Cânticos 6

Cânticos 6

Utley - brief but insightful comments on Hebrew words and phrases Song of Songs 6 Commentary Steve Zeisler - sermon notes Song of Songs 5:2-6:3 Lost And Found Song of Songs 6:4-7:9 The Radiant Bride Daughters of Jerusalem... Song 6:1 "Where has your beloved gone, O most beautiful among women? Where has your beloved turned, That we may seek him with you?" Shulamite (young woman)... Song 6:2 "My beloved has gone down to his garden, To the beds of balsam, To pasture his flock in the gardens And gather lilies. Song 6:3 "I am my beloved's and my beloved is mine, He who pastures his flock among the lilies." Daughters of Jerusalem... Song 6:1 "Where has your beloved gone, O most beautiful among women? Where has your beloved turned, That we may seek him with you?" NET - Where has your beloved gone, O most beautiful among women? Where has your beloved turned? Tell us, that we may seek him with you. NLT - Where has your lover gone, O woman of rare beauty? Which way did he turn so we can help you find him? Most beautiful among women - same description in Song 1:8, Song 5:9. Seek him - The girl’s spirited praise of her lover seems to have convinced the daughters of Jerusalem that he is worth looking for (cf. Song 5:9). But whether they want to find him for their friend’s sake or for their own is not clear. (Reformation Study Bible) Beautiful (03303) (yapheh) is an adjective meaning lovely, beautiful, describing beauty of women (Ge 12:11, 14, 2Sa 13:1, Esther 2:7). Good looking or handsome men (2Sa 14:25). Jerusalem was described as "beautiful in elevation." Lxx translates yapheh with the Greek adjective kalos (word study) which means good; beautiful, applied by the Greeks to everything so distinguished in form, excellence, goodness, usefulness, as to be pleasing; hence (according to the context) equivalent to "beautiful, handsome, excellent, eminent, choice, surpassing, precious, useful, suitable, commendable, admirable"; a. beautiful to look at, shapely, magnificent. Shulammite (young woman)... Song 6:2 "My beloved has gone down to his garden, to the beds of balsam, To pasture his flock in the gardens And gather lilies. NET - My beloved has gone down to his garden, to the flowerbeds of balsam spices, to graze in the gardens, and to gather lilies. NLT - My lover has gone down to his garden, to his spice beds, to browse in the gardens and gather the lilies. A PICTURE OF MARITAL RECONCILIATION My beloved - A key phrase in the Song of Solomon found 24x in 23v - Song 1:13, 14, 16; 2:3, 8, 9, 10, 16, 17; 4:16; 5:2, 4, 5, 6 (twice), Song 5:8, 10, 16; 6:2, 3; 7:9, 11, 13; 8:14. (There are only 2 other uses in the OT - Isaiah 5:1, Jeremiah 11:15). Beloved (01730) (dod) means beloved, loved one. 32 of 53 OT uses of dod are found in the Song of Solomon. Dod conveys three thoughts (1) the name or address given by one lover to another (Song 5:4, 6:3, 7:9); (2) Love, where it speaks of the adulteress (Pr 7:18) and in a positive sense of the love between Solomon and the Shulammite (Song 1:2, 4:10). Love is used symbolically of Jerusalem reaching the "age for love" (Ezek 16:8). Dod speaks of the adultery of Jerusalem in Ezek 23:17. (3) Dod in some contexts means "uncle" (Lev 10:4, 1Sa 10:14-16, Esther 2:15).The Lxx uses agapao to translate dod in Song 1:4. In most of the other uses in the Song of Solomon, the Greek noun adelphidos is used (Song 2:3, et al) and is a term of endearment meaning beloved one. It can also mean kinsman. His garden - In Ecclesiastes we read Solomon's record "I made gardens and parks for myself, and I planted in them all kinds of fruit trees." (Eccl 2:5) His wife knew he loved gardens and suggested that this is where he had retreated. Carr interprets this differently - This may, of course, be a literal garden, but on the analogy of Song 4:10–5:1, it is more likely a reference to the physical person of the beloved. The Song of Solomon - Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries) NET Note on garden - The term גַּן (gan, “garden”) is used six other times in the Song. In five cases, it is used figuratively (Hypocatastasis) to describe her body or the sexual love of the couple (Song 4:12, 15, Song 4:16a, Song 4:16b; Song 5:1). There is only one usage in which it might refer to a real garden (Song 8:13). Thus, this usage of “garden” might be figurative or literal: (1) He went to a real garden for repose. Solomon did, in fact, own a great many gardens (Eccl 2:4–7; 1Chr 27:27). (2) The “garden” is a figurative description referring either to: (a) the young woman, (b) their sexual love, or (c) Solomon’s harem. (NET Note Song 6) Ronald Allen on garden...flock - his is a change of language from 4:12–16. On their wedding night, the bride presented herself to Solomon as his garden. But he has another “garden” to tend as well, and it is one in which he also takes great pleasure. This is the “garden” of his work, his responsibility as the king of Israel. The flock is the people; the lilies represent the produce of the land. This realization leads to the strong affirmation in the next verse that the husband and wife belong to each other. (Nelson Study Bible) NET Note on beds of balsam - The phrase כַּעֲרוּגַת הַבֹּשֶׂם (ka’arugat havvosem, “flower-beds of balsam”) is used elsewhere in the Song only in Song 5:13 where it is a simile comparing his cheeks to a flower-bed of balsam yielding perfumed spices. The term הַבֹּשֶׂם (“balsam-spice”) by itself appears five times in the Song, each time as a figure for sexual love (Song 4:10, 14, 16; 5:1; 8:14). Thus, the two options are: (1) the term refers to a real flower-bed of balsam to which Solomon had gone or (2) this term is a figure for sexual love. (NET Note Song 6) NET Note on pasture - The verb לִרְעוֹת (lir’ot, “to browse”; so NAB, NIV) is from the root רָעָה (ra’ah, “to feed, graze”) which is used seven times in the Song (Song 1:7, 8a, 8b; Song 2:16; 4:5; 6:2, 3). All its uses appear to be either literal or figurative descriptions of sheep grazing. The verb is used twice in reference to sheep “grazing” in a pasture (Song 1:7, 8). The participle is used once to designate “shepherds” (Song 1:8), once in reference to two fawns which “which graze among the lilies” as a figurative description of her breasts (Song 4:5), and twice as a figurative description of Solomon as “the one who grazes among the lilies” which is probably also a comparison of Solomon to a grazing sheep (Song 2:16; 6:3). Therefore, it is likely that the usage of the term לִרְעוֹת (“to graze”) in Song 6:2 is also a figurative comparison of Solomon to a sheep grazing among garden flowers. Thus, there are two options: (1) nuance the term לִרְעוֹת as “to browse” (NAB, NIV) and take this as a literal action of Solomon walking through a real garden or (2) nuance the term לִרְעוֹת as “to graze” (NLT) and take this as a figure in which Solomon is pictured as a gazelle grazing on the flowers in a garden. (NET Note Song 6) NET Note on interpretation of lilies - The term שׁוֹשַׁנָּה (shoshannah, “lily”) or שׁוֹשַׁנִים (shoshanim, “lilies”) appears eight times in the Song (Song 2:1, 2, 16; 4:5; 5:13; 6:2, 3; 7:2). Of these five are unequivocally used figuratively as descriptions of a woman or women (Song 2:1, 2), the color and softness of her breasts (Song 4:5), the attractiveness of his lips (Song 5:13), and her waist (Song 7:2). The closest parallel to Song 6:2 is the description “the one who grazes among the lilies” (Song 2:16; 6:3) which is a figurative expression comparing his romancing of his Beloved with a sheep feeding on lilies. However, this still leaves a question as to what the lilies represent in Song 2:16; 6:2, 3. The phrase “to gather lilies” itself appears only here in the Song. However, the synonymous phrase “to gather myrrh and balsam spice” is used in Song 5:1 as a figure (euphemistic Hypocatastasis) for sexual consummation by the man of the woman. There are three basic options as to how “lilies” may be taken: (1) The lilies are real flowers; he has gone to a real garden in which to repose and she is picking real lilies. (2) The term “lilies” is a figure for the young woman; he is romancing her just as he had in Song 2:16 and Song 5:1. He is kissing her mouth just as a sheep would graze among lilies. (3) The term “lilies” is a figure expression referring to other women, such as his harem (e.g., Song 6:8–9). Two factors support the “harem” interpretation: (1) Solomon had recently departed from her, and she was desperate to find him after she refused him. (2) His harem is mentioned explicitly in Song 6:8–9. However, several other factors support the Beloved interpretation: (1) She expresses her confidence in Song 6:3 that he is devoted to her. (2) The immediately following use of “lilies” in Song 6:3 appears to refer to her, as in Song 2:16 and Song 5:1. (3) He praises her in Song 6:4–7, suggesting that he was romancing her in Song 6:2–3. (4) Although his harem is mentioned in Song 6:8–10, all these women acknowledge that he is disinterested in them and only loves her. (5) Her exultation “I am my beloved’s and my beloved is mine; the one who grazes among the lilies” (Song 6:3) is a statement of assurance in their relationship and this would seem quite strange if he was cavorting with his harem while she said this. (NET Note Song 6) Shulammite (young woman)... Song 6:3 "I am my beloved's and my beloved is mine, he who pastures his flock among the lilies." NET - I am my lover's and my lover is mine; he grazes among the lilies. NLT - I am my lover's, and my lover is mine. He browses among the lilies. Young Man The idea of her affirmation could be expressed "I belong to my beloved, and my lover belongs to me.” Or it could also be expressed, “I am devoted to my beloved, and my lover is devoted to me.” I am my beloved's... - Her declaration is an inversion of Song 2:16. (cp Song 7:10) While this may be of no significance, the NET Note proposes that "it might signal a shift in her view of their relationship: Originally, she focused on her possession of him, now she focused on his possession of her." (NET Note Song 6)