2 Coríntios 5
Bob Utley · Citado em PreceptAustin
2 Coríntios 5
Utley has a good summary of the Spirit - The giving of the Spirit is (1) the sign the New Age has dawned; (2) the evidence of personal salvation; (3) the means of ministry; (4) the means for maturity; and (5) the surety of heaven.
2 Coríntios 5
Utley - In Christ” (a LOCATIVE of sphere) is Paul’s most common way of identifying believers. For life, true life, abundant life, believers must remain in vital union with Christ by faith (cf. John 15:5). (ED: The idea of "remain" speaks of our practice, for we are positionally in Christ forever. Sadly our practice [ED: aka progressive sanctification] often does not match our position!) Alan Carr adds this note on locative of sphere in the phrase "in Christ" - In the Greek, this phrase is known as a “locative of sphere.” A “locative” tells us where something is. The “sphere” speaks of one thing's location in relationship to other things. So, when the Bible says that we are “in Christ,” is means that we live within the sphere of Christ. In other words, Jesus Christ is the One Who surrounds us. No matter where we go, we cannot step out of Jesus. You can step out of a circle, but you cannot step out of a sphere. A sphere surrounds all that is within it. In like manner, Jesus Christ totally surrounds all those who are in Him. When you consider our location with regards to the area of our security, we are eternally safe because we cannot step out of the sphere of Christ (ED: HE IS SPEAKING POSITIONALLY, NOT EXPERIENTIALLY). No matter where we run we still within His sphere and we cannot escape from Him. When we consider our position within the sphere of Christ with regards to our daily walk, it reminds us that every step occurs within the sphere of our relationship to Jesus Christ. Every action, every thought, every deed should be considered in the light of who we are, Whose we are and where we are. Because we are “in Christ,” that is ever within the sphere of His presence, His influence and His will, we conform every area of our lives to His will. Simply stated, because we are “in Him,” we should live like (ED: EXPERIENTIALLY - EMPOWERED BY HIS SPIRIT TO CONTINUALLY PRACTICE OUR POSITION) we are “in Him.” Paul expounded on the idea of a believer's new identity, using the phrase in Christ or its synonyms (over 160 times in some form - in Him, in the Beloved, in Christ, in Christ Jesus, in the Lord - study the references here). In Christ summarizes the profound truth that believers are now and forever in an unbreakable, irrevocable, indissoluble spiritual union with the Lord Jesus Christ. Indeed, considering the prevalence of in Christ and its synonyms in Paul's writings, this mysterious spiritual truth is surely one of the most significant teachings in the New Testament. R David Rightmire - There are some occurrences, however, that use the formula “in Christ” in a locative sense, denoting the idea of incorporation (Rom. 8:1; 16:7; 1 Cor. 15:22; 2 Cor. 5:17; Phil. 3:8–9). In this sense, Christ is depicted as the locus of the believer’s life. If the preposition (en) is interpreted in a local, spatial sense, and Christos is understood mystically as the Spirit of the glorified Lord, then close union of Christ and the Christian is meant (2Co 5:17). “In Christ” is an expression of intimate interrelatedness, analogous to the air that is breathed: it is in the person, yet at the same time, the person is in it. Thus, Paul’s use of the phrase is similar to his concept of being baptized “into Christ” (Gal. 3:27), with connotations of intimate spiritual communion with Christ. Those who have been baptized into Christ are “in him.” There are, however, eschatological dimensions of the phrase that indicate a dynamic influence of Christ on the Christian who is incorporated into him. (Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology) Theodore Epp on in Christ - Every believer's "new life is life "in Christ." The word "in" does not in this connection speak of location, such as "in an automobile," but carries the idea of union. On the resurrection side of this experience we have His life. He has come to live in us. It is this that marks the real difference between the old life prior to our salvation and the new life now that we are saved. It is necessary before the believer can enjoy victory in Christ for the power of the old life to be broken. This is accomplished through union with Christ in His crucifixion. This is not an experience that we must struggle to enter into now. It was accomplished for us in the past. The King James Version is not clear on this point. The American Standard Version of 1901 will help us here. The expression "I am crucified with Christ" is translated in the ASV: "I have been crucified with Christ." God got rid of the old self-life by crucifying it. We were separated from the old self-life when we died with Christ." Charles Swindoll has an interesting comment stating that "Most people do not realize that Paul is alluding to a very important Old Testament passage, Isaiah 65:17: “For behold, I create new heavens and a new earth; and the former things will not be remembered or come to mind.” The Isaiah text refers specifically to the renewal of creation that will come about after Christ returns and perfects this world, cleansing it from its wickedness and radically restoring and surpassing its original intention. Peter writes, “According to His promise [in the Old Testament Scriptures] we are looking for new heavens and a new earth, in which righteousness dwells” (2Pe 3:13). In Revelation 21–22, we catch a marvelous glimpse of this new condition. In 2 Corinthians 5:17, Paul applies this imagery to the redeemed believer, indicating the stunning, radical, dramatic transformation that God designed to take place when a believer says “I do” to Jesus Christ. When Christ invades a life, He performs a miraculous act of re-creation, analogous to the extreme overhaul of creation itself that He will perform at the Second Coming. He brings into being something new. When this new life is born in us by the work of the Holy Spirit, not by human works (Gal. 6:15), we will be transformed from the inside out, changing our priorities, our relationships, and our actions. Only God can do this work in us, but once He has done it, we participate in living out the inner working (Phil. 2:12–13)." The old things (archaios) passed away (parerchomai); behold (idou - an imperative), new (kainos) things have come - When sinners believed in Jesus and were delivered from the domain of darkness and transferred to the Kingdom of light, from their old position in Adam (under the domain of Satan) to their new position in Christ (Christ as King), a supernatural birth transpired, a radical change in our "makeup." The old things refers to our former way of thinking (living, speaking, etc) in the flesh. Passed away (parerchomai) is in the aorist tense indicating that this event "passing away" transpired at a point in time in the past, at the moment we, by grace through faith (Eph 2:8, 9+), accepted Christ as our Lord and Savior and were born again, regenerated by the Holy Word (Gospel) and the Holy Spirit. (cf Ro 10:9, 10+) Thomas
2 Coríntios 5:4-5
Utley - This concept of a pledge had an OT precedent: (1) a promise to pay a debt (cf. Gen. 38:17, 18, 20; Deut. 24:10–13); (2) a promise of providing sustenance (cf. 1 Sam. 17:18); and (3) a personal promise (cf. 2 Kgs. 18:23; Isa. 36:8).