Moses' writings and that Jesus (the eschatological Moses [i.e., the Prophet of Deut. 18:15-19]) would be their judge on the last day." The "if" of John 5:47 introduces a FIRST CLASS CONDITIONAL SENTENCE which is assumed to be true (NIV has "since"). See SPECIAL TOPIC: GREEK GRAMMATICAL TERMS, VII
João 5
Utley has an interesting thought that "This is a play on the rabbis' study methods of comparing teachers from differing rabbinical schools from the Talmud. Michael Magill, New Testament TransLine, has a good quote: "The Jewish leaders will receive a human teacher or rabbi who does not claim to be sent by God. With a human teacher, they are in a reciprocal relationship of peers, exchanging glory on an equal basis. With a prophet sent from God, they must be in a subordinate position, hearing and obeying. This has always been at the root of why God's prophets were rejected" (p. 318). Norman Geisler - When Critics Ask - JOHN 5:43—Does this verse indicate that “Jesus” is the “Father’s name” (or that Jesus is the Father), as Oneness Pentecostals believe? MISINTERPRETATION: Jesus affirmed, “I have come in My Father’s name, and you do not receive Me” (John 5:43 NASB). Oneness Pentecostals typically interpret “in My Father’s name” to mean that Jesus’ name is the Father’s name (i.e., Jesus is the Father) (Campbell, 1975, 43). CORRECTING THE MISINTERPRETATION: The use of the word name in this verse has to do with authority. Whereas many come in their own name or authority, Jesus comes not in his own authority but in the authority of the Father. Clearly, then, this verse, far from indicating that Jesus is the Father, in fact points to the distinction between the Father and Jesus. One comes in the authority of the other. See also the discussions of John 10:30 and 14:6–1 Related Resources: What is Oneness doctrine? | GotQuestions.org What are the beliefs of Jesus only / oneness Pentecostals? | GotQuestions.org What is the United Pentecostal Church? | GotQuestions.org John 5:44 "How can you believe, when you receive glory from one another and you do not seek the glory that is from the one and only God? BGT John 5:44 πῶς δύνασθε ὑμεῖς πιστεῦσαι δόξαν παρὰ ἀλλήλων λαμβάνοντες, καὶ τὴν δόξαν τὴν παρὰ τοῦ μόνου θεοῦ οὐ ζητεῖτε; KJV John 5:44 How can ye believe, which receive honour one of another, and seek not the honour that cometh from God only? NET John 5:44 How can you believe, if you accept praise from one another and don't seek the praise that comes from the only God? CSB John 5:44 How can you believe? While accepting glory from one another, you don't seek the glory that comes from the only God. ESV John 5:44 How can you believe, when you receive glory from one another and do not seek the glory that comes from the only God? NIV John 5:44 How can you believe if you accept praise from one another, yet make no effort to obtain the praise that comes from the only God? NLT John 5:44 No wonder you can't believe! For you gladly honor each other, but you don't care about the honor that comes from the one who alone is God. NRS John 5:44 How can you believe when you accept glory from one another and do not seek the glory that comes from the one who alone is God? NJB John 5:44 How can you believe, since you look to each other for glory and are not concerned with the glory that comes from the one God? NAB John 5:44 How can you believe, when you accept praise from one another and do not seek the praise that comes from the only God? YLT John 5:44 how are ye able -- ye -- to believe, glory from one another receiving, and the glory that is from God alone ye seek not? can: Jn 3:20 8:43 12:43 Jer 13:23 Ro 8:7,8 Heb 3:12 when: Mt 23:5 Ga 5:19-21 Php 2:3 and: 1Sa 2:30 2Ch 6:8 Mt 25:21-23 Lu 19:17 Ro 2:7,10,29 1Co 4:5 2Co 10:18 Jas 2:1 1Pe 1:7 John 5 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passage: John 12:43 for they loved the approval of men rather than the approval of God. SELF SEEKING BLUNTS SAVING BELIEF