Lucas 22

Albert Barnes · Citado em PreceptAustin

Lucas 22

Barnes has an interesting note on Satan and Judas (and us) - The particular passion of which Satan made use was avarice-probably the besetting sin of Judas....We may learn, also, that when Satan tempts men, he commonly does it by exciting and raising to the highest pitch their native passions. He does not make them act contrary to their nature, but leads them on to act out their proper disposition. (Barnes' Notes on the New Testament) Judas (2455)(Ioudas) is translated as the tribe Judah (11), the betrayer Judas and other men with this name (32), and the half brother of Jesus, Jude(1). Here is a breakout of Judah, son of Jacob, and the tribe named for him (Mt 1:2f; 2:6; Lk 1:39; Heb 7:14; Rev 5:5) Judas in the genealogy of Jesus Lk 3:30 Judas of Galilee, a revolutionary Act 5:37. Judas of Damascus, Paul's host Ac 9:11. Judas, an apostle, son (or brother) of James Lk 6:16; J 14:22; Ac 1:13. Judas Iscariot, betrayer of Jesus Mt 10:4; 26:14, 25, 47; 27:3; Mk 3:19; 14:10, 43; Lk 6:16; 22:3, 47f; J 6:71; 12:4; 13:2, 29; 18:2f, 5; Ac 1:16, 25. Judas called Barsabbas, a Christian prophet Ac 15:22, 27, 32 (34). Judas, the brother of Jesus Mt 13:55; Mk 6:3. Probably the same man is meant by the Jude in Jude 1. Judas - 42v Matt. 1:2; Matt. 1:3; Matt. 2:6; Matt. 10:4; Matt. 13:55; Matt. 26:14; Matt. 26:25; Matt. 26:47; Matt. 27:3; Mk. 3:19; Mk. 6:3; Mk. 14:10; Mk. 14:43; Lk. 1:39; Lk. 3:30; Lk. 3:33; Lk. 6:16; Lk. 22:3; Lk. 22:47; Lk. 22:48; Jn. 6:71; Jn. 12:4; Jn. 13:2; Jn. 13:26; Jn. 13:29; Jn. 14:22; Jn. 18:2; Jn. 18:3; Jn. 18:5; Acts 1:13; Acts 1:16; Acts 1:25; Acts 5:37; Acts 9:11; Acts 15:22; Acts 15:27; Acts 15:32; Heb. 7:14; Heb. 8:8; Jude 1:1; Rev. 5:5; Rev. 7:5 Iscariot (2469)(iskariotes) The meaning of this word is uncertain but usually taken to refer to a place, the village of Kerioth (Josh 15:25) in southern Judea. There are 11 uses of Iscariot in the NT and most uses are associated with a description of the fact that he was a betrayer of Jesus. Even in this verse, Satan entering him indicates he will soon carry out his devilish deed. Iscariot - 11x in 11v - Matt. 10:4; Matt. 26:14; Mk. 3:19; Mk. 14:10; Lk. 6:16; Lk. 22:3; Jn. 6:71; Jn. 12:4; Jn. 13:2; Jn. 13:26; Jn. 14:22 Stein on Iscariot - The latter designation probably means man (Is[h]) from [the town of] Karioth (cariot). This would make Judas a Judean and the only non-Galilean of the group.(NAC) David

Lucas 22

Barnes comments - The direction which Jesus gave his disciples most clearly proves that he was omniscient. Amidst so great a multitude going at that time into the city, it was impossible to know that a particular man would be met a man bearing a pitcher of water-unless Jesus had all knowledge, and was therefore Divine. William MacDonald makes a spiritual application - The man here makes a good picture of the Holy Spirit, who leads seeking souls to the place of communion with the Lord. (Borrow Believer's Bible Commentary) Why the "cloak and dagger" approach to finding a place to meet? Judas would not know the room and could not alert the authorities, because Jesus did not even tell Peter the man's name or the location of the evening Passover. In addition, Jesus wanted this special meal of meals to be in a location in which they would not be disturbed. And in the providence of God, Jesus will somehow be able to get to the location without attracting attention of a crowd. This is another implicit miracle! God was in complete control of every detail of this epoch meal, probably the most important meal in all eternity! Meet (4876)(sunantao from sún = with + antáō = to meet) means literally to meet (Jesus when He came down from the transfiguration - Lk 9:37, Lk 22:30), of Cornelius meeting Peter (Acts 10:25), of Melchizedek who met Abraham (Heb 7:1+, Heb 7:10+). Figuratively, sunantao describes events which come to pass, happen or befall someone in the sense of that which one meets up with ("not knowing what will happen to me there" = Acts 20:22). In classic Greek sunantao meant meet with, encounter, happen to. Several times in the Septuagint the verb speaks of man meeting with God (or angels) (Ge 32:1, Ex 4:24, Ex 5:3, Nu 23:16). Gilbrant - Occasionally it is used of something that would “befall” or “happen to” a person (ibid.), but usually it refers to two or more people “meeting face-to-face.” This latter usage is most common in the Septuagint (e.g., Ge 32:1,2; Eccl 2:14). There is at least one figurative use where “Lovingkindness and truth have met together;” (Ps 85:10). Sunantao - Lk. 9:37; Lk. 22:10; Acts 10:25; Acts 20:22; Heb. 7:1; Heb. 7:10 Sunantao - 61x in 60v in the Septuagint - Ge 32:1 (= "the angels of God met him"); Ge 32:17 (= “When my brother Esau meets you"); Ge 46:28; Ex 4:24 (= "the LORD met him and sought to put him to death"); Ex 4:27; Ex 5:3 (= "The God of the Hebrews has met with us"); Ex 5:20; Ex 7:15; Ex 23:4; Nu 23:16 (= "Then the LORD met Balaam and put a word in his mouth"); Nu 35:19; Nu 35:21; Dt. 22:6; Dt. 23:4; Dt. 31:29; Jos. 2:16; Jos. 11:20; Jdg. 8:21; Jdg. 15:12; Jdg. 18:25; Jdg. 20:41; 2 Sa 2:13; 2 Sa 18:9; Neh. 12:38; Neh. 13:2; Job 3:12; Job 3:25; Job 4:14; Job 5:14; Job 27:20; Job 30:26; Job 39:22; Job 41:26; Ps. 85:10; Pr 7:10; Pr 9:18; Pr 12:13; Pr 12:23; Pr 17:20; Pr 20:30; Pr 22:2; Pr 24:8; Eccl. 2:14; Eccl. 2:15; Eccl. 9:11; Isa. 8:14; Isa. 14:9; Isa. 21:14; Isa. 34:14; Isa. 34:15; Isa. 64:5; Carrying (941)(bastazo) means to bear and is used by Luke to describe bearing a "coffin" (Lk 7:14), bearing a child (Lk 11:27), metaphorically of carrying one's cross (Lk 14:27) and literally of Jesus bearing His cross (Jn 19:17). Pitcher (2765)(keramion from keramos = tile from kerannumi = to mix, as mixing clay and water; Latin - testa; English ceramic) is an earthenware or clay vessel which could be a pitcher, jar, jug, and be used for water, oil or wine. Used only here and in Mk 14:13. In Jesus' day women carried water pots on their shoulder. Men carried skins for wine or water. There are 3 uses in the Septuagint - Isa. 5:10; Isa. 30:14, Jer 42:5. Follow him into the house that he enters - They would not know the house until they had arrived. Presumably after preparing for the Passover, they remained at the house until Jesus arrived later. If they had gone back Judas might have discovered the location. Follow (aorist imperative - Don't delay!)(190)(akoloutheo from a = expresses union with, likeness + keleuthos = a road, way) means to walk the same road THOUGHT - Ponder that simple definition dear believer - Am I willing to walk the same road as Jesus? Or in keeping with the context of this verse, am I willing to follow those He places before me as my spiritual leader? Luke 22:11 "And you shall say to the owner of the house, 'The Teacher says to you, "Where is the guest room in which I may eat the Passover with My disciples?"' KJV Luke 22:11 And ye shall say unto the goodman of the house, The Master saith unto thee, Where is the guestchamber, where I shall eat the passover with my disciples? The Teacher says to you Luke 19:31,34; Mt 21:3; John 11:28 Where is the guest room in which I may eat the Passover Luke 19:5; Revelation 3:20 Luke 22 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Alfred Edersheim - Make Ready the Passover Source: ESV Study Bible DISCIPLES TAKEN TO THE UPPER ROOM Parallel Passages Matthew 26:18 And He said, “Go into the city to a certain man (LUKE - "THE OWNER OF THE HOUSE") and say to him, ‘The Teacher says, “My time is near; (CONTRAST ALL THE TIMES HE SAID "MY HOUR HAS NOT YET COME" - BUT NOW IS THE MOMENT) I am to keep the Passover at your house with My disciples (I.E. "I AM OBLIGATED TO KEEP THE PASSOVER AT YOUR HOUSE...").” (Sermon) Mark 14:14+ and wherever he enters, say to the owner of the house, ‘The Teacher says, “Where is My guest room in which I may eat the Passover with My disciples?”’ And you shall say to the owner of the house - As noted above Jesus does not disclose the owner's name lest Judas hear and alert the Jewish leaders of the location. IVP Background Commentary - Anyone with a two-story home, the second of which contained a “large” upper room, would be considered well-to-do. This family presumably resided in the Upper City of Jerusalem, near the temple, rather than the poorer Lower City, downwind of Jerusalem’s sewage. The Teacher says to you - There were many teachers in Jerusalem at the time of the Passover, but somehow the owner would know this "Teacher" was a reference to Jesus. Jesus may have pre-arranged this encounter or it may simply be supernatural. Matthew adds the detail (not in Luke or Mark) that "The Teacher says, “My time (kairos = is a specific epoch, not just any time in general) is near; I am to keep the Passover at your house with My disciples.” (Mt 26:18) What time? The time to eat the Passover and to inaugurate the New Covenant in His blood and/or the time of His sacrificial death as the Lamb of God. The term "the Teacher" fits with their being disciples and thus also this man most probably being a genuine disciple of Jesus (since he would recognize and/or acknowledge that designation). He could have said "the Lord" but that conveys more of a Master-slave relationship. And in the Upper Room discourse Jesus gives during the Passover celebration, He tells His disciples "No longer do I call you slaves, for the slave does not know what his master is doing; but I have called you friends, for all things that I have heard from My Father I have made known to you". (John 15:15). Notice that Jesus rightly emphasizes His possession of all that is involved in this unique time in all of eternity - "My time," "My guest room," "My disciples" " My body" (Lk 22:19), "My blood" (Lk 22:20), "My trials," (Lk 22:28), "My Father," (Lk 22:29), "My table in My Kingdom," (Lk 22:30), "Not My will." (Lk 22:42). Teacher (1320) (didaskalos from didasko = teach to shape will of one being taught by content of what is taught <> cp didaskalía) is one who provides instruction or systematically imparts truth. The Greek has the definite article (to = the) in front of didaskalos, signifying not just any teacher in general, but THE Teacher, in fact the Teacher of teachers! The disciples and even the Scribes and Pharisees called Jesus "Teacher." (Mt 8:19, 9:11, 12:38, 17:24, 19:16, 22:16, 22:24, 22:36, 23:8, 26:18, etc). Matthew 26:18 adds Jesus' words “My time is near."

Lucas 22

Barnes - He assures them here that they should have a kingdom - their expectations would be realized. They had continued with him; they had seen how he had lived, and to what trials he had been subjected; they had all along expected a kingdom, and he assures them that they should not be disappointed. Behm says of this passage: "As the eschatological basileia (kingdom) is ordained for Jesus by the sovereign declaration of the will of God, so it is decided by the sovereign resolve of Jesus that the disciples should reign with Him" (TDNT, 2:105-6). If Jesus grants them (us) a kingdom, what does that make them (us)? Kings and of course Jesus is "King of kings." (Rev 19:16) Indeed, in the Millennial Kingdom saints will reign with Christ. Jesus goes on to explain to the disciples that they would "sit on thrones judging the twelve (literal) tribes of Israel." (Lk 22:30+). While this Kingdom would be postponed during the Church Age, Jesus' promise emphasizes that it was not cancelled. Scripture repeatedly speaks of the incredible future promise that all disciples of Jesus will co-rule with Christ during His coming earthly reign (perhaps you need to pause and ponder that incomprehensible thought a moment and let it "buoy" your sagging faith/hope/love) ... Revelation 1:6+ and He has made us to be a kingdom, priests to His God and Father–to Him be the glory and the dominion forever and ever. Amen. Revelation 2:26+ ‘He who overcomes (WHO OVERCOMES? EVERY GENUINE BELIEVER - cf 1 Jn 5:4-5+), and he who keeps My deeds until the end, TO HIM I WILL GIVE AUTHORITY OVER THE NATIONS; Comment on until the end - For the believer, the end arrives when either we step through the doorway from this life into the presence of God (2 Cor. 5:8) or we remain alive until the coming of the Lord (John 14:3; 1Th. 4:15). Revelation 3:21+ ‘He who overcomes, I will grant to him to sit down with Me on My throne, as I also overcame and sat down with My Father on His throne. Revelation 5:10+ “You have made them to be a kingdom and priests to our God; and they will reign upon the earth.” Revelation 20:6+ Blessed and holy is the one who has a part in the first resurrection; over these the second death has no power, but they will be priests of God and of Christ and will reign with Him for a thousand years. Romans 5:17+ For if by the transgression of the one (ADAM), death reigned through the one, much more those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness will reign in life through the One, Jesus Christ. 2 Timothy 2:12+ If we endure (cf "he who keeps My deeds until the end" = Rev 2:26+), we will also reign with Him; If we deny Him, He also will deny us (NOT A LOSS OF ETERNAL REWARDS AS SOME FALSELY TEACH BUT A LOSS OF ETERNAL LIFE! THEY WERE NEVER SAVED!) Luke 22:30 that you may eat and drink at My table in My kingdom, and you will sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel. KJV Luke 22:30 That ye may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom, and sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel. that you may eat and drink at My table in My kingdom Luke 22:16-18; 12:37; 14:15; 2 Samuel 9:9,10; 19:28; Mt 8:11; Revelation 19:9 you will sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel Ps 49:14; Mt 19:28; 1 Cor 6:2,3; Revelation 2:26,27; 3:21; 4:4; *Gr: Luke 22 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries APOSTLES WILL JUDGE THE TWELVE LITERAL TRIBES OF ISRAEL This verse continues the grant Jesus begins in Lk 22:29, beginning this clause with hina which identifies a purpose in what follows. Always pause to observe and interrogate this important term of purpose. That you may eat and drink at My table in My kingdom, and you will sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel. It is interesting an worthy of note that the description you will sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel is somewhat glossed over or even completely ignored by commentators that have replaced Israel with the church! The church is never described as "the twelve tribes of Israel." The twelve tribes of Israel means the twelve literal tribes of Israel. God is not finished with the twelve tribes of Israel, and so it should not come as surprise that just before Jesus returns in triumph in Revelation 19, John mentions them in Revelation 7:4-8 And I heard the number of those who were sealed, one hundred and forty-four thousand sealed from every tribe of the sons of Israel: 5 from the tribe of Judah, twelve thousand were sealed, from the tribe of Reuben twelve thousand, from the tribe of Gad twelve thousand, 6 from the tribe of Asher twelve thousand, from the tribe of Naphtali twelve thousand, from the tribe of Manasseh twelve thousand, 7 from the tribe of Simeon twelve thousand, from the tribe of Levi twelve thousand, from the tribe of Issachar twelve thousand, 8 from the tribe of Zebulun twelve thousand, from the tribe of Joseph twelve thousand, from the tribe of Benjamin, twelve thousand were sealed. Comment: The ESV Study Bible makes an amazing comment writing that the 12 tribes mentioned "have symbolic significance, representing the church." When one espouses to the false teaching that the church replaces the literal nation of Israel, it is absolutely shocking how far a proponent of replacement theology will go to try to keep their house of cards interpretation from crashing down! To even suggest that the 12 literal names of Jewish tribes are the church is preposterous! Beloved, interpretation of the Revelation is not just difficult but impossible if one begins to interpret "uncomfortable passages" symbolically. On the other hand, while not every detail of John's description is easy to interpret, the overall message is straightforward if one approaches the text as a little child and simply reads in a literal, normal manner. Thus the ESV Study Bible has a note that simply records (and does so accurately) Jesus' promises to His twelve disciples writing... Jesus’ claim that messianic banquet is My table and that the kingdom of God is My kingdom would be seen as audacious if it were not true. The 12 disciples would sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes (though Judas was later replaced by Matthias; Acts 1:26). (ESV Study Bible, The: English Standard Version) Even the Reformation Study Bible which does not accept a literal Messianic Kingdom on earth writes "They are promised a wonderful future that includes judging the tribes of Israel (v. 30)." Now, that is an honest "interpretation," based on what a literal reading of the text would lead one to conclude. On the other hand, here is an example of the "hermeneutical gymnastics" by William Hendriksen (and I personally love his commentaries) who seems to perceive the problem a literal reading of Jesus' words creates "As to “judging the twelve tribes of Israel,” a repetition of the promise Jesus had made earlier (see Mt. 19:28), in all probability he was thinking of the restored new Israel." Notice that Hendriksen is making a presupposition (an assumption taken as the basis for reaching a conclusion - cf his preface "in all probability") that the context does not suggest, and reads something into the text which Jesus simply does not say. In his comments on Luke 14:24 (page 733) Hendriksen defines "the new Israel, consisting of both Jew and Gentile (Gal 6:16+)." He simply ignores the fact that Jesus is speaking to His Jewish disciples who have followed Him faithfully for 3 years. He is not speaking to the Church or the "the new Israel". Hendriksen then goes on to explain the phrase "the twelve tribes of Israel" writing "Whether, as such, the term Israel indicates the total number of the elect gathered out of the twelve tribes of the Jews from the beginning to the end of the world’s history (cf. Ro 11:26), or even all the chosen ones of both the Jews and the Gentiles (cf. Gal. 6:16), in either case it must refer to those who have been regenerated, for into the reborn universe to which Matt. 19:28 refers nothing unclean will ever enter (Rev. 21:27)." (Borrow Exposition of the Gospel of Luke) To equate "the twelve tribes of Israel" with all "the Jews and the Gentiles" who have been regenerated is a major "hermeneutical" stretch. But this is what one is forced to do if they refuse to accept a simple normative reading of the words of Jesus which are easily interpreted literally if one believes Jesus will establish His Kingdom when He returns as King of kings. See a discussion of Replacement Theology which is in essence what Hendriksen sadly believes will transpire. Leon Morris who also replaces Israel with the church writes "They will in due course enjoy the Messianic banquet with him. This (with RSV, Rieu, Phillips) appears to be the meaning of the Greek rather than ‘I confer a kingdom on you, just as my Father conferred one on me’ (JB; similarly NEB, NIV, GNB). The royal state they will enjoy is expressed rather in their sitting on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel, for judging is surely used here in the sense ‘ruling’ (as in the book of Judges). Jesus speaks of all this in the language of covenant. The verbs assign and assigned both render forms of diatithemai, the usual biblical word for the making of a covenant. The glorious future of which Jesus speaks is as sure as the covenant of God." (Borrow The Gospel According to St. Luke: An Introduction and Commentary) King James Bible Commentary - During the millennial (one thousand years) reign of Christ, the twelve apostles (Matthias probably replaces Judas Iscariot, Acts 1:15-26) will have governmental authority over the regathered twelve tribes of Israel (Jer 23:3-8). These will be literal Jews who live through the Great Tribulation, and perhaps resurrected Old Testament saints as well (Mt 8:11). Expositor's Bible Commentary - The idea of a messianic banquet is reflected in v. 30 (cf. Lk 13:28–30). Matthew’s parallel to this verse is preceded by a reference to the “renewal of all things” (palingenesia) instead of to the kingdom (Mt 19:28). The parallel in Matthew speaks of twelve thrones, but Luke omits the number, possibly to avoid the problem of Judas’s occupying one of them. Since Luke does specify that there are twelve tribes, the omission is not important. (On the role of the Son of Man and the saints in judgment, see Da 7:9–18.) Specific designation of the number of tribes of Israel with respect to their future role does not appear again in the NT until Revelation 7:1–8. The concern for the twelve (tribes) appears, however, in Acts 1:12–26, where one finds the extended discussion of the attempt to fill out the number “twelve” due to the betrayal and death of Judas. Luke 22:31 "Simon, Simon, behold, Satan has demanded [permission] to sift you like wheat; KJV Luke 22:31 And the Lord said (PREVIOUS WORDS NOT IN MODERN MANUSCRIPTS), Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat: BGT Luke 22:31 Σίμων Σίμων, ἰδοὺ ὁ σατανᾶς ἐξῃτήσατο ὑμᾶς τοῦ σινιάσαι ὡς τὸν σῖτον· BGM Luke 22:31 Σίμων@nvmsp Σίμων@nvmsp ἰδού@i ὁ@dnms Σατανᾶς@nnmsp ἐξαιτέω@viam3s σύ@rpa-p ὁ@dgns σινιάζω@vnaa ὡς@cs ὁ@dams σῖτος@namsc NET Luke 22:31 "Simon, Simon, pay attention! Satan has demanded to have you all, to sift you like wheat, CSB Luke 22:31 "Simon, Simon, look out! Satan has asked to sift you like wheat. ESV Luke 22:31 "Simon, Simon, behold, Satan demanded to have you, that he might sift you like wheat, NIV Luke 22:31 "Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to sift you as wheat. NLT Luke 22:31 "Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to sift each of you like wheat. NRS Luke 22:31 "Simon, Simon, listen! Satan has demanded to sift all of you like wheat, YLT Luke 22:31 And the Lord said, 'Simon, Simon, lo, the Adversary did ask you for himself to sift as the wheat, GWN Luke 22:31 Then the Lord said, "Simon, Simon, listen! Satan has demanded to have you apostles for himself. He wants to separate you from me as a farmer separates wheat from husks. NKJ Luke 22:31 And the Lord said, "Simon, Simon! Indeed, Satan has asked for you, that he may sift you as wheat. NAB Luke 22:31 "Simon, Simon, behold Satan has demanded to sift all of you like wheat, MIT Luke 22:31 "Simon, Simon, pay attention. The opponent asked for you, to sift you as one does wheat. NJB Luke 22:31 'Simon, Simon! Look, Satan has got his wish to sift you all like wheat; ASV Luke 22:31 Simon, Simon, behold, Satan asked to have you, that he might sift you as wheat: DBY Luke 22:31 And the Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan has demanded to have you, to sift you as wheat; BBE Luke 22:31 Simon, Simon, Satan has made a request to have you, so that he may put you to the test as grain is tested: NIRV Luke 22:31 "Simon, Simon! Satan has asked to sift you disciples like wheat. RSV Luke 22:31 "Simon, Simon, behold, Satan demanded to have you, that he might sift you like wheat, RWB Luke 22:31 And the Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired to have you, that he may sift you as wheat: WEB Luke 22:31 And the Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, Satan hath desired {to have} you, that he may sift {you} as wheat: BYZ Luke 22:31 Εἶπεν δὲ ὁ κύριος, Σίμων, Σίμων, ἰδού, ὁ Σατανᾶς ἐξῃτήσατο ὑμᾶς, τοῦ σινιάσαι ὡς τὸν σῖτον· Simon Luke 10:41; Acts 9:4 Satan Job 1:8-11; 2:3-6; Zechariah 3:1; 1 Peter 5:8; Revelation 12:10 Luke 22 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: Parallel passage in Matthew and Mark is on the Mount of Olives that took place later than the conversations in John and Luke: Matthew 26:30 After singing a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives. 31 Then Jesus *said to them, “You will all fall away because of Me this night, for it is written, ‘I WILL STRIKE DOWN THE SHEPHERD, AND THE SHEEP OF THE FLOCK SHALL BE SCATTERED.’ 32 “But after I have been raised, I will go ahead of you to Galilee.” 33 But Peter said to Him, “Even though all may fall away because of You, I will never fall away.” 34 Jesus said to him, “Truly I say to you that this very night, before a rooster crows, you will deny Me three times.” 35 Peter *said to Him, “Even if I have to die with You, I will not deny You.” All the disciples said the same thing too. Mark 14:26+ After singing a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives. 27 And Jesus *said to them, “You will all fall away, because it is written, ‘I WILL STRIKE DOWN THE SHEPHERD, AND THE SHEEP SHALL BE SCATTERED.’ 28 “But after I have been raised, I will go ahead of you to Galilee.” 29 But Peter said to Him, “Even though all may fall away, yet I will not.” 30 And Jesus *said to him, “Truly I say to you, that this very night, before a rooster crows twice, you yourself will deny Me three times.” 31 But Peter kept saying insistently, “Even if I have to die with You, I will not deny You!” And they all were saying the same thing also. Parallel passage in John is still in the Upper Room as is the passage recorded by Luke: John 13:36 Simon Peter *said to Him, “Lord, where are You going?” Jesus answered, “Where I go, you cannot follow Me now; but you will follow later.” 37 Peter *said to Him, “Lord, why can I not follow You right now? I will lay down my life for You.” 38 Jesus *answered, “Will you lay down your life for Me? Truly, truly, I say to you, a rooster will not crow until you deny Me three times. SATAN'S SEEKS TO SIFT SAINTS! Only Luke records Satan's demanding permission to sift Peter. This is an important passage to help us understand that Satan can ONLY go so far and can only operate within the parameters and limitations set by God Almighty! Yes, the enemy is continually assaulting believers (2Co 12:7, 1Th 2:18, 2Co 2:11, 1Pe 5:8), but he does so on a "divine leash" so to speak! We see that same truth specifically described in Satan's attack on Job... Job 1:12 Then the LORD said to Satan, “Behold, all that he has is in your power, only do not put forth your hand on him.” So Satan departed from the presence of the LORD. Job 2:5-6 However, put forth Your hand now, and touch his bone and his flesh; he will curse You to Your face.” 6So the LORD said to Satan, “Behold, he is in your power, only spare his life.” Simon, Simon, behold, (idou) Satan (satanas) has demanded (exaiteo) [permission] to sift (siniazo) you like wheat (sitos) - TEV paraphrases it "Satan has received permission to test all of you, to separate the good from the bad, as a farmer separates the wheat from the chaff’ ” This is a prophecy by Jesus that would be fulfilled before the night was over! Jesus speaking one's name once would have been enough, but just to make sure He has Peter's attention He calls it out twice. And notably He does not call him Peter which means "Rock!" How many times does Jesus need to call your name to gain your attention? Behold conveys the sense "Pay Attention! Watch Out! Don't miss what I am about to say! The idea in this context is "Look out!" or "Heads up!" The test is coming in the form of a demonically inspired and instituted temptation. Are your spiritual defenses continually engaged dear Gospel warrior? (cf Eph 6:12-18+). Forewarned should have meant Peter would be forearmed, but such was not to be the case this fateful night! Peter's fall after forewarning begs the question "How do you (I) respond when Jesus says "Pay Attention?" Do you? Or does it go in one ear and out the other?" John