Mateus 25
A.T. Robertson · Citado em PreceptAustin
Mateus 25
Robertson on scattered - this scattering was the chaff from which wheat was winnowed, not the scattering of seed. J C
Mateus 25
Robertson says the idea is that labor is an annoyance, bad, evil; Noun poneria derived from poneros) means evil including evil, malignant character, pernicious, that which is morally or socially worthless, wicked, base, bad, degenerate. Poneros speaks of evil in active opposition to good. It means actively harmful, hurtful, evil in effect or influence. Poneros denotes determined, aggressive, and fervent evil that actively opposes what is good. Poneros is not just bad in character, but bad in effect (injurious)! This is a very strong adjective! Lazy (3636) okneros is from okneo = to shrink, to hesitate, to delay) means that which causes reluctance or is tedious or bothersome (upsets a person's composure or which annoys and suggests interference with one's comfort or peace of mind). It describes being afraid to act, hesitating, shrinking or lazy. Like oknos, which means “hesitation” through weariness, sloth, fear, bashfulness, or reserve, okneros is used a. of persons in the sense of “showing oknos,” “hesitating,” “anxious,” “negligent,” “slothful.” It thus denotes one who for various reasons or difficulties does not have the resolution to act.
Mateus 25
Robertson says "Doing nothing is doing harm." Into the (definitive article "to" = "the") outer (exoteros) darkness (skotos) - Personally, this is one of the most frightening statements ever uttered by our Savior! If one compares the parallel passages (see above) that use the same phrase, one can deduce that this place of outer darkness is "a place with the hypocrites" (Mt 24:51+) and a "furnace of fire" (Mt 13:42+, Mt 13:50+). The thought of darkness and fire is incomprehensible (as fire usually brings light), but far worse it is frightening combination! Little wonder that Jesus goes on in the next phrase to prophetically describe the future participants' reactions to this horrible place. As a caveat, one of my favorite authors Warren Wiersbe does not believe this verse refers to eternal punishment. The frightening phrase OUTER DARKNESS occurs three times in the Bible (Mt 8:12; Mt 22:13; Mt 25:30) and is always preceded by the definite article ("the") in Greek, which serves to identify it as a specific, real, literal entity! It seems to have denoted an area outside a well-illuminated banquet hall where there was darkness (cf parable of the wedding feast in Mt 22:1-14+). In Jesus' parable, the one who managed to sneak into the banquet hall without the proper garment was cast into outer darkness, separated from the feast. In the first two uses, outer darkness refers to the place of suffering for the unbelievers and is in contrast to the light where the believers dwell (1 Jn 1:5-7+, cf Ps 56:13, Ps 89:15). Ps 104:1-2 says "Bless the LORD, O my soul! O LORD my God, You are very great; You are clothed with splendor and majesty, Covering Yourself with LIGHT as with a cloak, Stretching out heaven like a tent curtain." Ps 44:3 speaks of "the LIGHT of Thy presence." Jesus Himself says "“I am the LIGHT of the world; he who follows Me will not walk in the darkness, but will have the LIGHT of life (IN CONTRAST TO THE "DARKNESS" OF DEATH!)." (Jn 8:12+) In Psalm 49:19 we read "He (DESCRIBING A RICH UNBELIEVER) shall go to the generation of his fathers; They will never see the LIGHT." This truth accords with what Paul wrote regarding the tragic fate of all who reject the Gospel stating that "These (DESCRIBED IN 2 Th 1:8+) will pay the penalty of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of His power (WHICH INCLUDES HIS LIGHT see Rev 22:5+)" (2 Th 1:9+). Unbelievers will be thrown into the furnace of fire, whereas believers will shine as the sun in the kingdom of the Father (Mt 13:42, 43+ Da 12:3+). The outer darkness in Mt 8:12 and Mt 22:13 is obviously a description of Géhenna (geenna), the "place of burning" (Mt 5:22, 29, 30+; Mt 10:28+; Mt 18:9+). OUTER DARKNESS - 3X - Matt. 8:12; Matt. 22:13; Matt. 25:30 Trapp on outer darkness: “Into a darkness beyond a darkness; into a dungeon beyond and beneath the prison.” In that place (of outer darkness) there will be weeping (klauthmos) and gnashing (brugmos) of teeth - This description hardly needs any commentary. I interpret the Bible literally and thus the horrors of hell are literally unspeakable, as depicted in this verse by the reaction of the inhabitants! Notice that this is not a term of comparison. In other words Jesus does not say it will be LIKE (A SIMILE) "weeping and gnashing of teeth." Notice also that the verb will be (estai) is in the future tense and middle voice, a voice which is reflexive and could be rendered "they themselves!" In other words, they will begin to weep themselves (FOREVER!) And as best I can discern these descriptions apply to their eternal state! In other words a literal reading of Jesus' somber words would strongly suggest that their eternal place of doom would be accompanied by eternal torment to the point that they are continually weeping! D A Carson agrees that “The definite articles with ‘weeping’ and ‘gnashing’ (cf. Greek) emphasize the horror of the scene: the weeping and the gnashing…Weeping suggests suffering and gnashing of teeth despair.” (Matthew) David