1 Coríntios 5
Bob Utley · Citado em PreceptAustin
1 Coríntios 5
Utley - The English “actually” is the Greek holōs, a rare form which occurs in I Corinthians several times (cf. 1 Cor 5:1; 6:7; 15:34). It is a form of the term holōs, which means “wholly,” “altogether.” This rare form seems to mean “widely known” (cf. NJB). This may have been one of the reasons Paul was so upset over this flagrant immorality. The Corinthian church was glorying in it and it was being widely reported to the other churches. Paul had to deal with this out-of-bounds action and the attitude of this church lest they negatively affect all churches (the yeast principle, cf. 1 Cor 5:6–8). Where did this sin arise? Jesus explains "For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed the evil thoughts, fornications (porneia), thefts, murders, adulteries...All these evil things proceed from within and defile (koinoo in present tense - continually pollute) the man.” (Mk. 7:21, 23+) Paul adds in Gal 5:19+ "Now the deeds of the flesh (flesh - the fallen, unregenerate state inherited from Adam - Ro 5:12+) are evident, which are: immorality (porneia), impurity, sensuality." Paul goes on to declare these are sins "of which I forewarn you, just as I have forewarned you, that those who (present tense - continually) practice (practice does not make perfect!) such things will not inherit the kingdom of God." In Ephesians 5:3, 5+ Paul declares that "immorality (porneia) or any impurity or greed must not even be named among you, as is proper among saints....For this you know with certainty, that no (habitually, continually practicing) immoral (pornos) or impure person or covetous man, who is an idolater (DON'T MISS THIS POINT - COVETOUSNESS & GREED = IDOLATRY! MONEY/POSSESSIONS TAKE PRECEDENCE OVER GOD!), has an inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God." Both Jesus and Paul warn that immorality is a dangerous and that if it is practiced as one's lifestyle, one's habitual, continuing, unabated practice (NOT TALKING ABOUT "BACKSLIDING" CHRISTIANS WHO SADLY CAN HAVE SEASONS OF UNREPENTANCE BUT NOT FOR THEIR ENTIRE LIFE!) will take a person straight to hell! Woe!
1 Coríntios 5
Utley - THEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND TO CHRISTIAN DISCIPLINE A. This is one of several passages in the NT on church discipline (cf. 1 Cor. 5:2, 7, 13; 2 Cor. 2:5–7; 2 Thess. 3:14–15; 1 Tim. 1:20; Titus 3:10). B. Church discipline has three purposes. 1. to maintain the reputation and integrity of the local church 2. to help disciple and restore an erring covenant brother or sister (cf. 2 Cor. 2:5–11; 2 Thess. 3:14–15) 3. to cause other Christians not to sin (cf. 1 Tim. 5:20) C. Discipline takes place in stages. 1. first, private confrontation and, if not successful, personal disfellowship (cf. Matt. 18:15; Gal. 6:1; 2 Thess. 3:14–15; Titus 3:10) 2. second, small group confrontation (cf. Matt. 18:16) 3. third, public exclusion from the Christian fellowship (cf. Matt. 18:17; 1 Cor. 5:1; 1 Tim. 1:20) The goal is always repentance and restoration, not just isolation and punishment (cf. 2 Cor. 2:6–8; Gal. 6:1) (1 Corinthians 5 Commentary) Related Resources: Is it wrong to have a romantic relationship with a close relative? | GotQuestions.org Is it a sin to watch pornography with my spouse? | GotQuestions.org What does the Bible say about pornography? | GotQuestions.org Should I tell my spouse about my pornography addiction? | GotQuestions.org How can I overcome an addiction to internet porn? Can addiction to pornography be defeated? | GotQuestions.org Is pornography addiction an acceptable reason for divorce? | GotQuestions.org What is wrong with viewing pornography, if I don’t lust after the person? | GotQuestions.org Is looking at pornography a sin? | GotQuestions.org Masturbation - is it a sin according to the Bible? | GotQuestions.org Is masturbation a sin? | GotQuestions.org Is it ever not a sin to masturbate? | GotQuestions.org How can an unmarried person relieve sexual tension in a non-sinful way? | GotQuestions.org Some practical tools for dealing with pornography - Covenant Eyes allows a degree of accountability. Vidangel scrubs the cursing and sex from movies and has allowed me to watch some movies I never would have watched. What is fascinating is that while some shows had major deletions, there has never been a loss of continuity in the show which indicates just how gratuitous the language and sex is in most shows! Pastor Brian Bell addresses the issue of pornography in the church - This is just his introduction - I would recommend reading his entire message (1 Corinthians 5 Turn & Connect) I. INTRODUCTION A. Temptations in Paul’s day? (Mark Driscoll calls the Cor church, Christians Gone Wild!) B. Corinth was known and identified far and wide as a city of evil & immorality. (Corinthianize, i.e., practice immorality). [A liberal town, a dble port city in Greece] 1. They had their temple dedicated to Aphrodite, w/some 1000 female priests, or religious prostitutes. C. Siren’s in Greek Mythology: Sirens combine women & birds in various ways, w/or w/o wings, playing a variety of musical instruments, especially harps. 1. The term “siren song” refers to an appeal that is hard to resist but that, if heeded, will lead to a bad result. 2. Odysseus(legendary Greek king of Ithica) was curious as to what the Sirens sounded like, so, on Circe’s advice(Sur-see’s, minor godess of magic), he had all his sailors plug their ears with beeswax and tie him to the mast. He ordered his men to leave him tied tightly to the mast, no matter how much he would beg. When he heard their beautiful song, he ordered the sailors to untie him but they bound him the tighter. When they had passed out of earshot, Odysseus demonstrated with his frowns to be released. 3. In his notebooks Leonardo da Vinci wrote of the Siren, "The siren sings so sweetly that she lulls the mariners to sleep; then she climbs upon the ships and kills the sleeping mariners." [no, they didn’t have internet, but the appeal was just as great] D. Temptations in our day? E. They were looked on as Corinthianized. Today...we have Californication (TV show; & song by Red Hot Chili Peppers). (Californication is a portmanteau of California and fornication) Corinthianize is actually in Collins Dictionary F Pornography Stats: 1. At 13.3 billion, the 2006 revenues of the sex and porn industry in the U.S. are bigger than the NFL, NBA and Major League Baseball combined.. Worldwide sex industry sales for 2006 are reported to be 97 billion. Perspective? Microsoft, who sells the operating system used on most of the computers in the world(think all of India & China)reported sales of 44.8 billion in 2006. 2. The porn industry made more last year than: “Microsoft, Google, Amazon, E-bay, Yahoo, Apple, Netflix, & Earth Link”...combined. 3. Pornography is scarring lives, destroying marriages(lying/trust issues, hurt, forgiveness, how many times. Feelings of: “being cheated on”, “lack of her self-worth”, “I’m not good enough”), corrupting the church and destroying our nation; without action the problem will only get worse. G. We are going tonight to have a serious talk about real life issues. (Stats: about 50% men in churches; 17% women struggle w/pornography) H. A serious talk about the bondage, addiction and trauma that so many people are struggling with today. 1. Hopefully, those who are struggling with this (a family, husband, wife, oldest son, single man/women) you’ll be challenged to open up these areas of their lives to God, so He can heal you and set you free. I. How do we deal with then, sexual immorality in the church today? Like Paul did. J. Our Outline, sexual immorality needs to be dealt with for... II. #1 FOR THE OFFENDER’S SAKE! (1-5) III. #2 FOR THE CHURCH’S SAKE! (6-8)- For the World’s Sake! [Title: Turn & Connect] IV. #3 FOR THE WORLD’S SAKE! (9-13) V. Chapter Overview: VI. What To Do? 1 Corinthians 5:2 You have become arrogant and have not mourned instead, so that the one who had done this deed would be removed from your midst. Amplified - And you are proud and arrogant! And you ought rather to mourn (bow in sorrow and in shame) until the person who has done this [shameful] thing is removed from your fellowship and your midst! Wuest's Paraphrase - And as for you, you have been guilty of an inflated ego and are at present in the same state. And ought you not to have rather gone into mourning, to the end that the one who has done this deed might be taken out of your midst? (Eerdmans Publishing - used by permission) You have become arrogant: 1Co 5:6 4:6-8,18 have not mourned: Nu 25:6 2Ki 22:19 Ezr 9:2-6 10:1-6 Ps 119:136 Jer 13:17 Eze 9:4,6 2Co 7:7,9-11 12:21 would be removed 1Co 5:5,7,13 Rev 2:20-22 1 Corinthians 5 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passage: 2 Thessalonians 3:6 Now we command you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you keep away from every brother who leads an unruly life and not according to the tradition which you received from us. Revelation 2:19-23+ (CHURCH AT THYATIRA HAS PARALLELS WITH CHURCH AT CORINTH) ‘I know your deeds, and your love and faith and service and perseverance, and that your deeds of late are greater than at first. 20 ‘But I have this against you, that you tolerate the woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess, and she teaches and leads My bond-servants astray (EXAMPLE OF A "LOT OF LEAVEN" CORRUPTING THE LUMP!) so that they commit acts of immorality (porneuo) and eat things sacrificed to idols (NB: IMMORALITY ALMOST ALWAYS CLOSELY ASSOCIATED WITH IDOLATRY). 21 ‘I gave her time to repent, and she does not want to repent of her immorality. 22 ‘Behold, I will throw her on a bed of sickness, and those who commit adultery with her into great tribulation, unless they repent of her deeds. 23 ‘And I will kill her children with pestilence, and all the churches will know that I am He who searches the minds and hearts; and I will give to each one of you according to your deeds. (GOD IS JEALOUS FOR THE PURITY OF HIS BRIDE! THE WAGES OF SIN IS DEATH. ) YOUR PRIDE PREVENTS PROPER RESPONSE While the sin of incest surely shocked Paul, what shocked and saddened him even more was the failure of the Corinthian church to take any disciplinary action against the man committing the sin. And in this passage he explains why they basically "did nothing" and/or "looked the other way!" The church as Corinth was tolerating this heinous sin of incest which had been ongoing. Sin seen too often soon appears less sinful or as Alexander Pope put it... Vice is a monster of so frightful mien, As to be hated needs but to be seen; Yet seen too oft, familiar with her face, We first endure, then pity, then embrace. Paul's instructions to the church at Ephesus should be the watchword of every church for Paul warned that... "immorality (porneia) or any impurity or greed must not even be named (present imperative with a negative, passive voice - see our need to depend on the Holy Spirit to obey) among you, as is proper among saints...5:11 Do not participate (present imperative see our need to depend on the Holy Spirit to obey) in the unfruitful deeds of darkness, but instead even expose them." (Ephesians 5:3, 11+) While the Corinthians were not necessarily participating physically in the unfruitful deeds, they were nevertheless fully culpable, for they willfully refused to expose the sinner even though the sin was exposed to even the pagan world. You have become arrogant (phusioo as in 1 Cor 4:6, 18, 19+) and have not mourned instead - NLT = "And you are so proud of yourselves! Why aren't you mourning in sorrow and shame?" Notice carefully that Paul does not level his spiritual "guns" at the man who was committing the incest (his only other mention of the man is in 1 Cor 5:5) but instead rebukes the entire congregation, like a good spiritual father (1 Cor 4:15)! You is plural so he is addressing the church collectively. This was a congregational problem, not just a problem with one or two arrogant members. Applying this, it follows that this is not a job we should leave to the pastor or elders, but must each be diligent to be alert to persistent sin in our midst. WE ARE NOT TALKING ABOUT BEING A DIVINE "SHERLOCK HOLMES," just being alert to serious persistent sin and using Matthew 18:15-20 as our guide! Clearly the church at Corinth knew from God's perspective that incest was a gross sin, for Paul had taught them truth for 18 months and Apollos had watered following Paul (1 Cor 3:6). Not only that but as Paul goes on to say "I wrote you in my letter not to associate with immoral people." (1 Cor 5:9) And now they have immoral people in the midst of their congregation and everyone knew this sin was there! This was flagrant, willful, direct disobedience to the exhortation of their spiritual father! Typical children! The church failed to practice what Paul had taught them about not associating with immoral people! His words were "in one ear and out the other!" Even the Gentiles who flaunted their sexual freedom abhorred the sin of incest! Amazing when the pagans know better than the saints! Little wonder this was bringing reproach to the local body of Christ and ultimately to the glorious holy Name of Christ. It should have caused deep remorse and grief in the saints of the Church. Instead of being saddened, they were "satisfied" in self (in their arrogance - the root is "I", middle letter of prIde!) Gotquestions on you have become arrogant suggests that "the Corinthians had misunderstood the grace of God so badly that they had come to believe all sin should be tolerated, maybe even celebrated proudly, as evidence of God’s grace and forgiveness (1 Cor 5:2)." This church was into “permitting” rather than “confronting”! -- Brian Bell And so here Paul says that instead they were "puffed up", arrogant and apathetic toward the potential harm this gross sin would bring on the Body of Christ. The tragedy was that the church had become arrogant and were now in a settled state of arrogance (depicted by use of the perfect tense) regarding this sin. Wuest picks up this meaning in his paraphrase "you have been guilty of an inflated ego and are at present in the same state." (Eerdmans Publishing - used by permission) The verb mourned (pentheo) pictures a deep sadness, grief and sorrow (as when mourning over someone dead!) which the believers should have felt in light of such a severe reproach to the Name of Christ, the Head of the Church. Paul is implying that they should have been overwhelmed with shame, but their lack of sadness suggests they had little or no shame over sexual sin in their midst. Paul had undoubtedly taught them the words of Jesus “Blessed are those who mourn (pentheo), for they shall be comforted." (Mt 5:4+) “Lord, let me weep for nought but sin, And after none but Thee; And then I would-oh, that I might- A constant mourner be!” Utley has an interesting comment that "The real problem was the attitude of the church (PLURAL pronoun and verbs). They were proud of this situation. This shocking incident has several possible rationales: (1) from the general context it is possible that this was seen by the church as an example of the radical newness which salvation brings or (2) it reflects the Jewish background of Rabbi Aqibah illustrating how a new convert was a totally new person (A. T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament, p. 111). Therefore, in the Corinthian setting this was not incest, but Christian freedom (one’s newness in Christ). (1 Corinthians 5 Commentary) In his second letter Paul used pentheo again because he was afraid even after warning the saints he was still going to find sinful issues "For I am afraid that perhaps when I come I may find you to be not what I wish and may be found by you to be not what you wish; that perhaps there will be strife, jealousy, angry tempers, disputes, slanders, gossip, arrogance, disturbances I am afraid that when I come again my God may humiliate me before you, and I may mourn (pentheo) over many of those who have sinned in the past and not repented of the impurity, immorality and sensuality which they have practiced." (2 Cor 12:20-21) Arrogant (inflated)(5448)(phusioo from phusia = a pair of bellows!) means literally to puff up, to inflate, to cause to swell up or blow up. Figuratively, as in the present passage phusioo means make proud or arrogant (active sense) or to become conceited, proud or haughty (passive sense as in this verse). To become puffed up or put on airs. In classic Greek phusioo was used to describe anger that swells (puffs up) the heart. Moulton and Milligan record an example of phusioo from ancient literature - "priding themselves on their birth". Phusioo describes one who has an exaggerated self-concept (as indicated by the adverb eike = there being no reason). All 7 uses in NT - 1 Co. 4:6; 1 Co. 4:18; 1 Co. 4:19; 1 Co. 5:2; 1 Co. 8:1; 1 Co. 13:4; Col. 2:18 Clearly the concentration of phusioo in the first epistle to the Corinthians reflects that spiritual pride among the believers in Corinth was a serious spiritual problem. God is inveterately opposed to the self inflated mindset (Jas 4:6+ cp Pr 6:16, 17, 29:23) Mourned (3996) pentheo from pénthos = mourning) means to mourn for, lament. Pentheo denotes loud mourning such as the lament for the dead or for a severe, painful loss. It is grief and sorrow caused by profound loss, especially death. Mourning can reflect an outward expression of sorrow. It is to experience sadness or grief as the result of depressing circumstances or the condition of persons and so to be sad, to grieve, to bewail or to lament. Grieving over a personal hope (relationship) that dies,. In Jewish society mourning was done for the dead, for some tragedy, or for blasphemy (cf. Mark 14:63). Pentheō ("mourn over a death") refers to "manifested grief"severe enough to take possession of a person and hence cannot be hid. This is the same meaning of penthéō throughout antiquity. 10x in NT - Matt. 5:4; Matt. 9:15; Mk. 16:10; Lk. 6:25; 1 Co. 5:2; 2 Co. 12:21; Jas. 4:9; Rev. 18:11; Rev. 18:15; Rev. 18:19 Krell writes "The church was without excuse! They had been privileged to sit under the preaching of two of the greatest preachers in world history. Yet, the sad reality is: Christians continue to sin regardless of who is preaching and leading. Frequently, biblical preachers can unwittingly breed pride in the congregations they serve. The people proclaim, “Our preacher preaches the Word!” “We know the Word.” “We eat meat, not broth.” Consequently, these church members assume they are spiritually mature when in reality they are not." THOUGHT - Let me ask a tough question: Are you involved in some sin that, if revealed, would devastate your loved ones and destroy any ministry you have? Okay, maybe you haven’t done what this man did, but are you involved in Internet pornography, or an emotional affair at work, or abuse of prescriptions drugs, or the greedy pursuit of wealth. Whatever it is, stop today! Get into an accountability relationship. Begin practicing the spiritual disciplines of prayer and Bible study. God will grant you plenty of grace if you come clean with Him and others. (Krell) Craig Keener - These people may have been boasting in their spiritual freedom. Committing a crime was considered bad in antiquity, but boasting about it in addition to committing it was considered even worse ( IVPBBCNT) So that (hina - term of purpose - what purpose/result?) the one who had done this deed (ergon - work) would be removed from your midst - NLT = "And why haven't you removed this man from your fellowship?" Paul does not hesitate to declare that the punishment must be removal. The thought is either church discipline or excommunication, but the main point is that the grossness of the sin should have provoked a great outrage and a clear action against the sinning parties. Removed from your midst (from the assembly, the ekklesia) means they should have excommunicated him! Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to end or at least regulate the communion of a member of a congregation with other members of the religious institution who are in normal communion with each other. The meaning of the verb removed (airo) is nicely illustrated by the first use in the Septuagint where Jacob told his household "Put away (command - Lxx = airo) the foreign gods and purify yourselves and change your garments (cf Rev 19:7-8+)." (Ge 35:2) Indeed, the act of expunging the evil man from their assembly would exert a "purifying effect" on the assembly in whom the Holy Spirit dwelt (1 Cor 3:16+). The Spirit would now be free to carry out His supernatural work. Utley- The purpose of church discipline is three-fold: (1) cleansing of the local church (both from sin and the restoration of its image in the local community); (2) reforming and redeeming erring believers. It is just possible because of 1 Cor 5:5 (also the same terms are used in Luke 23:18) that this refers to the death of the erring believer(s); and (3) other believers, seeing God’s discipline, are encouraged not to sin. Guzik on the one who had done this deed would be removed from your midst- "Clearly, this was Paul’s solution to the problem—to take this notoriously unrepentant man away from the protection of the fellowship of God’s people. Yet, the Corinthian Christians were not doing this. Why not? How could this kind of thing be allowed?. Remember that Corinth was a city notorious for sexual immorality, and the pagan religions did not value sexual purity. It wasn’t hard for a Corinthian to think you could be religious, yet still act any way you pleased when it came to sex. Greek culture could matter-of-factly say: “Mistresses we keep for the sake of pleasure, concubines for the daily care of the body, but wives to bear us legitimate children.” Wouldn’t they know it was wrong through the Old Testament? Though Leviticus 18:8 expressly forbids a man to have sex with his stepmother (The nakedness of your father’s wife you shall not uncover), some rabbis, such as Rabbi Akibah, said such a relationship was permissible for a Gentile convert to Judaism, because they were a completely new person, and their old family relationship didn’t count at all.More than anything, the Corinthian Christians probably allowed this in the name of “tolerance.” They probably said to themselves, “Look how loving we are. We accept this brother just as he is. Look how open-minded we are!” We should never underestimate what people will allow in the name of “open-mindedness.” The Corinthian Christians were proud (you are puffed up) of their acceptance of this man; they thought it said something good about them! But instead of glorying, they should have grieved, both for the man and for what they must do to him (1 Corinthians 5 Commentary)
1 Coríntios 5
Utley - It is very clear that Paul believed that one’s lifestyle revealed one’s true self (cf. Matt. 7:15–23). Profession must be matched with knowledge of the gospel, the indwelling Spirit, personal obedience, and perseverance. So-called (3687) onomazo rom onoma = name) means to give a name, to assign an appellation, pronounce a name (as in exorcism - Acts 19:13) or make mention of (Eph 5:3), bear the name of (in this case of the Lord). Onomazo means to be known or to name in worship in Ro 15:20. The sense of onomazo in 2Ti 2:19 is to profess. To make mention of the name of Jehovah in praise, which is true of His worshippers (Is. 26:13; Am. 6:10).
1 Coríntios 5
Utley - Believers must not judge one another (cf. Matt. 7:1ff; Rom. 14:1–15:13), but (1) we must examine each other’s fruits for leadership positions (cf. 6:1–3; Matt. 7) and (2) we must exercise church discipline when the reputation of the church is at risk. This is often a fine line! By implication Paul is asserting that the sinning man of v. 1 must be placed in the realm of God’s judgment (outside the church). 1 Corinthians 5:13 But those who are outside, God judges. REMOVE THE WICKED MAN FROM AMONG YOURSELVES. Amplified - God alone sits in judgment on those who are outside. Drive out that wicked one from among you [expel him from your church]. Wuest Paraphrase - Indeed, those who are outside will God judge. Expel at once the pernicious person from among yourselves. (Eerdmans Publishing - used by permission) God judges Ps 50:6 Ac 17:31 Ro 2:16 Heb 13:4 2Pe 2:9 REMOVE THE WICKED 1Co 5:1,5,7 De 13:5 17:7 21:21 22:21,22,24 Ec 9:18 Mt 18:17 1 Corinthians 5 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries GOD JUDGES THE WICKED SO CHURCH SHOULD CAST THEM OUT! But those who are outside, God judges - Outside refers to all unregenerate mankind, all those "outside" of Christ, not in Christ, but IN (under the anti-God influence of) the world and IN (dominated by) the flesh and IN (under) the dominion of Satan. Judges (2919) see krino REMOVE THE WICKED MAN FROM AMONG YOURSELVES - Now Paul gives the church's responsibility in the area of judging, closing this section on church discipline with another command (aorist imperative) to expel or drive out the wicked man (aka "leaven") from the church. The command calls for them to do this without delay because of the inherent danger of associating with these sinners. Paul lumps all the previous sins (1 Cor 5:11) into one category called wicked (poneros) a word which means not only viciously evil in influence but actively harmful in effect. These moral malefactors are like "cancers" that must be "surgically removed" lest they "metastasize" to other members in the body of Christ and lead to sever damage! Utley - Paul clinched his argument from the Jewish point of view by alluding to the writings of Moses (cf. Deut. 13:5; 17:7, 12; 19:19; 21:21; 22:21, 24; 24:7). If the church glories in, or even tolerates, immoral members they will affect the whole church (cf. 1 Cor 5:11). Hodge on remove - This seems to have been borrowed from Deuteronomy 24:7. It is a simple imperative injunction or necessary application of the principle of Christian communion just laid down.