1 Crônicas 12
Bob Utley · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Crônicas 12
Utley - Zadok" Josephus, Antiq. 7.2.2, calls him "the priest," which denotes "the High Priest." If so, this is the earliest information we have on the priest at Gibeon who anointed Solomon king. During David's day, there were two High Priests, but one (Abiathar) supported a rival of Solomon and was removed from office by Solomon and restricted to his home city. 1 Chronicles 12:29 And of the sons of Benjamin, Saul's kinsmen, 3,000; for until now the greatest part of them had kept their allegiance to the house of Saul. kinsmen: Heb. brethren, 1Ch 12:2 Ge 31:23 the greatest part of them: Heb. a multitude of them, 2Sa 2:8,9 EVEN SAUL'S KINSMAN JOIN DAVID! And of the sons of Benjamin, Saul's kinsmen, 3,000; for until now the greatest part of them had kept their allegiance to the house of Saul - Clearly this indicates that David is not in the "driver's seat" of the nation for he has won over Saul's kinsmen. Related Resources: Who was Benjamin in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org What can we learn from the tribe of Benjamin? | GotQuestions.org Who was King Saul in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org Was King Saul saved? | GotQuestions.org 1 Chronicles 12:30 And of the sons of Ephraim 20,800, mighty men of valor, famous men in their fathers' households. BGT 1 Chronicles 12:31 καὶ ἀπὸ υἱῶν Εφραιμ εἴκοσι χιλιάδες καὶ ὀκτακόσιοι δυνατοὶ ἰσχύι ἄνδρες ὀνομαστοὶ κατ᾽ οἴκους πατριῶν αὐτῶν LXE 1 Chronicles 12:30 And of the sons of Ephraim, twenty thousand and eight hundred mighty men, famous in the houses of their fathers. KJV 1 Chronicles 12:30 And of the children of Ephraim twenty thousand and eight hundred, mighty men of valour, famous throughout the house of their fathers. NET 1 Chronicles 12:30 From Ephraim there were 20,800 warriors, who had brought fame to their families. CSB 1 Chronicles 12:30 From the Ephraimites: 20,800 brave warriors who were famous men in their ancestral houses. ESV 1 Chronicles 12:30 Of the Ephraimites 20,800, mighty men of valor, famous men in their fathers' houses. NIV 1 Chronicles 12:30 men of Ephraim, brave warriors, famous in their own clans--20,800; NLT 1 Chronicles 12:30 From the tribe of Ephraim, there were 20,800 brave warriors, each highly respected in his own clan. NRS 1 Chronicles 12:30 Of the Ephraimites, twenty thousand eight hundred, mighty warriors, notables in their ancestral houses. NJB 1 Chronicles 12:31 Ephraimites: twenty thousand eight hundred valiant champions, men famous in their families; NAB 1 Chronicles 12:31 Of the Ephraimites: twenty thousand eight hundred warriors, men renowned in their ancestral houses. YLT 1 Chronicles 12:30 And of the sons of Ephraim are twenty thousand and eight hundred, mighty of valour, men of name, according to the house of their fathers. And of the sons of Ephraim 20,800, mighty men (gibbor; Lxx - dunatos)(see discussion above) of valor (chayil; Lxx - ischus) famous men (literally "Heb. men of names") in their fathers' households. Related Resources: Who was Ephraim in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org What can we learn from the tribe of Ephraim? | GotQuestions.org 1 Chronicles 12:31 And of the half-tribe of Manasseh 18,000, who were designated by name to come and make David king. the half tribe: Jos 17:1-18 And of the half-tribe of Manasseh (SEE MAP FOR TRIBE LOCATION) 18,000, who were designated by name to come and make David king. Related Resources: What can we learn from the tribe of Manasseh? | GotQuestions.org Who was Manasseh in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org 1 Chronicles 12:32 And of the sons of Issachar, men who understood the times, with knowledge of what Israel should do, their chiefs were two hundred; and all their kinsmen were at their command. understood the times: Ge 49:14 Es 1:13 Isa 22:12-14 33:6 Mic 6:9 Mt 16:3 Lu 12:56,57 to know: Pr 14:8 Eph 5:17 all their: Pr 24:5 Ec 7:19 9:18 MEN OF ISSACHAR WHO UNDERSTOOD THE TIMES And of the sons of Issachar (SEE MAP FOR TRIBE LOCATION), men who understood the times, with knowledge of what Israel should do, their chiefs were two hundred; and all their kinsmen were at their command - In 1Ch7:5 there were 87,000 mighty men of valor...here there are 200 heads. These men knew what was proper to be done in all the exigencies of human life; and who now perceived that it was both the duty and political interest of Israel to advance David to the throne. Men who understand the times can be counted on in the day of danger. Ignorance breeds indolence. These men had become mature. They knew the Bible inside and out. They had studied their times and had wrestled with the problems of the day, both in their personal lives and in their society. As a result, they “knew what Israel should do.” They were equipped to provide God-honoring leadership. THOUGHT - Lord of all creation, would You please make Your men and women like the sons of Issachar, so that we, filled with and enabled by Your Spirit (Eph 5:18+), might "be careful how we walk, not as unwise men but as wise, redeeming the time (watch video) for the days are evil." In the Name of our King, the great Son of David. Amen (Eph 5:15-16+) Christians are called upon to observe carefully and scrutinize closely the spiritual aspects of the time in which they live, in order as far as possible to note the signs of God's presence and working. Today parents must be similarly aware of trends, technology, and influences. Don’t be left ill equipped for the battle. Ask God for wisdom, ask your children appropriate and timely questions, and seek to understand the times we live in. Are you recognizing God's activity in your times? who understood the times: The verb from which this noun is derived refers to knowledge which is superior to the mere gathering of data. While understanding is a gift of God, it does not come automatically. We can get information from a Google search, but true understanding and knowledge is from on High! The possession of it requires a persistent diligence. It is more than IQ; it connotes character. One is at fault if he doesn't have it and in fact, not to pursue it will incur God's punishment (Pr 2:1ff; Ru 1:21ff). When one acts on the objective presentations of God's revelation, he will attain the ideal of the significance of understanding. Vance Havner on understood the times - With all the news media of today there is plenty of knowledge of the times, but little understanding. Such understanding will not be gained from news analysts and political experts. It must be based on God's Word and it produces a practical knowledge of what "Israel," God's people, ought to do. We must know the times, we must understand them, and we must know what to do.
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Utley on defected - "defected" The MT has the VERB "fell upon" (BDB 656, KB 709, Qal PERFECT, which is usually an idiom of attack (i.e., Jos. 11:7), but here of joining with (cf. 2 Chr. 15:9; Jer. 37:14; 39:9). 1 Chronicles 12:20 As he went to Ziklag, there defected to him from Manasseh: Adnah, Jozabad, Jediael, Michael, Jozabad, Elihu, and Zillethai, captains of thousands who belonged to Manasseh. As he went: 1Sa 29:11 captains: Ex 18:21 De 1:15 33:17 As he went to Ziklag, there defected to him from Manasseh: Adnah, Jozabad, Jediael, Michael, Jozabad, Elihu, and Zillethai, captains of thousands who belonged to Manasseh. These captains of Manasseh seem to have met David as he was returning from the army of the Philistines to Ziklag. It is probable that they did not bring their companies with them; yet they both assured him of future assistance, and very seasonably helped him against the Amalekites who had spoiled Ziklag. Beginning with his stay at Ziklag and continuing through his seven and one-half years at Hebron, David’s strength continued to increase (cf. 2Sa 3:1). 1 Chronicles 12:21 And they helped David against the band of raiders, for they were all mighty men of valor, and were captains in the army. against the band: 1Sa 30:1-17 mighty men: 1Ch 12:20 5:24 11:10,21,22 THEY HELPED DAVID WHO WAS HELPED BY GOD! And they helped David against the band of raiders (See commentary 1Sa 30:1-17), for they were all mighty men (gibbor; Lxx - dunatos)(see discussion above) of valor (chayil; Lxx - ischus) and were captains in the army - See comments above on 1Ch 12:17. The JPSOA, in a footnote, has "the band of Amalekite raiders," from 1 Sam. 30:8,15. See commentary on 1 Samuel 30 for background. Mighty men - phrase occurs 63x in 62v - Gen. 6:4; 2 Sam. 10:7; 2 Sam. 16:6; 2 Sam. 17:8; 2 Sam. 20:7; 2 Sam. 23:8; 2 Sam. 23:9; 2 Sam. 23:16; 2 Sam. 23:17; 2 Sam. 23:22; 1 Ki. 1:8; 1 Ki. 1:10; 2 Ki. 15:20; 2 Ki. 24:14; 1 Chr. 5:24; 1 Chr. 7:2; 1 Chr. 7:5; 1 Chr. 7:7; 1 Chr. 7:9; 1 Chr. 7:11; 1 Chr. 7:40; 1 Chr. 8:40; 1 Chr. 11:10; 1 Chr. 11:11; 1 Chr. 11:12; 1 Chr. 11:19; 1 Chr. 11:24; 1 Chr. 11:26; 1 Chr. 12:1; 1 Chr. 12:8; 1 Chr. 12:21; 1 Chr. 12:25; 1 Chr. 12:30; 1 Chr. 19:8; 1 Chr. 26:6; 1 Chr. 28:1; 1 Chr. 29:24; Neh. 3:16; Job 34:24; Eccl. 12:3; Cant. 3:7; Cant. 4:4; Isa. 21:17; Jer. 5:16; Jer. 26:21; Jer. 46:5; Jer. 46:9; Jer. 48:41; Jer. 49:22; Jer. 50:36; Jer. 51:30; Jer. 51:56; Jer. 51:57; Ezek. 39:18; Ezek. 39:20; Dan. 8:24; Joel 2:7; Joel 3:9; Obad. 1:9; Nah. 2:3; Zech. 10:5; Rev. 19:18 Larry Richardson - DEVOTIONAL Inspiring Loyalty (1 Chron. 11–12) Borrow The 365 day devotional commentary One definition of a leader is, “He’s a person who figures out where everyone is going, and gets out in front!” A better definition is, “A leader is someone who knows where he or she is going, and inspires others to come along.” The ability to inspire loyalty in others was one of David’s greatest gifts. If you or I are to have a significant impact in our church or community, we need to follow David’s lead and inspire loyalty in others. What does this extended passage on David’s “mighty men” and his army teach us about inspiring loyalty? Note first the quality of the men who joined David (1Ch 11:1–47). The Hebrew word gibborim, frequently translated “mighty men,” might be rendered “war heroes.” Each of these men was an ancient “Rambo.” But each, rather than run off on his own, joined David and served under him. To inspire loyalty, we need to appreciate others and give them opportunities to use their abilities. We shouldn’t be threatened if we work or minister with people who excel. David was generous in his appreciation for his war heroes, and gave them a significant role in his army. When we help others achieve, we earn their loyalty. Note the steady increase of loyal men as “day after day men came to help David” (1Ch 12:19–22). The men who came to join David did so not only because of his reputation, but to help David “against raiding bands” (1Ch 12:21). Even before David was made king, he fought against the enemies of God’s people. To inspire loyalty we need to have a cause that motivates others to join us. Note that literally thousands of Israelites finally “volunteered to serve in the ranks” of David’s army, and to make him king (vv. 23–40). David’s reputation, earned over many years of struggle, won over the whole nation. If we want others to be loyal to us, we must first be committed to a cause. David had remained steadfast in his purpose, and won the respect of all people. Personal Application When God calls you to lead, seek others with ability, give them significant tasks, and be committed to your cause. Quotable “A great leader never sets himself above his followers except in carrying responsibilities.”—Jules Ormont 1 Chronicles 12:22 For day by day men came to David to help him, until there was a great army like the army of God. day by day: 2Sa 2:2-4 3:1 Job 17:9 like the host of God: That is, says the Targumist, a very numerous army, like the army of the angel of God. Ge 32:2 Jos 5:14 Ps 148:2 A MIGHTY ARMY LIKE THE ARMY OF GOD! For day by day men came to David to help (azar) him, until there was a great army like the army of God - Why did they come? Did David drop leaflets from Heaven? No, but God's Spirit in effect did, stirring the hearts of many men that they would be like the army of God. "like the army of God" The title Jehovah Sabaoth, LORD of hosts (of armies) has a military connotation. God has thousands of angels at His command (i.e., divine aid, cf. 2 Kgs. 6:17; Ps. 68:17; 103:20,21; 148:2). ESV Study Bible - from day to day men came to David to help him. - A summarizing comment on the whole chapter: from small beginnings (1 Sam. 27:2), a great army was progressively gathered to David, up to his anointing as king in Hebron. like an army of God. David did not have to seek these warriors: God was strengthening him.(borrow ESV Study Bible) James Butler - Day by Day (from Daily Bible Reading - Sermonettes) “At that time day by day there came to David to help him, until it was a great host, like the host of God.” (1 Chron. 12:22) DAVID is experiencing some serious problems in the context of our verse. Saul is pursuing David with the intention of killing David. So David is forced to flee from Saul and hide out wherever possible. Things were really dark for David. The promise given him by Samuel that God would make him king seemed doomed because of his circumstances. But our verse says that “day by day there came to David to help him,” and this help eventually became a “great host, like the host of God,” and it helped David become king. In our life we have the same “day by day” experience. We see it in our problems, our prayers, and our pursuits. Problems. We want God to solve our problems all at once. We want the last part of our verse first. We want the “great host” without the “day by day” process. But seldom does God skip the “day by day” process in solving our problems, for the “day by day” process teaches us to trust Him “day by day.” If we got out of our troubles all at once, we would often forget God and stray from Him and, therefore, get into more troubles. So it is “day by day” that God solves our problems. Prayers. God works “day by day” regarding the answering of our prayers, too. Sometimes we complain that God does not answer our prayers when actually He is answering our prayers all the time. What we fail to see is that God is answering them “day by day,” not all at once. So be patient, keep praying. Do not give up. In due time you will see that the “day by day” answering of your prayers will eventually add up to a “great host” of answered prayers. Pursuits. Do you get discouraged because you see little results in your pursuits? The professional musician did not become skilled overnight. It was a “day by day” practicing that produced his great host of skills. A house is not built in a day, but “day by day” the builders add lumber and other materials together and eventually it becomes a house. Be faithful “day by day” in your pursuits. It will result in host of achievements in the future. 1 Chronicles 12:23 Now these are the numbers of the divisions equipped for war, who came to David at Hebron, to turn the kingdom of Saul to him, according to the word of the LORD. the numbers: 1Ch 11:1-3 2Sa 2:3,4 5:1-3 bands: or, captains, or men, Heb. heads to turn: 1Ch 10:14 according: 1Ch 11:10 1Sa 16:1,3,12,13 2Sa 3:18 Ps 2:6 89:19,20 SUPPORT FOR DAVID AT HEBRON (12:23-37) Now these are the numbers of the divisions equipped for war, who came to David at Hebron, to turn the kingdom of Saul to him, according to the word of the LORD. Walton points out that "tribal alliance as foundation for kingship. Israel was still a tribal society despite the decision to have a king at their head. As a result, any potential king needed to procure the backing of the tribal leadership and the military contingents of the clans to support his bid for the throne. Henry
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Utley - "came upon" There are several ways to describe the special empowering of the Spirit. "clothed" ‒ BDB 527, KB 519 Gideon (a judge) ‒ Jdgs. 6:34 Amasai (a soldier) ‒ here Zechariah (a priest) ‒ 2 Chr. 24:20 "came upon" ‒ BDB 224, KB 243 Moses ‒ Num. 11:25,29 Balaam ‒ Num. 24:2 Othniel ‒ Jdgs. 3:10 Samson ‒ Jdgs. 14:6,19; 15:14 Saul ‒ 1 Sam. 10:6,10; 11:6 David ‒ 1 Sam. 16:13 the messengers of Saul ‒ 1 Sam. 19:20,23 Azariah ‒ 2 Chr. 15:1 "rested upon" ‒ BDB 628, KB 679 elders in Israel ‒ Num. 11:25,26 Messiah ‒ Isa. 11:2 "filled" ‒ BDB 569, KB 583 tabernacle artisans ‒ Exod. 28:3; 31:3; 35:31 Joshua ‒ Deut. 34:9 Micah ‒ Mic. 3:8 "stir" ‒ BDB 821, KB 952, Jdgs. 13:25 (Samson) "rouse" or "wake" ‒ BDB 734, KB 802 Pul ‒ 1 Chr. 5:26 Cyrus II ‒ 2 Chr. 36:22; Ezra 1:1 exiles ‒ Ezra 1:5 Zerubbabel ‒ Hag. 1:14 Joshua ‒ Hag. 1:14 remnant ‒ Hag. 1:14 "entered" ‒ BDB 97, KB, Ezek. 3:24 (ED: UTLEY MAKES AN EXCELLENT POINT) Be careful of making too much of a distinction between the OT and NT when it comes to being empowered, even indwelt, by the Spirit. The NT is a fulfilment of Jer. 31:31-34, described as "a new spirit" in Ezek. 36:27-38 (cf. Luke 24:49). SPECIAL TOPIC: SPIRIT (filling) Helps (05826) 'azar means to protect, aid, help, succor, support, give material or nonmaterial encouragement. Azar often refers to aid in the form of military assistance and in many instances refers to help from Jehovah as illustrated by the uses below. Webster says to help means to aid, to assist, to succour (see below), to lend strength or means towards effecting a purpose. To relieve; to cure, or to mitigate pain or disease. To remedy; to change for the better. The Septuagint translates 'azar most often with the word group that includes boáo, boetheo, boethos, all conveying the general idea of running to the aid of one who cries out for help (e.g., see He 2:18-note which uses boetheo) which is similar to the English word succour (from Latin succurrere = to run up, run to help) means literally to run to and so to run to to support, to go to the aid of, to help or relieve when in difficulty, want or distress; to assist and deliver front suffering; as, to succor a besieged city; to succor prisoners.