Deuteronômio 31

Deuteronômio 31

Clarke - NEVER was a people more fully and faithfully warned, and from this very circumstance we may see that they were under no fatal constraining necessity to commit sin against God; they might have avoided it, but they would not. God was present to help them, till by their repeated provocations they forced him to depart: wrath therefore came upon them to the uttermost because they sinned when they might have lived to the glory of God. Those who abuse God’s grace shall not only have that grace taken away from them, but shall be punished for the abuse of it, as well as for the transgression. Every sin is double, and must have a twofold punishment; for 1. Grace is resisted; 2. Transgression is committed; and God will visit for both. Rebellious (04784) marah means to be contentious, rebellious, and openly defiant to an authority by not obeying commands. Most of the uses of marah refer to rebellion by Israel or Judah against Jehovah (exceptions = Dt 21:18, 20, Job 17:2, Job 23:2, Pr 17:11). There is repeated focus on Israel's rebellion in the wilderness after being set free from slavery in Egypt (Nu 20:10, 24; 27:14; Deut 1:26, 43; 9:7, 23), summed up by the statement "You have been rebellious against the LORD from the day I knew you." (Deut 9:24) Marah is used with similar descriptive words - stubborn (Dt 21:18, 20, Jer 5:23, Ps 78:8), to grieve (Isa 63:10, Ps 78:40), to refuse (Isa 1:20, Neh 9:17), to transgress (Lam 3:42), to sin (Ps 78:17), to test (Ps 78:56), to rebel (marad in Neh 9:26), to reject or profane (Ezek 20:13). Deuteronomy 31:28 "Assemble to me all the elders of your tribes and your officers, that I may speak these words in their hearing and call the heavens and the earth to witness against them. Assemble: De 31:12 29:10 Ge 49:1,2 Ex 18:25 Nu 11:16,17 call the heavens and the earth: De 4:26 30:19 32:1 Isa 1:2 Lu 19:40 Deuteronomy 31 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries CALLING ALL CREATION AS WITNESS Assemble to me all the elders of your tribes and your officers, that I may speak these words in their hearing and call the heavens and the earth to witness against them - This word is not to all the nation but to the elders and officers. Calling the heavens and the earth adds a note of solemnity and certainty to Moses' following discourse. Moses calls three witnesses (2 would have been sufficient to convict - Dt 19:15+) to the stand in chapter 31 - (1) His Song (Dt 31:19, 21), (2) The Law next to the Ark (Dt 31:26) and (3) The heavens and the earth (Dt 31:28). Deuteronomy 31:29 "For I know that after my death you will act corruptly and turn from the way which I have commanded you; and evil will befall you in the latter days, for you will do that which is evil in the sight of the LORD, provoking Him to anger with the work of your hands." you will act corruptly: De 32:5 Jdg 2:19 Isa 1:4 Ho 9:9 Ac 20:30 2Ti 3:1-6 2Pe 1:14,15 2Pe 2:1,2 evil: De 28:15-68 29:18-28 Lev 26:14-46 2Ch 34:24 Lu 19:42-44 21:24 latter days: De 4:30 Ge 49:1 Job 19:25 Eze 38:8 1Ti 4:1 2Ti 3:1 Heb 1:2 2Pe 3:3 Deuteronomy 31 Resources - Multiple Sermons and Commentaries Related Passages: Deut 4:26-30+ I call heaven and earth to witness against you today (SEE Dt 31:29 ABOVE), that you will surely perish quickly from the land where you are going over the Jordan to possess it. You shall not live long on it, but will be utterly destroyed. 27 “The LORD will scatter you among the peoples, and you will be left few in number among the nations where the LORD drives you. 28 “There you will serve gods, the work of man’s hands, wood and stone, which neither see nor hear nor eat nor smell. 29 “But from there you will seek the LORD your God, and you will find Him if you search for Him with all your heart and all your soul. 30 “When you are in distress and all these things have come upon you, in the latter days you will return to the LORD your God and listen to His voice. Ezekiel 38:8 “After many days you will be summoned; in the latter years you will come into the land that is restored from the sword, whose inhabitants have been gathered from many nations to the mountains of Israel which had been a continual waste; but its people were brought out from the nations, and they are living securely, all of them. Moses is #1 and "C" is Second Coming DYING MOSES GIVES A DEADLY DISTANT PROPHECY In fairness, it should be stated that some writers see in the latter days as simply a general reference to some future time. And while that is reasonable, if we compare the only other place in Deuteronomy where a similar phrase is used (Dt 4:30+), it also seems fair to propose that the latter days in this passage refers to a partial fulfillment in Israel's two exiles and then a future final fulfillment in the time of Jacob's Distress (Jer 30:7+). For - Moses explains why he calls all creation to be witness to his words to the leaders. One would think his words would have gripped their hearts and minds and souls as they heard these prophetic warnings. I know that after my death you will act corruptly (shachath) and turn from the way which I have commanded you - "you will totally corrupt yourselves" (Dt 31:29NET) The NET is a good rendering because the verb for corrupt is repeated in the Hebrew for emphasis on their evil action. He is addressing the elders and officers, who represented the nation. One can only imagine what went through their minds as they heard Moses' prophetic declaration. Turn from in the Septuagint is ekklino meaning to incline from, turning from godly behavior to morally deviant behavior. In the Greek ekklino is in the active voice signifying they will make a volitional choice, a choice of their will to go after godless idols instead of the true God! And evil will befall you in the latter days - "Disaster will confront you in the days to come (Deu 31:29 NET) While this was partially fulfilled in their exiles from the land (to Assyria in 722 BC and Babylon in 586 BC), ultimate and final fulfillment of this prophecy would be in the last of the latter days, in the time known as Jacob's Distress (corresponding to the time of the Great Tribulation). Moses used the phrase latter days earlier in Dt 4:30+ declaring in another prophecy "“When you are in distress and all these things have come upon you, in the latter days you will return to the LORD your God and listen to His voice." While the diagram above has several points that are not of interest to this passage, what is of interest is Moses (#1) and "C" the Second Coming, because just prior to the Christ's return "evil will befall" Israel and comparing with Deut 4:26-30+ (see above) it seems reasonable to associate the phrase in this earlier prophetic passage ("the latter days") with the same phrase here in Dt 31:29. If this is a valid comparison, then this prophecy refers to the time of Jacob's distress, that time in the future when Antichrist's evil will befall Israel.